Abortion: Worldwide Levels and Trends
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1 Abortion: Worldwide Levels and Trends Gilda Sedgh Stanley Henshaw Susheela Singh Iqbal Shah (WHO) Elizabeth Aahman (WHO)
2 Background Induced abortion is important from health, political, religious and rights perspectives Accurate information on abortion can inform policies and the public discourse
3 Objectives Estimate incidence and recent trends in Safe abortion (Guttmacher Institute) Unsafe abortion (WHO) All abortions worldwide and by region
4 Definitions Safe abortions (a) Abortions in countries where the law is not restrictive and (b) those that meet legal requirements in countries where the law is restrictive Unsafe abortions Abortions done by people lacking the necessary skills or in an environment that does not conform to minimum medical standards, or both
5 Definitions (2) Unsafe abortions, operational definition: (a) Abortions in countries where the law is restrictive and (b) those that do not meet legal requirements in countries where the law is not restrictive
6 Data sources Safe abortion: Official statistics, national surveys, experts Unsafe abortion: Hospital-based studies, community surveys, qualitative research Trends: 1995 estimates using comparable methods (Henshaw, Singh and Haas, 1999)
7 There were almost 42 million abortions in 2003, down from 46 million in 1995 Millions of abortions World Developing countries 10 7 Developed countries
8 The decline in the abortion rate is primarily in developed countries Abortions per 1,000 women aged World Developing countries Developed countries
9 Abortions declined dramatically in Europe Abortions per 1,000 women aged Africa Asia Europe Latin America North America
10 The biggest decline was in Eastern Europe Abortions per 1,000 women aged Eastern Southern Northern Western
11 The abortion rate in the US is higher than in Northern and Western Europe Abortions per 1,000 women aged US Sweden England France Denmark Norway Finland Netherlands Belgium Germany
12 Almost half of all abortions are unsafe % of all abortions World Africa Asia 52% 62% 100% 48% 38% Latin America Europe 3% 89% 97% North America 100% 0% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Safe Unsafe
13 Most abortions occur in Asia Europe 10% North America 4% Africa 14% Latin America & Caribbean 10% Asia 62% Abortions worldwide (42 million)
14 More than a third of all pregnancies are unintended, and one in five ends in abortion spontaneous abortions 15% 20% induced abortions 49% wanted births 16% unwanted or mistimed births Pregnancies worldwide (205 million)
15 Summary There were about 42 million abortions, or 29 abortions for every 1,000 women 15-44, in 2003 Most abortions occur in developing countries The abortion rate is comparable across regions The abortion rate has decreased most dramatically in Eastern Europe
16 Discussion points Level of abortion is not linked to legal status of abortion Other research has shown a strong link between abortion levels and prevalence of contraceptive use
17 Abortion declined as contraceptive use increased in the Russian Federation Percentage change since Percentage change in: % of women using modern methods 0 abortion rate Westoff 2005
18 Discussion points Other research also shows an association between the legal status and safety of abortion
19 Almost all abortion-related deaths occur in developing countries Deaths per 100,000 unsafe abortions, WHO Africa Asia Latin America & Caribbean 10 Developed countries
20 The incidence of abortion deaths in South Africa declined by 91% after change in law Number of abortion-related deaths, South Africa Jewkes
21 Policy implications Improved access to contraceptive services can decrease the incidence of abortion Making all abortions safe can reduce maternal mortality
22 Funding source and contact information Funding was provided by: World Health Organization World Bank For additional information:
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