SLP Annual Salaries and Hourly Wages

Transcription

1 SLP Annual Salaries and Hourly Wages For additional information, please contact Jeanette Janota, Surveys & Analysis Team American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Rockville, MD , ext

2 Contents Executive Summary...1 Salaries...2 Salary Basis...2 Excluded Groups...3 Academic-Year Salaries...3 Primary Employment Function...3 Years of Experience...4 Region of the Country...5 State...5 Population Density...5 Calendar-Year Salaries...6 Hourly Wages...6 Contract Employees...7 Salary Supplement...8 Student Debt...8 Survey Notes and Methodology...9 Response Rate...9 Survey Reports...9 Suggested Citation...9 Supplemental Sources...10 Additional Information...10 Thank You...10 Appendix...11 Regions of the Country...12 Table 1. Salary Basis...13 Table 2. Facility...13 Table 3. Median Annual Salaries by Salary Basis and Facility...14 Table 4. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Function and Facility...15 i

3 Table 5. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Region of the Country and Facility...16 Table 6. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Population Density and Facility...18 Figures Figure 1. Annual Salary or Hourly Wage...2 Figure 2. Employment Facility...2 Figure 3. Median Academic-Year Salaries for Clinical Service Providers by Type of Facility...3 Figure 4. Median Academic-Year Salaries in Elementary Schools by Years of Experience...4 Figure 5. Median Hourly Wage by Region of the Country for Contracted SLPs...7 Figure 6. Percentage With Student Debt by Years of Experience...8 Table Table 1. Median Academic-Year Salaries by State...5 ii

4 Executive Summary In the spring of 2014, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) conducted a survey of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and educational audiologists in school settings. The survey was designed to provide information about school based service delivery and to update and expand information gathered during previous Schools Surveys. The results are presented in a series of reports. This salary and wage report is based on responses from SLPs in special day/residential schools, preschools, elementary schools, secondary schools, administrative offices, and combined school settings. Overall Findings: 88% worked for an annual salary. 60% worked in elementary schools. Salaries for working 9 or 10 months averaged $60,000 in elementary schools. Median academic-year salaries for clinical service providers ranged from $60,000 in preschools, elementary schools, and combined school settings to $71,339 in day/residential schools. Salaries increased with years of experience in the profession and years of experience in the schools. California reported the highest median academic-year salary ($77,000); North Carolina, the lowest ($47,627). Suburban salaries tended to be higher than rural or urban salaries. Salaries for working 11 or 12 months averaged $72,107. The median hourly wage was $53.76, and the median number of hours worked weekly was 23. The median hourly wage for contract employees was $ More SLPs received a supplement for having their CCCs than for any other reason. For SLPs with student debt, the median amount was $20,000. 1

5 Salaries Salary Basis Based on the 1,694 SLPs who disclosed their salary basis, we estimate that 88% of school-based SLPs work for an annual salary and 12% work for an hourly wage (see Figure 1 and Appendix Table 1). Of the latter group, 161 were contract employees. Figure 1. Annual Salary or Hourly Wage 12% Annual salary Hourly Wage 88% n = 1,694 Salaries have traditionally been presented in ASHA reports as a function of various demographic characteristics, such as facilities, years of experience, and region of the country. More than half of the respondents worked in an elementary school (see Figure 2 and Appendix Table 2). Figure 2. Employment Facility 1% 12% 2% 7% 2% 4% 12% Day/residential Preschool Elementary Secondary Student's home Administrative office Combined 60% Other n = 1,686 2

6 Excluded Groups Ninety-two percent of SLPs who worked for an annual salary worked for an academic year (i.e., 9 or 10 months). Because the numbers of respondents who worked for a calendar year or who worked for an hourly wage were small, analyzing those groups according to demographic characteristics would result in cells smaller than 25 individuals, the minimum reportable response size. Therefore, most of the analyses in this report are limited to SLPs who worked for an academic year and were paid an annual salary. Several groups are included where totals are reported, but data are not presented for them in a separate category because fewer than 25 of them provided the necessary information. This is the case, for example, for the 14 SLPs who worked in a student s home, the 25 who worked in an other type of facility, and the 33 who held a doctoral degree. Although some of these groups are larger than 25, their results are not presented as separate groups when fewer than 25 of them answered a question. Clinical fellows are excluded from the report because the respondents were sampled from ASHA-certified SLPs, and clinical fellows are not yet certified. Academic- Year Salaries Primary Employment Function The overall academic year median salary was $61,000. The differences between types of facilities were not significant (see Appendix Table 3). The overwhelming majority (91%) of SLPs who worked full-time for an academic year reported that they were employed as clinical service providers. The median salaries for clinical service providers ranged from $60,000 in preschools, elementary schools, and combined school settings to $71,339 in special day or residential schools (see Figure 3 and Appendix Table 4). Figure 3. Median Academic-Year Salaries for Clinical Service Providers by Type of Facility Day/residential $71,339 Preschool Elementary $60,000 $60,000 Secondary $67,000 Combined $60,000 $55,000 $60,000 $65,000 $70,000 $75,000 n = 1,016 3

