The world merchant fleet in Statistics from Equasis

Transcription

1 The world merchant fleet in 2011 Statistics from Equasis

2 Equasis Statistics The world merchant fleet in 2011 Table of content 1. Themes and Tables The Merchant Fleet Population Whole Fleet... 6 Ships by age... 7 Ships by flag Classification Societies Class status Class status and age Class status and flag Safety performance P&I P&I status IGP&I and age Non IGP&I and age P&I and flag Safety performance Port State Control Port State Control Overview Ships Inspected Between 2009 and 2011 By Age Ships Inspected Between 2009 and 2011 By P&I Ships Inspected Between 2009 and 2011 By Flag PSC Records of Recognised Organisations Statutory Certificates Trade Associations and Industry Vetting Programmes Scheme status Safety performance Company performance Annexes Annex I. Ship type aggregations Annex II. Targeted Flag States Annex III. Default PSC Ship types Annex IV. List of Statutory Certificates, by conventions

3 Equasis Statistics The world merchant fleet in 2011 Chapter 1 1. Themes and Tables INTRODUCTION This report provides a picture of the world s merchant fleet in 2011, derived from data contained in the Equasis database. It looks at the makeup of the fleet and its performance. The statistics are grouped into themes which could be of interest to the industry and regulators. The themes are as follows: 1. The Merchant Fleet Population 2. Classification Societies 3. P&I 4. Port State Control 5. Vetting Programmes and Trade Associations OVERVIEW Equasis is populated with data from most of the world s merchant ships. Basic ship particulars are derived from the commercial database of IHS Fairplay. From a commercial and regulatory point of view, size and type of ship are two key criteria and therefore throughout this report the statistical analysis is based on these two elements. For the Port State Control theme, ships will be divided into ship type categories derived from PSC databases. SIZE By size ships are grouped into four categories: 1. Small ships 100 GT to 499 GT 2. Medium ships 500 GT to GT 3. Large ships GT to GT 4. Very Large ships GT The small ships size category, reflects the main tonnage threshold for merchant ships to comply with the SOLAS Convention. This category also includes many ships which do not trade internationally and therefore are not covered by the International Conventions or the Port State regimes. A significant proportion of these vessels are also too small to be covered by classification societies and the vetting and trading organisations. They have therefore been excluded from most of the analysis in order to avoid distortion of the totals for ships which are generally covered by the International Conventions, the Port State Control regimes, Classification societies and other trade organisations. To provide data for the whole fleet, small ships are included in Chapter 2.1 and 2.2, and in the multiple inspection figures in Chapter 5.1 and 5.6. Small ships are also taken into consideration when evaluating the fleet size of a company and the detention rate in Chapter 6.3. Regulatory and commercial tonnage thresholds are not common to all ship types. As a compromise, categories 2, 3 and 4 have been chosen so as to divide the fleet into three approximately equal parts in terms of tonnage. These three together represent the larger worldwide trading ships. SHIP TYPES Equasis uses over 100 descriptions of ship type provided by IHS Fairplay. For this report these types have been aggregated into 12 main types as follows: General Cargo Ships Specialized Cargo Ships Container Ships Ro-Ro Cargo Ships Bulk Carriers Oil and Chemical Tankers Gas Tankers Other Tankers Passenger Ships Offshore Vessels Service Ships Tugs 3

