Intermodality in Eastern Mediterranean: Evidence and Experiences

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Elwin Henry Ellis
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1 Intermodality in Eastern Mediterranean: Evidence and Experiences Stratos Papadimitriou Associate Professor University of Piraeus Piraeus, Greece 1

2 A simple but succinct definition Aktarma Yapmak (turkish): Change from one vehicle to another Actarmas (greek): Small vessel used to transfer passengers from ships laying ashore to the nearest port 2

3 The elevator case: relevance with passenger intermodality Level 60 Level 0 3

4 Calling in sequential nodes: analogies from the elevator example

5 Competition is a critical determinant of the availability of quality transport services Urban Transport Road Transport Ferry Operators Monopoly Oligopoly Perfect Competition Market Regulation Entry Barriers Exit Barriers 5

Transport Road Transport Ferry Operators Monopoly

6 Intermodal and intramodal transfers are key determinants of service quality and cost Transfer Time Waiting Time Challenges Include: High frequency service Coordination of schedules Timed transfers Proper amenities Reasonable cost - Reasonable Price Transit Time 6

Include: High frequency service Coordination of schedules Timed

7 The availability of information drives system operations and customer choices Elevator Control Center An Elevator Control Center knows: Where the elevators are Where demand is What re the demand preferences Where people in the elevator want to stop How close to capacity the elevator is (maybe) What time of the day it is (maybe) Start / finish of extraordinary events (maybe) Real Case A passenger wants to know: What is happening before the trip start Exactly how long the waiting time is The estimated time of arrival at the destination point The frequency of the vehicles / ships The estimated time of arrival at the nearest interconnection point Any extraordinary events (e.g. a traffic jam) upstream or downstream 7

events (maybe) Real Case A passenger wants to know: What is happening before the trip start Exactly how long the waiting time is The estimated time of arrival at the destination

8 The peaking problem: temporal abnormal increase in demand Demand Capacity Time How often do (not) we satisfy demand? Reservation problems in Unimodal and Intermodal Systems Availability of a Simple and Seamless Ticketing System 8

Reservation problems in Unimodal and Intermodal Systems

9 Intermodal Problems do arise This is more of a systemic problem with additional operational and business related problems, like: Overbooking practices Unfriendly terminals Regularity of sailings Often changes in scheduled arrivals / departures Unavailability of precise information Interconnection duration Uncomfortable (if any) lounges Passengers with disabilities 9

of sailings Often changes in scheduled arrivals / departures Unavailability of precise

10 and stem from: The underlying reasons for some of the transportation problems are many: i. Geography of the region (lengthy coast line) ii. iii. iv. Difficulties in setting up the (proper) network Absence of a central planning authority Difficulties in interregional and inter-national planning (political, cultural, socio-economic and legal issues) v. Setting up of cumbersome networks vi. vii. Level of the capital needed to build networks/ships/wagons Capacity constraints 10

Difficulties in setting up the (proper) network Absence of a central planning authority Difficulties in interregional

11 Are there any good practices? We can observe many Good Practices, mainly in the high demand islands where private companies operate with: i. Limited public intervention ii. iii. iv. Synchronization of the various stakeholders (buses, ferries, taxies) Abide strictly to the schedules Good level of demand (especially during off peak seasons) v. Good Consensus among stakeholders! 11

operate with: i. Limited public intervention ii. iii. iv.

12 Intermodality enablers include: Seamless exchange of information. Access to real time information about passenger behaviour Common information platform Information sharing among national rail companies, airlines, vessel and tourist operators Cross Border Information Extend the airline industry system for railways and the maritime sector Communications Ability Central Planning Authority Planning of the public transportation means Responsible to align different transportation authorities Achieve consensus on schedules 12

companies, airlines, vessel and tourist operators Cross Border Information Extend the airline industry system for railways and the

13 Thank you for your attention! 13

14 Comments, Questions? Stratos Papadimitriou Associate Professor University of Piraeus Piraeus, Greece Tel:

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