BT.656VideoInterfaceforICs
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1 T.656VideoInterfaceforIs ApplicationNote July22 AN972.2 Introduction When ITU- T.6, formally I-6, was developed (which defined the br color space, the 4:2:2 br sampling organization, and sampling resolutions), it was soonfollowedbyitu-t.656(formallyi-656). T.656definedtheparallelandserialinterfacesfortransmitting4:2:2brdigitalvideobetweenequipmentinstudio and pro-video applications. Active video resolutions are either72x46(525/6videosystems)or72x576 (625/5videosystems). TheT.656parallelinterfaceusesorbitsofmultiplexed brdataanda27mzclock(ellevelsareusedforthe data and clock signals). Instead of the conventional video timing signals (SN, VSN, and LANK) also being transmitted, T.656 uses unique timing codes embedded withinthevideostream.thisreducesthenumberofwires (andipins)requiredforat.656videointerface. Ancillarydigitalinformation(suchasaudio,closedcaptioning,andteletext)mayalsobetransmittedduringtheblankingintervals.Thiseliminatestheneedforaseparateaudio interfaceandadditionalcontrolsignals. ecauseofitscapabilities,attlcompatibleversionofthe parallelinterfaceisnowbeingusedasachip-to-chipinterfaceforvideois. brvideostream The4:2:2brdataismultiplexedintoan-bitor-bit stream:b r b 2 2 r 2,etc.iguresand2illustrate the format for 525/6 and 625/5 video systems, respectively,using-bitbrdata. Aftereachcode,thestreamofactivedatawordsalways beginswithabsample.inthemultiplexedsequence,the co-sitedsamples(thosethatcorrespondtothesamepoint onthepicture)aregroupedasb,,r. Eachlineofvideoissampledat3.5Mz,generating72 activesamplesof24-bit4:4:4brdata,asshowninigures3and4.thisisconvertedto6-bit4:2:2brdata, resultingin72activesamplesofperline,and36active sampleseachofbandrperline. The data and the br data are multiplexed, and the 3.5Mz sample clock rate is increased by two times to 27Mz. ONTOLSIGNAL STATO STATOATIVE NET ODE ODE O-SITED 4 26 O-SITED 4 44 STEAM 76 IGUE. T.656-ITPAALLELINTEAEDATAOMATO525/6SSTEMS --INTESILor Intersil(anddesign)isaregisteredtrademarkofIntersilAmericasInc. opyright IntersilAmericasInc.22.Allightseserved
2 ApplicationNote972 ONTOLSIGNAL STATO STATOATIVE NET ODE ODE O-SITED 4 2 O-SITED 4 44 STEAM 72 IGUE2. T.656-ITPAALLELINTEAEDATAOMATO625/5SSTEMS T=/3.5Mz T=/3.5Mz 6T 2T 3T (72-57) 5%SN ATIVE 72T (-79) 5T (-57) 44T (72-63) 5%SN ATIVE 72T (-79) 64T (-63) IGUE3. T.656OIZONTALTIMINGELATIONSIPO 525/6SSTEMS IGUE4. T.656OIZONTALTIMINGELATIONSIPO 625/5SSTEMS andtimingodes (startofactivevideo)and(endofactivevideo) codesareembeddedwithinthebrvideostream.they eliminatetheneedforthesn,vsn,andlanktimingsignalsnormallyusedinavideosystem.theand sequencesareshownintable. Thestatusword,whichalsoindicateswhetheritisan orsequence,isdefinedas: =forfield;=forfield2 V=duringverticalblanking =at,=at P3-P=protectionbits P3=V P2= P= V P= V where representstheexclusive-ofunction.theseprotectionbitsenablesingle-biterrorstobedetectedandcor- rected (and some multiple bit errors detected) at the receiver.althoughtheyshouldalwaysbegeneratedinvideo Iinterconnectapplications,theyareusuallyignoredbythe receivingi. T.656usestheT.6-definedverticalblankingintervals, asshowninigures5and6.owever,notethatactiveresolutionsotherthan72x46and72x576maybesupported(effectively cropping theimage) by adjusting where the and codes and vertical blanking intervals occur. SquarePixelVariation A variation using square pixels has been developed, althoughnotendorsedbythet.656standard.insteadofa 27Mz clock, a 24.54Mz clock is used for 525/6 video systems(64x4activeresolution),anda29.5mzclockis usedfor625/5videosystems(76x576activeresolution). igures7andillustratethedataformat,igures9and illustratethehorizontaltimingrelationships,andigures and2showtheverticalblankingintervals. 2
