Information Technology in Higher Education:

Transcription

1 Information Technoogy in Higher Education: 2010 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers THE CHRONICLE Leadership Board for CIO s

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3 THE CHRONICLE LEADERSHIP BOARD FOR CIOs Information Technoogy in Higher Education: 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers

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5 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 4 Financia and Budget Panning 6 Organizationa Issues and Personne 8 Academic Soutions and Issues 15 INFrAstructure 16 IT Security 17 Coud Computing 18 Outook for the Future 19 Methodoogy 19

6 4 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTRODUCTION Higher-education institutions have come to rey upon technoogy to provide soutions and the infrastructure to support increased demands for services whie deaing with a shrinking, ess-experienced work force and tight budgets. It s eft up to chief information officers to find ways to support new technoogies. Making decisions about which technoogies to acquire today and which to adopt in the future can have a significant impact on budgets and strategies, and it requires wise choices, with itte room for error. To get a fu picture of information technoogy on campuses today, The Chronice of Higher Education s Leadership Board for CIO s surveyed a broad range of coeges and universities in eary 2010 to coect strategic and tactica information on major issues that face chief information officers in higher education around the word. Survey questions incuded financia and budget information for IT, personne and staffing questions, infrastructure and networking questions (incuding security issues), administrative computing pans, strategic panning for IT, academic uses of information technoogies, and pans for new and emerging technoogy.

7 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 5 More institutions are expecting technoogy budgets to increase faster than infation during the next five years, rather than to decrease, according to the survey. Many of the CIO s expect technoogy to take on the roe of bringing about cost savings and greater efficiencies in other areas, such as ibrary checkout. But how shoud institutions pan for the next five years? Which technoogies and appications are worth the investment? At the top of the ist are mobie computing, foowed cosey by networking and security, coud computing, business inteigence, and virtuadesktop technoogies. A of these are not reay new, but on most campuses they are the technoogies that must be deat with in the next few years. Mobie computing incudes supporting consumer-owned devices and making sure that they connect seamessy with the campus network from anywhere in the word. Many institutions are hampered by the fact that consumers often own these technoogies and expect support before support-staff members on campus have even touched the new devices. Coud computing is a new spin on hosted computing, a topic that has been around for some time. Coud computing is oosey defined as a shared poo of configurabe networks, servers, storage, appications, and services accessed through the Internet. Many institutions have either moved or are seriousy considering moving e-mai, desktop soutions ike Microsoft Office, and even some administrative appications into the coud, in which institutions set up services that operate on faraway servers rather than on individua campus computers. Many expect cost savings from moving some appications into the coud. However, security vunerabiities are sti a worry for many institutions, and ega issues and reguations may interfere with such movements. For exampe, some countries wi not aow institutiona data to reside on servers in another country. Network demand continues to increase as socianetworking toos ike Facebook and MySpace, and coaboration toos ike Sociatext and Twitter, embrace a forms of information, incuding voice, video, and data. Network users expect to send video cips on demand, and instructors are using socia-networking sites, coaboration resources, and content-management and earning systems to provide ectures onine for students. Providing bandwidth and protecting that information wi not get any easier as the use of technoogy increases offcampus and sensitive information resides on servers in different paces. Ownership of ectures is an issue on many campuses as we: Does the institution or the instructor own the onine ecture? Shoud it be free to the pubic? In addition, business-inteigence soutions continue to be needed as campuswide databases and integrated soutions often fai to provide information or knowedge that can be used to gain wisdom and understanding. However, business-inteigence toos require considerabe training on the part of users and support-team speciaists. Higher-education institutions do not often provide adequate time and resources for user training on such technoogies and appications. Technoogies and appications are hepfu ony if users know how to empoy them. CIO s who are skied at buiding teams of knowedge workers across campuses to work on soving institutiona probems and meeting needs wi be viewed as true business partners to both administrative and academic departments. They wi be invited and expected at the strategic-panning tabe. CIO s who fai to market and educate institutiona eaders and users and students on the rea vaue and roe of technoogy wi end up as mere caretakers of infrastructure and be excuded from strategic or highy tactica panning. Michae Zastrocky

