Houston-Galveston Area Council. Disaster Recovery Housing Needs Assessment. Round 2 Phase 2 Funding

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1 Houston-Galveston Area Council Disaster Recovery Housing Needs Assessment Round 2 Phase 2 Funding Disaster Recovery Community Development Block Grant Funding DR-1791 Hurricanes Ike & Dolly Prepared by The Houston-Galveston Area Council For The State of Texas General Land Office September 13, 2011

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION METHODS HOUSING PROGRAM LEVEL ANALYSIS H-GAC Sub-Regional Program Austin County Brazoria County Matagorda County Walker County Waller County Chamber County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties Fort Bend County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties Galveston County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties City of Galveston Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties Harris County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties i

3 3.7 City of Houston Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties Liberty County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties Montgomery County Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Program Awards Areas of Concentrated Poverty, Ethnicity and Race Homeowner Opportunity Program Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage Alignment with LMI Demographics Consideration of Rental Properties LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A - FEMA Housing Damage Data Appendix B - Poverty, Ethnicity, Minority Concentration Summaries Appendix C - Disaster Recovery Programs Awards Data Appendix D - Comprehensive Needs Assessment Data Appendix E - Comparisons of Rental and Home Owner Percentages Appendix F Year Flood Plain Maps (County Level) ii

4 1.0 INTRODUCTION At the request of the Texas General Land Office (GLO), the Houston-Galveston Area Council completed a regional housing needs assessment to inform the planning process associated with the Round 2 Phase 2 regional method of distribution for CDBG disaster recovery funds associated with Hurricane Ike. The Regional Housing Needs Assessment identifies concentrations of minority, ethnicity, and poverty; areas of FEMA housing damage; household income levels within affected counties and cities; and Round 1 disaster housing awards completed through August The primary goals of the regional housing needs assessment are: Determine communities where housing programs need to inform Round 2 housing applicants about the Homeowner Opportunity Program; Identify areas where documented housing damage warrants focused outreach during Round 1 and Round 2; Compare the alignment of current disaster recovery housing awards with LMI populations within the affected areas; Provide a baseline from which individual housing programs can develop more specific housing needs assessments to inform the development of Round 2 disaster recovery programs. H-GAC recommends that individual disaster recovery housing programs enhance the regional effort y developing program specific needs assessments which consider local needs and ensure equitable distribution of housing services to impacted communities METHODS H-GAC completed a program-level analysis of: FEMA housing damage data; round 1 disaster recovery housing awards; concentrations of ethnicity, minority and poverty; shares of renters and home owners; and alignment of the disaster recovery housing awards with the low-moderate income demographics. The analysis also provides considerations for future program development regarding service to income levels, the Homeowner Opportunity Program, and consideration for rental properties. Description Location Source Provided by FEMA housing damage data; DR-1791 Appendix A FEMA H-GAC Disaster recovery housing awards data Appendix B GLO GLO Poverty, Income, Race, Ethnicity Appendix D US 2000 Census and HUD GLO Demographics data Percentage of Households that Rent Appendix E US Census Bureau, H-GAC American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year Summary File 100-year Flood Plain Maps (County Level) Appendix F FEMA H-GAC 1

5 3.0 HOUSING PROGRAM LEVEL ANALYSIS Nine disaster recovery programs within the H-GAC region currently provide disaster recovery housing to eligible households affected by Hurricane Ike. They include: H-GAC Disaster Recovery Housing Program serving Austin, Brazoria, Matagorda, Walker and Waller Counties and all cities therein. Chambers County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein. Fort Bend County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein. Galveston County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein, except the City of Galveston. City of Galveston Harris County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein, except the City of Houston. City of Houston Liberty County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein. Montgomery County - county level program serving the county and all cities therein. 3.1 H-GAC Sub-regional Program The H-GAC sub-regional program covers 5 counties and all cities therein. The counties include: Austin, Brazoria, Matagorda, Walker and Waller. The majority of funding is allocated to Brazoria County, followed by Matagorda County, Walker, Waller and Austin Austin County Austin County is a rural inland county, located in the northwest part of the H-GAC region. Austin County primarily experienced wind and rain during Hurricane Ike Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Austin County experienced minor housing damage relative to other counties in the H-GAC region (Appendix A); with 58 damaged homes. 97% of the homes experienced minor damage. The majority of the damaged homes are located in Bellville, San Felipe, Sealy and Wallis Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Austin County is included in the H-GAC Disaster Recovery Housing Program. Funds allocated to Austin County by H-GAC in the Round 1 Method of Distribution are less than $47,000; and will likely serve 1 household. Based on disaster housing awards data provided by the Texas General Land Office, H-GAC has not awarded assistance to a household in Austin County, yet Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity and Concentrations of Minority 2

