Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU) is a university with over 100 years

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1 Logistics Informatics and Its Practice in China Dr. Runtong Zhang Professor & Head Department of Information Management School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing, China 2010/9/17 1

2 Outline The University and the School Logistics in China Logistics Information Technologies Logistics Information Systems A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Port Some Observations 2010/9/17 2

3 The University and the School (1) Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU) is a university with over 100 years history known for its subjects in logistics, traffic, information, communications, management and etc. School of Economics and Management (SEM) at BJTU is one of the largest school in China in these areas, in the sense of consisting of over 180 faculty and staff members and 4000 students (over half are post-graduated). SEM at BJTU is one of the oldest school in China in these areas, which may be traced back to the beginning of 20th Century. The subject of logistics in SEM at BJTU, was ranked number 1 in China in 2006 & /9/17 3

4 The University and the School (2) Call for Papers 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS2011) Venue Beijing, China Important Dates Conference date: June, 2011 Regular Paper Submission: January 25, 2011 Authors Notification (regular papers): March 25, 2011 Final Regular Paper Submission and Registration: April 04, 2011 Sponsor ICEIS is sponsored by INSTICC Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication Local Host Beijing Jiaotong University 2010/9/17 4

5 Logistics in China (1) In 2007, the foreign trade of China reached US$2.17 trillion, 1200 with a growth rate of 23.6%, which was 4.3 times the number of International Trade (Billion US$ ) In 2007, the containers throughput h in Chinese ports reached 100 million TEU, 0 ranking world No.1 in 5 consecutive years TEU 2010/9/17 5

6 China - ROK Logistics in China (2) In 2007, the bilateral trade volume reached US$160 billion, with a growth rate of 19% compared to the previous year. China is the ROK s No.1 trade partner and export market. The machinery and electrical products are the most important import items for ROK. Steel and steel-made product Motor vehicle and component Plastics and plastic product Mineral fuel Optical instrument Organic chemistry goods 4.50% 4.50% 7.20% 750% 7.50% 8.70% 10.40% Machinery and electrical products 42.30% 2010/9/17 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 6

7 China Overview Agricultural, Industries, Commercial, Economic North West China Agricultural Products Dairy Products Minerals Low end manufactures Raw Materials, cotton Plants, forests Central & S.W. China Xinjiang Tibet Home Appliances Garment, Textiles China Wares Dairy Products Agricultural Products Raw Materials, cotton Minerals Plantation. Logistics in China (3) North China Home Appliances Garments, Textiles N Auto, Motor Cycles Heilongjiang Coal, Minerals Raw Materials, wool Jiling Agricultural Liaoning North East China Inner Mongolia Beijing Heavy Industries, Hebei Ship Building Shanxi Qinghai Shandong Gansu Auto and parts Ningxia Henan Jiangsu Agricultural Yunnan South China Hi Tech Products Sichuan Garments, Apparels Auto Industries Guishou Hubei Hunan Anhui Jiangxi Fujian Guangxi Guangdong Hongkong Macau (SAR) (SAR) Hainan Zhejiang Shanghai Taiwan East China Hi Tech Products Hi-end Garments,Toys Agricultural Auto Industries 2010/9/17 7 Light industries Agricultural

8 Logistics in China (4) Current Economic Development Zones Heilongjiang N Xinjiang : Bohai Bay Area around Tibet 20M TEU : Yangtsze River Delta around 20M TEU : Pearl River Delta nearly 50M TEU Qinghai Inner Mongolia Beijing Tianjin Hebei Shanxi Shandong Jiling Liaoning Bohai Bay Bohai Bay Area (BBA) - Beijing - Tianjin - Shijiazhuang - Qingdao - Dalian -Xian - Jinan Gansu Ningxia Jiangsu Henan Shanghai Anhui Hubei Chongqing g Yangtsze River Zhejiang Sichuan Delta (YRD) Jiangxi - Shanghai Hunan - Ningbo Guizhou Fujian - Suzhou Taiwan - Wuxi Yunnan Guangxi Guangdong - Kunshan Hongkong - Nanjing (SAR) - Hangzhou Macau (SAR) Hainan Pearl River Delta (PRD) -Guangzhou - Yantian -Dongguan - Zhuhai -Zhongshan - Hongkong 2010/9/17 -Shenzheng - Macau 8

