Bioenergy in EU and Ukraine: 10 years of experience in cooperation and how to speed up the implementation of bioenergy systems

Transcription

1 8.th International Conference on Biomass for Energy September 25-26, 2012, Kiev, Ukraine Bioenergy in EU and Ukraine: 10 years of experience in cooperation and how to speed up the implementation of bioenergy systems by Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, Ph.D. Head of Center for Bioenergy og Green Engineering Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University Niels Bohrs vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg Cell; ~ search JBHN; 1

2 2

3 Source: European Commission 182 Mtoe can be achieved from biomass cultivated on 20% of arable land in EU-27. This corresponds to more than 10% of primary energy demand in 2020, equals 50-60% of the RES share. 3

4 Energy unit: PJ Biomass Windpower Solarpower ~0 -photovoltaic ~0 -passive ~0 Hydropower ~ Wave ~0 Geothermal ~0 Fossil fuels Total consumption VE pct ,2% 17,6% 19,4% % Source; JBHN Centre for Bioenergy, AAU, Esbjerg 2011, & Energistyrelsen, Energistatistik foreloebige tal

5 World energy scenarios Future goals No. Bioenergy potentials - terrestrial Predicted value Source 1. Non collected straw (50%) PJ/year Sanders J.: Biorefinery, the bridge between 2. Collected waste processing (50%) PJ/year Agriculture and Chemistry. Wageningen University and Researchcenter. 3. Forest/pastures (50%) PJ/year Workshop: Energy crops & Bioenergy % of arable land World Wide (20tTS/ha) 5. 20% of arable land World Wide (20tTS/ha) 6. 30% of arable land World Wide (20tTS/ha) Sum: PJ/y PJ/y PJ/y PJ/year Holm-Nielsen J.B., Madsen M., Popiel P.O.: Predicted energy crop potentials for biogas/bioenergy. Worldwide regions EU25. AAUE/SDU. Workshop: Energy crops & Bioenergy. Total energy consumption forcast Predicted value Source Total energy required year PJ/year Sanders J.: Biorefinery, the bridge between Agriculture and Chemistry. Workshop: Energy crops & Bioenergy. Total energy demand year PJ/year Shell s World Energy Scenario 5

6 Comparison of the basic principles of the petroleum refinery and the biorefinery, Source: Kamm et al Two-platform biorefinery concept Source: NREL 2006, Biomass Programm, DOE/US] 6

7

8 Straw and woodchips handling in large scale, need to be sharp in logistics The Energy and Agricultural sectors needs stronger commitments and cooperation ties

9

10 10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23 Biogas and biogas + separation, upgrading facilities Animal manure from farming problems to society resources! 23

24 CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF AGRICULTURAL BIOGAS PLANTS THE POLDANOR EXPERIENCE 24

25 BIOGAS PLANTS DEVELOPMENT in operation under construction planned 25

26 Relations before and after building up a biogas plant Electrical Grid (supplier) Electricity + Heat production Biogas Pig production Plant & Digested manure Arable Production Chemical fertilizer & Manure With out biogas Full Biogas Integration 26

27 27

28 Production start: Power: kw el Substrates: Manure 150 t/day Silage 110 t/day Other 4 t/day Biogas production: ~ m 3 / day Annual energy production: ~ MWh Budowa biogazowni rolniczej w Koczale - projekt współfinansowany ze środków Narodowego Funduszu Ochrony Środowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej 28

29 29

30 Utilization of the post-fermented mass as natural fertilizer, using the soil injection method Highly efficient logistics, only spring application 30

31 CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF A BIOGAS PLANT - OBSTACLES Organizational- Technical Legal Financial 31

32 Protests against construction of a biogas plant? The most common reasons: behavioral attitude (new = danger) ignorance of the technology anxiety of bothersome smell anxiety of bothersome conveyance anxiety of gas explosion and fire anxiety of leakage and soil/water contamination 32

33 Thank you for your attention! Q & A s R, D & D cooperation partners; AAU Energy Technology, Denmark: Bioenergy Research Group; - Ane Katharina Paarup Meyer, Ehiaze Augustine Ehimen, Michael Madsen, Kim H. Esbensen, Felicia Nkem Ihunegbo (HIT), Saqib Sohail Toor, Lasse A. Rosendahl UMB, Norway: Biogas and Bioenergy Center; - Kristian Fjørtoft, Maria Magdalena Estevez, Magdalena Bruch, Zehra Sapci, John Morken. FHF, Germany; Biogas R&D group - Lars Jürgensen, Thorsten Philips, Jens Born Poldanor Ltd., Poland; Biorefinery test-platform Benny Laursen, Pawel Krawat, Bjarne Møller, Grzegorz Brodziak. Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, Ph.D., Associate Professor Center for Bioenergy and Green Engineering, Head of Energy Section Esbjerg Campus, Institute of Energy Technology, Aalborg University Cell: jhn@et.aau.dk 34

34 35

35 Energy crops - Paradigm shift through land productivity and energy balance; Crop productions needs large changes! The Sun as energy source Special energy crops that use the entire vegetation period Total digestion of the whole plant Nutrient cycle possible Low Input - High Output Fermenter Digested plant residue Large installations work efficiently and are friendly towards the environment Upgrading of biogas enables complete utilisation of the crop (the gas can be stored) Biorefineries;biothanol/biogas/ biodiesel and higher value products Source: KWS, D Biogas Gas cleaning Heat Electricity Fuel 36

36 37

37 AD Co-digestion - heterogeneous feedstock s - Manure - Food waste - Organic by-products - Crops 38

38 Energy potential of pig and cattle manure in EU-27 Total manure Biogas Methane Potential Potential [10 6 tons] [10 6 m 3 ] [10 6 m 3 ] [PJ] [Mtoe] 1,578 31,568 20, Methane heat of combustion: 40.3 MJ/m 3 ; 1 Mtoe = 44.8 PJ Assumed methane content in biogas: 65% Biogas Production & Forecast: Actual 2008 production of biogas in EU 27: 7 Mtoe EU forecast 15 Mtoe Manure potentials Mtoe Organic waste and byproducts Mtoe Crops and crop residuals Mtoe Total long term forcast Biogas 60 Mtoe Biogas can cover 1/3 of EU s total RES 20% demands year

39 Source: T. Al Seadi, Department of Bioenergy, SDU, Denmark

40 Source: T. Al Seadi, Department of Bioenergy, SDU, Denmark

41 Ribe Biogas; 15 years of production, m3 biogas/day.. Source J. B. Holm-Nielsen, Bioenergy Dept., SDU, Denmark.

42 Biogas and separation Big perspectives liquid and gaseous separation

43 44

44

45

46 47

47 48

48 MEC konceptet Udnyttelse af synergi i råvareomsætning og procesanlæg Transportbrænds tof Biogas El & varme Biomasse 2 G. Bioethanol Biomasse Kraftvarme VE - gas Gødning

49 Tomorrow Today A new research focus is the sugar platform Straw Residues Advanced pre-treatment Sugar 'Starch None or minor pre-treatment Production of sugar based on sustainable biomass Valuable renewable chemicals and biomaterials New Danish advanced and specialised technology industries 50

50 51