6 Based on guidance provided by Texas GLO, concentrated poverty is when at least 35% of the households are at or below the poverty threshold; and ethnicity and minority concentrations correlate to an ethnicity or minority classification comprising 60% or greater of the population of a given area. Austin County has two areas of poverty concentration one in the unincorporated county and one within the city of Industry. The analysis indicates there are no areas of ethnicity concentration at the scale of this effort. Austin County has one area of minority concentration within the City of Bellville (Black African American). Poverty, ethnicity and minority concentration data for Austin County is included in Appendix B Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain; should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the State Round 2 Housing Guidelines. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The 100-year floodplain map for Austin County is located in Appendix F Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across county are eligible to apply for housing services, H-GAC should place an emphasis on future outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage, including the cities of Bellville, San Felipe, Sealy, and Wallis Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Austin County is included below and in Appendix C. Awards have not been made in Austin County, so a comparison is not possible at this time. The Round 2 housing program for Austin County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Austin HH 44% 30% 28% 42% Austin DR Awards 100% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for Austin County indicates that over half of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home. Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 3

7 3.1.2 Brazoria County Brazoria County is coastal county located in the southwestern quadrant of the H-GAC region. The northern and central portions of Brazoria County are suburban and rural. The coastal portion of the county includes small urban cities, industrial areas and small residential communities. Brazoria County experienced wind, rain, flooding, and storm surge during Hurricane Ike Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged nearly 12,000 homes in Brazoria County; with 94% of the homes receiving minor damage (Appendix A). The majority of damage occurred in 5 cities - Alvin, Angleton, Freeport, Pearland, and Rosharon. The village of Surfside also experiences substantial housing damage Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Brazoria County is included in the H-GAC Disaster recovery Housing Program. Funds allocated to Brazoria County by H-GAC in the Round 1 Method of Distribution are approximately $8.7 million; and will serve approximately 98 household. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, H-GAC has awarded assistance to 63 households in the following locations: 4-Angleton, 32-Brazoria County, 2-Clute, 6-Freeport, 1-Lake Jackson, 1-Oyster Creek, 3-Pearland, and in 14-unicorporated areas Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority Based on guidance provided by Texas GLO, concentrated poverty is when at least 35% of the households are at or below the poverty threshold; and ethnicity and minority concentrations correlate to an ethnicity or minority classification comprising 60% or greater of the population of a given area. Brazoria County has six areas of poverty concentration three in un-incorporated parts of the County; one in Brookside Village; and, two in parts of Freeport. One area of poverty concentration within the unincorporated County is also an area of minority concentration for Black African American. Brazoria County has 16 areas of ethnicity or minority concentrations one Black African American and 15 Hispanic. Specific information on each area is included in Appendix B. The areas are located within the parts of 5 cities and the unincorporated County. Alvin 4 areas (3 Hispanic and 1 Black African American) Brookside Village 2 areas (2 Hispanic) Clute 1 area (Hispanic) Freeport 7 areas (7 Hispanic) Iowa colony Village 1 area (Hispanic) Unincorporated Brazoria County 1 area (Hispanic) Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain; should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the State Round 2 Housing Guidelines. 4

