A.R.I. ASSOCIAZIONE RADIOAMATORI ITALIANI Sezione della Spezia ENIGMA EVENT. September 26 th 2014

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1 MUSEO TECNICO NAVALE A.R.I. ASSOCIAZIONE RADIOAMATORI ITALIANI Sezione della Spezia Associazione Rover Joe Introduction ENIGMA EVENT September 26 th 2014 The Enigma Event is linked to the European Week of Researchers, which gathers hundreds of Research and Cultural Institutes in the whole European Community, with many demonstrative activities. Starting from March 2014 at the Museo Tecnico Navale of Italian Navy, in La Spezia, is open an exhibition about the developement of radiocommunications during the XX century, named from Marconi to Tablet the Radio in 900, organized by the Italian Navy, the Sezione ARI of La Spezia and Rover Joe Association of Fidenza; the exhibition has an educational - cultural aim, focused either on the first experimental radiocommunications carried out by Guglielmo Marconi from the Navy Shipyard of La Spezia, whose first message had universality and peace greetings for the whole mankind, or on the immense capacities of the human brain and research, connecting the technological development of radio to the main historical events of the XX century. Among that, during the WW2, the use of the Enigma to code military messages. The scheduled Enigma Event, will be the end of this special sight on radiocommunications during the XX century that, just thanks to the research, led from the earliest Marconi's equipment to the electron tubes, satellites communications, mobile telephones and wifi networks. Promoters Museo Tecnico Navale of the Italian Navy in La Spezia Sezione ARI of La Spezia Rover Joe Association of Fidenza Contributors Historical Museum of Communication of MISE (Rome) Science and Technology Museum (Milan) Museum of Tecnica Elettrica of the University of Pavia ARMI Association INORC Association ARI Sections of Fidenza, Milan, Vigevano and Frascati Patronage Will be asked for the Patronage of the Ministry of Defence Other Will be asked the activation of a special commemorative postal card

2 Presentation of project The Enigma event will take place on September 26 th 2014 and will consist of a messages exchange, encoded by an Enigma machine, among a number of amateur radio stations, via radio CW mode, under the coordination of the Museo Tecnico Navale, the ARI Section of La Spezia and the Rover Joe Association through an amateur radio station installed inside the Museum. Such an event will be anticipated by a two weeks period when all the amateur radios, worldwide, can communicate in clear mode with Enigma and "Jolly" stations (later defined) using the actually allowed modes (SSB, CW, PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, ) in order to acquire scores to achieve the Enigma Award (see Annex 2). The coupling between Radio and Enigma comes from Marconi, who was the first amateur radio of the history and began its experience just from La Spezia in cooperation with the Italian Royal Navy. The machine Enigma symbolizes the invention that conditioned the fate of the WW2 and it is still object of great interest for thousands of people all over the world. That s therefore why the Italian Navy and the Amateur Radio Section of La Spezia, obtained the collaboration of the Rover Joe Association to provide an Enigma machine for the event, to claim this Marconi's and Italian primacy organizing and giving hospitality to an international event shared with all the people in the world who respect the values of the Ham Spirit, joining the radiotelegraphy and the messages codification, with ethics and amateur radio rules. The heart of the event will be, just to recall, the demonstrative point to point transmission on September 26 th on amateur radio frequencies, potentially intercettable by all amateurs radio listening on the same frequencies, of a particular message recalling the Ham Spirit and the history of Marconi, partially encoded by an Enigma machine; the two stations will be installed at the Museo Tecnico Navale of La Spezia and Scuderie di Palazzo Aldobrandini" in Frascati, site defined by the Historical Museum of Communication of MISE (Rome), where will be operating the Enigma machine preserved in the MISE Museum. If other Organizations, Associations and Institutions will confirm the participation to this event, the encoded transmission can be repeated with them, following a special traffic list to be published as soon as possible, before the date of the Event. The participation will be open to all amateurs radio, worldwide, able to receive and decode the messages through a traffic list that will be published on the web site To comply with the "Codice delle Comunicazioni elettroniche" (Electronic Communications Act) concerning the amateur radio matters, (art. 134 of D.Lgs. 259/2003 e s.m.i.) the text of the demonstrative message to be transmitted, the algorithm used to code/decode, the Enigma machine settings and the web sites where is possible to download Enigma emulators will be published on national and international web sites and on the so that the message will be only fictitiously encoded, or clarified code, and perfectly intelligible in each part and as a whole by all listeners to the transmission. The project obtained the official approval of the Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (Economic Developent Ministry) with the document n. DGSCERP dated May 23 rd In order to simplify the procedure, allowing the maximum messages exchange among the participating stations, each message will begin with the address of the web site where all the above information and clarifications can be found. Annex 1: event organization. Annex 2: procedure to obtain the Enigma Award. Annex 3: Enigma machine settings for the September 26 th event. Annexe 4: pictures about the "rotors" settings of the Enigma machine. Annexe 5: presentation Note of the Researcher's European Night.