4 Equasis Statistics The world merchant fleet in 2011 Annex I outlines how this aggregation has been accomplished. This annex has been reviewed to include new ship types that were excluded in the Statistics on the world merchant fleet in 2010 and previous publications and the differences are outlined in bold. In total, 1210 ships have been added, half of them being Small ships (under 500GT). PSC SHIP TYPES In the Statistics on the world merchant fleet in 2010 and previous publications, the 12 main ship types were used in all chapters. However, PSC organisations are using other ship type categories, that is why the 12 main ship types have now been replaced by PSC ship types in most of Chapter 5. These PSC ship types are the ship types used by the inspectors during inspections in the different PSC regimes. Since the number of types are limited, it is not necessary to group them further. For ships that have never been inspected or when ship type is not reported in the PSC data provided to Equasis, it is not possible to attribute a PSC ship type easily. In this situation, a default PSC ship type is used in substitution of a genuine PSC ship type. This default PSC ship type is based on the ship type as provided by IHS Fairplay. Annex III provide the correspondence for this purpose. This correspondence was established mainly through statistical analysis and comparisons between IHS Fairplay ship types and PSC ship types. It cannot be compared to Annex I as the intention is not to create categories of ships, the purpose of this annex is only to attribute a PSC ship type to ships that were not inspected. FLAG results to Equasis, but they do not use a targeted flag list. The lists are published annually and reflect the safety performance of ships under each flag as measured by the number of port state inspections and detentions recorded over a three-year period. It is possible for a flag to be targeted in one regime but not in another. This can be because its safety performance varies from one to another, or, because few, or none, of its ships trade to ports covered by the regime. Further details are included in the list of the respective regimes Port State Control Annual Reports. A list of the flags is provided in Annex II. SOURCE OF INFORMATION Equasis is fed by 45 data providers which can be divided into six categories: core ship and company data, PSC regimes, classification societies, P&I clubs, associations or vetting programs and other international organisations. Almost all these sources are used in this document to a greater or lesser extent. As to PSC information, it should be noted that not all inspections within the Indian Ocean MoU are reported in Equasis. Only inspections from Australia, India, Iran, South Africa, Sri-Lanka and Mauritius are considered in these statistics. In 2011, these six countries represented about 90% of all inspections carried out within the Indian Ocean MoU. The Viña del Mar agreement has also provided data to Equasis since March However, the year 2011 is not fully covered by this provider. Therefore, for this publication, no data from the Viña del Mar will be used. Flags (under which ships are registered) are grouped in two categories, targeted and non-targeted. Those in the targeted group are the flags which appear on at least one of the targeted flag lists of the Paris MoU [Black List], the Tokyo MoU [Black List] and the USCG [safety targeting]. Indian Ocean MoU (IO MoU) has also provided its inspection 4

5 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in 2011 Chapter 2 2. The Merchant Fleet Population INTRODUCTION The tables in this chapter give a picture of the fleet of ships in Equasis in terms of type, size, age and the flag under which the ship is registered. RESULTS Graph 1 shows that by number, the Equasis fleet is dominated (83%) by small and medium sized ships up to GT. Small ships alone represent 36% by number, although only 1% by tonnage. Many of the small ships are not subject to international conventions on safety and pollution prevention because of their size or because they do not trade internationally. just 3.1% by number but 37.8% by tonnage. Graph 13 shows that under half (38%) of the total number of ships are associated with a targeted flag. Whilst graphs 15 to 20 show that the proportion of ships under a targeted flag decrease with size: 39% for the medium size ship category, 34% for the large ship size category and 30% for very large. The figures are very close with respect to number and tonnage. Table 13 shows that 24.4% of the ships associated with targeted flags are of general cargo ships, while passenger ships make up 5.7% of the ships associated with targeted flags. General cargo ships are the most common type by number, at 21.5% of the Equasis fleet. However, most of these are small and medium-sized. In the large and very large categories, oil and chemical tankers and bulk carriers represent well over half of the fleet by number. In terms of tonnage the large and very large categories represent 78% of the Equasis fleet (Graph 2), with oil and chemical tankers and bulk carriers dominating both categories at 66% (large) and 65.5% (very large) respectively. Table 3 shows that over half (54.2%) of the Equasis fleet, by number, is 15 years or older, but this is due largely to the dominance of older ships in the small and medium ship categories. The trend is reversed in the large and very large ship categories, where 76.2% (large) and 83.9% (very large) are less than 15 years old. The most modern fleets can be found in the large and very large ship categories with 84.7%, by tonnage, of the fleet below 4 years of age (Graph 4). At the other end of the age scale, large and very large ships over 25 years old account for 5