8 Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The 100-year floodplain map for Austin County is located in Appendix F Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, H-GAC should place an emphasis on future outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage, including the cities of Alvin, Angleton, Freeport, Pearland, and Rosharon Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Brazoria County is included below and in Appendix C. Sixty-three (63) awards have been made in Brazoria County and are aligned with the LMI HH demographic data within the county as seen in the below table and in Appendix C. The Round 2 housing program for Brazoria County should continue to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Brazoria HH 43% 30% 27% 42% Brazoria DR Awards 100% 51% 32% 17% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for Brazoria County indicates that over half of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home in impacted areas of the county. Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance Matagorda County Matagorda County is rural county located south west quadrant of the H-GAC region, bounded by the Gulf of Mexico and coastal bays on the south. Matagorda County primarily experienced wind, rain, and coastal flooding during Hurricane Ike Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged 189 homes in Matagorda County; with 92% of the homes receiving minor damage (Appendix A). The majority of damage occurred in 2 cities Bay City and Sargent Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Matagorda County is included in the H-GAC Disaster recovery Housing Program. Funds allocated to Matagorda County by H-GAC in the Round 1 Method of Distribution are approximately $1.2 million; which will serve approximately 14 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land 5

9 Office, H-GAC has awarded assistance to 3 households in Matagorda County: 1 in Bay City and 2 in the unincorporated County Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority Based on guidance provided by Texas GLO, concentrated poverty is when at least 35% of the households are at or below the poverty threshold; and ethnicity and minority concentrations correlate to an ethnicity or minority classification comprising 60% or greater of the population of a given area. Matagorda County has 7 areas of ethnicity or minority concentration 1 Black African American and 6 Hispanic. Specific information on each area is included in Appendix B. The areas of concentration are located in two cities. Bay City 5 areas (1 Black African American and 4 Hispanic) Palacios 1 area (Hispanic) Matagorda has 7 areas of poverty concentration located in two cities and an un-incorporated area of the County. Bay City 4 areas of poverty Palacios 2 areas of poverty Unincorporated Matagorda County 1 area Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain; should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the State Round 2 Housing Guidelines. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The 100-year floodplain map for Austin County is located in Appendix F Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across Matagorda County are eligible to apply for housing services, H-GAC should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage, including the cities of Bay City and Sargent Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Matagorda County is included in the table below and in Appendix C: LMI Household Disaster Recovery Awards Summaries. The Round 2 housing program for Matagorda County should continue to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county with emphasis focused on the very low income population. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Matagorda HH 47% 37% 25% 37% Matagorda DR Awards 100% 0% 67% 33% 6

10 Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for Matagorda County indicates that nearly 70% of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home in Bay City, the most impacted community in Matagorda County. Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance Walker County Walker County is located at the northern quadrant of the H-GAC region. The majority of the county is undeveloped and rural with the largest community, the City of Huntsville, located in the center of the county. Walker County experienced wind and rain during Hurricane Ike Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged 923 homes in Walker County; with 97% of the homes receiving minor damage (Appendix A). The majority of damage occurred in 2 cities Huntsville and New Waverly Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Walker County is included in the H-GAC Disaster recovery Housing Program. Funds allocated to Walker County by H-GAC in the Round 1 Method of Distribution are approximately $933,000; which will serve approximately 10 households in Walker County with Round 1 Funding. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, H-GAC has awarded assistance to 7 households in Walker County: 3- Huntsville, and 4-unicorporated areas Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity and Concentrations of Minority Based on guidance provided by Texas GLO, concentrated poverty is when at least 35% of the households are at or below the poverty threshold; and ethnicity and minority concentrations correlate to an ethnicity or minority classification comprising 60% or greater of the population of a given area. Walker County has 4 areas of ethnicity or minority concentration 2 Black African Americans, 1 Hispanic. The 4 areas are located in two cities; Huntsville and New Waverly. Huntsville 3 areas (2 Black African American, 1 Hispanic) New Waverly 1 area (Black African American) Walker County has 7 areas of poverty concentration located in two cities. Huntsville 6 areas of poverty Riverside 1 area of poverty Specific information on each area is included in Appendix B. 7