8 6 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Financia and Budget Panning The chief information officers who responded to the survey reported on the state of the operating budgets for their institutions overa and for information technoogy in particuar. They provided comparisons of the actua figures for the current fisca year ( ) in juxtaposition with the previous year, as we as their expectations for budgets. Overa Institutiona Budgets The resuts were mixed for the coeges and universities as a whoe. Many of the institutions saw decreases, but a heathy percentage saw increases: Forty-three percent of the institutions reported they had ower overa operating budgets in compared with the previous year. And 43 percent expect further decreases for the year. Amost one-third of the institutions (32 percent) reported increases in the overa institutiona budgets in , and 31 percent expect arger overa budgets in The remaining institutions (26 percent) said the overa budgets for their institutions stayed the same in as the prior year, and the same percentage expected the budgets for woud be fat. Budgets for Information Technoogy For IT spending in particuar, the patterns for the budgets and expectations for were simiar to the overa institutiona patterns. For , in comparison to the previous year, 43 percent of the coeges and universities experienced decreases (matching the experience with overa budgets). Twenty-four percent of the budgets showed increases, and 33 percent were fat. A simiar picture emerged in expectations for spending in : 40% 32% 28% of the institutions expected a decrease from the current year. of the institutions expected spending to stay the same. of the institutions said they expected increases. Some widey differing budget patterns for for IT were evident by type of institution. Has your current fisca year operating budget (2009/2010) Has your current for fisca IT: year operating budget (2009/2010) for IT: Is Increased your IT from strategic previous fisca pan yearpart of the overa institutiona strategic pan? 21.4% 16.7% Yes 26.7% 17.8% 74.1% 29.8% 55.2% Stayed the same as previous fisca year 69.8% 50.0% 58.1% 26.7% 53.5% 26.7% 42.2% No 28.1% 25.9% Decreased from previous fisca year 44.8% 28.6% 56.7% 30.2% 46.7% 41.9% 40.0% 46.5% 42.1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 10% 20% 40% 60% 2-YEAR INSTITUTION 4-YEAR INSTITUTION ONLY 4-YEAR INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S DEGREE PROGRAMS DOCTORAL-GRANTING INSTITUTION RESEARCH UNIVERSITY

9 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 7 Of four-year coeges without graduate programs, 57 percent reported decreases in their IT budgets in At two-year coeges, the proportion experiencing cuts was just 29 percent. At four-year institutions with Master s programs, 47 percent reported cuts, as did 40 percent of doctora-granting institutions and 43 percent of research universities. One-year increases for were reported by 30 percent of research universities, 27 percent of fouryear institutions with Master s programs, 21 percent of two-year coeges, 18 percent of doctora-granting institutions, and just 17 percent of four-year coeges without graduate programs. For those coeges and universities that reported cuts in the IT budget from the previous year, the cuts came in the foowing areas: Deayed maintenance or repacements: 80 percent Personne: 61 percent Services: 53 percent Software icenses: 27 percent Other: 18 percent The other category responses incuded cuts in expenses reated to trave and professiona deveopment (incuding association memberships), capita expenditures, renegotiated contracts, use of consutants, and Internet connections. Respondents who said they were panning for no growth or a decrease in their IT operating budgets said they woud be ikey to foow these strategies: Renegotiating contracts with vendors: 62 percent Cutbacks in services and support: 57 percent Non-repacement of staff eaving the institution: 49 percent Eimination of staff positions: 25 percent Increased use of chargebacks for services and support: 20 percent Increased student fees: 18 percent Other: 18 percent The other strategies incuded these: Aternative sources for services (coud apps, consortium, etc.) Budget reaocation and business-process improvements Extension of computer repacement cyce Postpone strategic projects Increase technoogy repacement cyces, where appropriate and possibe Expore opportunities to restructure workfows Expore increased consortia opportunities Restructuring current positions Cut back on upgrades Cutting back student positions Reduced professiona deveopment for IT staff Institutions were aso asked whether they were considering new funding sources: 46% 35% 23% 15% of the institutions said they were not. said they were considering increased user fees for facuty, staff, students, and others. said they were considering seing IT and support services to others. specified other, in many cases saying that they woud seek grants.