3 ANNEX 1 EVENT ORGANIZATION The Museo Tecnico Navale will coordinate all activities related to the Event and will host the Master network station. The official web site of the event is The Rover Joe Association will identify as many as possible Enigma machines in Italy and abroad, will define the machine's settings, will take care of the input and the update of the Enigma Event information on the official web site and will promote the Enigma Event as most as possible. The Associazione Radioamatori Italiani, branch of La Spezia, will define the amateur radio procedures of the Event, will promote them at a national and international level through the official channels and the personal relations of its members, the official website, to allow a direct link between amateur radio stations and Enigma machine owners. The INORC Association will provide the prizes (plaques) for the firsts classified (see Annex 2) and cooperate to provide the radio-telegraphists for the clarified code communications on September 26 th at: Museo Tecnico Navale of the Italian Navy in La Spezia Scuderie di Palazzo Aldobrandini in Frascati, for the Historical Museum of Communication of MISE (Rome) Science and Technology Museum (Milan) Museo of Tecnica Elettrica. University of Pavia Sezione ARI Fidenza The ARMI and INORC Associations and the ARI Sections of La Spezia, Fidenza, Vigevano and Milano will guarantee the activation of amateur radio stations, coupled to their respective Enigma machines, for the whole period of the Award and specially during the period when each of them will act as a "Jolly" station (see Annex 2), locally coordinating transmission timing and mode. On the web site will be inserted and updated all informations related to the Enigma event, participant stations, traffic list, periods and timing of the clear and encoded radio communications, web sites addresses for Enigma emulators SW downloaders, Enigma machine settings, Award and prizes rules, references and contacts of the Event Promoters. According to the number of subscriptions received, the Sezione ARI of La Spezia will publish within September 7 th 2014 a list of the partecipating amateur radio stations equipped with Enigma machines, the timing for the clear connections among the participating stations to gain the Award (from September 12 th ), the start and end times of the Enigma Event, taking place on September 26 th 2014 during the European Night of Research. Starting from September 12 th all participants amateur radio stations will start transmitting in clear in all allowed modes (SSB, CW, PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, ) trying to establish as more contacts (QSOs) as they can with stations equipped with a real, virtual or emulated Enigma machine, registered in the above mentioned list, in order to get scores to obtain the "ENIGMA AWARD" (procedure in Annex 2). On September 26 th, during the European Night of Research, the Enigma Event will start at the scheduled time with a message exchange, in clarified code, between the master radio station at the Museo Tecnico Navale of La Spezia and the station of the Museo della Comunicazione of MISE in Rome; according to the number of registrations received, the two stations will connect in clarified code with other stations coupled with real or emulated Enigma, following a special traffic list to be published, with adequate notice, on the site All contacts in clarified code will be realized in telegraphic (CW) mode only and will be activated by the two master network stations, following a special traffic list, sending a clarified code message, containing a symbolic

4 text later defined; each called station, at its time, will answer with a clarified code message and the master network station will give the confirmation (QSL). The message will be composed by a clear part (not encoded), containing all informations related to the event and the Enigma machine settings, and so it will start with the official web site of the event followed by the sentence "Notte europea dei ricercatori and the indication of the Enigma rotors used; the main part of the message will follow, starting with the words, in clear, inizio enigma followed by the clarified code part composed by groups of five letters (PARIS) containing an historical expression of Marconi and a question/answer about the contacts performed, and ending with the words "fine enigma"; please find an example as follows: notte europea dei ricercatori - rotors XYZ - inizio enigma Marconi s sentence - number of contacts performed? fine enigma the called station will answer with the same procedure: notte europea dei ricercatori - rotors XYZ - inizio enigma Marconi s sentence performed XXX contacts fine enigma the only part in "italic" characters will be in clarified code. The demonstration on September 26 th will end with greetings and thanks giving message for all the participants and for the listening stations, sent by the master network station at the Museo Tecnico Navale. Each station, either those equipped with an Enigma machine (real, virtual or emulated) or not, can apply for the Enigma Award and/or for the prizes sending an to the Award Manager with the log of the QSOs performed during the period. At the Museo Tecnico Navale, on september 26 th will be given a public demonstration of the coding/decoding operations by Enigma of the sent/received messages, the Rover Joe Association will take a conference about the history and the operating principle of the Enigma machine and an exhibition of military crypto machines will be present.