7 The median academic-year salary was $62,000 for special education teachers and $64,520 for administrators, supervisors, and directors (see Appendix Table 4). Years of Experience Academic-year salaries in elementary schools for both years of experience in the professions and years of experience in the schools are shown in Figure 4. Salaries tend to increase with experience but not in a straight line. Figure 4. Median Academic Year Salaries in Elementary Schools by Years of Experience $80,000 $70,000 $60,000 $50,000 Years in Professions Years in Schools n = 700 (years in professions), n = 706 (years in schools) Overall, the highest salaries were for SLPs with 28 or more years of experience in the professions ($73,000). By facility type, the highest median salaries by years of experience in the professions were: $67,539 in preschools, for SLPs with 25 or more years, $69,684 in combined school settings, for SLPs with 22 or more years, $72,484 in elementary schools, for SLPs with 28 or more years, $82,466 in secondary schools for SLPs with 25 or more years (not shown in any table). When experience was limited to years only in the schools, the highest salaries were for SLPs with 28 or more years ($74,847). By facility type, the highest median salaries by years of experience in the schools were: $54,000 in combined schools, for SLPs with 4 to 12 years, $55,144 in preschools, for SLPs with 10 to 15 years, $72,740 in secondary schools, for SLPs with 16 to 24 years, $74,860 in elementary schools, for SLPs with 28 or more years. 4

8 Region of the Country Overall median annual salaries were highest in the Northeast ($72,000) and lowest in the South ($53,000). Median salaries in elementary schools ($70,000) and secondary schools ($76,000) were highest in the Northeast; but for preschools, they were highest in the Midwest ($60,000; see Appendix Table 5). State Fewer than third of the states had sufficient numbers of respondents to enable reporting of median academic-year salaries. Of that group, five states had median salaries greater than $70,000 (California, New Jersey, New York, Maryland, and Massachusetts), and one had a median below $50,000 (North Carolina; see Table 1). Table 1. Median Academic-Year Salaries by State California $77,000 Wisconsin $63,000 New Jersey $76,750 Ohio $58,500 New York Texas $56,000 $74,000 Maryland Georgia $55,336 Massachusetts $70,500 Virginia $55,000 Illinois Missouri $53,500 $70,000 Michigan Florida $52,200 Pennsylvania $68,500 North Carolina $47,627 n = 771 Population Density SLPs had higher average academic-year salaries in suburban areas than in other types of locales. The highest average academic-year salaries in both preschools ($64,000) and elementary schools ($65,000) were reported in suburban areas (see Appendix Table 6). 5