11 Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain; should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the State Round 2 Housing Guidelines. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The 100-year floodplain map for Austin County is located in Appendix F Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, H-GAC should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage which includes the City of Huntsville and New Waverly Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Walker County is included below and in Appendix C. Eight awards have been made in Walker County, the City of Huntsville, and unincorporated areas that are aligned with the LMI HH demographic data within the county as seen in the below table. The Round 2 housing program for Walker County should continue to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. This analysis is based on 70% of the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. H-GAC should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics, and take the results into consideration when developing the Round 2 housing program. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Walker HH 49% 36% 27% 38% Walker DR Awards 100% 57% 29% 14% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for two of the most impacted areas indicates between 50-90% of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather rent, rather than own a home (Huntsville and New Waverly). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low to moderate income categories, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance Waller County Waller County is located in the northwestern quadrant of the H-GAC region. Land use includes high intensity and low intensity development and open space. The majority of the county is undeveloped and rural with cities and towns. Waller County experienced wind and rain during Hurricane Ike 8

12 Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged 164 homes in Waller County; with 90% of the homes receiving minor damage (Appendix A). The majority of damage occurred in 3 cities Brookshire, Hempstead, and Waller Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Waller County is included in the H-GAC Disaster recovery Housing Program. Funds allocated to Waller County by H-GAC in the Round 1 Method of Distribution are approximately $195,000; which will serve approximately 2 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, H-GAC has not awarded assistance to households in Waller County, yet Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority Waller County has five areas of minority concentration all are Black African American and located in the city of Prairie View. Waller County does not have areas of ethnicity, minority, nor poverty concentration at the scale used in this study. Waller County has 3 areas of high poverty located in two cities and an unincorporated area of the County. Hempstead 1 area of poverty Prairie View 1 area of poverty Unincorporated County 1 area of poverty Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain; should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the State Round 2 Housing Guidelines. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The 100-year floodplain map for Austin County is located in Appendix F Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, H-GAC should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage: Brookshire, Hempstead, and Waller Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Waller County is included below and in Appendix C. Awards have not been made in Waller County, so a comparison is not possible at this time. The Round 2 housing program for Waller County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. H-GAC should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics, and take the results into consideration when developing the Round 2 housing program. 9

13 The Round 2 housing program for Waller County should continue to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Waller HH 51% 37% 26% 36% Waller DR Awards 100% 0% 0% 0% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for five of the most impacted areas indicates between % of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather rent, rather than own a home (Brookshire, Hempstead, Katy, Prairie View, and Waller). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 10

14 3.2 Chambers County Chambers County is a largely rural county bordered to the south and to the west by Galveston Bay. Communities along the shoreline of the Bay and inland experienced significant storm surge, wind, rain, storm surge, and flooding during Hurricane Ike Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA documented nearly 4,000 homes were damaged by Ike, with 15% of the homes suffering moderate to heavy damage or destroyed. In addition to damage along the shores of Galveston Bay, substantial damage occurred within the city of Anahuac and inland communities of Winnie and Stowell. FEMA data also indicates that 13 communities had homes that suffered heavy damage to total destruction, with the highest number of damaged homes occurring in the city of Anahuac and the community of Winnie Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Chambers county self administers its $21 million Round 1 disaster recovery housing program. The Chambers County Disaster housing recovery program will serve approximately 180 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, Chambers county has awarded assistance to 37 households: 5-Anahuac, 1-Stowell, 1-Texas City, and 30-unicorporated areas Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority Chambers County does not have areas of ethnicity, minority, nor poverty concentration at the scale used in this study Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain, should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the state Round 2 Housing Guidelines. The 100-year floodplain map for Chambers County is located in Appendix F. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. Chambers County should review the specific census block and tract for these areas to fully understand the locations and boundaries (Appendix B) Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, Chambers county disaster recovery housing program should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage: Anahuac, Baytown, Stowell, and Winnie Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Chambers County is included below and in Appendix C. Thirty-seven awards have been made in Chambers county. The Round 2 housing program for Chambers County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. This analysis is based on 20% of the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. Chambers County disaster recovery housing program should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics. 11

15 Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Chambers HH 40% 34% 28% 39% Chambers DR Awards 94% 27% 35% 32% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for three of the most impacted areas indicate over 60% of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home (Baytown, Mont Belvieu, and Winnie). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category for impacted areas indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 12

