Ecological Scheduling Decision Support System Based on RIA and Cloud Computing on the YaLong River Cascade Project

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1 2012 4h Inernaional Conference on Signal Processing Sysems (ICSPS 2012) IPCSIT vol. 58 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: /IPCSIT.2012.V58.31 Ecological Scheduling Decision Suppor Sysem Based on RIA and Cloud Compuing on he YaLong River Cascade Projec Xu Gang 1, Li Shao-Cai 2 and Sun Hai-Long College of Hydraulic and Environmenal Engineering, China Three Gorges Universiy, YiChang, China 2 College of Life Science, Sichuan Universiy, ChengDu, China Absrac. Wih he case of decision suppor sysem for ecological scheduling on he YaLong river cascade projec, he principle of ecological scheduling decision was analyzed. The compuing mehod of ecological flow was sudied and he ecological scheduling model was buil. This paper presen he decision making echnique. The sysem soluion and key echniques were discussed. An inegraed sysem for ecological scheduling decision-suppor sysem was designed under he environmen of RIA. Based on he cloud compuing, a scalable archiecure for disribued sysem was buil. Keywords: RIA; cloud compuing; decision suppor sysem ecological operaion schedule; 1. Inroducion China is a counry where waer conservancy and hydropower consrucion are imporan. Since he 1990s, ecological problems near rivers have become increasingly serious, and Chinese waer conservancy and hydropower consrucion has ransiioned from a phase of capial, echnology and oher consrains ino a phase dominaed by ecological consrains. Therefore, how o effecively reconcile he conradicion beween river developmen and environmenal proecion has presenly become he mos urgen issue relaed o he consrucion of waer conservancy and hydropower projecs. In order o provide hydroelecric power saion cascade opimal decision suppor, some organizaions in China had developed a number of decision suppor sofware which ware based on C/S(Clien/Server) mode and had been played a huge economic benefis [1]. Wih he phase of waer operaion and managemen ino he ecological consrains and he rapid developmen of Inerne echnology, hese sysems can no mee he needs of he enerprise and users. There are major problems: 1)he shorage of decision arge from he perspecive of ecological, 2)unclearly definiion of sysem decision-making process, a lack of abundan funcions for decision suppor, 3)a lack of he abiliy o mee he business on he Inerne o inerac in real-ime compuing, 4)facing he siuaion of scale river basin developmen and complex ecological demand consrains,he sysem is no agile enough o expansion and upgrade smoohly,5)he exising sysem is resriced o he local impac of a single power saion. The guideline for he susainable developmen and uilizaion of waer resources in he whole process of hydropower cascade developmen are urgen scarce. For he sake of common issues in similar domesic sysems,his sudy proposed hydropower ecological scheduling decision suppor sysem in Yalong River for ecological principles of ecological regulaion and operaion of decision- making. Then his sudy discussed ecological scheduling decision suppor sysem inegraion Soluion and key echnologies. 2. Sysem Developmen Background and Requiremen Analysis + Corresponding auhor. address: xugang@cgu.edu.cn 183

