EARLY OUTBREAK OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT IN DENMARK 2011
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1 11. OCTOBER 2011 EARLY OUTBREAK OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT IN DENMARK 2011 BENT J. NIELSEN, JENS GRØNBECH HANSEN & LARS BØDKER UNI VERSITET
2 EARLY OUTBREAK IN DENMARK 2011 Relatively warm/dry April and first half of May Many days with rain 2nd half of May Early emergence already from mid May Periods with high infection pressure May-June First outbreak of LB South and Mid Jutland 15 June Start of sprayings on established attacks LB was finally controlled but with high fungicide input 2
3 LB monitoring and warning systems in Denmark Recording of first attacks location, source, variety, date of recording, outbreak size, BBCH Verified. Calculated infection pressure (HSPO): Temperature > 10C RH > 88 % 3
4 Infection pressure Southern DK 2010 and
5 Infection pressure Southern DK 2010 and 2011 Emergence 1. Outbreak LB in untreated field plots 5
6 Infection pressure Southern DK 2010 and 2011 Emergence 1. Outbreak LB in untreated field plots 6
7 South Denmark 15 June 2011 (Jyndevad) Many lesions on lower leaves Spread by rain splash 7
8 Mid Denmark 15 June 2011, Kuras (Karup) 8
9 Calculated infection pressure for each month Askov, Denmark Risk of sporulation [hours] June July August September? > 3 fields with attacks from Oopores 1-3 fields with attacks from Oopores
10 Infection pressure Southern DK 2010 and 2011 Emergence Favorable conditions late June - July 10
11 Possible infections from oospores (o) o o o o 11
12 Field situation 2011 Attacks of late blight mid June Many fields with attacks mid- late June Sprayings 1-2 weeks too late in many fields Later LB was controlled with more intensive sprayings 12
13 Control of late blight in field trials jun 05-jul 12 -july 19-july 26-july 02-aug 10-aug 17-aug 24-aug 01-sep 09-sep 16-sep Flakkebj. Sunds Dr.Lund aug 01-sep 01-sep 1 untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr 98,8 100,0 86,0 2 Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane 26,8 3,0 13,0 3 S S 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S S 7,0 0,5 8,0 4 S S 0,4Re RIDOMIL 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S 0,9 0,6 10,0 5 S S Re Re Re Re Re Re S S S S 4,5 0,5 8,0 Spray date for Flakkebjerg. (The blocks started 8-11 days earlier at Sunds and Dronninglund) Development of late blight 7-14 days later at Sunds and Dronninglund Dithane 2,o Dithane NT S 0,4 Shirlan 0,4Re 0,4 Revus Re 0,6 Revus RIDOMI L 2,0 Ridomil Gold 13
14 Control of late blight in field trials jun 05-jul 12 -july 19-july 26-july 02-aug 10-aug 17-aug 24-aug 01-sep 09-sep 16-sep Flakkebj. Sunds Dr.Lund aug 01-sep 01-sep 1 untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr 98,8 100,0 86,0 2 Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane 26,8 3,0 13,0 3 S S 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S S 7,0 0,5 8,0 4 S S 0,4Re RIDOMIL 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S 0,9 0,6 10,0 5 S S Re Re Re Re Re Re S S S S 4,5 0,5 8,0 Spray date for Flakkebjerg. (The blocks started 8-11 days earlier at Sunds and Dronninglund) Development of late blight 7-14 days later at Sunds and Dronninglund Dithane 2,o Dithane NT S 0,4 Shirlan 0,4Re 0,4 Revus Re 0,6 Revus RIDOMI L 2,0 Ridomil Gold 14
15 Control of late blight in field trials jun 05-jul 12 -july 19-july 26-july 02-aug 10-aug 17-aug 24-aug 01-sep 09-sep 16-sep Flakkebj. Sunds Dr.Lund aug 01-sep 01-sep 1 untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr 98,8 100,0 86,0 2 Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane 26,8 3,0 13,0 3 S S 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S S 7,0 0,5 8,0 4 S S 0,4Re RIDOMIL 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S 0,9 0,6 10,0 5 S S Re Re Re Re Re Re S S S S 4,5 0,5 8,0 Spray date for Flakkebjerg. (The blocks started 8-11 days earlier at Sunds and Dronninglund) Development of late blight 7-14 days later at Sunds and Dronninglund Dithane 2,o Dithane NT S 0,4 Shirlan 0,4Re 0,4 Revus Re 0,6 Revus RIDOMI L 2,0 Ridomil Gold 15