10 8 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Just 22 percent of the research universities and 40 percent of the doctora-granting reported highy centraized IT operations. Organizationa Issues and Personne IT Leadership and Organization Institutions were asked to whom the CIO reports. Overa, 31 percent reported directy to the CEO (president, rector, or vice-chanceor), 28 percent to the chief academic officer, 20 percent to the chief operating officer (executive vice president or administrative vice president), 19 percent to the chief financia/business officer, and 2 percent to a person two eves or more beow the CEO. Information technoogy operations are organized in severa different ways on campuses, but the great majority are either highy or moderatey centraized: Is IT: Highy centraized Moderatey centraized Moderatey decentraized HIghy decentraized 57.1% 31.1% 6.7% 5.2% 0% 20% 40% 60% However, significant differences emerge when IT organization by type of institution is anayzed, with much ess centraization at doctora-granting and research universities. By contrast, 85 percent of the baccaaureate-ony coeges said they had highy centraized operations, foowed by 78 percent of the four-year institutions offering Master s degrees and 71 percent of two-year coeges. Another way of ooking at the centraization of IT operations is to examine institutiona budgets. Centra IT drew 90 percent or more of the tota institutiona spending on information technoogy at 37 percent of the institutions, the argest proportion of respondents. The proportions going to centra IT at three other eves, though, were eveny distributed: At 20 percent of the institutions, 75 to 89 percent of tota IT spending went to centra operations. At 22 percent of the institutions, 50 to 75 percent of tota IT spending went to centra operations. At 21 percent of the institutions, ess than 50 percent of IT tota spending went to centra operations. Looking to the future, a majority of institutions (55 percent) said they expect IT centraization wi stay the same in the next five years. But 39 percent said they expect operations wi become more centraized. Ony 6 percent expect ess centraization. The universities that are highy decentraized now are the ones that most expect to see more centraization in the next five years, with 61 percent of the research universities and 55 percent of the doctora-granting universities expecting that outcome. Foowing the overa patterns, the other types of institutions showed a decreasing ikeihood of increased centraization: 36 percent of two-year coeges, 26 percent of four year coeges with Master s degree programs, and 7 percent of four-year coeges with no graduate programs. When asked who woud make the decision about making IT more or ess centraized, 90 percent of respondents said it woud be the executive team (CEO s cabinet). Just 6 percent said that the decision woud invove the board of trustees. Other groups that woud be invoved at a sma number of institutions incuded academic eadership, IT departments themseves, and committees or consensus.

11 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 9 IT Staff Size and Composition More than haf (56 percent) of the institutions said the size of their fu-time IT staff had stayed the same in the current fisca year. But for 28 percent the size decreased. For 16 percent, the number of staff members increased. Expectations for the 2011 fisca year showed optimism on some campuses: Whie 55 percent expected the size of the IT staff woud stay the same, 25 percent expected an increase. The smaest proportion 20 percent expected a decrease. The institutions aso reported on their use of student workers. For the 2010 fisca year, use of students stayed the same at 61 percent of the coeges. The number increased at 27 percent and decreased at 12 percent. Expectations for use of students in fisca 2011 showed amost precisey the same pattern. Training and Professiona Deveopment Training programs for personne are an important part of coeges efforts when they need to get more out of fewer peope due to downsizing. The survey found that expenditures for training and professiona deveopment decreased for the current fisca year at 34 percent of institutions, whie ony 10 percent showed an increase. For the rest, expenditures stayed the same as in the previous year. During the next two years, 25 percent of the institutions expect an increase in training expenditures, whie 17 percent of the institutions expect a decrease. However, 63 percent of the institutions that reported decreases in spending on training said the cuts had ony minimay diminished the abiity of IT to serve the institution. Ony 4 percent said that the decreases had greaty diminished IT s abiity to support the institution. Outsourcing Seventy-five percent of institutions said they are currenty using outsourcing strategies, whie 25 percent are not doing so. In ooking at the past two years, 52 percent said their use of outsourcing had stayed the same, whie 45 percent said outsourcing had increased, and 3 percent said it had decreased. Looking ahead, 61 percent expect that their use of outsourcing in the next two years wi increase, whie 35 percent said the use woud be ikey to stay the same, and 4 percent expect it to decrease. Athough outsourcing is widespread, it does not command a arge share of tota IT spending, and indeed represented ess than 5 percent of the tota IT operating budget at 56 percent of the institutions. Of the remainder, 27 percent of the institutions said that outsourcing accounted for 5 to 9 percent of their IT budgets, and 12 percent said that outsourcing accounted for 10 to 19 percent of their budgets. Ony a handfu of institutions said that outsourcing accounted for 30 percent or more of their IT budgets. Activities that the institutions are currenty outsourcing to some degree incude these (respondents coud choose more than one): Networking/voice: 37 percent Administrative appications: 35 percent E-mai: 17 percent Project management: 14 percent PC ab maintenance and support: 7 percent Other activities: 28 percent Personne Issues and an Aging Workforce A arge number of IT professionas in higher education are aging and preparing for retirement. The survey asked how institutions expect that trend wi affect them. A arge majority of coeges and universities are not worried: 60 percent said the aging of the workforce woud have itte impact. 17 percent said aging woud have no impact at a. However, amost one fourth (23 percent) expect the aging of the workforce to have great impact on their IT operations. To dea with demographic changes in the workforce, institutions said they were either pursuing or considering these personne strategies: Preparing for opportunities to transfer knowedge and experiences: 75 percent Brainstorming creative ways to recruit young facuty and staff members, with an understanding of generationa characteristics: 54 percent

