Automated Identification Technologies

Transcription

1 Spec 2000 ebusiness Forum Automated Identification Technologies Jon Andresen President Technology Solutions Budapest, Hungry 23 October 2008

2 Agenda 1. AIT Chapter 9 Intro - Jon A. AIT Business Case 2. RFID Business Case - Michael A. Chapter 9-5 RFID on Parts Intro and Status - Michael 3. Technology Readiness A. Technology/Product Status - Matsuda B. Technology Implementation a Reader Application C. SITA Demo a global realization of visibility and traceability of aircraft parts

3 Lots of different AutoID Technologies AWHGEAA$0F00090XX Code 39 Passive RF Tag Code 128 PDF417 Active RF Tag MaxiCode Data Matrix Contact Memory Button 2007 EPCglobal North America Armed Forces ID Card Common Access Card Optical Memory Card 3

4 Presentation Focus Focus is on several AutoID technologies that will make your Spec2000 business processes much more effective! 1D bar codes * GU R U * 2D bar codes RFID tags

5 Bar Code Technology - What is it? Bar code technology is a fast, accurate way to enter data into a computer It works by reflected light from the bars and spaces, similar to Morse Code. It is important to note that bar codes do NOT track parts, computer systems track parts. Bar codes just makes data input very effective. Bar code technology is inexpensive, flexible, based upon, standards, and is available worldwide.

6 Benefits of Bar Code Usage Manual Data Entry Bar Code Data Entry Time Accuracy Time Accuracy 1) Touch typists average 1 error every 30 characters 2) Bar code readers average 1 error every 3 Million characters!

7 How much faster is Bar Code Data Entry?

8 But that is nothing! How much improvement comes with accuracy? 2000 Cost to fix an error 5 Cost to make an error 0

9 Spec2000 Use Cases for 1D Bar Codes Bar Coded Shipping Labels Bar Coded Data Plates Code 128 or Code 39 are approved symbologies

10 Bar Coded Shipping Labels - receipt process Benefits: Parts are shipped and received quickly and accurately (no typos!) by reading the bar code label Invoices are paid sooner - accurate data Minimum data standard necessary to receive parts: CPO - Customer PO # PNR - Part Number SHQ - Shipped quantity UNT - Unit of issue (ea, lb, box, etc.) Text Element Identifiers are detailed in the SPEC 2000 Data Dictionary Bar codes can be printed on packing sheets, gummed labels, etc.

11 2D Bar Codes More data in smaller space Reading technology is more sophisticated 1D bar codes need high contrast between black bars and white spaces 2D bar codes are read with a digital camera Allows a very low contrast between what is on and off dots Allows us to use Direct Part Marking (DPM) to permanently mark the metal parts i.e., for all parts that can t have a data plate Data Matrix is the only 2D bar code symbology approved

12 Wedge readers are easy! Your software thinks data is coming from the keyboard So you don t have to change every software application!

13 Data Capture Scanning Devices

14 Wedge Reader Devices

15 Hand Held Terminals & Computers

16 How about printing bar codes? Print with: Thermal Transfer Bar Code Printers Inkjet printers Laser Printers (office) YAG Lasers (for metal data plates) Outside vendors can supply labels and data plates in your exact formats

17 Printer Options Desktop Portable Industrial

18 So Let s Get to the New Stuff RFID! Advantages of RFID With bar codes you could only read; with RFID you can also write data Automated reads; Reduced human intervention Robust, reasonable operating distance No line of sight required Simultaneous identification of multiple items Can provide a small, local database on the item and have current data

19 Limitations of RFID More expensive than some other AIDC technologies Physics still has real limits that challenge technology Metals but we have solved this one! Liquids You can t see where the radio waves are bouncing You can t use RFID to count things

20 An RFID System has 4 basic components Tags Antenna Reader Host Computer Device made up of an electronic circuit and an integrated antenna Portable memory RF used to transfer data between the tag and the antenna Read-only or read/write Active or passive Usually attached to specific items Receives and transmits the electromagnetic waves Wireless data transfer Communicates with the tag via antenna Interprets radio waves into digital information Provides power supply to passive tags Receives commands from application software Also referred to as an interrogator in some markets Provides data to be written to tags Stores and evaluates data obtained from tags Links the transceiver to an applications, e.g. ERP Critical to control a network of readers centrally 2007 EPCglobal North America 20