3 ApplicationNote972 TALE. T.656ANDSEQUENE -ITDATA -ITDATA D9 (MS) D D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D D Preamble StatusWord V P3 P2 P P 4 (V=) IELD (=) IELD ATIVE 2(V=) NUME V (V=) IELD2 (=) IELD2 ATIVE 23(V=) = = 525(V=) IGUE5. TPIALT.656VETIALINTEVALSO525/6SSTEMS IELD (=) IELD ATIVE (V=) 23(V=) NUME V (V=) 336(V=) IELD2 (=) IELD2 ATIVE (V=) (V=) = = IGUE6. TPIALT.656VETIALINTEVALSO625/5SSTEMS 3
4 4 IGUE9. OIZONTALTIMINGELATIONSIPOSQUAE PIEL525/6SSTEMS IGUE. OIZONTALTIMINGELATIONSIPOSQUAE PIEL625/5SSTEMS IGUE7. -ITDATAOMATOSQUAEPIEL525/6SSTEMS STATO ODE ODE O-SITED STATOATIVE NET ONTOLSIGNAL O-SITED STEAM IGUE. -ITDATAOMATOSQUAEPIEL625/5SSTEMS STATO ODE ODE O-SITED STATOATIVE NET ONTOLSIGNAL O-SITED STEAM T=/2.27Mz 23T 5%SN 4T (64-779) ATIVE 64T (-639) 7T (-779) T=/4.75Mz 23T 5%SN 76T (76-943) ATIVE 76T (-767) 944T (-943) ApplicationNote972
5 ApplicationNote972 4 (V=) IELD (=) IELD ATIVE 23(V=) NUME V (V=) IELD2 (=) IELD2 ATIVE 26(V=) = = 525(V=) IGUE. TPIALVETIALINTEVALSOSQUAEPIEL525/6SSTEMS IELD (=) IELD ATIVE (V=) 23(V=) NUME V (V=) 336(V=) IELD2 (=) IELD2 ATIVE (V=) (V=) = = IGUE2. TPIALVETIALINTEVALSOSQUAEPIEL625/5SSTEMS AncillaryData Ancillarydatapacketsareusedtotransmitinformationsuch as digital audio, captioning information, and teletext data. T.656discussesancillarydataonlyinverygeneralterms; thesmpte29mstandardgoesintomuchmoredetail. On scan lines containing active video data, ancillary data maybetransmittedinthetimebetweenthesequence andsequence(horizontalblanking).onblankedscan linesduringtheverticalblankingintervals,ancillarydatamay betransmittedatanytime. Therearetwotypesofancillarydataformats,asshownin Tables2and3.Ingeneral,Type(anolderformat)usesa single data ID word to indicate the type of ancillary data, Type2(anewerformat)usestwowordsforthedataID. DataID(DID) TheDataIDwordindicatesthetypeofdatabeingsent.The assignmentofmostofthedataidvaluesiscontrolledbythe ITUandSMPTEtoensureequipmentcompatibility.AfewID valuesareavailableforuserapplicationsthatdon trequire registration. Video Is for the P multimedia market use theseuser-applicationidcodestoavoidcontentionwithprofessionalvideoequipment. 5
6 ApplicationNote972 TALE2. TPEANILLADATAPAKETOMAT -ITDATA -ITDATA D9(MS) D D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D D Preamble DataID PA PA Valueofto DatalockNumber PA PA Valueofto DataWordount PA PA Valueofto UserDataWord Valueofto : : UserDataWordN Valueofto hecksum PA SumofD DofdataIDthroughlastuserdataword.Presettoallzeros;carryisignored. NOTES:. PA=evenparityforD D7. 2. D=invertedvalueofDbit. 3. -bitdataistransferredusingthed2 D9bits TALE3. TPE2ANILLADATAPAKETOMAT -ITDATA -ITDATA D9(MS) D D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D D Preamble DataID PA PA Valueofto SecondaryID PA PA Valueofto DataWordount PA PA Valueofto UserDataWord Valueofto : : UserDataWordN Valueofto hecksum PA SumofD DofdataIDthroughlastuserdataword.Presettoallzeros;carryisignored. NOTES: 4. PA=evenparityforD D bitdataistransferredusingthed2 D9bits. 6