6 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in WHOLE FLEET Table 1 - World fleet : total number of ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 2 - World fleet : gross tonnage (in 1000 t), by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT<25.000GT - (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 1 - World fleet : total number of ships, by size Graph 2 - World fleet : gross tonnage, by size 6

7 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in SHIPS BY AGE WORLD FLEET Table 3 - Total number of ships, by age and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 4 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by age and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 3 - World fleet : total number of 0-4 years old ships, by size Graph 4 - World fleet : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) by age and size 7

8 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in years old SHIPS Table 5 - Total number of 0-4 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 6 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 0-4 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 5 - World fleet : total number of 0-4 years old ships, by size Graph 6 - World fleet : gross tonnage of 0-4 years old ships by size 8

9 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 7 - Total number of 5-14 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 8 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 5-14 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 7 - Total number of 5-14 years old ships by size Graph 8 - Gross tonnage of 5-14 years old ships by size 9

10 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 9 - Total number of years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 10 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 9 - size Total number of years old ships by Graph 10 - Gross tonnage of years old ships by size 10

11 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 11 - Total number of +25 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Table 12 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of +25 years old ships, by type and size Source: Equasis (1) GT<500 - (2) 500 GT< (3) GT< (4) GT Graph 11 - Total number of +25 years old ships by size Graph 12 - Gross tonnage of +25 years old ships by size 11

12 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in SHIPS BY FLAG WHOLE FLEET GT 500 Table 13 - World fleet GT 500: total number of ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis Table 14 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis Graph 13 - World fleet GT 500: total number of ships, by flag Graph 14 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage of ships, by flag 12

13 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 15 - Total number of medium (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) 500 GT< Table 16 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) 500 GT< Graph 15 - Total number of medium ships, by flag Graph 16 - Gross tonnage of medium ships, by flag 13

14 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 17 - Total number of large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) GT< Table 18 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) GT< Graph 17 - Total number of large ships, by flag Graph 18 - Gross tonnage of large ships, by flag 14

15 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 2) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 19 - Total number of very large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) GT Table 20 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis (1) GT Graph 19 - Total number of very large ships, by flag Graph 20 - Gross tonnage of very large ships, by flag 15

16 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 Chapter 3 3. Classification Societies INTRODUCTION Classification Societies provide technical and surveying services for the shipping industry and the flag states. On the one hand, they survey the ship on behalf of the owner and issue a class certificate for the ship. On the other hand, they may be mandated by flag states to undertake statutory surveys on their behalf as Recognised Organisations. The main classification societies worldwide are members of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS). This chapter and all other tables and graphs dealing with classification societies in this publication, with the exception of Chapter 5.5 and 5.6, only refer to the class function; that is, they only indicate the societies that issue the class certificates for a particular ship. It does not necessarily follow that the same society is also acting as a Recognised Organisation on behalf of the ship s flag state. In 2011, IACS consisted of 13 member societies: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Bureau Veritas (BV) China Classification Society (CCS) Croatian Register of Shipping (CRS) Det Norske Veritas (DNV) Germanischer Lloyd (GL) Indian Register of Shipping (IRS) Korean Register of Shipping (KR) Lloyd's Register of Shipping (LR) Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (NK) Polish Register of Shipping (PRS) Registro Italiano Navale (RINA) Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) The tables in this chapter show the proportion of the Equasis fleet GT 500, in each ship size category and ship type, which were classed with members of IACS and those classed with classification societies which were not members of IACS. Data on class comes from IACS members and for non-iacs classification societies the information is supplied by IHS Fairplay when available. There are about 4500 ships, which equates to a tonnage of 21,395,000 tons (that is respectively 5% and 2% in number and tonnage) for which no classification data is available at all in Equasis. For simplicity reasons, and because the IACS Classification Societies provide their data directly to Equasis, these ships are grouped with non-iacs ships under the heading Non-IACS/No Record. In chapter 3.3 the fleet is analysed according to class and flag status. Flags are grouped in two categories, targeted and non-targeted, as explained in Chapter 1. In chapter 3.4 the detention rate of ships is the ratio between the number of detentions and the number of inspections in the Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, Indian Ocean MoU (IO MoU) and USCG regions in All detentions are taken into account, irrespective of whether or not the deficiencies giving rise to the detention were indicated by PSC as being related to the activities of the Classification Society/Recognised Organisation. RESULTS Graph 21 shows that the Equasis fleet over 500 GT is dominated by ships classed by IACS members (76% by number and 96% by tonnage). This proportion is reflected in most of the ship types although general cargo ships account for almost half of the world s fleet over 500GT that are not IACS classed (Table 21). Graphs 23 to 28 show that the IACS share increases with size, with 98% and 99% of the large and very large ship 16

