Cord Blood, Cord Life

Transcription

1 投 稿 類 別 : 英 文 寫 作 類 篇 名 : Cord Blood, Cord Life 作 者 : 詹 苡 廷 國 立 台 中 家 商 應 用 外 語 科 三 年 二 班 張 詠 婷 國 立 台 中 家 商 應 用 外 語 科 三 年 二 班 賴 雅 云 國 立 台 中 家 商 應 用 外 語 科 三 年 二 班 指 導 老 師 : 廖 明 珠

2 Abstract In the past few years, the technology of medical in Taiwan didn t provide a good guarantee for people. At that time, Taiwan s public transportation is not more convenient than other countries, people got some diseases couldn t get more assurance. Now, with the rapid development of the technology of cord blood, more and more scientists have proceeded many experiments about cord blood, and some of the scientists have proved that the beneficial that cord blood bring to us. Many mothers in Taiwan are getting used to preserving cord blood for their children. Keyword: cord blood mesenchymal progenitors osteoclasts cell culture i

3 Table of Contents Abstract i Catalog ii I. Introduction I.1. Background I.2. Motivation I.3. Research Questions I.4. Literature Review I.4.1. The advantage of using the cord blood I.4.2. The disadvantage of using the cord blood I.4.3. Using the hematopoietic cells II. Research Methods II.1. Participants II.2. Instruments II.2.1. Questionnaire II.2.2. Interview II.3. Procedures III. Findings III.1. The understanding of men for cord blood III.2. It s the understanding of women for cord blood III.3. Public preferences for various cord blood banks III.4. The willingness of different industries for storing cord blood III.5. The factors which affect the general public to store cord blood IV. Conclusion V. References ii

4 I. Introduction I.1. Background During the growth of the fetus in the mother's body, umbilical cord is a line connecting the fetus and the mother. is still a lifeline when it needs medical assistance. medical waste. With the advancement of medical technology, the umbilical cord Cord blood is used to be regarded as According to the recent development in biotechnology, researchers discovered that umbilical cord blood has plentiful stem cells, and the function of these stem cells can replace bone marrow transplant as many blood and immune or metabolic disorders treatment. Every new-born cord blood has become the stem cell collection and an important source in cord blood transplantation. As the hematopoietic stem cells in the adult were preserved in the bone marrow, so scientists initially use the bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cell to transplant. example, in 1988, the first successful case of human umbilical cord blood transplant treatment was Franconi s, which created the first case of human umbilical cord blood transport. With the development of the umbilical cord blood transplants, people have more choices to contact the unrelated cord blood transplantation, and establish a cord blood bank in advance. Currently, there are many cord blood in the world for transplantation of umbilical cord blood. I.2. Motivation In the past few years, umbilical cord blood has been viewed as the litter on the medical science, no one will notice its existence, but these days, researches indicate that there are plenty of stem cells in it. For Now, cord blood can be applied extensively in the medical science, and it can save lots of people suffering from disease. What does umbilical cord blood means? umbilical cord after the birth of the baby. It is the blood that is left in the placenta and The cord blood contains stem cells. These stem cells have been shown to help treat diseases like leukemia and other diseases, much like bone marrow. The good news is that stem cells have a lower rate of rejection than bone marrow. These stem cells are collected in the cord blood immediately after birth. The baby s umbilical cord is cut and the cord blood is removed by a syringe. It does not cause pain for either the mother or the baby. people. Now, most scientists have proved that umbilical cord blood can bring a lot benefits for The purpose of the study is let us have a better understanding about umbilical cord blood and its application. We want to know how it can apply in biology technology and we also want to know how they do to achieve their goal. 1