5 ANNEX 2 ENIGMA AWARD RULES The "ENIGMA AWARD", coupled to the Enigma Event taking place on September 26 th 2014 during the European Night of Researchers, will start on September 12 th The program is available on the web site PARTICIPATION The Award is open to all amateur radio and SWL stations, worldwide. PERIOD The Award will begin at 00:01 UTC September 12 th and will end at 23:59 UTC September 26 th Note: - From UTC September 12 th to UTC September 26 th all contacts will be in clear, without any codification of the text, in CW SSB DIGI modes (PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, ); - From UTC to UTC September 26 th the stations equipped with a real, virtual or emulated Enigma machine can be allowed to exchange partially encoded messages with a clarified code in CW mode, according to the above mentioned procedure. STATIONS There are three kind of stations : 1) stations coupled with a real Enigma machine 2) stations with an emulated Enigma machine 3) amateur radio stations (without any Enigma machine) The stations at the point 1) & 2) will be registered in a special list published on the site and them will give points for the award and the prizes for the top places. The following Italian stations coupled with a real Enigma have already confirmed their participation: Museo Tecnico Navale della Marina Militare - La Spezia Museo della Scienza e della Tecnologia - Milan Museo della Tecnica elettrica dell Università di Pavia Pavia Sezione ARI di Fidenza Fidenza (PR) If possible, all above stations will operate with a special similar call sign, according to the instructions available on the web site REGISTRATION All participating stations coupled with a real/virtual or emulated Enigma machine have to register within UTC September 07 th 2014, following the instructions published on the website The real Enigma stations will communicate the radio station call sign, the QTH, the name of the Museum/Association where the machine is located or the owner's name (in case private belonger), identification data of the machine (model, serial number, number of working rotors, etc.). The virtual/emulated Enigma stations will communicate the radio station call sign, the QTH, the type of software used for the simulation. MODES From 12 to 26 September all following modes are allowed: CW - SSB DIGI (all digimodes actually allowed : PSK31 RTTY- SSTV, etc). On September 26 th only CW mode will be allowed for the clarified code messages.

6 BANDS All HF bands, according to the Band Plan IARU (WARC included). QSO Following QSO will be valid: - among amateurs radio and Enigma stations (real or virtual/emulated) registered in the above mentioned list; - among Enigma stations (real or virtual/emulated). SWL: HRD of QSO with at least one Enigma station are valid. CALL The stations will call : CQ CQ ENIGMA JOLLY STATIONS Four JOLLY Stations will be activated as follows: Museo della Scienza e della Tecnologia Milan from 12 to 15 September Rover Joe Association ARI Fidenza from 16 to 19 September Museo della Tecnica elettrica dell Università di Pavia ARI Pavia from 20 to 23 September Museo Tecnico Navale della Marina Militare- La Spezia from 24 to 26 September QSO POINTS QSO (HRD) amateur radio with JOLLY station 20 points QSO (HRD) amateur radio with real ENIGMA station 10 points QSO (HRD) amateur radio with virtual/emulated ENIGMA station 3 points QSO ENIGMA station with amateur radio 1 point Each Enigma station (real or virtual/emulated) can be connected only once a day for each emission mode and for each band, during the whole period of the Award. MULTIPLIERS A multiplier will be applied for each different Enigma station connected. SCORE The total final score is given by the sum of the points-qso multiplied by the number of different Enigma stations connected (multipliers). In the count of the multipliers, each station will be considered once only. AWARD POINTS To achieve the Award is necessary to obtain the following minimum scores: Italian stations : 30 points European stations: 20 points DX: 10 points EXCHANGE All stations will exchange reports RS(T) as usual. LOGS DEADLINE The deadline to send the Logs for the classifications and for the Award is October 30 th The Logs, containing the category of participation, must be sent to the address published on the website CATEGORIES REAL ENIGMA stations VIRTUAL/EMULATED ENIGMA stations AMATEUR RADIO stations