9 Calendar- Year Salaries Only 8% of the respondents to this survey who received an annual wage were paid for working a calendar year (i.e., 11 or 12 months). Their median salary was $72,107 (see Appendix Table 3). There are insufficient numbers of respondents to describe differences by demographic characteristics as extensively as was the case for academic-year salaries. The following are the exceptions: Median salaries for a calendar year averaged $71,000 elementary schools (see Appendix Table 3). Clinical service providers who worked for a calendar year reported a median salary of $70,000 (n = 68). (Data for this bullet point and the two that follow do not appear in any table.) Administrators/supervisors/directors who worked for a calendar year reported a median salary of $75,000 (n = 27). Median salaries were $75,000 (n = 34) in metropolitan/urban areas and $71,267 (n = 48) in suburban areas for SLPs who worked for a calendar year. Hourly Wages Of the SLPs who completed the survey, 12% received an hourly wage (see Appendix Table 1). Their median hourly wage was $53.76, and the median number of weekly hours worked was 23 (none of the data in the bullets below are reported in the appendix). The median hourly wage was $57.00 (n = 99) for SLPs who worked up through 23 hours a week and $47.61 (n = 92) for those working more hours. The median hourly wage was $48.00 in preschools (n = 44), $55.00 in elementary schools (n = 94) and $46.81 in secondary schools (n = 27). SLPs who worked up through 23 hours a week reported a median hourly wage of $57.00 in elementary schools (n = 38); those who worked more than 23 hours earned $48.45 an hour (n = 45). Clinical service providers reported an average wage of $54.04 (n = 196). When they were divided into two groups, those who worked up through 23 hours per week received $57.01 (n = 87), and those working more hours earned $47.22 (n = 83). SLPs who worked in the Midwest reported a median hourly wage of $44.76 (n = 28), compared with $50.00 in the South (n = 81), $57.03 in the Northeast (n = 61), and $60.00 in the West (n = 46). SLPs earned a median wage of $52.93 in urban areas (n = 77), $53.88 in suburban areas (n = 79), and $55 in rural areas (n = 50). 6

10 Contract Employees Of the SLPs who completed the survey, 11% were contract employees, and of that number 93%, or 161 individuals, received an hourly wage. Their median hourly salary was $ (Data for the bullets below do not appear in any table.) The median wage was $47.54 for contract employees in secondary schools (n = 26), $55.00 in elementary schools (n = 70), $60.00 in preschools (n = 30). Clinical service providers who were contract employees received an average hourly wage of $55.00 (n = 145). Median hourly wages for contracted SLPs varied by region of the country where they worked. There were too few (n = 18) contracted SLPs in the Midwest to present their data (see Figure 5). Figure 5. Median Hourly Wage by Region of the Country for Contracted SLPs Northeast $63.00 South $50.00 West $60.00 n = 141 $0.00 $20.00 $40.00 $60.00 $80.00 Contracted SLPs reported an average hourly wage of $55.00 in city/urban (n = 58) and rural areas (n = 38) and $57.00 in suburban areas (n = 60). 7

11 Salary Supplement SLPs were asked whether they received a salary supplement, stipend, bonus, or other type of salary upgrade and, if they did, the reason (not shown in any table). More SLPs received a supplement for having their Certificate of Clinical Competence (CCC) than for any of the other four reasons listed on the survey (24%). This was highest in administrative offices (40%) and lowest in special day or residential schools (20%), preschools (21%), and secondary schools (21%; p =.038). The second most common reason for receiving a supplement was for extra work, such as Medicaid billing or supervision (12%). This was highest in administrative offices (29%) and lowest in special day or residential schools (8%; p =.029). Approximately 5% received a recruitment/retention bonus, 3% received a bonus as a result of value-added assessment, and 2% received a bonus for providing bilingual services. Student Debt Overall, 27% of the SLPs said that they had unpaid student debt. The type of facility (p =.135) where they worked, employment function (p =.435), and region of the country (p =.189) made a no difference in their response. SLPs in rural areas (33%) were more likely to have student debt than those who worked in cities (26%) or suburbs (25%; p =.016; not shown in any table). Not surprisingly, the number of years of experience they had in the professions influenced their response. The more experience they had, the less likely they were to have student debt (p =.000; see Figure 6). 31 or more Figure 6. Percentage With Student Debt by Years Experience n = 1,683 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% The median amount of student debt for the 450 SLPs who said they owed some money was $20,000. Differences by facility were not significant. 8

12 Survey Notes and Methodology Response Rate Since 2004, ASHA has fielded the Schools Survey in even-numbered years to gather information of interest to the professions. Members, volunteer leaders, and staff rely on data from the Survey to better understand the priorities and needs of SLPs and educational audiologists. The survey was mailed in February 2014 to a random sample of 4,000 ASHA-certified SLPs and 500 ASHA-certified audiologists employed in school settings in the United States. Second and third mailings followed, at approximately 3- or 4-week intervals, to individuals who had not responded to earlier mailings. Of the total sample, 14 had bad addresses, 59 had retired, and 145 were ineligible for other reasons, which left 4,282 possible respondents. The actual number of respondents was 1,969, which represents a 46.0% response rate. Of the original 4,000 SLPs in the sample, 11 had bad mailing addresses, 53 had retired, and 135 were ineligible for other reasons, which left 3,801 possible respondents. The actual number of respondents was 1,786, a 47.0% response rate among SLPs. The results presented in this report are based on responses from the 1,786 SLPs. Survey Reports Results from the 2014 Schools Survey are presented in a series of reports for SLPs: SLP Caseload Characteristics SLP Annual Salaries and Hourly Wages SLP Workforce and Work Conditions Survey Summary Report SLPs Survey Methodology, Respondent Demographics, and Glossary, SLPs Results from the educational audiologists are presented in a separate report: Survey Summary Report Educational Audiologists. Suggested Citation American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2014) Schools Survey report: SLP annual salaries and hourly wages. Available from 9