2 The Yalong River is locaed near he upper reaches of he Yangze River, he larges ribuary of he Jinsha River. The oal lengh of he Yalong River is 1571 km, and includes a waershed area is km 2. There is a disance of 1368 km and a naural elevaion drop of 3180 m separaing he Xayi Temple, on one of he branches of he Yalong River, and he Jiangkou Channel. There are 412 km beween he Kara and he Jiangkou Channels, wih a naural drop is 930 m beween he wo. Wihin he described area, he oal exploiable capaciy in echnology is 14.7 million kw. Five hydropower plans have been consruced or are under consrucion: Jinping I (3.6 million kw); Jinping II (4.8 million kw); Guandi (2.4 million kw); Eran (3.3 million kw); and Tongzilin (600,000 kw). Jinping I is a conrolled reservoir of his reach, wih annual regulaion abiliy ha provides remarkable benefis o he compensaing regulaion of cascades in he downsream. Jinping II power saion is a diversion-ype hydropower saion wih a long unnel, creaed by consrucing a waer-reaining dam a Maomao Beach, which is locaed in he wesern secion of he Jinping Big Bend in he Yalong River. The dam generaes power for he Da shuigou facory of he easern secion of he Jinping Big Bend hrough a sraigh channel, o creae a 119-km-long waer-reduced reach beween he Maomao Beach lock sie and he Da shuigou facory sie. As he volume of waer in he river is reduced, he inerval flow and he waer deph will decrease, he velociy will slow, and he waer emperaure and hydrological siuaion will suddenly change. If we do no consider periodic discharge of waer for ecological reasons afer he power plan is buil, especially in he dry season, waer flow will cease in mos of he rivers, which will cause deah of aquaic organisms due o he loss of aquaic habia. These changes will have an exremely negaive impac o he river ecological environmen. According o he seasonally varying aquaic life cycles, a prescribed amoun of waer, he process volume of ecological waer requiremens, should be discharged periodically o ensure ha he waer-reduced reach sill suppors aquaic habia funcioning and reduces he eco-environmenal sress of he river channels. Facing he new requiremens in ecological scheduling of enerprise informaion consrucion a hydropower developmen base wich represened by he Yalong River Hydropower developmen in he wes china, Suppored by minisry of environmenal proecion of special commonweal research projecs, Sichuan Universiy and China Three Gorges Universiy developed ecological scheduling decision suppor sysem. The sysem user inerface was based on RIA echnology plaform. All he applicaions of he sysem ware web services, namely, SaaS, Sofware as a service. The sofware fully funcional, ineracive, easy o use which has no only ecological operaion of compuing and decision suppor capabiliies, also has informaion managemen, query, prin and oher funcions. The sofware can mee he ecological healh of he waershed based on cascade of ecological planning and ecological operaion scheduling needs of decision-making. 3. Opimal Scheduling Principles and Decision-Making for Hydropower Saions 3.1. Principles of ecological scheduling 1) Ecological principles o mee he river ecological requiremens Along wih hydropower developmen and operaions here was ineviably impac on he ecological healh. According o he crieria of near-naural recovery [2], he hydropower saions could lessen he ecological environmenal impac hrough appropriae changes o he river ecological waer requiremens ha adaps o he level of waershed ecological healh. 2) Full fulfill he role of reservoir regulaion o increased generaing income. By reservoir regulaion, he hydropower could increase dry season capaciy and reduce he amoun of disposable waer in we period. Thus Cascade Hydropower could increase earnings of hydroelecric power. This sudy aims for waershed eco-healh and uilizaion of waer resources by making use of esablished ecological sress funcion models, ransforming he healh objecives in he waershed ecosysem ino consrains of he annual waer requiremens and monhly flow processes in he river ecosysem. We now consruc he waer allocaion model of he waershed reservoir, assuming ha he monhly eco-flow hydrograph in he waershed is used as a basis o conrol he means of waer allocaion, wih a primary goal of long-erm ecological regulaion. 184

3 The annual generaion capaciy (kw h) of he cascade hydropower saions, E, can be calculaed as follows: N T E = max ( A Q H M (1) i= 1= 1 The following equaions represen he consrain condiions: Waer Balance Consrains: i i, i, ) Vi, + 1 = Vi, + ( qi, Qi, Qei, Si, ) Δ T (2) Reservoir Sorage Capaciy Consrains: Power Flow Consrains: V V V T (3) i, min i, i,max Qi, min Qi, Qi,max T (4) Eco-Discharged Flow Consrains: Power Oupu Consrains: N Qe i, min Qe i, T (5) A Q H N T (6) i, min i i, i, i,max where A i is he inegraed oupu coefficien of he i-h saion; Q i, is he generaing flow (m 3 s -1 ) of he i-h power plan in he period of ; Q ei, is he channel eco-discharging flow (m 3 s -1 ) of he i-h power plan in he period of ; for he diversion-ype power saion, he river ecological flow Q ei, does no pass hrough he generaing unis, and because i is non-zero, i should be subraced from he generaing flow; H i, is he average generaing ne head (m) of he i-h power plan in he period of. T is he calculaing oal period wihin a year (ake he monh as he calculaing period, T = 12); M is he number of hours of he -h period; V i,+1 is he reservoir sorage of he i-h power plan a he end of he -h period; V i, is he reservoir sorage of he i-h power plan a he beginning of he -h period; q i, is he mean reservoir inflow of he i-h power plan in he -h period; S i, is he abandoned waer flow of he i-h power plan in he -h period; V i,,min is he ensured minimum reservoir sorage of he i-h power plan in he -h period; V i, is he reservoir sorage of he i-h power plan in he -h period; V i,,max is he allowable maximum reservoir sorage of he i-h power plan a he end of he -h period; Q i,,min is he ensured minimum discharge flow of he i-h power plan in he -h period; Q i,,max is he allowable maximum discharge flow of he i-h power plan a he end of he -h period; Q ei,,min is he ensured minimum river ecological flow of he i-h power plan in he -h period; N i,min is he allowable maximum oupu limi of he i-h power plan; for he firs i-saion minimum allowed o conribue; N i,max is he maximum oupu limi of he i-h power plan Ecological scheduling of decision making and decision-making process for cascade Hydropower Saions According o uiliy heory [3], when making decisions on power generaion revenue and river ecological healh, we mus follow he principle of he bigges gains - minimum ecological damage. According o his model, we esablish he uiliy funcion U (R): U ( R) = E βc (7) in which E denoes he cascade generaing capaciy, C denoes he ecological loss of he waershed, and β represens he preference of ecological healh. Wihin he scheduling scheme, which purely pursues he maximum generaing power wihou considering he river ecological healh, he ecological healh damage and he generaing capaciy are boh defined as 1. Subsequenly, we should rea oher generaing capaciy of all schemes and ecological healh homogenously. On his basis, depending on he value of ecological healh preferences we calculaed for each value of he uiliy funcion. Then choose he maximum uiliy value of he program as a balance beween generaing income and ecological healh of rivers cascade operaion of he program. Based on he above principles and mehods of decision-making, he ecological decision sysem funcions can be divided ino calculaion of ecological flow, ecological scheduling and decision-making of ecological scheduling. The relaionship beween funcional modules as a unified whole coupled according o procedure. 185