7 SWL For each category the following under categories will be identified: "MIXED" (SSB/CW/PSK31/RTTY) "PHONE" (SSB) "MORSE" (CW) (SWL only MIXED ) There will be a classification for each category and each under category on a QSO scores basis; an "absolute" category will be compiled. ( tot. score = sum of QSO points x multipliers number) The final classifications will be published on the web site PRIZES The first classified for each category/undercategory will be awarded with a plaque. The second and third place will be awarded with a special certificate The first absolute classified of each continent (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America and Oceania) will receive a special Certificate of participation. AWARD REQUEST The Award request, with the station log attached, will be sent via to the Award Manager The Awards, to be sent free of charge via in pdf format, will report a serial number and the reference category/undercategory. Everything not expressly included in the present rules, the updating, integrations and information that will become necessary, will be promptly published on the web site of the Sezione ARI della Spezia For more explanations about the activity do not exhitate to contact the above website.

8 ENIGMA MACHINE SETTINGS ANNEX 3 The aim of this note is to specify the operating instructions for Enigma Machines during Researchers' night 2014 event; it is compiled considering the prevailing type of items preserved in Museums or private collections and of the on line available emulators. It is considered also the possibility to proceed with manual encoding/decoding of messages, without the use of any machine or emulator. The types of authentic machines available to the Institutions and to the collectors, except for rare cases, are the Heeres, I, M3, M4 models, designed and produced to have full compatibility amid the German Armed Forces and Institutions. This machines operate with a set of 3 or 4 rotors depending on the models, and, as stated, are compatible within each others. Each participant unit to the September 26 th event will be composed by a radio-amateur station joined to an authentic or virtual/emulated Enigma Machine. Because of the reasons later explained, a computer able to access the web will be needed. On this event the settings will be simplified compared to the real procedures followed during the World War by the German Armed Forces. The starting position choice for the rotors (Grundstellung) will be the same for every participant and corresponding to the date of the day: 26 September 2014 ( in case of numeric rotors, or Z I N in case of alphabetic rotors, written in the Italian standard: dd-mm-yy), see the following picture 1. Arranging the unit for the encoding phase, the rotors must be positioned on the supporting stick following an ascending numeric order from left to right (for example II, IV, V or I, III, IV) and, previously, each rotor will be set rotating the ring engraved with figures/letters (depending on the machine type) just to coincide 01 or A with the eagle of the Ringstellung (see picture 2). Once the flap is shut, the ferrule of each rotor must be turned in order to read 26, 09 and 14 or Z, I and N ( Grundstellung, picture 1) through the small windows. In four- rotors-machines, the first rotor on the left should be set on 01/A. No electric wire for the Stecker plugs will be used. The letters obtained after encoding a clear message will be transmitted in groups of 5 letters, or PARIS, as explained in a different section of this document. To decode a text (reception of coded messages), the machine will be set in the same configuration of the transmitting one, if equipped with the same rotors, as mentioned in the clear part of message itself. The messages will be encoded using the chosen/available rotors, whose identification will be reported in clear within the message (as explained in other section of document) with the kind of transmitting Enigma machine's reflector (ETW ; type A, B, etc.). if transmitting and receiving machine are equipped with different rotors it will be impossible to decode a message and the use of the emulators available on the web will be helpful. On the web some useful technical notes ( Enigma rotors details ) are available to manually decode messages; it might also be possible the use of some handsome gadgets as Paper Enigma. Trust but verify: using a continuity tester check rotor's against the above mentioned technical notes to confirm machine type, absence of electrical troubles, rewirings etc. Possible final test comparing machine's behaviour with