13 Supplemental Sources American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (n.d.). Advocacy resource guide for the salary supplement initiative. Available from American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (n.d.). Advocating for higher salaries and extra benefits from your local school district. Available from American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (n.d.). Budget cuts: Maintaining speech-language pathology and audiology services in schools. Available from Salary data may also be available from other sources, such as state associations, state departments of education or labor, and school districts. Suggested sites include: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational outlook handbook, edition, Speech-Language Pathologists. Available from Council of Academic Programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders. (February, 2014) Salary Survey of graduate programs. Available from ive.pdf. Additional Information For additional information regarding the 2014 Schools Survey, please contact Deborah Dixon, director of ASHA s School Services, at , ext or ddixon@asha.org. To learn more about how the Association is working on behalf of school-based ASHA-certified members, visit ASHA s Schools webpages at Thank You ASHA would like to thank the SLPs who completed the 2014 Schools Survey. Reports like this one are only possible because people like you participate. Is this information valuable to you? If so, please accept invitations to participate in other ASHA-sponsored surveys and focus groups. You are the experts, and we rely on you to provide data to share with your fellow members. ASHA surveys benefit you. 10

14 Appendix: State Listings 11

15 Regions of the Country Northeast Middle Atlantic o New Jersey o New York o Pennsylvania New England o Connecticut o Maine o Massachusetts o New Hampshire o Rhode Island o Vermont South East South Central o Alabama o Kentucky o Mississippi o Tennessee South Atlantic o Delaware o District of Columbia o Florida o Georgia o Maryland o North Carolina o South Carolina o Virginia o West Virginia West South Central o Arkansas o Louisiana o Oklahoma o Texas Midwest East North Central o Illinois o Indiana o Michigan o Ohio o Wisconsin West North Central o Iowa o Kansas o Minnesota o Missouri o Nebraska o North Dakota o South Dakota West Mountain o Arizona o Colorado o Idaho o Montana o Nevada o New Mexico o Utah o Wyoming Pacific o Alaska o California o Hawaii o Oregon o Washington 12

16 Table 1. Salary Basis Q. 21 In your primary job, are you paid on an annual basis or an hourly basis? Select on response only. Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criterion: CCC-SLP Response Frequency Valid Percentage Annual salary 1, Hourly rate Total 1,694 Table 2. Facility Q. 19 Although you may work in several types of facilities, select the one type of building that best describes where you work all or most of the time. For individuals who work in private practice or Early Intervention, select the type of building in which you deliver most of your services. Only one answer can be accepted. (Percentages) Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time or part-time Response (n = 1,686) Special day/residential school 4.3 Pre-elementary (preschool) 12.4 Elementary school 59.8 Secondary school (middle school, junior high, senior high) 12.1 Student s home 0.8 Administrative office 2.4 Combination from the above list 6.8 Other, specify

