Sustainable mobility: the Italian technological challenge

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1 Sustainable mobility: the Italian technological challenge an innovative paradigm for a new vehicles' generation ANFIA-ANIE ANIE WORKSHOP Hannover Messe 2010, April 19th Ing. Pier Luigi Farina

2 DUCATI energia: : innovative solutions for urban mobility! Ing. Pier Luigi Farina Export manager Ing. Pier Luigi Farina

3 Established in Bologna 1926 Bologna ITALY Ludbreg CROATIA Busteni ROMANIA Pune INDIA

4 2010 product divisions DUCATI energia Electric Vehicles Generators Ignition Systems Power Factor Correction LV/HV Power, Motor & Lighting Capacitors Energy Analysers IT Systems

5 Electric + Hybrid vehicles

6 Main features Ducati designed and produces a light vehicle able to solve all the issues related to traffic restrictions and fuel FreeDUCk is available in 2 versions: ZEV = zero emission vehicle = electric HEV = hybrid emission vehicle = serial hybrid The electric version has an autonomy range of 50 Km (lead batteries) or 150 Km (lithium batteries) The hybrid version extend its autonomy to over 200Km with 5 liters fuel Recharge time: lead batteries 6h/8h lithium batteries 2h/3h The vehicle can be driven, according to actual Italian rules, by 14 yrs old people without helmet and seat belt.

range of 50 Km (lead batteries) or 150 Km (lithium batteries) The hybrid version extend its autonomy to over 200Km with 5 liters fuel Recharge time:

7 Performances Max speed: 45 km/h Brakes: 4 hydraulic disk brakes Transmission: direct on the wheels by two brushless electric engines of 2kW each The hub motor solution allows to eliminate all the losses connected to every mechanical transmission Weight: < 220 Kg Max load: 200 kg Luggage van: 200 liters max fuel engine (hybrid version only): 100cc 4 str. Dimensions length = 176 cm width = 91 cm height = 163 cm

connected to every mechanical transmission Weight: < 220 Kg Max load: 200 kg Luggage van: 200 liters

8 Serial Hybrid ICE FWG AC/DC I EM T Only the electric engine drives the vehicle, while the fuel engine produces power, thanks to an integrated alternator to charge the battery and/or supply the electric engine Main advantages: No links between fuel engine and transmission granting extreme flexibility of vehicle layout and cost savings B SERIAL HYBRID SOLUTION Functional sketch ICE= Internal Combustion Engine FWG= Fly Wheel Generator AC/DC= AC/DC Converter I= Inverter B= Battery Pack EM= Electric Machine T= Vehicle transmission The fuel engine doesn t follow the power requirement of the driver but could run at the most efficient rpm reducing consumption and emission

savings B SERIAL HYBRID SOLUTION Functional sketch ICE= Internal Combustion Engine FWG= Fly Wheel Generator AC/DC= AC/DC Converter I= Inverter B= Battery Pack EM=

9 Environmental impact GHG NOx PM Energy Efficency Fuel engine moped Free DUCk Contribution to reduce the atmospheric and acoustic pollution level caused by road traffic Total dropping of CO2 emissions in the electric version compared to a traditional fuel car; reduction of 76% in the hybrid version Real costs are about 0,01 /km equal to 0,5 for a complete recharge

Total dropping of CO2 emissions in the electric version compared to a traditional fuel car;

10 Developed during a technical partnership between MIT (Boston, USA), Ducati Energia (Bologna, ITALY) and the support of Italian Ministry of Environment Land and Sea

11 Copenhagen Wheel Hybrid e-bikee Ducati solution transforms ordinary bikes into hybrid e-bikes also working as mobile sensing units. Electronics, generator and batteries are integrated in the intelligent hub

12 Hybrid e-bikee Working principles: An electro-mechanical system measures the torque applied by the rider on the pedal. The electric motor provides a torque (assistance) which is proportional to the rider s effort: the engine will support the driver where is more necessary, for instance during an uphill System s operation: Standard: classic working without assistance. With the possibility to recover energy for batteries recharge during braking (KERS) Assisted: the motor assists the biker during pedaling with energy saving during brakes Fitness: the bike becomes an exercise bike, allowing the rider to choose between 3 levels of training effort. This way the engine operates as a generator recharging batteries while driving forward Technical specifications: Batteries: 48V- 6Ah, lithium polymer battery Motor: 350W, brushless Bluetooth, GPS, GPRS Electric KERS to recover kinetic energy during brakes for batteries recharge

operation: Standard: classic working without assistance.

13 Hybrid e-bikee The wheel is connected via Bluetooth to a smart phone and using a specific software the rider can manage the bike The rider can choose the level of pedal assistance during the run (lowmedium-high) A GPS connection allows to know the position, trace a path and analyze the riders performances Optional and special features: Air pollution sensors: CO, NOx, O3, humidity, temperature and noise Possibility to store the environmental data during their trips and share them on the web (e.g. social networking, etc.) Anti-theft device, via Bluetooth communication with the personal smartphone and GPS system provided for the localization Use of the smartphone as a navigation system. Measurement of the calories consumption

CO, NOx, O3, humidity, temperature and noise Possibility to store the environmental data during their trips and share them on the web (e.g. social networking, etc.

14 Interface between vehicles and network The integrated system for vehicles charging it is not a simple network of charging points, but an intelligent system able to interface and communicate with all utilities and providers which are part of the process itself. The integrated system interfaces and interconnects: End user / electric vehicle Power utility Service provider of charging network

with all utilities and providers which are part of the process itself.

15 Charging point for electric vehicles Service provider Data network 230 VAC Power utility

16 Thank you! Ing. Pier Luigi Farina

Improvements in noise mitigation of a postal delivery service: a comparison among hybrid, electric and conventional vehicles

Improvements in noise mitigation of a postal delivery service: a comparison among hybrid, electric and conventional vehicles Franco Cotana a Andrea Nicolini b Michele Goretti c University of Perugia 06125