12 10 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Anayzing the demographics of the campus workforce and comparing it with oca, regiona, nationa, and goba demographics: 32 percent Restructuring HR poicies and practices: 27 percent Devising strategies to retain key peope past retirement age: 21 percent Amost as many institutions 78 percent reported that Is your IT strategic pan part of the overa institutiona they had a strategic pan for information technoogy. Of Strategic Panning those, strategic 62 percent pan? said that the IT strategic pan was part of the overa institutiona strategic pan. Does your institution have an overa strategic pan? Yes Does your institution have an IT strategic pan? 74.1% Yes Does your institution have an IT strategic pan? Is your IT strategic pan part of the overa institutiona 92.9% 55.2% strategic pan? 86.2% Yes 69.8% 89.3% 86.2% 72.4% 58.1% 86.4% Yes 82.8% 81.6% 53.5% 74.1% 68.2% No 55.2% No 77.1% 3.6% 69.8% 25.9% 6.9% No 58.1% 10.7% 44.8% 5.2% 9.1% 53.5% 27.6% 30.2% 17.2% 4.1% 41.9% No 31.8% In the process of deveoping a pan 25.9% 22.9% 46.5% 3.6% 6.9% 44.8% 0% 20% 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% 80% 100% 80% 100% 8.6% 30.2% 4.5% 2-YEAR INSTITUTION 41.9% 2-YEAR INSTITUTION 4-YEAR INSTITUTION ONLY 14.3% 46.5% 4-YEAR INSTITUTION INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S ONLY DEGREE PROGRAMS 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% DOCTORAL-GRANTING 4-YEAR INSTITUTION INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S DEGREE PROGRAMS 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% RESEARCH UNIVERSITY DOCTORAL-GRANTING INSTITUTION RESEARCH UNIVERSITY 2-YEAR INSTITUTION 4-YEAR INSTITUTION ONLY 4-YEAR INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S DEGREE PROGRAMS DOCTORAL-GRANTING INSTITUTION RESEARCH UNIVERSITY Eighty-six percent of the respondents said their institutions had an overa strategic pan. An additiona 8 percent said they were in the process of deveoping a pan. Just 6 percent said they did not have an overa pan. Of the institutions that have a pan, 85 percent said that they update it reguary. Two thirds of the respondents said that the IT strategic pan was incorporated into the institutiona budgetpanning process. 2-YEAR INSTITUTION 4-YEAR INSTITUTION ONLY 4-YEAR INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S DEGREE PROGRAMS DOCTORAL-GRANTING INSTITUTION RESEARCH UNIVERSITY

13 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 11 Is your IT strategic pan part of the overa institutiona Is your IT strategic pan part of your overa institutiona strategic strategic pan? pan? Teephones and voice services: 53 percent Hep desk: 50 percent Yes After those areas, the use of service-eve agreements 74.1% fe off sharpy: 55.2% Web services and support: 33 percent 69.8% Printing: 23 percent 58.1% Instructiona design and support: 22 percent 53.5% Content management for academic and/or research: 20 percent No Media services: 17 percent 25.9% Training and other professiona-deveopment activities: 9 per cent 44.8% Other: 11% 30.2% 41.9% 46.5% Do you have forma Service Lega Agreements for the foowing? (Check a that appy) 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Hardware maintenance and support 67.8% 2-YEAR INSTITUTION Administrative appication and information management 4-YEAR INSTITUTION ONLY 54.5% Teephone and voice services 4-YEAR INSTITUTION WITH MASTER S DEGREE PROGRAMS 52.9% DOCTORAL-GRANTING INSTITUTION Hep desk RESEARCH UNIVERSITY 49.6% Web services and support 33.1% Printing Service-Leve Agreements 23.1% Service-eve agreements, or SLA s, are agreements Instructiona design and support between two parties (for exampe, centra IT and other 22.3% departments or between a vendor and the institution) Content management for academic and/or research in which outcomes and expectations (time and service 19.8% deivery expectations, for exampe) are speed out in the Media services agreement. 16.5% Other (pease specify) Most of the institutions in the survey (68 percent) had agreements for hardware maintenance and support for 10.7% PC s and servers. That was the top category for such agreements, foowed by widespread agreements in 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% these areas, with about haf of the institutions reporting their use: Administrative appications and information management: 55 percent