9 ANNEX 4 PICTURE 1 PICTURE 2

10 ANNEX 5 P3-Marie Curie Reintegration Grants and Researchers' Night Research Executive Agency HORIZON 2020 Call H2020-MSCA-NIGHT-2014 (Researchers' night ) PRESENTATION NOTE What is the European Researchers' night all about? European Researcher's' night, as from its first edition in 2006, is a Marie Sklodowska-Curie (MSCA) action, under the Horizon 2020 specific programme "Excellent science"; it consists of a pan-european event taking place on the last Friday night of September. For the first time, proposals for the European Researchers' nights should cover 2 successive years, i.e.2014 and 2015.In other words, they will cover two events, respectively taking place on Friday 26 September 2014 and 25 September 2015.Proposals covering one single year may also be considered. Its objective, as described in the Work Programme for , consists of: "Bringing the researchers closer to the general public and increasing awareness of the research and innovation activities with a view to supporting the public recognition of researchers, creating an understanding of the impact of researchers' work on daily life and encouraging young people to embark on scientific careers". Several main features result from such definition: "Bringing the researchers closer to the general public" o Focus on the researchers themselves, appearing as well as professionals and as human beings; o Activities addressing all components of the public at large, whichever the age and social or scientific background; "Increasing awareness of the research and innovation activities with a view to supporting the public recognition of researchers, creating an understanding of the impact of researchers' work on daily life " o Presentation and explanation of the research's results, whichever the topic, from fundamental to applied/industrial research; o Clear illustration of such results through examples that can "hit" the visitors and show the influence on their daily lives; o Illustration of the potential influence of research works on territory planning, health policies, urban management, environmental choices, e.g. of the interaction between research and strategic orientations for the management of territories; o Illustration of the possible transfer of research results into industrial processes or products, also pointing out the research's contribution to economic growth, employment and technological progress; "Encouraging young people to embark on scientific careers" o Activities addressing young people, in particular when about choosing a career orientation;

11 o Direct witnesses by researchers, pointing out the fascination of their job as well as the possibility of combining job and private life; o Illustration of the various possibilities offered to scientists, both in academic and industrial circles; Which messages to convey? It's up to the applicants identifying the mottos of their event, based on the specificities of their activities, geographical territory, specific public components addressed. Nevertheless, some examples can be provided, based on the experiences conducted under Framework Programme 7: o Researchers are amongst us (= researchers are ordinary people with an extraordinary job, one can be a researcher and have a balanced life); o Research is fascinating and fun; o Your life would be much more difficult without research (pointing out the impact on daily lives); o Research is a challenging and interesting career orientation Which kind of activities to plan? General features Whichever the type of activities and their internal combination, whichever the type of partners/sponsors involved in the action, the researchers have to be the focus as well as the "motors" of the activities; in other terms, it must remain clear that the purpose of the action consists of promoting researchers and research careers towards the general public. Promoting specific companies, institutions, political orientations should be totally excluded. o Range of activities likely to attract/entertain all components of the public at large; o Activities addressing the visitors whichever their level of scientific background; o "Edutaining" activities (since having to compete with more traditional Friday night activities); o Activities linked to research work and results, to researchers' hobbies, to visitors' daily lives and interaction with research ; o Whichever the activities, researchers have to play an essential role and be as much as possible in constant interaction with the audience; Examples based on previous experiences o Hands-on experiments, with help/accompaniment of researchers; o Science demos and shows; o Display of science films, comments and debates; o Simulations, presentation of prototypes; o Games, quizzes, competitions with researchers (whichever topic: scientific, sport, cooking, music, dance, painting ); o Rallies based on enigmas, solved with assistance of specialised researchers; o Researchers' dating; o Live digging (archaeology); o Crime investigation; Most effective activities have proven to be those: o Directly and actively involving the audience; o Linked to "hot" topics (likely mobilising the attention of any visitor as being very close to their concerns); o Linked to popular characters or formats (TV shows, TV programmes, and popular characters, magic ) What kind of target audience? o As referred to above, public at large in all its components; o Focus on pupils and students with regard to the promotion of research careers;

12 How pointing out the action's European dimension? o Whichever the acronym chosen for the action, it will have to be preceded or followed by the mention "European Researchers 'night" (police and format to be determined and circulated by REA on due time) and the European flag; o Each project will have to set up at least one "European corner", meeting point where people can at least get information on European programmes and support in favour of research and researchers, policies, achievements and breakthroughs; o Each European corner will have to offer: o A European flag; o A European Researchers' Night roll-up, complying with the following requirements: - Placed at the event's entrance; - Complying with the following content and format requirements: 200 X 85cm and the mentions "European Researchers' Night", "Marie Sklodowska-Curie: an inspiration to follow", as well as an image to be provided by the European Commission; o Promotional material bearing the mention "This European Researchers' Night project is funded by the European Commission under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions" o Direct computer link with European websites (list to be provided by REA on due time) and promotional videos; o Permanence of Marie Curie fellows/ researchers having ebneftied from a European support witnessing their concrete experience (nationals having carried out research abroad or foreign fellows carrying out research on national territory) and also taking part in the activities organised outside the European Corner; o Demonstration about at least one research project supported at EU level and involving the area; o Interactive activities such as games, competitions, quizzes, related to Europe, European programmes and namely research at European level. Further information o Guide for applicants; o Frequently asked questions about European Researchers' night; o Colette Renier, Colette.renier@ec.europa.eu.

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