17 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 size category, by number and tonnage, being classified by IACS members. Ships covered by non-iacs members are almost all medium sized (Tables 23, 25, 27). As Graphs 29, 37, 45 and 53 show, the IACS coverage is greater among the younger fleet and tends to diminish with age from 92% of ships aged up to 5 years to 46% of the fleet over 25 years old. The safety performance of the Equasis fleet over 500 GT, as measured by detention rate, shows that 3.86% of inspections resulted in detention in Those ships with an IACS class were less likely to be detained in 2011 (2.92%) than those with non-iacs members or with no recorded class (11.42%). The number of inspection on vessels in the very large ship size category with a non-iacs class or no recorded class is too small to be statistically significant, and the 0% detention rate for this category is meaningless, as it is based on only 21 inspections on 41 ships. 17

18 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in CLASS STATUS WORLD FLEET GT 500 : TOTAL NUMBER OF SHIPS, BY TYPE AND CLASS Table 21 - World fleet GT 500 : total number of ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 22 - World fleet GT 500 : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 21 - World fleet GT 500 : total number of ships, by class Graph 22 - World fleet GT 500 : gross tonnage of ships, by class 18

19 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 23 - Total number of medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 24 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 23 - Total number of medium ships, by class Graph 24 - Gross tonnage of medium ships, by class 19

20 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 25 - Total number of large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 26 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 25 - Total number of large ships, by class Graph 26 - Gross tonnage of large ships, by class 20

21 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 27 - Total number of very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 28 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 27 - Total number of very large ships, by class Graph 28 - Gross tonnage of very large ships, by class 21

22 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in CLASS STATUS AND AGE 0-4 YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 29 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 0-4 years old ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 30 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships 0-4 years old, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 29 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 0-4 years old ships, by class Graph 30 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage of 0-4 years old of ships, by class 22

23 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD MEDIUM SHIPS Table 31 - Total number of 0-4 years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 32 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 0-4 years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 31 - Total number of 0-4 years old medium ships, by class Graph 32 - Gross tonnage of 0-4 years old medium ships, by class 23

24 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD LARGE SHIPS Table 33 - Total number of 0-4 years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 34 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 0-4 years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 33 - Total number of 0-4 years old large ships, by class Graph 34 - Gross tonnage of 0-4 years old large ships, by class 24

25 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 35 - Total number of 0-4 years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 36 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 0-4 years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 35 - Total number of 0-4 years old very large ships, by class Graph 36 - Gross tonnage of 0-4 years old very large ships, by class 25

26 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 37 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 5-14 years old ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 38 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships 5-14 years old, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 37 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 5-14 years old ships, by class Graph 38 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage of 5-14 years old of ships, by class 26

27 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD MEDIUM SHIPS Table 39 - Total number of 5-14 years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 40 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 5-14 years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 39 - Total number of 5-14 years old medium ships, by class Graph 40 - Gross tonnage of 5-14 years old medium ships, by class 27

28 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD LARGE SHIPS Table 41 - Total number of 5-14 years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 42 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 5-14 years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 41 - Total number of 5-14 years old large ships, by class Graph 42 - Gross tonnage of 5-14 years old large ships, by class 28

29 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 43 - Total number of 5-14 years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 44 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 5-14 years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 43 - Total number of 5-14 years old very large ships, by class Graph 44 - Gross tonnage of 5-14 years old very large ships, by class 29