14 12 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Software for administrative appications overwhemingy comes from enterprise-resource panning vendors, the institutions reported. Note: These data are not intended to be considered or used as marketing survey resuts. It is intended to show genera trends and directions from survey respondents. Many vendor appications are specificay sod and designed for a particuar segment of the market that may be under-represented in this survey. For exampe, the percentage of smaer U.S. institutions or proprietary institutions represented in the survey resuts is much smaer than the percentage of other groups. The systems for financias (genera edger, accounts payabe, and accounts receivabe) top the ist of software provided by ERP vendors, with 92 percent of the institutions citing such vendors as the source. Most of the rest said they used homegrown appications they deveoped themseves. Ony one institution used an open-source system, and ony one outsourced the appication. Financia-aid systems showed essentiay the same pattern: 90 percent of the institutions used ERP vendors, and 9 percent used appications they deveoped themseves. For other compicated administrative functions, vendor soutions were used by from 80 percent to 86 percent of the institutions, but with a broader mix of homegrown and outsourcing for the remainder. (See tabe beow.) Ony grants management showed a broader pattern. Whie 63 per cent of the institutions used an ERP vendor system, 27 percent used a homegrown approach, with about 5 percent using an open-source system and another 5 percent using an outsourced approach. The survey asked which vendors the coeges used for financias. Not surprisingy, the argest companies scored the biggest percentages. The top two accounted for 58 percent of the soutions: SunGard Banner: 35 percent Orace (PeopeSoft): 23 percent However, the next three brought the tota for the top five to 87 percent: Datate Coeague: 16 percent Jenzabar (a products): 8 percent SAP: 5 percent The remaining 22+ percent of soutions was spread across a wide spectrum, incuding severa open-source soutions. For student systems, the top choices were: SunGard Banner: 40 percent Orace (PeopeSoft): 24 percent Datate Coeague: 19 percent The remaining 15 percent of vendor soutions were spread among a variety of providers, with ony Jenzabar rising above a penetration of 1 percent; its two offerings (CX and SX) had a combined tota of 4 percent. Fund raising and advancement showed more diversity, given the broader range of toos specificay aimed at that fied. Backbaud (Raiser s Edge) was the predominant soution for the institutions in the survey, with 37 percent saying that was their choice. The two offerings from SunGard were a cose second, with the company s Banner software used by 18 percent of the institutions and its Advance software by 11 percent. ERP/vendor Open source Homegrown Outsourced Student registration, grading, and transcripting 87% 0% 13% 0% Human resources 86% 0.5% 9.5% 4% Payro 83% 0% 7.5% 9.5% Advancement 84% 0.5% 10.5% 5% Library 80% 3% 7% 10%

15 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 13 Other companies with fund-raising toos incuded these: Datate Coeague: 10 percent Orace (PeopeSoft): 5 percent Sage (JSI) Miennium: 4 percent Software Repacements and Upgrades A major topic for a institutions is when to move from one software iteration to another. Here the patterns were fairy eveny spread over time: RuffaoCody: 2 percent Jenzabar CX and SX: 2 percent When wi wi you you ikey ikey repace repace or or make or make make a major a major a upgrade major upgrade to to the the foowing: to the foowing: Financias (GL, (GL, AP, AP, AR) AR) 22.9% 22.9% 18.8% 18.8% Payro Payro 24.1% 24.1% 22.5% 22.5% 20.8% 20.8% 37.5% 37.5% 16.8% 16.8% 36.6% 36.6% Student Student registration, grading, and and transcripting 25.9% 25.9% 18.1% 18.1% Advancement or fund or fund raising raising 16.8% 16.8% 26.0% 26.0% 21.2% 21.2% 34.7% 34.7% 26.0% 26.0% 31.2% 31.2% Financia aid aid 23.2% 23.2% 17.8% 17.8% Library Library 9.2% 9.2% 21.4% 21.4% 20.0% 20.0% 38.9% 38.9% 30.6% 30.6% 38.7% 38.7% Human Human resources 35.0% 35.0% 22.4% 22.4% Grants Grants management 18.1% 18.1% 28.8% 28.8% 16.7% 16.7% 39.5% 39.5% 25.6% 25.6% 27.5% 27.5% 0% 0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% 0% 0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% IN PROCESS IN NEXT NEXT YEARS YEARS NEXT NEXT YEARS YEARS MORE MORE THAN THAN 6 YEARS 6 YEARS