4 4. Sysem Inegraion Soluion Sysem Inegraion soluions abide by he following several imporan principles. 1) Advanced principles: developed sysem mus reflec he laes Inerne echnology o make full use of he Inerne. 2) Pracical principles: developed sysem based on pracicabiliy could provide a high real-ime analysis and calculaion ools which could be able o provide srong daa mining for decision suppor. 3) Mainainable principles: hrough he use of all applicaions on he server, cloud compuing could grealy reduce he mainenance. 4) Reliabiliy principles: sysem mus have high reliabiliy and sable operaion. I is imporan o provide a unified daa cener securiy and redundan daa sorage capaciy. 5) Securiy principles: producion and operaion daa is he key o he business. Sysem mus provide mulilevel securiy mechanisms o proec he securiy of daa Including daa access securiy and sorage securiy. 6) Exendibiliy principles: sysem should have an open srucure whose inerface complies wih inernaional sandards o mee he applicaion requiremens o upgrade and inegrae oher sysems. Based on hese principles, he sysem was consruced wih he principle of hierarchy. Hierarchical principles include wo aspecs of meaning ha is logic level and funcions level: Logic layer, presenaion logic (View), business logic (Model), conrol logic (Conroller) in he sysem is separaed ino hree differen layers. I was known as view - Model - Conroller (MVC) framework. View layer is in charge of he user inerface and informaion inpu and oupu. Model layer is in charge of enerprise daa processing sysem and business rules. Conroller layer is in charge of acceping user inpu and calling he model and view o fulfill he needs of users. Hence his sysem can provide good scalabiliy. From sysem funcion perspecive, he cascade hydropower ecological scheduling decision suppor sysem is divided ino hree levels, namely, he sysem layer, he plaform layer, he business layer. The plaform layer can be furher divided ino hree sub-layers, namely, securiy services, cloud compuing suppor services, public services. Business layer can be furher divided ino four sub-layer, namely, he basic daa, ecological flows, ecological scheduling, ecological decision-making. Tha described as follows, respecively: The sysem layer provides nework infrasrucure services include nework and remoe communicaion services, daa access services, basic securiy services, news services, ec in disribued nework. The plaform layer promoes seamless inegraion beween he various applicaion modules hrough he workflow engine and web services suppor and oher public service faciliies. The modules in plaform layer include: Workflow engine: workflow engine direcly suppor he applicaion layer o auomae various business processes and sandardized implemenaion. I suppors business process Reengineering [4,5]. Cloud compuing: o achieve SaaS archiecure, he plaform layer provides daa exchange adaper service, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI Regisry Service [6-8]. Securiy Services: he plaform layer provides auhenicaion, access conrol, sorage encrypion and ransmission encrypion, ani-repudiaion, auhorizaion managemen, securiy and audiing funcions. Business layer: business layer provides a variey of business rules and logic implemenaion based on ecoscheduling decision-making requiremens. Deails including: Basic Informaion services is responsible for he enire sysem based daa sorage, mainenance, and display. Ecological flow calculaion services provide analyical services for flood forecasing, river ecological waer requiremens compuing services. Scheduling and decision suppor services provide he reasonable opimal scheduling according o hydrological and ecological waer requiremens of river condiions. The srucure was shown in Figure The Criical Technologies Adoped in Sysem 186

