Gröna Tåget Developing an attractive and efficient high-speed train concept for the Scandinavian market

Transcription

1 Gröna Tåget Developing an attractive and efficient high-speed train concept for the Scandinavian market Evert Andersson, KTH Aeronautical & Vehicle engineering KTH Transport Day, 30 November 2011

2 Partners in the research programme Gröna Tåget (The Green Train) Research and research coordination Gröna Tåget Regina 250 the Swedish Transport Administration Total budget: MSEK and some more KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 2

3 What is Gröna Tåget? Gröna Tåget should serve as a bank of ideas, proposals and technical solutions for operators, infrastructure managers and industry Attractive and functional for travellers Accessible for all convenient entrances and luggage storage Reduced travel time higher speeds (top speed 250 km/h or more + carbody tilt to run fast in curves) Many seats in a given train length and very comfortable Low cost - for profitability and lower ticket prices in a market exposed to competition Track-friendly, which means less wear to track and wheels and also enables high speed on non-perfect track Even lower energy use and less noise than trains of today Reliability even in the Nordic wnter climate Gröna Tåget is no physical train, but a green train concept, pending implementation KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 3

4 The reference is X 2000 Reference: SJ X 2000 (delivered ) KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 4

5 Stockholm Oslo Aarhus Jyväskylä Gävle Population centres >1 million inhabitants 0,5-1,0 million inh thousand inh thousand inh thousand inh. Possible lines with Gröna Tåget services in Scandinavia Trondheim Östersund Luleå Skellefteå Umeå Örnsköldsvik Rovaniemi Oulu Kuopio Jyväskylä Joensuu Sundsvall Tampere Lahti Shorter travelling time on existing network Some infrastructure upgading is necessary Also suitable for future high-speed links Bergen Stavanger Esbjerg Bremen Kristiansand Oslo Gothenburg Aalborg Moss Uddevalla Trollhättan Copenhagen Halmstad Helsingborg Odense Hamburg Varberg Mora Borlänge Västerås Örebro Eskilstuna Lund Malmö Falun Gävle Norrköping Linköping Kalmar Karlskrona Uppsala Stockholm Turku Helsinki Tallinn Riga Railways in Scandinavia S:t Petersburg Proposed new link (with Gröna Kiev Tåget) Service by Gröna Tåget Other line (not all shown) Map: Oskar Fröidh, 2011 KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 5

6 The Gröna Tåget concept Small units (~ 300 seats) to run in multiple by demand ( seats) - Capacity according to need (higher load factor) - Different destinations by coupling/uncoupling (avoiding train change) Gröna tåget (wide body) approx. 300 seats 108 m Wide body Gröna Tåget Gröna tåget (continental profile) approx. 300 seats 134 m Continental width X 2000 (normal profile) 309 seats 165 m Wide body (~3,3 m interior) allowing one more comfortable seat abreast will alone reduce cost (per seat-km) by about 13 %. Illustration by Oskar Fröidh, 2010 Present X 2000, 309 seats In total: About 25 % reduced cost (per pass-km), compared X 2000

7 Attractive for travellers Research on traveller s preferences Innovation (KTH + Konstfack) For comfort, functionality and space utilization (examples) Individual armrests very important for comfort New under-seat design and thin seatbacks allows some 15 % more seats with the same passenger acceptance

8 Further examples for attractiveness Functionality and comfort for useful travel time Adjustable neck rest Lumbar support Head rests Table design And a lot of other useful features - for clothes - for luggage and prams - etc Space for lap-top. Adjustable table depth. Edges to prevent fall-off. Cup-holders.

9 Testing of technologies Bogies, noise, aerodynamics, propulsion, winter protection Prototype and certification testing : Modified Regina wide-body EMU train STEP Improved radial steered bogies (self-steering) Bogie noise shield STEP Modified radial steered bogies with Active Lateral Suspension (ALS) Permanent magnet motors Mechatronic bogies w Active Radial Steering (ARS) Bogie noise shield Endurance & reliability testing in revenue service ( )

10 Track friendly bogies and suspension (Bombardier + KTH + Trafikverket + SJ) Track-friendly bogies (passive self-steering + mechatronic) Track forces + running stability measured by instrumented wheels Ride quality on non-perfect track, including active suspension Simulation, hardware, certification testing, endurance testing.

11 Propulsion and current collection (Bombardier + KTH + Schunk + Trafikverket) Permanent Magnet (PM) Motors are successfully developed. Benefits are - Reduced losses, higher energy efficiency - Reduced need for cooling - Reduced mass and size; improved power/mass ratio. Improved pantograph for multiple operation on medium-quality catenary at high speed (tested up to 303 km/h on catenary for 200 km/h)

12 Further studies and testing (KTH + Chalmers + VTI + Bombardier + SJ + Trafikverket) Aerodynamics Winter climate protection at high-speed operation Carbody tilt systems performance & measures to reduce motion sickness. Noise reduction (external + internal) Market, economy, capacity in mixed traffic Travel time and energy use Winter testing

13 The climate challenge in Scandinavia (Bombardier + Transrail) Brödtext dajsdf ajpsdf pasjdf asjdf jasdf jasdpfoj sdjof sdjfsjodf pasdjfjoasdp fjp Rubrik 3-6 months average below zero Occasionally 40 C Heavy snowfall A lot of measures must be applied compared to a standard high-speed train, in order to be able to operate in the low temperatures and snow conditions. Many of these measures must be considered early in the design phase. Bogie in snow

14 Energy use (KTH + Bombardier) It is expected that energy use (per passenger-km) will be reduced by %, compared with present X 2000, despite higher speed This because of - Improved aerodynamics + permanent magnet motor drives - More energy regeneration and eco-driving - Improved space utilization + slightly higher load factor

15 Slut Environmental performance, reliability, lower cost and traveller attractiveness (KTH + Konstfack) can be improved in parallel with higher speed. Evert Andersson everta@kth.se December 4, 2011 KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 15

16 Extra KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 16

17 Seated 2+3 in wide body train? Research has shown that the 2+3 layout is almost as valued as More than 50% of time the middle seat is empty - Some travellers want to be seated 3 abreast - Wide and spacious interior Individual armrests are preferred. KTH Transport Day - Partner Collaboration Conference 17