30 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 45 - World fleet GT 500: total number of years old ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 46 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships years old, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 45 - World fleet GT 500: total number of years old ships, by class Graph 46 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage of years old of ships, by class 30

31 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD MEDIUM SHIPS Table 47 - Total number of years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 48 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 47 - Total number of years old medium ships, by class Graph 48 - Gross tonnage of years old medium ships, by class 31

32 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD LARGE SHIPS Table 49 - Total number of years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 50 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 49 - Total number of years old large ships, by class Graph 50 - Gross tonnage of years old large ships, by class 32

33 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 51 - Total number of years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 52 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 51 - Total number of years old very large ships, by class Graph 52 - Gross tonnage of years old very large ships, by class 33

34 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD SHIPS Table 53 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 25+ years old ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 54 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships 25+ years old, by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 53 - World fleet GT 500: total number of 25+ years old ships, by class Graph 54 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage of 25+ years old of ships, by class 34

35 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD MEDIUM SHIPS Table 55 - Total number of 25+ years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 56 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 25+ years old medium (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 55 - Total number of 25+ years old medium ships, by class Graph 56 - Gross tonnage of 25+ years old medium ships, by class 35

36 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD LARGE SHIPS Table 57 - Total number of 25+ years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 58 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 25+ years old large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 57 - Total number of 25+ years old large ships, by class Graph 58 - Gross tonnage of 25+ years old large ships, by class 36

37 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in YEARS OLD VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 59 - Total number of 25+ years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 60 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of 25+ years old very large (1) ships, by type and class Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 59 - Total number of 25+ years old very large ships, by class Graph 60 - Gross tonnage of 25+ years old very large ships, by class 37

38 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in CLASS STATUS AND FLAG WORLD FLEET GT 500 Table 61 - World fleet GT 500: total number of ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 62 - World fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 61 - Total number of ships GT 500, by class and flag Graph 62 - Gross tonnage of ships GT 500, by class and flag 38

39 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 63 - Total number of medium (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 64 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 63 - Total number of medium ships, by class and flag Graph 64 - Gross tonnage of medium ships, by class and flag 39

40 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 65 - Total number of large (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 66 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 65 - Total number of large ships, by class and flag Graph 66 - Gross tonnage of large ships, by class and flag 40

41 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 67 - Total number of very large (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Table 68 - Gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships by type, class and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT IACS membership on 31/12/2011 Graph 67 - Total number of very large ships, by class and flag Graph 68 - Gross tonnage of very large ships, by class and flag 41

42 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in SAFETY PERFORMANCE WORLD FLEET GT 500 Table 69 - World fleet GT 500 detention rates (*), by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/ (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections MEDIUM SHIPS Table 70 - Medium (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/ (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections 42

43 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 3) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 71 - Large (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/ (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 72 - Very large (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and class Source: Equasis - IACS membership on 31/12/ (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections 43

44 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 Chapter 4 4. P&I INTRODUCTION Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Clubs provide third-party insurance cover to ship owners. Members of the International Group of P&I Clubs (IGP&I) provide Equasis with information on all vessels entered in their clubs which are issued with IMO numbers. There are thirteen separate and independent principal Clubs in the IGP&I. Some of the Clubs have affiliated and reinsured subsidiary associations: American Steamship Owners Mutual Protection and Indemnity Association, Inc Assuranceforeningen Skuld Gard P&I (Bermuda) Ltd. 1 The Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited The Japan Ship Owners' Mutual Protection & Indemnity Association The London Steam-Ship Owners' Mutual Insurance Association Limited The North of England Protecting & Indemnity Association Limited The Shipowners' Mutual Protection & Indemnity Association (Luxembourg) The Standard Steamship Owners Protection & Indemnity Association (Bermuda) Limited 2 The Steamship Mutual Underwriting Association (Bermuda) Limited The Swedish Club United Kingdom Mutual Steam Ship Assurance Association (Bermuda) Limited The West of England Ship Owners Mutual Insurance Association (Luxembourg) It should be noted that there is a significant number of small ships of less than 100GT entered in the IGP&I data but as explained in Chapter 1, small ships are not included in the statistics which follow. The following tables show the proportion of the fleet, in each ship size category and ship type, which is registered with the clubs in the IGP&I (column headed IGP&I) compared to the proportion of ships (column headed Non IGP&I) which are either: entered with a club which is not a member of the IGP&I ; covered by commercial insurance for which information is unavailable ; not covered by P&I insurance. In chapter 4.4 the fleet is analysed according to P&I and flag status. Flags are grouped in two categories, targeted and non-targeted, as explained in Chapter 1. In chapter 4.5 the detention rate of ships is the ratio between the number of detentions and the number of inspections in the Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, Indian Ocean MoU (IO MoU) and USCG regions. 1 Gard (Bermuda) Ltd only became a principal Association with effect from the 2010 policy year. Previously, the principal Association was Assuranceforeningen Gard. 2 Since July 2012, the Standard Steamship Owners Protection & Indemnity Association (Bermuda) Ltd has changed its name to "The Standard Club Limited RESULTS Graph 69 indicates that for vessels over 500GT in Equasis, for which data has been supplied, 60% are covered by one of the 44