16 14 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION Modifying Vendor-Suppied Appications More than two-thirds of the institutions (67 percent) reported that they modify appications but very judiciousy. Just 11 per cent said that they modify them greaty, and 22 percent said that they do not modify appications. Do you modify your vendor-syppied appications? Do you modify your vendor-suppied appications? Yes, but very judiciousy Yes, greaty No 66.7% 11.6% 21.7% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Finay, 21 percent said that shadow systems, not under the direct contro of the IT department, sti pay a dominant roe in our information needs. Deving deeper into the state of shadow systems, the survey found that more than haf of the institutions (55 percent) say that such systems are discouraged and an additiona 23 percent said that the systems are rare or non-existent. But 22 percent said that shadow systems are common and reied upon for information needs. The use of shadow systems is decreasing: 57 percent of the institutions said that shadow systems are fewer in number than a few years ago. About 30 percent said that the systems are about the same in number. Respondents were abe to choose more than one seection, and about 20 percent said that shadow systems are ikey to diminish in importance in the future. But 7 percent said that the systems are growing in number as budgets to support centra IT get tight. And 3 percent expect that the shadow systems wi grow in the future. Of the coeges and universities that modify their systems, 80 percent said that they do the modifications in house. Ony 13 percent turn to the vendors themseves for the work, and 7 percent use third-party consutants. Coeges were aso asked how they depoy their various administrative information modues. About two-thirds (64 percent) said that the modues are tighty integrated with each other. Amost a third (31 percent) said the modues are oosey integrated. Ony 5 percent said that the modues are not integrated at a. Data Warehousing Haf of the coeges and universities have data warehousing in pace, and an additiona 35 percent are making pans to add warehousing. Just 15 percent of the institutions do not have warehousing and have no current pans to add it to their IT infrastructure. How Coeges Are Using Their Administrative Suites How do coeges actuay use their administrative toos? The approaches vary widey. Amost haf of the respondents said that they use their administrative suite for a administrative information needs. But 43 percent of the institutions added: We coud use it more effectivey if we had more time, training, or money. And 36 percent said: Whie it is the core for our information needs, we use other toos to generate information that has been gathered from our administrative appications.

17 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 15 How soon before you you consider consider a repacement a repacement for your for your current current course-management course-management system? system? 40% 37.5% 21.5% 20.5% 20.5% Academic Soutions and Issues Course Management Vendors suppy 70 percent of the current coursemanagement systems on the campuses in the survey. But open-source soutions have made some inroads, accounting for 21 percent of the systems. About 6 percent of the campuses outsource their coursemanagement systems, and 2 percent have deveoped their own systems. As might be expected, Backboard, the industry eader, commands a 61 percent share of the current coursemanagement systems being used as the institutiona standard. Moode, an open-source system, accounts for 17 percent of the systems. Ange, which was acquired by Backboard in 2009, has a 7 percent share. Desire2Learn, a commercia company, has a 5 percent share. Sakai, another open-source offering, has a 5 percent share. A arge number of campuses 38 percent of the respondents are currenty considering repacements for their course-management systems. An additiona 22 percent say they wi consider a repacement within two to five years, and 20 percent in more than three years. The remaining 20 percent said they did not know when they woud consider a new system. 30% 20% 10% 0% Currenty considering 2-3 years More than 3 years Don t know Community Labs Institutions were asked whether they support community abs. More than three-fourths (79%) say that they do. Of those, 24 percent said they continue to increase the number of abs avaiabe for genera use. Thirty-five percent said that they have about the same number of abs as they had five years ago. And 41 percent said they were not increasing the number of community abs but are increasing the avaiabiity of hot sites for peope to connect via oca-area networks or WiFi.