16 3.3 Fort Bend County Fort Bend County is largely a suburban and rural inland-county located in the central portion of the H- GAC region. Fort Bend County primarily experienced wind and rain during Hurricane Ike. Houston within Fort Bend County is included in the Houston Summary Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA data indicates 6,300 homes were damaged by Ike (excluding the 1,614 homes within the city of Houston portion of Fort Bend County), with approximately 40 homes receiving moderate to heavy damage or destroyed. Over 98% of the FEMA documented homes within Fort Bend County are in the minor damage category. FEMA data also indicates that 7 communities had homes that suffered heavy damage to total destruction, with the highest number of damaged homes occurring in Missouri City, Sugar land and the unincorporated part of the county known as Fresno Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Fort Bend County self administers its $846,000 Round 1 disaster recovery housing program which will serve approximately 8 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, Fort Bend County has awarded assistance to 8 households: 1-Arcola, 5-Houston, and 1-Stafford, and 1 in an unincorporated area. Awards represent the measure of program accomplishments as provided by GLO Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority Fort Bend County has 43 areas of ethnicity or minority concentration - 12 Black African American in parts of 5 cities; and 32 Hispanic in 5 cities and 12 unincorporated areas. Arcola 1 area (Hispanic) Beasley 1 area (Hispanic) Kendleton 1 area (Black African American) Missouri City - 10 areas (8 Black African American, 2 Hispanic) Rosenberg 8 areas (1 Black African American, 7 Hispanic) Sugar Land 1 area (1 Black African American) Thompson s Town 1 area (Black African American) Richmond 7 areas (Hispanic) Stafford 1 area (Hispanic) Unincorporated County 5 areas (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Cumings CDP) 1 area (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Fifth Street CDP) 3 areas (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Four Corners CDP) 1 area (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Fresno CDP) 2 areas (Hispanic) Fort Bend County has four areas of poverty concentration three in un-incorporated areas of the County and one in Rosenberg Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain, should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the state Round 2 Housing Guidelines. The 100-year floodplain map for Fort Bend County is located in Appendix F. 13

17 Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. Fort Bend County should review the specific census block and tract for these areas to fully understand the locations and boundaries (Appendix B) Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, the Fort Bend county disaster recovery housing program should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage: Fresno, Houston, Missouri City, Stafford and Sugar Land Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Fort Bend County is included below and in Appendix C. Eight (8) awards have been made in Fort Bend County. The Round 2 housing program for Fort Bend County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. This analysis is based on the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. The Fort Bend County disaster recovery housing program should continue to monitor any future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics. Share of LMI HH within County County %HH LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Fort Bend HH 28% 25% 27% 48% Fort Bend DR Awards 89% 38% 38% 13% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for four of the most impacted areas indicates over 60% of the households making less than $9,000 annually rent rather than own a home (Needville, Richmond, Rosenberg, and Stafford. Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category for impacted areas indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 14

18 3.4 Galveston County Galveston County is a coastal county located in the southeastern quadrant of the H-GAC region. Galveston County is largely suburban and rural, with substantial coastline along Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The shorelines and barrier islands of Galveston County experienced massive devastation from Hurricane Ike. The county experienced wind, rain, flooding, and storm surge. The Galveston County analysis includes unincorporated Galveston County and all cities therein, with the exception of the City of Galveston which has a separate disaster recovery housing program Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged nearly 20,564 homes in Galveston County (not including the 17,509 located in the City of Galveston). 63% of the homes received minor damage and 21% received heavy damage to total destruction (Appendix A). Areas receiving the majority of heavy damage and destruction include the unincorporated communities of Crystal Beach, Gilcrest, Port Bolivar, and San Leon (Appendix A) Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Galveston County self administers its $99.5 million Round 1 disaster recovery housing program which will serve approximately 625 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, Galveston County has awarded assistance to 356 households in the following areas: 14-Bacliff, 49- Bolivar, 1-Clear Lake Shores, 23-Dickinson, 4-Friendswood, 35-Hitchcock, 4-Kemah, 50-La Marque, 7- League City, 41-San Leon, 5-Santa Fe, 82-Texas City, and 41-unicorporated areas Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority The Galveston County analysis includes unincorporated Galveston County and all cities therein, with the exception of the City of Galveston. Galveston County has 12 areas of ethnicity or minority concentration, 11 are Black African American and 1 is Hispanic. The areas are located in three cities and an unincorporated area of the County. Hitchcock 2 areas (Black African American) La Marque 2 areas (Black African American) Texas City 7 areas (Black African American) Unincorporated County - 1 area (Hispanic) Galveston County has 8 areas with concentration of poverty, located in 2 cities and the Bacliff area of the unincorporated county. Hitchcock 2 areas of concentrated poverty Texas City 5 areas of concentrated poverty Unincorporated County (Bacliff CDP) 1 area of concentrated poverty Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain, should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the state Round 2 Housing Guidelines. The 100-year floodplain map for Galveston County is located in Appendix F. 15