45 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 members of the IGP&I. This rises to 91% by tonnage. Graphs 71 to 76 show that 96% of the large and 98% of the very large ship categories are covered by the members of the IGP&I. Within the medium ship size category just under a half (47%) are covered by the members of the IGP&I by number, which equates to about 71% in tonnage. Comparing Graph 77 with 85 reveals that the age profile of ships covered by the members of the IGP&I is considerably younger than those which are not. A third (36%) of the IGP&I fleet is under 5 years old and less than one eighth (12%) is over 25 years old. Of the younger fleet, more than half are either chemical tankers or bulk carriers (Table 81). This trend is more marked in the large and very large ship categories. For non-igp&i members the trend is reversed, as only 13% of the fleet under 5 years old and 55% is over 25 years old, with nearly a half of the older fleet being general cargo ships (Table 89). The safety performance of vessels over 500gt that are included in Equasis, as measured by detention rates, shows that 3.86% of inspections resulted in detention in Table 105 shows that ships outside the Group had a higher detention rate in 2011 than those with inside the Group (8.38% compared with 2.63%). The number of inspection on ships in the very large ship size category and covered by non-igp&i members is too small to be statistically significant and the 0% detention rate for this category is meaningless, as it is based on only 60 inspections on 92 ships. 45

46 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in P&I STATUS WORLD FLEET GT 500 Table 73 - P&I world fleet GT 500 status : total number of ships, by type Source: Equasis Table 74 - P&I world fleet GT 500 status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type Source: Equasis Graph 69 - Number of ships GT 500, by P&I status Graph 70 - Gross tonnage of ships GT 500, by P&I status 46

47 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 75 - P&I status : total number of medium (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Table 76 - P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Graph 71 - Number of medium ships, by P&I status Graph 72 - Gross tonnage of medium ships, by P&I status 47

48 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 77 - P&I status : total number of large (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Table 78 - P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Graph 73 - Number of large ships, by P&I status Graph 74 - Gross tonnage of large ships, by P&I status 48

49 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 79 - P&I status : total number of very large (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) GT Table 80 - P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type Source: Equasis - (1) GT Graph 75 - Number of very large ships, by P&I status Graph 76 - Gross tonnage of very large ships, by P&I status 49

50 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in IGP&I AND AGE WORLD FLEET GT 500 Table 81 - IGP&I world fleet GT 500 : total number of ships, by type and age Source: Equasis Table 82 - P&I whole fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type and age Source: Equasis Graph 77 - IGP&I world fleet GT 500, by age Graph 78 - Gross tonnage of IGP&I world fleet GT 500, by age 50

51 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 83 - IGP&I : total number of medium (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Table 84 - IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Graph 79 - IGP&I medium ships, by age Graph 80 - Gross tonnage of IGP&I medium ships, by age 51

52 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 85 - IGP&I : total number of large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Table 86 - IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Graph 81 - IGP&I large ships, by age Graph 82 - Gross tonnage of IGP&I large ships, by age 52