18 16 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION For facuty and staff e-mai, however, 89 percent of the institutions do not outsource e-mai. For the rest, 6 percent use Googe, 2 percent use Microsoft, and 4 percent use another provider. Infrastructure Desktop Virtuaization Desktop virtuaization is a hot topic on many campuses, with 21 percent of the institutions saying that they are using the too, and 57 percent saying that it is in the panning stages. The rest of the coeges 22 percent said they were not using desktop virtuaization and that it is not being panned. Of those that reported using desktop virtuaization, more than 50 percent isted VMWare, 30 percent isted Citrix, and the rest used severa other soutions. Institutionay Owned PC s Economic conditions do not appear to be cutting into the number of computers on many campuses. The tota number of PC s owned by the institution increased from previous years at amost two-thirds of the coeges and universities in the survey (63 percent). The number stayed the same at about 34 percent. Ony 2 percent reported a decrease; the rest did not know. Timetabes for repacing desktop computers varied widey. Thirty-six percent of the campuses said they had increased the time between repacements, whie 46 percent said they had not changed the time. Nine percent said they are repacing PC s more frequenty than in the past, whie 8 percent said that they had no desktop-repacement pan at a. Network Bandwidth Increases in bandwidth are widespread: 85 percent of the institutions reported that the bandwidth avaiabe for students, facuty and staff members, and other constituents increased in the past two years. For the remaining 15 percent, bandwidth stayed the same in the past two years. No institutions reported a decrease in bandwidth. Sixty-eight percent use toos to shape bandwidth use, whie 32 percent do not. Packeteer is the soution for the majority of the institutions, athough some use other toos, the most common being Pao Ato. Wireess Activity Wi-Fi is prevaent: 73 percent of the coeges and universities said that it is avaiabe to everyone on the campus. At a few 6 percent of the campuses more traffic is handed through wireess connections than through wired connections. The institutions varied in the extent to which their wireess networks are subject to specia security measures. At 56 percent of the campuses, wireess networks are protected and monitored. At 49 percent, wireess security is part of overa campus security. At 28 percent, Wi-Fi is restricted to certain areas. E-Mai Outsourcing Haf of the coeges and universities surveyed outsource their e-mai for students. Of those, Googe is the provider for 25 percent of the institutions, Microsoft is the provider for 20 percent, and 5 percent used another provider.

19 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 17 Fuy 55 percent of the institutions have designated a Chief Security Officer (CSO). An additiona 8 per cent pan to identify one in the next year. Thirty-seven percent do not have a CSO and have not made pans for one in the near future. IT Security Security is a major concern on campuses, and a majority of the institutions in the survey are refecting that concern in their personne decisions, financia support, and most expect to continue to need to do so. Security Personne IT support for security both in personne and in financia backing increased in the past two years at 48 percent of the institutions and stayed the same at 49 Do percent. you have Ony someone 3 percent designated of them as reported a a decrease. Chief Security Officer (CSO)? Do you have someone designated as a Chief Security Officer (CSO)? 60% 40% 20% 0% 54.8% Yes 37.7% No 7.5% Not yet, but we pan to identify one in the next year For the institutions that do have such a position, the CSO s at 91 percent report to the Chief Information Officer (CIO) or other eader in the IT unit. Ony a handfu report to other officias. Security Issues in the Future and Audits Sixty-five percent of the respondents expect security issues to continue to be a major probem. Thirty-five percent expect the issues wi stay the same in the future. None expect that security issues wi diminish over time. Seventy-one percent of the institutions have competed an IT security audit, whie 24 percent have not done an audit but pan to conduct one in the future. Just 5 percent have no pans for a security audit. For the institutions that have competed an audit, 35 percent pan to repeat the audit annuay or more often; 45 percent pan to repeat the audit every two years or onger; and 20 percent were not sure about the frequency of future audits. In a simiar vein, forma security pans have been adopted by 44 percent of institutions, whie 41 percent are working on one, and 15 percent do not have a pan and are not working on one. Existing pans are updated at east annuay by 56 percent of the institutions. Turning to more specific panning, 77 percent of institutions have a pan to resume mission-critica IT operations in case of a crisis, and 19 percent have such a pan in process. Just 4 percent do not have a pan or a process to create one. Testing of such pans is performed annuay by 27 percent of institutions and more than once a year by 6 percent. But 39 percent test ess frequenty than annuay, and 28 percent have never tested their pans to resume mission-critica operations. The institutions aso vary widey in their abiity to recover quicky in the event of a disaster. Some 28 percent have a fuy redundant data center that woud aow a systems to be up and running in ess than a week foowing a major incident, and 42 percent are panning

20 18 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION such capabiity. But 30 percent say they do not have and are not panning such a data center. Spending on Security Spending on IT security increased over the past five years at 67 percent of the institutions and stayed the same at 25 percent. It decreased at six percent, and 2 percent of the respondents were not sure about spending eves. These patterns emerged in the spending on IT security: More than a 50% increase: 16 percent A 50% increase: 8 percent A 25% increase: 51 percent! Stayed the same: 20 percent A 25% decrease: 4 percent A 50% decrease: 1 percent A substantia number of institutions either have (11 percent) or are considering (47 percent) impementation of mutifactor authentication soutions as part of their security pan. Among the soutions mentioned were Safeword, VPN, PKI USB, Active Directory, SecurID, IBM Tivioi, CISCO, CAC readers, LDAP, and Microsoft SmartCard. Community service or outreach: 1 percent Not sure: 5 percent The decision to adopt coud-computing soutions invoved weighing these factors both pro and con: Saving money: 80 percent Protection of sensitive data and information: 71 percent Concern about security: 67 percent Concern about privacy: 65 percent Ownership of data: 65 percent Abiity to bring new activities onine quicky: 63 percent Access to data and information in the coud: 55 percent Redistribution of IT resources: 52 percent Software in the Coud E-mai is overwhemingy the most prevaent soution that is being used in the coud or being considered, with 75 percent of the institutions reporting that appication. What is in the coud? A snapshot of functions campus CIOs reports are now operated off campus. E-mai Socia Networking Coud Computing Coud soutions are being used on 46 percent of the campuses in the survey, and an additiona 48 percent are considering such soutions. Just 6 percent have no interest in coud computing. Here s how coud computing is being used now: Mix of academic and administrative and communityservice activities: 41 percent Mosty academic (teaching and earning): 36 percent Mosty management needs (administrative information): 17 percent Library Appications Aumni Appications Desktop Toos (i.e., MS Office) Enroment Management, Registration, Grading Financia Appications 0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