9 Logistics in China (5) What Is the Future of Chinese Logistics? Green SCM Green Logistics Green Industrial Cluster Agricultural Technology Standardization di ti & Systematic ti Improvement Servicing Industry & Industrial Chains Integration Sourcing Optimization, Integration. Code of Conduct & Corporate Governance Electronic Commerce Service Science Much More.. Logistics Information Technologies and Systems! 2010/9/17 9

10 Logistics in China (6) Logistics Information Technologies and Systems! Efficiency is the Goal Benefit Is the Result Logistics Information is not only a technology or system, but more importantly, a new management mode. 2010/9/17 10 IZ=66 IZ=66

11 Logistics Information Technologies (1) Logistics Information Technologies = IT + Logistics 2010/9/17 11

12 Logistics Information Technologies (2) Smart Dust a self-contained, millimeter-scale sensing and communication platform for a massively distributed sensor network. device will be around the size of a grain of sand and will contain sensors, computational ability, bidirectional ecto wireless eess communications, and a power supply, while being inexpensive enough to deploy by the hundreds. Applications Logistics Smart living space Remote terrain traffic monitoring Entertainment Sensor Networks Building, large structure monitoring Battle field, natural resources monitoring 2010/9/17 12

13 Logistics Information Technologies (3) WSN Standardizations di ti 2010/9/17 13

14 Logistics Information Technologies (4) Light Wight TCP/IP Stack Seamless Connection of WSN and Internet 2010/9/17 14

15 Logistics Information Technologies (5) Global Positioning System GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time that t a signal is sent and the time it is received. GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that provide extremely accurate time. 2010/9/17 15

16 Logistics Information Technologies (6) Geographic Information System GIS is a System of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location spatial location usually a geographic location information visualization of analysis of data system linking software, hardware, data 2010/9/17 16

17 Logistics Information Technologies (7) Vehicular Communications WiMAX / IEEE WiMAX Development in the World Technology Specification of WiMAX and WiBro WiMAX Testing and Certification WiMAX/WiBro Future Prospect MBWA / IEEE IEEE Mission and Project Scope IEEE Related News DSRC - Dedicated d Short Range Communication AD HOC The Applications for Vehicular Communication Systems 2010/9/17 17

18 Logistics Information Technologies (8) Bar-Code EDI, WebEDI, XML/EDI Internet RFID EPC Toll-Road passive transponder Consumer product identifier Drug/Food shelf-life and identification Quality goods identification RFID 2010/9/17 18

19 Logistics Information Technologies (9) A Survey of RFID Priority Application Areas in China Percentage of interviewee Inventory Management Warehouse Management Indent Management OOS Management Transportation/Logistics Tracking Capital Tracking Cargo Burgling Management Requirement Planning Customer Requirement Low Priority 1: 2 4 5: High Priority 2010/9/17 19

20 Logistics Information Systems (1) 2010/9/17 20

21 Logistics Information Systems (2) MIS, MRP/MRPⅡ, QR/ECR, EOS, TQC, CIM, BPR, ERP CRM, KM, DW/DM, / AMT, JIT, SCS, ESCM WMS, TMS, DRP VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory ) SMI (Jointly Managed Inventory) CFAR (Collaborative Forecast And Replenishment) CPFR (Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment ) SAAS, SOA Grid Computing / Grid Management age e 2010/9/17 21

22 Logistics Information Systems (3) Tracking of Cool Logistics Chain 冷 链 食 品 冷 藏 车 箱 恒 温 仓 库 生 产 企 业 物 流 企 业 零 售 企 业 政 府 机 构 浏 览 器 客 户 端 手 机 车 载 设 备 掌 上 电 脑 运 输 仓 储 监 控 货 代 配 送 采 购 追 踪 分 析 分 销 生 产 预 警 优 化 温 控 管 理 系 统 财 务 管 理 系 统 预 警 管 理 系 统 仓 储 管 理 系 统 中 间 决 策 支 持 系 统 视 频 管 理 系 统 RF/ DPS 管 理 系 统 运 输 管 理 系 统 智 能 商 务 管 理 系 统 配 送 管 理 系 统 件 2010/9/17 GPS 管 理 系 统 呼 叫 服 务 中 心 系 统 22