53 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 87 - IGP&I : total number of very large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT Table 88 - IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT Graph 83 - IGP&I very large ships, by age Graph 84 - Gross tonnage of IGP&I very large ships, by age 53

54 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in NON IGP&I AND AGE WHOLE FLEET Table 89 - Non IGP&I world fleet GT 500: total number of ships, by type and age Source: Equasis Table 90 - Non IGP&I world fleet GT 500: gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type and age Source: Equasis Graph 85 - Non IGP&I world fleet GT 500, by age Graph 86 - Gross tonnage of non IGP&I world fleet GT 500, by age 54

55 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 91 - Non IGP&I : total number of medium (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Table 92 - Non IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Graph 87 - Non IGP&I medium ships, by age Graph 88 - Gross tonnage of non IGP&I medium ships, by age 55

56 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table 93 - Non IGP&I : total number of large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Table 94 - Non IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Graph 89 - Non IGP&I large ships, by age Graph 90 - Gross tonnage of non IGP&I large ships, by age 56

57 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table 95 - Non IGP&I : total number of very large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT Table 96 - Non IGP&I : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type and age Source: Equasis - (1) GT Graph 91 - Non IGP&I very large ships, by age Graph 92 - Gross tonnage of non IGP&I very large ships, by age 57

58 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in P&I AND FLAG WORLD FLEET GT 500 Table 97 - P&I world fleet GT 500 status : total number of ships, by type and flag 2011 Source: Equasis Table 98 - P&I world fleet GT 500 status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis Graph 93 - Total number of ships GT 500, by P&I status and flag Graph 94 - Gross tonnage of ships GT 500, by P&I status and flag 58

59 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 MEDIUM SHIPS Table 99 - P&I status : total number of medium (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Table P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of medium (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< Graph 95 - Total number of medium ships, by P&I status and flag Graph 96 - Gross tonnage of medium ships, by P&I status and flag 59

60 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 LARGE SHIPS Table P&I status : total number of large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Table P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT< Graph 97 - Total number of large ships, by P&I status and flag Graph 98 - Gross tonnage of large ships, by P&I status and flag 60

61 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 VERY LARGE SHIPS Table P&I status : total number of very large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT Table P&I status : gross tonnage (in 1000 t) of very large (1) ships, by type and flag Source: Equasis - (1) GT Graph 99 - Total number of very large ships, by P&I status and flag Graph Gross tonnage of very large ships, by P&I status and flag 61

62 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in SAFETY PERFORMANCE WHOLE FLEET GT 500 Table Whole fleet GT 500 detention rate (*), by type and P&I status Source: Equasis - (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections Table Medium (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and P&I status Source: Equasis - (1) 500 GT< (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections 62

63 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 4) The world merchant fleet in 2011 Table Large (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and P&I status Source: Equasis - (1) GT< (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections Table Very large (1) ships detention rates (*), by type and P&I status Source: Equasis - (1) GT (*) Detentions in Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, IO MoU and USCG divided by total number of inspections 63