19 Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. Galveston County should review the specific census block and tract for these areas to fully understand the locations and boundaries (Appendix B) Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, the Galveston County disaster recovery housing program should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA Damage: Crystal Beach, Gilcrest, Port Bolivar, and San Leon Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Galveston County is included below and in Appendix C. Three hundred fifty six awards have been made in Galveston County. The Round 2 housing program for Galveston County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. This analysis is based on 57% of the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. The Galveston County disaster recovery housing program should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics. %HH Share of LMI HH within County County LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Galveston HH 40% 30% 28% 42% Galveston DR Awards 99.7% 29% 35% 35% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for five of the most impacted areas indicate 50-80% of the households in the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home (Dickinson, Friendswood, Galveston, Hitchcock, and Texas City). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 16

20 3.5 City of Galveston The City of Galveston is an urban and suburban city located on a barrier island along the coast of Galveston County. The eye of Hurricane Ike passed over downtown Galveston, bringing wind, rain, flooding, and storm surge Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged 17,509 homes within the City of Galveston; with 48% of the homes receiving minor damage and 8% heavily damaged or destroyed (Appendix A) Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program The City of Galveston self administers its $160 million Round 1 disaster recovery housing program which will serve approximately 1,033 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, the City of Galveston has awarded assistance to 429 households Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority The City of Galveston has 8 areas of minority concentration, 7 Black African American, 1 Hispanic and 11 areas of concentrated poverty. Specific information on each area is included in Appendix B Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While all households within the city are eligible to apply for housing services, the City of Galveston s disaster recovery housing program should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in all areas with documented FEMA Damage within the city Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain, should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the state Round 2 Housing Guidelines. The 100-year floodplain map for Galveston County is located in Appendix F. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. The City of Galveston should review the specific census block and tract for these areas to fully understand the locations and boundaries (Appendix B) Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Galveston County is included below and in Appendix C. Awards have been made in Galveston County. The Round 2 housing program for Galveston County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. This analysis is based on 42% of the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. The City of Galveston disaster recovery housing program should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics. 17

21 %HH Share of LMI HH within County County LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD City of Galveston HH 61% 42% 26% 32% City of Galveston DR Awards 65.7% 23% 19% 24% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for the most impacted areas indicate over 75% of the households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home (City of Galveston). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 18