23 Logistics Information Systems (4) ROADSIDE COMMUNICATIONS FOR ROAD Roadside Communications HAULAGE for Road OPERATIONS Haulage Operations 2010/9/17 23

24 Logistics Information Systems (5) Logistics Information System in Chinese Post 物 流 伙 伴 信 息 系 统 Parter Information System 客 户 系 统 信 息 系 统 Client Information System Cnpl.com.cn cn 邮 政 物 流 网 站 Calling customer 电 话 客 户 Calling customer 185 物 流 呼 叫 中 心 185 Call Center 电 话 客 户 Postal Logistics Website GPS 控 制 中 心 GPS Controller 中 国 邮 政 物 流 区 域 信 息 中 心 Regional Information Center 中 国 邮 政 物 流 全 国 信 息 中 心 National Information Center 中 国 邮 政 物 流 区 域 信 息 中 心 Regional Information Center 中 国 邮 政 综 合 信 息 网 National Information Network 中 国 邮 政 物 流 区 域 信 息 中 心 Regional Information Center 2010/9/17 24

25 Logistics Information Systems (6) RFID System RFID Hardware Domain RFID Business Middleware Application Domain Domain Tags Antenna Readers Middleware Business Applications Device consisting of an electronic circuit and integrated antenna RF used to transfer data between the tag and the antenna Receives and transmits the electromagnetic waves Wireless data transfer via air interface Communicates with the tag via antenna Provides power supply to passive tags Translates radio waves into digital information Reads/writes data from/to the tags through the reader Filters, stores and evaluates obtained data against business process Owns master data and business logic Drives business process Links the transceiver to applications, e.g. 2010/9/17 ERP 25

26 Logistics g Information Systems y ((7)) RFID Applications II : Supply Chain Manufacturing I : Material M i l Processing Suppliers pp g Shipping Retail & Wholesale Receiving III : Storefront Assembly Fabrication Distribution Sales Floor P k i Packaging After -Market Warehouse V : Public Places Point of Sale VI : Enterprise IV : Consumer Shopping Mall Home Appliances Airport Asset Management Hotel School VII : Specialized Uses Environment Monitoring 2010/9/17 Tolls & Parking Smart Credit Cards Laundry Staff Location 26

27 文 献 资 料 查 询 界 面 在 法 国 高 铁 GIS 图 上 点 击 查 询 LGV 东 南 线 Data Base of High Speed Railway 2010/9/17 27 在 德 国 高 铁 GIS 图 中 点 击 查 询 柏 林 站 石 太 线 详 细

28 Logistics Information Systems (9) Logistics Information Systems of Ports 2010/9/17 28

29 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (1) Logistics company Shipping company port Consumer Agency Custom Inspection 2010/9/17 29

30 A Case: : Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (2) 2 Ports &1 Line Container RFID System First Line of Containers with Full RFID System in China and maybe in the world This subject team has formally started the industrial trial named as 2 ports & 1 line on Dec 3, The first line of containers with RFID---- Zhehai 325 Shipping in China has been formally started. This line from Shanghai Port to Yantai Port has absolutely shown automatic identification and real-time information exchange in container shipping. By Jan 19, 2006, the container throughput of this demonstrative line has reached 5294TEU. 2010/9/17 30

31 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (3) General frame of the demonstration line Application & demonstration line of 2 ports & 1 line 5000TEU E-seal Container RFID automatic identification system Middleware Information real-time exchange system tag reader antenna Make out standard 2010/9/17 31

32 The first regular container ship Zhehai 325 Shipping with RFID drive to Shanghai from Yantai 2010/9/17 32

33 Operating spot at Longwu port Operating spot at Yantai port 2010/9/17 33

34 Structure of RFID automatic identification application system Real-time Information Exchange System Wired or wireless Communication System Container RFID Automatic Identification System Data Input System of Container Stuffing Point 2010/9/17 34

35 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (7) Port safety management technology based on RFID automatic identification system Establish multi-level safety system as required by container RFID demonstration system and establish safety certification system and log analysis system; Research on information transmission safety technology at aerial connector between tags and reader, realize information encrypt storage and transmission and identify authorized write when read- write operation to tags; Research on encrypt technology of information communication between the reader and host computer; Research on safety insurance technology of information transmission between wireless communication systems Research on safety supporting system in container information real-time exchange system. 2010/9/17 35