7 ApplicationNote972 SecondaryID(SDID):Type2ormatOnly DatalockNumber(DN):TypeormatOnly TheSecondaryDataIDwordisalsopartofthedataIDfor Type2ancillaryformats.TheassignmentofmostoftheSecondary Data ID values is also controlled by the ITU and SMPTEtoensureequipmentcompatibility.AfewSDIDvaluesareavailableforuserapplicationsthatdon trequireregistration.videoisforthepmultimediamarketusethese user-applicationsdidcodestoavoidcontentionwithprofessionalvideoequipment. TheDatalockNumberwordisusedtoallowmultipleancillary packets (sharing the same data ID) to be put back together at the receiver. This is the case when there are morethan255userdatawordsrequiredtobetransmitted, thusrequiringmorethanoneancillarypackettobeused. TheDatalockNumbervalueincrementsbyoneforeach consecutiveancillarypacket. DataWordount(D) The Data Word ount word specifies the number of user datawordsinthepacket. UserDataWords(UDW) Upto255userdatawordsmaybepresentinthepacket.- bitvaluesof and arenotallowed;-bitvaluesof -3 and3-3 arenotallowed. DataLimits brandancillarydatamaynotusethe-bitvaluesof and sincethosevaluesareusedfortiminginformation.or-bitsystems,the-bitvalues -3 and 3-3 maynotbeusedtoavoidcontentionwith-bit systems. Duringblankingintervals,unlessancillarydataispresent, values must be set to (4 if a -bit system) and brvaluessetto (2 ifa-bitsystem). Implementationonsiderations VideoIeceivers Onlytheandsequencesshouldbeusedtorecover thevideotiming.assumptionsshouldnotbemadeaboutthe numberofclockcyclesperlineorhorizontalblankinginterval.otherwise,theimplementationmaynotworkwithrealworldvideosignalsandproposedvariationssuchasscaled video. Someoldervideosourcesalsoindicatesynctimingbyhavingdatabeavalueoflessthan6.owever,newvideo Ishavetheoptionofoutputtingdigitaldata(suchasclosed captioning and teletext) during the blanking intervals. In addition, to allow real-world video and test signals to be passed through with minimum disruption, many also now allowthedatatohaveavaluelessthan6duringactive video.thus,receiverdesignsassumingsynctimingwillbe presentonthechannelwillnolongerworkwiththese neweris. ormaximumcompatibilitywhenprocessingancillarydata, oncethedatawordountvalue(n)isread,itshoulddisablethepreambledetectioncircuitryforn+words.some proposedvariationsallowtheuserdatatohavethe-bit valuesof and and-bitvaluesof -3 and 3-3. VideoISources Toensuremaximumcompatibility,activevideodatashould betransmittedasacontiguousstreamofdata,withavalid datawordeachclockcycle.ifthereareanyvariationsinthe linelength,thehorizontaldigitalblankinginterval(theintervalbetweentheandsequences)shouldbeshortenedorlengthenedtoreflectthetruelinetiming. Summary ThisApplicationNotepresentedsomeofthecapabilitiesof thet.656interfaceasappliedforis. UsingNTSandPALdecoders(suchastheMP6)and encoders(suchasthemp7andmp73)thatsupport the T.656 interface can simplify system design and lowercost,whileallowingnewcapabilities. AllIntersilU.S.productsaremanufactured,assembledandtestedutilizingISO9qualitysystems. Intersilorporation squalitycertificationscanbeviewedatwww.intersil.com/design/quality Intersilproductsaresoldbydescriptiononly.Intersilorporationreservestherighttomakechangesincircuitdesign,softwareand/orspecificationsatanytimewithout notice.accordingly,thereaderiscautionedtoverifythatdatasheetsarecurrentbeforeplacingorders.informationfurnishedbyintersilisbelievedtobeaccurateand reliable.owever,noresponsibilityisassumedbyintersiloritssubsidiariesforitsuse;norforanyinfringementsofpatentsorotherrightsofthirdpartieswhichmayresult fromitsuse.nolicenseisgrantedbyimplicationorotherwiseunderanypatentorpatentrightsofintersiloritssubsidiaries. orinformationregardingintersilorporationanditsproducts,seewww.intersil.com 7
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