21 2010 Survey of Chief Information Officers 19 After e-mai, these areas are being used or considered: Socia networking: 47 percent Library appications: 18 percent Aumni appications: 15 percent Desktop toos (ike Microsoft Office): 13 percent Student appications (enroment management, registration, grades): 9 percent Financia appications: 4 percent Other: 26 percent (incuding course-management soutions, project-management toos, and a variety of other soutions) Outook for the Future The survey asked CIO s to ist the top three new and emerging technoogies they are considering. The answers incuded a wide range of comments, from tiny to huge. Here are some of them that go beyond specifics in the main body of the survey (such as coud computing, outsourcing, etc.), and many of which were mentioned by severa respondents: Mobie Computing 49 Coud Computing 42 Networking Technoogies 41 Business Inteigence 26 Virtua Desktop 25 Web apps incuding Socia Networking 20 Desktop Virtuaization 19 Video Technoogies 17 Security Technoogies 17 Learning Management Tech 15 ebooks 10 METHODOLOGY The Chronice of Higher Education s Leadership Board for CIO s, working with Dr. Michae Zastrocky and Michae Soomon from The Chronice, deveoped a survey for CIO s with a set of questions designed to provide both strategic and tactica information concerning major issues facing higher education CIO s around the word. Dr. Zastrocky worked with Leadership Board members on content and question deveopment, whie Mr. Soomon worked with Chronice staff members on the ogistics for administering the survey. They prepared a ist of amost 1,100 CIO s from a diverse group of institutions around the word and sent invitations to them to compete the survey. The onine survey was conducted beginning in March After two weeks, the survey was cosed with 236 responses. Demographics Proportion of respondents by type of institution: Research universities: 28 percent Doctora-granting institution: 20 percent 4-year institution with Master s degree programs: 27 percent 4-year coeges with no graduate programs: 13 percent 2-year coeges: 12 percent Proportion of respondents by institution size, based on fu-time equivaent enroment: Fewer than 3,000 students: 20 percent 3,000 to 4,999 students: 11 percent 5,000 to 9,999 students: 18 percent 10,000 to 24,999 students: 28 percent 25,000 students or more: 23 percent

22 20 THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION A NThony Harte Chief Technoogy Officer Ivy Tech Community Coege Members of The Chronice Leadership Board for CIO s g Ary Aerts Interim CIO University of Nebraska at Lincon S TEve Beaty Interim Vice President of Information Technoogy Metropoitan State Coege of Denver r EId Christenberry Assistant Vice President and CIO Georgia Perimeter Coege B rian Cohen CIO and Vice President The City University of New York L EONArd DeBotton Vice President of Information Systems Berkeey Coege J Erome DeSanto Vice President for Panning and CIO University of Scranton g Erard P. Drahos CIO The Research Foundation of the State University of New York E LIAS Edayrie CIO University of Forida J AN I. Fox Senior Vice President for Information Technoogy/CIO Marsha University N Aveed Husain CIO Queens Coege, CUNY v INCE Keen CIO University of Kentucky m Ark Legg CIO Finders University d Avid E. Lewis Vice Provost and Chief Information Officer University of Rochester L ES Loyd CIO Saint Leo University r IChard Mendoa VP/CIO Emory University k AThy Monday Vice President for Information Services and CIO University of Richmond A LLAN Morris CIO RMIT University L ígia Maria Ribeiro Pró-Reitora para a Universidade Digita Universidade do Porto A NThony Schmidt CIO and Executive Director, Office of IT St. George s University m. Lewis Temares Vice President and CIO University of Miami r Odney Tosten Vice President for Information Technoogy Gettysburg Coege

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