64 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 5) The world merchant fleet in 2011 Chapter 5 5. Port State Control INTRODUCTION Port State Control authorities check the compliance with international conventions of foreign ships visiting their ports. Equasis includes inspection data provided by four of the regional Port State Control regimes, Paris MoU, Tokyo MoU, Indian Ocean MoU (IO MoU) and U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). The following tables show the level of annual inspections by the four regional Port State Control regimes which contributed to Equasis. Viña del Mar has joined Equasis but the data provided is not sufficient to cover the full year for Data from this provider will be introduced into next year s report. PSC SHIP TYPE As explained in Chapter 1, this chapter has been revised to use the PSC ship types employed during inspections, instead of the generic and commercial ship types used in the other chapters. However, for consistency reasons, the fleet considered is exactly the same as that used in other chapters. It means that some inspections are not counted in this chapter if the ship is not active anymore or if the ship has a commercial ship type that is considered to be out of the scope of these statistics. INSPECTED SHIPS Ships are subject to Port State Control inspections in most parts of the world but Equasis received data only from four PSC regimes. Some ships do not trade to countries involved in these four MoU or in some cases have not been inspected when they have visited them. In addition, some ships are not eligible for PSC inspections either because of their size or type, or they are only engaged in domestic trade. However, these vessels are mainly confined to the small ship size category. Therefore there is a portion of the eligible fleet without a Port State Control inspection record in Equasis. A significant portion of this without inspection record fleet, particularly those in the very large, large and medium ship size category could, potentially, be trading in the waters of these PSC regimes or are trading using ports in these areas. The inspection figures show the proportion of the fleet which have been inspected by one of the four PSC regimes in the last 3 years. Therefore the proportion of fleet that have not been inspected can be calculated. The figures are sorted by size and PSC type with details per age ranges, flag and P&I coverage. RECOGNISED ORGANISATIONS For the first time in these statistics, the Recognised Organisations are introduced in the latest part of this chapter. Recognised Organisations are Class Societies working on behalf of a flag state to survey ships under their flag and certify that they comply with the relevant international conventions. In Equasis, information about Recognised Organisations is provided through PSC inspections. Nowadays, only the Paris MoU and the Indian MoU provide this information to Equasis. Table 142 gives, for each type of certificate, the total number of inspections in which a statutory certificate has been recorded by the Port State Control Officer (PSCO). It also gives the number of inspections where this certificate is recorded by the PSCO by issuer (flag or RO). Please, note than during an inspection, several certificates are usually checked. Additionally a group of certificates in the table may refer to more than one certificate and each may be issued by 64

65 Equasis Statistics (Chapter 5) The world merchant fleet in 2011 different authorities. For these reasons, total figures cannot be easily deducted from Table 142 by summing lines or columns. The list of certificates by group is given in Annex IV. The group Other covers all unlisted certificates. RESULTS Table 114 reveals that of the ships over 500GT in the fleet covered by Equasis, 64% (32723) were inspected at least once in the period This equates to 87% by tonnage. For 2011, table 111 and 112 show that this proportion is 57% (28847). Table 111 shows that the number of individual ships inspected increased steadily in the period 2002 to In 2011, there is an increase in the number of individual ships inspected once. A possible cause is the New Inspection Regime in place in the Paris MoU region that modifies the targeting of ships to inspect them all on a regular basis, instead of a fixed proportion of 25%. inspections than those of non-targeted flags. Table 138 shows that issuers of statutory certificates are, in majority, Recognised Organisations that are member of IACS. Only 6% to 7% of the inspections of ships over 500GT have at least one certificate issued by a flag State, but about 96% have at least one statutory certificate issued by a Recognised Organisation that is member of IACS. Graph 136 shows that flag States play a bigger role, in proportion, for issuing certificates on ships from the very large size category. Table 142 shows that the involvement of flag States differs greatly depending on the statutory certificates. The Minimum Safe Manning Document (SOLAS/STCW) is the only statutory certificate that is, in majority, issued by the flag States. Flag States are also more involved in issuing the ISPS (that ensure security on ships), especially targeted flags. Flag States are more involved in SOLAS requirements while Recognised Organisations have almost a monopoly on MARPOL certificates. Regionally, table 112 and Graph 104 indicate that in 2011 there was a greater tendency towards multiple inspections of ships in the Tokyo MoU region than in the other regions. In contrast, in the Paris MoU, 80% of the inspections are done on different ships, which is a significant increase compared to 2010 (56%). This can also be explained by the New Inspection Regime in place in this region. Table 109 and 110 show that the majority of ships without an inspection record is in the small or medium ship size category (97% in number). By age, table 114 shows that older ships have been subjected to fewer inspections than newer ships. With respect to ships with IGP&I coverage, they have also been subjected to more inspections. The explanation for this is not evident, but a possibility would be that the majority of old ships and ships not covered by IGP&I are not operating in the regions for which Equasis has PSC data. Table 130 shows that, as expected, ships with targeted flags are subjected to more 65