5 I.3. Research Questions Why does cord blood become a well-known term all over the world? of conserving cord blood are reasons why it becomes a trend. The meanings With the rapid development of medical science, cord blood can be more widely applied to a variety of diseases. Therefore, we want to realize it through present researches. Although the cord blood industry is more and more prosperous, many parents still have doubts about if preserving cord blood will really take effect in the future. elements to choose to preserve it or not? Question1: What are the advantages of preserving cord blood? Question2: What are the disadvantages of preserving cord blood? But what are the Let us help you unveil the considerable mysteries. Question3: What are the diseases which can be treated with cord blood and the scope of the related study in recent years? Question4: What are the elements for patents to choose whether to preserve cord blood or not? I.4. Literature Review I.4.1. The advantage of using the cord blood I Source easy to get Basically, the umbilical cord blood can be taken from each infant, and it will not harm the baby, Umbilical cord blood come from the umbilical cord of the normal delivery of the fetus and placenta, expect for childbirth fever higher than 38 degrees, a lying-in woman who has severe anemia, meconium in the amniotic fluid, erythrocyte hypersensitive, a lying-in woman who has HBV HCV HIV not suitable and so on, other normal placenta or umbilical cord are good ways to be used. I Cell vitality is strong marrow. The capability of cord blood stem cells is higher than other stem cells which are in the I Purity The umbilical cord blood isn t affected by the medicine or environment, such as cytomegalovirus, which is called CMV, and it is harmless to the human kind, but it may cause user to death. On the contrary, with the filtration of the placenta, there is almost no CMV in it. I Low rejection and tissue compatibility The ability to identify is low, allowing the HLA between providers and users different. So, when doing Allograft, its rebel degree will be slight in degree, I Cost is low Bone marrow transplant at least cost more than twenty-five million U.S. dollars. 2 The

6 collection of the cord blood needs to inject growth hormone for five days constantly, and use a Blood cell separator to collect the stem cells which come from vein. Bone marrow transplant is usually higher than other transplant methods. I.4.2. The disadvantage of using the cord blood I Limited of its number For the reason, When doing transplantation requires thinking of the patient's weight, a cord blood contains hematopoietic stem cells. Just give a weight for children under 40 kg. Although the cord blood can be transplanted to the adult people, but larger (older) recipient is as effective as smaller(younger). I Gene deletion Gene deletion will lead acceptor to get sick. But some disease may be apparent in few months or several years. identity is necessary. I Easy to infect Between the cord blood donators and the acceptor, long term However, it may cause the donator s information disclosed. After embedding, it needs long time to recover so that the risk of infection is very high; therefore, it also needs long time to be in hospital and be isolated. I.4.3. Using the hematopoietic cells Since hematopoietic stem cells have self-renewal capacity, it is very important for patients who have a congenital genetic defect. The hematopoietic stem cells have the ability of the blood cells differentiation, and it requires only a small number of stem cells transfected with the target gene, and then the differentiated cell can use it to carry exogenous genes and play a therapeutic role. The hematopoietic stem cells having the ability of the faculties blood cells differentiation, and it requires only a small number of stem cells transfected with the target gene, and then the differentiated cell can use it to carry exogenous genes and play a therapeutic role. Many diseases are related to hematopoietic abnormalities, such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia, if the defective gene can be brought into hematopoietic stem cells, then it can relieve symptom. In recent years, the technology of hematopoietic stem cell separation and purification, and cryopreservation technology have been matures, and it make blood stem cells provide technical assurance in gene therapy. ADA, Gaucher disease, HIV flu and the therapy of cancer. II. Research Methods II.1. Participants So far, hematopoietic stem cells have been used in 3

7 According to our research, we mainly choose teenagers, and the ages range from thirty to fifty, we want to choose these people because we want to know the youngster and adults opinion about cord blood. II.2. Instruments II.2.1. Questionnaire We wrote a questionnaire for different-age people to fill in. The main significance we designed is to know the impression that cord blood gives different people. II.2.2. Interview A few pregnant women examined in Jen-Ai hospital in central Taiwan were selected to participate in this study for the survey. We intend to interview some parents to help us understand what their points are on cord blood, and it will help us do more smoothly on our research. II.3. Procedures This study primarily comprehended a survey, including one set of questionnaire concerning the pros and cons of storing cord blood, the applications of cord blood, and the elements for every parent to decide if they will preserve cord blood. Furthermore, in order to explore more deeply about whether the public being familiar with cord blood to a certain extent and the impression that cord blood makes on parents, we did interviews conducted with the parents of newborns as well. III. Findings III.1. The understanding of men for cord blood According to the figure 1, we can find that the ages over fifty are more understanding on the cord blood knowledge,they got three points. Those people that ages between forty one to fifty occupy 50 percents. They got two points.they are less understanding than the older people.the 8 percents of people between twenty one to thirty are the best understanding on cord blood, it is because those people are students, they have absorbed much knowledge including biotechnology medical and so on. blood on the advertisements or heard them on the radio. They may see about the cord 4