5 5.1. Rich inerne applicaions(ria) RIA is a new ype of inerne applicaion which combine he advanages of deskop applicaions wih meris of web applicaions, such as ineracion, immediae deploymen, cross-plaform, mainenance-free feaures. RIA simplify and improve he web applicaion's user experience. hus applicaions can provide richer, more ineracive and responsive user experience. A unied access inerface based on RIA Sysyem managemen Applicaion plaform Core business plaform General informa ion Compon en Manage men safey service Runoff forecas ecologic al waer requirm ens Web Service Ecoschedu ing Ecologic al decision -making Business Process managemen User manag emen Ssyem securiy Suppor Sysem plaform Windows Server SQL Server/Oracle Arc GIS Server IIS Fig. 1: The srucure of DSS For ecological scheduling sysem, he deploymen of RIA has he advanage of using exising applicaion model wihou replacing he exising web applicaions. By RIA echnology, you can easily build more inuiive, easy o use, more responsive and can use he applicaion offline. RIA echnology can help companies achieve a wide range of imporan business benefis including ineracive daa analysis, increased abiliy o raise he level of decision suppor, reduce bandwidh coss, reduce suppor for help and enhance user experience, ec. Sysem RIA plaform buil by Flex Builder 3.0. Flex Builder was a server side applicaion framework which developed o mee he requiremens of enerprise-level programmers. Flex Builder provides a sandards-based, declaraive programming mehods and processes, and provides runime services for developing and deploying rich clien applicaion layer. Flex developers use XML-based visual MXML o define rich user inerface. The language compiled as SWF forma by he Flex server. The clien applicaion run in browser-based flash player plug-in Cloud compuing Cloud compuing is a new mehod of using Inerne resources. Cloud compuing relying on he Inerne heerogeneous, self-service can provide compuing on demand for he people. As he resources on he Inerne, and in he flow char of he compuer, ofen expressed in a cloud-like paern. So you can visualize analogy o cloud compuing."cloud" is also on he underlying infrasrucure of an absrac concep. Cloud compuing can be considered include he following levels of service: IaaS, Infrasrucure as a Service, PaaS, Plaform as a Service and SaaS, Sofware as a Service. Cloud compuing services ypically provide universal access hrough he browser's online business applicaions, sofware and daa can be sored in he daa cener. The ecological scheduling sysem uses one-level cloud compuing ha is SaaS. This ype of cloud compuing inerac wih he user program hrough a browser. From he user poin of view, his will save on he server and sofware license expenses. From he developer poin of view, i need only be enough o mainain a program, his can reduce coss. All of he compuing in ecological scheduling sysem are used o achieve in he clouds published by Web Services. The services accessed by he user hrough he browser. All sofware and daa are locaed a he daa cener server. Facing changes in ecological condiions, if he original Web Services only change he inernal algorihm, hen he sysem only need o rewrie and compile he par of he concree implemenaion of Web services wihou changing he whole sysem. Only he inerface changes or addiional feaures, he new Web 187

6 service could be embedded ino he sysem. This echnology enhances he sysem scalabiliy o mee he requiremens of flexible of ecological consrains. 6. The Applicaion and Prospecs of Eco-Scheduling Sysem This paper discusses he principles, mehods, echniques in ecological scheduling decision suppor sysem on he Yalong River Basin. In his sudy, he ecological scheduling sysem based on B/S mode developed wih Flex Builder. I enable auhorized users o fulfill he process of ecological flow calculaion, calculaion of ecological operaion, ecological scheduling and decision-making. The sysem pu ino operaion in Figure 2 is a ypical inerface of he sysem. Hydropower consrucion has ransiioned ino a phase dominaed by ecological consrains. How o effecively reconcile he conradicion beween river developmen and environmenal proecion has presenly become he mos urgen issue relaed o he consrucion of hydropower projecs. The arising Inerne/Inrane nework echnology provides an unprecedened opporuniy for he hydropower scheduling decision suppor sysem o making sciences, efficien and reliable decision. Scheduling for he sysem of ecological principles, ecological decision-making decision-making process, based RIA plaforms and cloud compuing sysems developmen and oher issues, his paper gives a preliminary answer. Bu how o design a beer sysem inegraion soluions for he pracical applicaion of new echnologies need more research and discussion. Fig.2: Inerface of he generaion scheduling sysem 7. Acknowledgmen This sudy Suppored by Minisry for he Environmen Foundaion of China( ) 8. References [1] X. H. Fan and Y. G. Wu. Design and Developmen of Hydropower Scheduling DSS [J]. Dam Observaion and Geoechnical Tess, (3): [2] Z. R. Dong and J. Zhang. Ecological effec of flood pulses[j]. SHUILI XUEBAO.2009,40(3):281~288. [3] H. Markowiz. Porfolio Selecion[J]. Journal of Finance,1952, 7(1):pp [4] J. T. Zhou, M. L. Shi, And X. M. Ye. Sae of ars & rends on flexible workflow echnology [J].2005,11 (11) : [5] L. Yu and J. Wei. Service Based and Rule Exended Workflow Model [J]. Compuer Engineering and Applicaions, 2004; 40(31) : 186~

7 [6] J. Bloomberg. The principles of service orien [EB/OL]. hp:// [7] X. Zhang, S. J. Deng. Applicaion and Sudy on Service-Oriened Archiecure in he Enerprise Informaion Sysem [J]. Journal of Taiyuan Universiy of Technology,2008,S2: [8] X. Y. Feng, J. J. Shen, and P. Li. Access Conrol Model for Web Services Based on SOAP Message Handler Chain [J]. Compuer Engineering, 2009, 9:

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