16 AARHUS Control of late blight in field trials jun 05-jul 12 -july 19-july 26-july 02-aug 10-aug 17-aug 24-aug 01-sep 09-sep 16-sep Flakkebj. Sunds Dr.Lund aug 01-sep 01-sep 1 untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr 98,8 100,0 86,0 2 Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane 26,8 3,0 13,0 3 S S 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S S 7,0 0,5 8,0 4 S S 0,4Re RIDOMIL 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S 0,9 0,6 10,0 5 S S Re Re Re Re Re Re S S S S 4,5 0,5 8,0 Spray date for Flakkebjerg. (The blocks started 8-11 days earlier at Sunds and Dronninglund) Development of late blight 7-14 days later at Sunds and Dronninglund 100 Dithane 2,o Dithane NT S 0,4 Shirlan 0,4Re 0,4 Revus Re 0,6 Revus RIDOMI L 2,0 Ridomil Gold Flakkebjerg Sunds Dronninglund
17 AARHUS Control of late blight in field trials jun 05-jul 12 -july 19-july 26-july 02-aug 10-aug 17-aug 24-aug 01-sep 09-sep 16-sep Flakkebj. Sunds Dr.Lund aug 01-sep 01-sep 1 untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr untr 98,8 100,0 86,0 2 Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane Dithane 26,8 3,0 13,0 3 S S 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S S 7,0 0,5 8,0 4 S S 0,4Re RIDOMIL 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re 0,4Re S S S 0,9 0,6 10,0 5 S S Re Re Re Re Re Re S S S S 4,5 0,5 8,0 Spray date for Flakkebjerg. (The blocks started 8-11 days earlier at Sunds and Dronninglund) Development of late blight 7-14 days later at Sunds and Dronninglund 100 Dithane 2,o Dithane NT S 0,4 Shirlan 0,4Re 0,4 Revus Re 0,6 Revus RIDOMI L 2,0 Ridomil Gold Flakkebjerg Sunds Dronninglund
18 Field trials with different dose models (Kuras) Flakkebjerg Sunds Dronninglund %St.Dose 05-sep %St.Dose 09-sep %St.Dose 01-sep 1 2,0 Dithane NT ,6 Revus/0,2 Ranman 100 3, , ,3 Revus/0,1 Ranman Dosemodel ,3 89 0, Dosemodel ,8 75 0, Dosemodel 3 (+Ridomil) 93 0,8 95 0, lsd(95) 1,3 Dosemodel: dose x interval depends on prescence of blight in the area, infectioin pressure and variety (Arras, 2010) Recommends lower dose especially in begining of season Dosemodel 2 reduce dose further %St.Dose: Fungicide use relative to standard, full dose 18
19 Field trials with different dose models (Kuras) Flakkebjerg Sunds Dronninglund %St.Dose 05-sep %St.Dose 09-sep %St.Dose 01-sep 1 2,0 Dithane NT ,6 Revus/0,2 Ranman 100 3, , ,3 Revus/0,1 Ranman Dosemodel ,3 89 0, Dosemodel ,8 75 0, Dosemodel 3 (+Ridomil) 93 0,8 95 0, lsd(95) 1,3 %St.Dose: Fungicide use relative to standard, full dose 19
20 Field trials with different dose models (Kuras) Flakkebjerg Sunds Dronninglund %St.Dose 05-sep %St.Dose 09-sep %St.Dose 01-sep 1 2,0 Dithane NT ,6 Revus/0,2 Ranman 100 3, , ,3 Revus/0,1 Ranman Dosemodel ,3 89 0, Dosemodel ,8 75 0, Dosemodel 3 (+Ridomil) 93 0,8 95 0, lsd(95) 1,3 %St.Dose: Fungicide use relative to standard, full dose 20
21 Fungicide use in dose models relative to standard, full dose (=100) n=6 n=9 n=3 Dosemodel1 Dosemodel 2 Dose models gave same control as standard full dose. Same economy as standard Dithane ( ) 21
22 2011 summary. Early emergence under relatively humid conditions Infections from oospores/soil: ofirst (few) unnotioced oospore infections mid May olater infections from soil early-mid June Secondary infections (2-3 cycles) starting mid May early June leading to first severe attack 15 June Favorable conditions late June- September (!) 22
23 2011 Many farmers started spraying on established infections Blight was finally controlled but with high fungicide input (30%-50% more, in some fields 100% more) Ridomil was used in many fields (only one application allowed). Still seems to work. But lack of other good curative products. 23
24 2012? Effective strategies under high disease pressure (dose x interval, curative actions) Improvements in the calculated infection pressure (more operational information, better explanation) Analysisi of oospore/soil infection/early outbreaks. (Models/recomendations) Analysis of population structure (new genotypes?) 24
25 25
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