17 ASHA 2014 Schools Survey: Salaries and Wages Report Table 3. Median Annual Salaries by Salary Basis and Facility 22. Your annual income from your job includes salary and payment for extra duties/responsibilities. If you are paid on an annual salary basis, what is your annual income for your main job, before all deductions? Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time Annual salary of at least $1 Response Facility Type Special Day/ Residential Preschool Elementary Secondary Admin. Office Combination Worked 9-10 months (academic year) All Facility Types (n = 29) (n = 118) (n = 744) (n = 140) (n = 14) (n = 74) (n = 1,134) 25th percentile $58,000 $48,000 $50,000 $55,000 $51,852 $50,999 50th percentile (Median) $71,791 $60,000 $60,000 $67,000 $57,000 $61,000 75th percentile $85,000 $70,000 $72,796 $79,282 $72,596 $74,000 (n < 25) Mean $71,788 $66,151 $62,873 $68,843 $63,435 $64,186 Standard deviation $15,958 $66,844 $16,741 $17,072 $17,829 $26,815 Mode $85,000 $70,000 $50,000 $72,000 $56,000 $50,000 Statistical significance: F (5, 1113) = 1.8, p =.105 Worked months (calendar year) (n = 13) (n = 18) (n = 29) (n = 5) (n = 15) (n = 11) (n = 98) 25th percentile $60,000 $60,000 50th percentile (Median) $71,000 $72,107 75th percentile $81,244 $81,000 (n < 25) (n < 25) (n < 25) (n < 25) (n < 25) Mean $71,117 $74,640 Standard deviation $14,262 $21,698 Mode $82,000 $75,000 Statistical significance: F (5, 85) = 3.6, p =

18 Table 4. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Function 22. Your annual income from your job includes salary and payment for extra duties/responsibilities. If you are paid on an annual salary basis, what is your annual income for your main job, before all deductions? Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time Worked for an academic year (9 10 months) Annual salary of at least $1 Function Special Day/ Residential Preschool Elementary Secondary School n Salary n Salary n Salary n Salary Clinical service provider 25 $71, $60, $60, $67,000 Special education teacher 1 Consultant Administrator/supervisor/ n < 25 n < n < 25 0 director Other $58, n < 25 Clinical service provider 2 Administrative Office Combined All Facility Types n Salary n Salary n Salary Special education teacher $60,000 1,032 $60, $62,000 Consultant 1 n < n < 25 Administrator/supervisor/ n < $64,520 director Other n < 25 15

19 ASHA 2014 Schools Survey: Salaries and Wages Report Table 5. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Region of the Country 22. Your annual income from your job includes salary and payment for extra duties/responsibilities. If you are paid on an annual salary basis, what is your annual income for your main job, before all deductions? Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time Worked for an academic year (9 10 months) Annual salary of at least $1 Region Special Day/ Residential Preschool Elementary Secondary School Northeast 14 n Salary n Salary n Salary n Salary $70, $76,000 Middle Atlantic 13 9 n < $69, n < 25 New England $70, $75,186 Midwest 6 50 $60, $62, $67,000 E. N. Central 3 32 $62, $65, $68,564 W. N. Central 3 18 n < $54,651 8 n < 25 South 5 n < $ $52, $53,949 E. S. Central $50,000 3 S. Atlantic $53, W. S. Central $53, n < 25 West $66, Mountain $52,921 7 Pacific $72, n < 25 (Table 5 continues on next page.) 16

20 ASHA 2014 Schools Survey: Salaries and Wages Report Table 5 (cont d). Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Region of the Country 22. Your annual income from your job includes salary and payment for extra duties/responsibilities. If you are paid on an annual salary basis, what is your annual income for your main job, before all deductions? Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time Worked for an academic year (9 10 months) Annual salary of at least $1 Region Administrative Office Combined All Facility Types Northeast 2 n Salary n Salary n Salary New England $71,000 n < 25 Midwest $61,000 South 11 n < $55, $53, $72,000 Middle Atlantic $73,000 E. N. Central $65,000 W. N. Central $55,000 E. S. Central $50,000 S. Atlantic $53,710 W. S. Central $53,000 n < 25 West $67,088 Mountain $55,000 Pacific $71,009 17

21 ASHA 2014 Schools Survey: Salaries and Wages Report Table 6. Median Annual Academic-Year Salaries by Population Density 22. Your annual income from your job includes salary and payment for extra duties/responsibilities. If you are paid on an annual salary basis, what is your annual income for your main job, before all deductions? Analyses limited to respondents who met the following criteria: CCC-SLP Employed full-time Worked for an academic year (9 10 months) Annual salary of at least $1 Population Density Special Day/ Residential Preschool Elementary Secondary School n Salary n Salary n Salary n Salary City/urban 9 34 $60, $60, $68,000 Suburban 19 n < $64, $65, $70,000 Rural 0 27 $53, $52, n < 25 Administrative Office Combined All Facility Types n Salary n Salary n Salary City/urban 6 12 n < $61,410 Suburban 6 n < $61, $65,000 Rural 1 22 n < $54,077 10/7/14 18