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1 %LVVLQR]LV.RQWURO YH<HQL*HOLúPHOHU 'U 0 FDKLW ( UL 1 %LVVLQR]LV SDPXN NHWHQ YH NHQHYLU JLEL ELWNLOHULQ LúOHQPHVL V UHFLQGH RUWD\D oõndq YH RUJDQLN WR]D ED OÕ RODUDN JHOLúHQ PHVOHNL ELU DNFL HU KDVWDOÕ ÕGÕU +DIWD VRQX WDWLOLQGHQ VRQUD LúH EDúODQÕODQ J QGH J VWH VÕNÕúPD KLVVL QHIHV GDUOÕ Õ JLEL VHPSWRPODUOD RUWD\D oõndq ELVVLQR]LV WR]OX RUWDPODUGD X]XQ V UH NDOÕQGÕ ÕQGD NDOÕFÕ VROXQXP \HWPH]OL L JHOLúPHVLQH QHGHQ RODELOPHNWHGLU 3DWRJHQH]L WDP RODUDN ELOLQHPHPHNOH ELUOLNWH SDPX XQ EDNWHUL\HO NRQWDPLQDV\RQX VRQXFX ROXúDQ HQGRWRNVLQOHULQ QHPOL HWNLVLQLQ ROGX X G ú Q OPHNWHGLU 7HNVWLO HQG VWULVL ELUoRN JHOLúPHNWH RODQ ONHGH ROGX X JLEL ONHPL]GH GH QHPOL HNRQRPLN VHNW UOHUGHQ ELULVLQL ROXúWXUPDNWDGÕU %X QHGHQOH ELVVLQR]LVLQ NRQWURO YH NRUX\XFX QOHPOHULQ DOÕQPDVÕQD DFLO LKWL\Do EXOXQPDNWDGÕU >7XUJXW g]do 7ÕS 0HUNH]L Anahtar Kelimeler: Bissinozis, pamuk tozu, toz kontrolü Byssinosis is an occupational disease of the lungs caused by an allergic reaction to the dust produced in the processing of cotton, flax, and hemp. It is characterised by chest tightness and breathlessness at work after the weekend break and may lead after several years of exposure to permanent respiratory impairment. The exact pathogenesis is unknown but endotoxins from bacterial contamination of the cotton are thought to be central in causing bronchial obstruction. The cotton textile industry is an importrant economic sector in Turkey, like other developing countries. Thus, there is an urgent need to take control and preventive measures in textile industry. [Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 1998;5(1):82-86] Key Words: Byssinosis, cotton dust, dust control *LULú Bissinozis pamuk, keten ve kenevir gibi bitkisel ND\QDNOÕ WR]ODUÕQ LQKDODV\RQX VRQXFXQGD ROXúDQ PHVOHNL ELU DNFL HU KDVWDOÕ ÕGÕU %LWNLVHO WR]ODU DHURVRO RODUDN LQKDOH HGLOGL LQGH KDYD \ROODUÕ YH DNFL HUOHUGH ELU orn ]DUDUOÕ HWNLOHUGH EXOXQDELOPHNWHGLUOHU %LWNLVHO WR] E Q\HVLQGH EXOXQDQ PDGGHOHULQ KDYD\ROODUÕ \ ]H\LQGHQ HPLOLPL \D GD DOYHROOHUH NDGDU XODúPDVÕ LOH IDUNOÕ UHDNVL\RQODU ROXúDELOPHNWHGLU %X UHDNVL\RQODUGDQ ELULVL GH J VWH VÕNÕúPD YH QHIHV GDUOÕ Õ JLEL VHPSWRPODUOD NDUDNWHUL]H RODQ YH Lú\HUL RUWDPÕQD JLULOGL LQGH RUWD\D oõndq ELVVLQR]LV KDVWDOÕ ÕGÕU %LVVLQR]LV W P G Q\DGD SDPXN YH GL HU WHNVWLO U QOHUL LOH odoõúdq LúoLOHUGH RUWD\D oõndelophnwhglu %DúODQJÕoWD DNXW VH\LUOL RODQ ELVVLQR]LV YDNDODUÕ X]XQ V UHOHU VRQXQGD NDOÕFÕ VROXQXP \HWPH]OL L JHOLúWLUPHNWHGLUOHU %LVVLQR]LV WHNVWLO YH oõuoõu IDEULNDVÕ LúoLOHULQGH J U OPHNWHGLU ' Q\DGD WHNVWLO VHNW U Q Q IDDOL\HW J VWHUGL L ELU çok ülkede bissinozise rastlanabilmektedir. En az \ ]\ÕOGDQ EHUL SDPXN LúoLOHULQGH ELVVLQRWLN VHPSWRPODUÕQ YDUOÕ ÕQÕQ ELOLQPHVLQH UD PHQ HSLGHPL\RORMLN RODUDN LON VLVWHPDWLN \DNODúÕP OL \ÕOODUGD 6FKLOOLQJ YH DUNDGDúODUÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ \DSÕOPÕú 1 øq Q hqlyhuvlwhvl 7ÕS )DN OWHVL +DON 6D OÕ Õ $QDELOLP 'DOÕ 0DODW\D 82