8 III.2. The understanding of women for cord blood Figure 1 The understanding of men for cord blood According to figure 2, we can find that the ages between twenty one to thirty are more understanding on the understanding of the cord blood. They are three points.the ages under twenty are also understanding the knowledge of cord blood,but the y still have little distance contrat with the older people. The ages between twenty one to thirty are understand cord blood well,and we find that women are generally more understand cord blood than men,because they are more concern about their children than men. Figure 2 The understanding of women for cord blood 5

9 III.3. Public preferences for various cord blood banks Additionally, according to figure 3, we find that HealthBaby is about 45%, which has more reputation than other two cord blood banks. It may attribute to its company s good policy and cord blood application technology, so it can convince many people, which lets them more trust on it. The least famous cord blood company is Hueng-Sheng, we can conclude that it is because it has less knowledge and technology in the biotechnology, so it can require less trust from people, the Shung-Lian occupy 30 percents, it also has the good technology and reputation. Perhaps in the future, Shung-Lian may win more people s trust. III.4. The willingness of different industries for storing cord blood From the three charges above, we can realize the proportion of different industries storing cord blood. First, the highest rate is medical, and why do they choose to store cord blood? Figure 3 Public preferences for various cord blood banks Most students are willing to conserve the cord blood for their children in the future because they think that although it is very expensive to conserve cord blood, it can be more secure to let their children fight against the rare diseases if they got them in the future. 6

10 Figure 4 The willingness of different industries for storing cord blood III.5. The factors which affect the general public to store cord blood According to figure 5, we can also find that the factor for public to conserve cord blood mainly depends on its expense, it is about 30% on the picture; on the other hand, the rate of using in the future seems not that important for people to consider. We can also find that the benefits that the cord blood bring to people are still cause many people have suspicious on it, it may because the experts do not proposal enough convincing proof to people to believe, and the benefits that the cord blood bring to us is still be prove. Figure 5 The factors which affect the general public to store cord blood 7

11 IIII. Conclusions The value of cord blood gradually increases with the lapse of time. In the past, cord blood was only thought of as the waste of childbirth. In these days, however, it is viewed as a treasure which can be extensive used. Because hematopoietic stem cells which cord blood contains can make up congenital genetic defects, they are extensive applied to some diseases such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. According to the results of our research, most people think themselves have normal understanding of cord blood. In the findings of the questionnaire, we can get some information. First, we can infer that women have much more knowledge of cord blood with about 22.2% men (please look at figure 1) consider themselves know cord blood very much (get 4 points), and about 10% women (please look at figure 2) consider themselves have very in-depth understanding of cord blood (get 5 points). Second, we can know that the most well-known cord blood bank (please look at figure 3) in Taiwan is HealthBaby (about 45% people chose it) and the secondary one is Bionet (about 30% people chose it). Third, we can know that people whose job is about medicine and students are more willing to conserve cord blood (please look at figure 4). Fourth, the factor affects people whether to conserve cord blood or not the most is its cost. Human beings are social animals, so they cannot be separated from each other forever. As a result, we can take cord blood for example to deduce that human connect to human in a mysterious way. Last but not least, just as the name of our topic Cord Blood, Cord Life implies, cord blood comes from the birth of a new life, and it also can rescue the original life all over the world, so life can continue to extend and will never fade. 8

12 V. References Storch, A (2001). Cord Blood. Experimental Neurology, 171(6), Erices, A & Conget, P & Minguell, J.J. (2008). Blood. British journal of haematology,37(2), Wiley Online Library Broxmeyer, H.E. (1989). Blood Cells. HA Messner, 86(10), Romanor,Y.A.(2003). Stem Cell, Wiley Online Library 9