22 3.6 Harris County Harris County is the most populated county in the H-GAC region and located near the geographic center. Several small communities are located along the waterfront of Galveston Bay. Harris County experienced wind, rain, flooding, and storm surge during Hurricane Ike. Harris County has areas that are highly urbanized, suburban, coastal and rural. The Harris County analysis includes unincorporated Harris County and all cities therein, with the exception of the City of Houston which has a separate disaster recovery housing program Summary of FEMA Housing Damage Data FEMA housing damage data indicates Hurricane Ike damaged 30,804 homes in Harris County (not including the 84,382 damaged within the city of Houston); with 89% of the homes receiving minor damage (Appendix A). The majority of damage occurred in 5 cities - Baytown, Humble, La Porte, Pasadena, and Seabrook and the unincorporated area of Spring Summary of Round 1 Disaster Recovery Housing Program Harris County self administers its $56.2 million Round 1 disaster recovery housing program which will serve approximately 395 households. Based on data provided by the Texas General Land Office, Harris County has awarded assistance to 217 households: 3-Aldine, 1-Atascocita, 9-Barrett, 19-Baytown, 5- Channelview, 7-Cloverleaf, 1-Crosby, 3-Deer Park, 1-El Lago, 1-Friendswood, 3-Galena Park, 2- Highlands, 3-Jacinto City, 1-Katy, 9-La Porte, 2-Mission Bend, 1-Missouri City, 20-Pasadena, 1- Pearland, 9-Seabrook, 5-Shoreacres, 7-Spring, 8-South Houston, 3-Taylor Lake, and 93-unincorporated Concentrations of Poverty, Concentrations of Ethnicity, and Concentrations of Minority The Harris County analysis includes unincorporated Harris County and all cities therein, with the exception of the City of Houston. Harris County has 81 areas of ethnicity and minority concentration 5 Black African American and 76 Hispanic. The areas are located in 7 cities and parts of the unincorporated county. Baytown 16 areas (Hispanic) Galena Park 6 areas (Hispanic) Jacinto City 4 areas (Hispanic) Pasadena 32 areas (Hispanic) La Porte 1 area (Black African American) Missouri City 2 areas (Black African American) Unincorporated County (Aldine CDP) 2 areas (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Cloverleaf CDP) 6 areas (Hispanic) Unincorporated County (Barrett CDP) 2 areas (Black African American) Harris County has 16 areas of concentrated poverty, located in 5 cities and unincorporated areas of the county. Baytown 3 areas of concentrated poverty Humble 1 area of concentrated poverty League City - 1 area of concentrated poverty Pasadena - 7 areas of concentrated poverty South Houston - 2 areas of concentrated poverty 19

23 Unincorporated County (Cloverleaf CDP) 2 areas of concentrated poverty Specific information on each area is included in Appendix B Homeownership Opportunity Program With regards to the future Round 2 housing program, any applicants located in areas of concentration of poverty, concentration of ethnicity, or concentration of minority; or residing within 100 year floodplain, should be advised of the Homeownership Opportunity Program (HOP), a voluntary relocation program in accordance with the state Round 2 Housing Guidelines. The 100-year floodplain map for Harris County is located in Appendix F. Areas of poverty, ethnicity and minority concentrations are summarized in the section above and provided in detail in Appendix B. Harris County should review the specific census block and tract for these areas to fully understand the locations and boundaries (Appendix B) Focusing on Areas of Documented Damage While households across the county are eligible to apply for housing services, the Harris County disaster recovery housing program should place an emphasis on outreach efforts in areas with documented FEMA damage: Baytown, La Porte, and Seabrook; and areas located along the waterfront of Galveston Bay and coastal bayous Alignment with LMI Demographics A comparison of disaster recovery awards and low to moderate income categories for Harris County is included below and in Appendix C. Harris County has made 217 awards. This analysis is based on 55% of the anticipated number of households to be served under the Round 1 program. The Harris County disaster recovery housing program should continue to monitor future Round 1 awards to determine alignment with LMI demographics. The Round 2 housing program for Harris County should seek to provide services to households that reasonably align with the LMI demographics of the overall county. %HH Share of LMI HH within County County LMI %VLOW %LOW %MOD Harris HH 36% 27% 26% 47% Harris DR Awards 66% 24% 19% 23% Considerations for Rental Properties US Census rental data for the share of renters and homeowners for various income categories are included in Appendix E. Data for Harris County for the most impacted areas indicate % of households with $9,000 or less in annual income rent rather than own a home (Baytown, Channelview, Friendswood, Humble, Katy, Pasadena, Seabrook, South Houston, Tomball, and Webster). Although FEMA damage data for rental properties is not readily available for this study, the relative share of renters in the very low income category, combined with the emphasis of the program on low-moderate income households indicates there is likely an unmet need for assistance to rental properties. The Round 2 program should give consideration to including rental properties as eligible households for disaster recovery assistance. 20