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5 %LVVLQR]LV NRQWURO YH \HQL JHOLúPHOHU 0 ( UL 4. 7RNJ ] 0 ø]plu SDPXN HQG VWULVLQGH ELVVLQR]LV SUHYDODQVÕ YH WR] VHYL\HOHUL dr DOWÕOPÕú 'RoHQWOLN 7H]L (JH hqlyhuvlwhvl 7ÕS )DN OWHVL 5. 7RSX]R OX ø %LVVLQR]LVLQ PHVOHN KDVWDOÕ Õ DoÕVÕQGDQ QHPL YH 7 UNL\H GHNL GXUXPX dr DOWÕOPÕú 'RoHQWOLN 7H]L $QNDUD 'R DQ ) %R]NXUW < 7RNJ ] 0 'LQoERVWDQFÕ 6 ø]plu E OJHVL LSOLN IDEULNDODUÕQGD SDPXN WR]X \R XQOX X Oo POHUL YH ELVVLQR]LV SUHYDODQVÕ (JH 7ÕS 'HUJLVL 7. 'ø( 7 UNL\H øvwdwlvwln <ÕOOÕ Õ 'Õú 7LFDUHWVD\ID 8. 'ø( øvwdwlvwlnohuoh 7 UNL\H 9. 7& ddoõúpd 6RV\DO * YHQOLN %DNDQOÕ Õ ddoõúpd +D\DWÕ øvwdwlvwlnohul 10. Jacops RR : Strategies for prevention of byssinosis. Am J Ind Med 1987;12: Takam J, Nemery B. Byssinosis in a textile factory in Cameroon: apreliminary study. Br J Ind Med 1988;45: &LQNRWDL )) 5ÕJE\ $ 3LFNHULQJ &$ 6HDERUQ ' 5HFHQW trends in the prevalence of byssinotic symptoms in the Lancashire textile industry. Br J Ind Med 1988;45: Christiani DC, Eisen EA, Wegman DH, Ting-ting Y, Zhi-chu G. Respiratory disease in cotton textile workers in the People s Republic of China. Environ Health 1986;12: Federal Register Occupational Safety and Health Administration: occupational exposure to cotton dust; final mandatory occupational safety and health standards. (Codified at 29. CFR ) NIOSH (1974, Revised 1996). Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to cotton dust. U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-NIOSH. (Internet address: : Merchant JA. Byssinosis: progress in prevention. Am J Pub Health 1983;73: Glindmeyer HW, Lefant JJ, Jones RN, Rando RJ, Abdel HM. Exposure-related declines in lung function of cotton textile workers: relationship to current workplace standards. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;144: WHO: Recommended health-based occupational exposure limits for selected vegetable dusts. Technical Report Series, No.684, El-Batawi MA, El-Din Shash S. An epidemiological study on the aetiological factors in byssinosis. Int Archiv Fur Gerwerbepath Gewerberhyg 1962;19: Schilling RSF, Vigliani EC, Lammers B, Valic F, Gilson JC. A report on a conference on byssinosis. In:XIVth International Congress of Occupational Health, Vol II. Excerpta Medica International Congress Series 1963;.62: Mc Dermott M, Skidmore JW, Edwards J. The acute physiologicali immunological and pharmacological effects of inhaled cotton dust in normal subjects. In:Proceedings of the International Conference on Respiratory Disease in Textile Workers. Alicante, Spain 1968: Mc Dermott M. Lung airways resistance changes due to inhalation of dusts and gases. Respiration 1969; 26: Merchant JA, Lumsden JC, Kilburn KH, Germino VH. Preprocessing cotton to prevent byssinosis. Brit J Ind Med 1973;30: Occupational Safety and Health Administration:occupational exposure to cotton dust; final rule. 50 Federal Register 27351,1985 (Codified at 29 CFR ). 25. Wakelyn PJ, Jacobs RR, Kirk IW. Washed cotton: cotton washing techniques, processing characteristics and health effects. LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, New Orleans Castellan RM. Evaluation of acute human airway toxicity of standard and washed cotton dusts. In: Wakelyn PJ, Jacobs RR, Kirk IW, eds. Washed cotton: cotton washing techniques, processing characteristics and health effects. LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, New Orleans 1986: <D]ÕúPD DGUHVL 'U 0 FDKLW (ö5ø øq Q hqlyhuvlwhvl 7ÕS )DN OWHVL +DON 6D OÕ Õ $%' MALATYA 86