21 Radio Communication Transmitter and receiver. Electronics plus antenna. Transfer of: Energy Information Transmitter Antenna Receiver 2007 EPCglobal North America 21

22 Multiple Tags and Multiple Readers Need to prevent collisions. When two simultaneous transmissions interfere. Singulate tags using anti-collision protocol. Probalistic approaches. Deterministic, reader querying (treewalking). Singulated tags become silent EPCglobal North America 22

23 Near-field and Far-field Communication Two very different mechanisms for electromagnetic communications Can think of as electromagnetic versus magnetic. Far-field (electromagnetic) Long distances or high frequencies (e.g. UHF). More sensitive to environment (e.g. metal, water). Near-field (magnetic). Short distances and low frequencies (e.g. LF or HF) Most UHF tags also has this component 2007 EPCglobal North America 23

24 Portable RFID Readers

25 This is it! RFID Chip Size

26 12.5 mm (2 ) 96 bits RFID Tags 25 mm (2 ) 512,000 bits Here s the RFID chip 512 bits

27 What Spec2000 is Doing Different! - Rest of world has to read a number in the RFID tag and look it up in a database somewhere to know what it is - Spec2000 is writing ASCII (human readable) data directly into the tag - it can be read/written at point of use - Mechanic can make sense of the data - do not have to be connected to the Internet - minimizes involvement of IT department in getting current data to mechanic who needs it - mechanic can share observations that only he knows - brings more data resources to mechanic

28 Spec2000 RFID standards-based EPC C1G2 standard = ISO/IEC C Spec2000 Chapter 9 uses these standards - standard readers This is what Spec2000 is - standard tags using that is different, but it is still part of the User Memory standard! Tag ID EPC / UII Reserved - passwords - RFID mindshare - cheap, 96-bit tags - data is non-intelligible - throwaway, shipping label for logistics

29 Spec2000 RFID Standard

30 Low Memory Record Descriptors ToC Header RD 0 RD 1 RD 2 RD 3 Free Space Overview of Tag Memory (High Capacity Tag) Record 3 Record 2 Record 1 Record 0 This area is defined and reserved when the chip is first commissioned by the company applying the tag to a part. High Memory Record Preamble Data Record CRC Record Preamble Data Record CRC Record Preamble Data Record CRC Record Preamble Data Record CRC ToC Trailer Part History (Type 4) Part History (Type 4) Part History (Type 4) Birth Record (Type 1) Archival Data Rewriteable Data Mechanic Comments (Type 3) Current Data Record (Type 2) End of User-defined Memory OEM mfgr. area Password protected Chip mfgr. area End of Physical Memory

31 Low Memory Use Cases Generally used on less expensive, less permanent items: for example: Life vests Oxygen bottles Medical kits Smoke masks Flash lights Anything that just needs a limited amount of data, like expiration date

32 High Memory Tags Used on items that: Are more expensive Will have lots of maintenance history Are more permanent and will last for a decade or more

33 What is Traceability? The ability to show where a part has been since it was manufactured/last certified. How do you get it? By sharing data with others Customers, Suppliers, distributors, repair agencies, and, yes, even Competitors!

34 Parts (and Data) Flow Everywhere! Customer A Reliability Database Customer B ODBC Links or web services Customer C Repair Agency Internet Supplier 1 Traceability DB Supplier 2 Traceability DB Supplier 3 Traceability DB

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36 AutoID Summary Primary advantage of AutoID technologies 10x improvement in data entry speed Prevents you from making mistakes 2000x improvement in data accuracy ID bar codes easy, simple, inexpensive 2D bar code 10x more data in less space RFID can read behind/through things, can write data, 100x more data than 1D bar codes

37 Agenda 1. AIT Chapter 9 Intro - Jon A. AIT Business Case 2. RFID Business Case - Michael A. Chapter 9-5 RFID on Parts Intro and Status - Michael 3. Technology Readiness A. Technology/Product Status - Matsuda B. Technology Implementation a Reader Application C. SITA Demo a global realization of visibility and traceability of aircraft parts

38 Thanks for your attention! Jon Andresen Technology Solutions