36 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (8) Key Technology & Equipment Choice on frequency range Anti-impact impact design of RFID in container Reliability analysis on reader Container Tag Container E-seal Equipment for information transcription Fixed reader Wireless reader E-Sentinel Middleware of RFID system in container 2010/9/17 36

37 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (9) Container tag Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range Active tag, its operating distance 0~30m is adjustable and readable, memory capacity is 32k byte Unique super-low power consumption technology with a life span of 10 years High safety data transmission system, dissymmetry encrypt/deciphering Solid sealing and reliable antidismounting 电 子 标 签 安 装 盒 电 子 标 签 2010/9/17 37

38 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (10) Logistics information contained in a RFID tap information of container information of cargo other information: information of ship, port, cargo agency on-off time of container address of container when open/closed(connect with GPS) physics information of container, such as temperature, humidity 2010/9/17 38

39 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (11) Container E-seal First time to realize data carrier of multi-source amalgamation of container logistics, information flow and safety flow Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range Support trespass on and automatic monitoring & event record of door opening & closing Support sensor units such as bus extended temperature, humidity, vibration, etc. Encrypting calculation and certification to ensure data safety and prevent from wiretapping or data breaking Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment Advanced anti-collision technology Possible to equip with microwave module working mode and radio frequency software is adjustable 5-second mount and dismount without tools at container gate 2010/9/17 39

40 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (12) Equipment for information transcription ---- Adopt portable computer or hand-held PDA Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range Read/write module adopts PCMAC interface mode and notebook to realize both-way communication or adopts CF interface mode and PDA to realize both- way communication. Encrypting calculation and certification Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment. Anti-collision technology to support multi-label label read and write Possible to equip with microwave module working mode and radio frequency software is adjustable 2010/9/17 40

41 An Illustrative Case: Container RIFD Systems in Chinese Ports (9) 2010/9/17 41

42 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (14) Fixed Reader Adopt p ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range Support RS232/485 wire mode and upper machine communication Encrypting calculation and certification to ensure data safety and prevent from wiretapping or data breaking Anti-collision technology to support multi-label read and write 2010/9/17 42

43 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (15) Wireless reader Adopt ISM 2.4GHz for working frequency range Support wireless mode and upper machine communication, match with bridge of container RFID system for use Support wireless visiting in local area space under sentinel mode Encrypting calculation cu at and certification cat to ensure e data safety and prevent from wiretapping or data breaking Adopt frequency range seclusion to avoid interferences among multiple equipment Anti-collision technology Possible to equip with microwave module working mode and radio frequency software is adjustable 2010/9/17 43

44 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (16) Middleware of container RFID system 应 用 进 程 提 供 逻 辑 数 据 和 事 件 Application process Afford logical data and event Reader Visit tags 中 间 件 接 收 原 始 的 RFID 数 据 实 现 过 滤 分 发 和 消 息 阅 读 器 访 问 电 子 标 签 Middleware Receive original i REID data Realize filtration, release and message Wireless channel 无 线 信 道 Tags ID, content & message 电 子 标 签 ID,, 内 容 信 息 2010/9/17 44

45 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (17) Three technical standards related to port RFID in container has been completed. 1. Technical specifications on RFID in container 2. Specification of memory information coding of container RFID 3. Technical specification of container shipping information in domestic trade We are authorized by National Standard committee of China to draft out Container RFID Technology Criterion in domestic trade ( T-469). We will establish the National Standards based on the practical and proof-tested data of the trials. 2010/9/17 45

46 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (18) Sequelae Shanghai port in China - Savannah port in the USA container RFID application line in June,2007, which is supported by the project Logistics Service Demonstration Appliction of Modern Port (2006BAH02A17) of National Key Technology R&D Program of China. Shanghai port - Chongqing port container RFID application line in July,2007, which is supported by the project Container RFID Technology Development and Application of National Westward Construct Program of Ministry of Communication of China. Shanghai port in China Europe port container RFID application line in the last months of 2007, 2010/9/17 46

47 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (19) Port to Port 堆 场 yard 港 口 port 进 道 口 Enter Port 道 口 Gate 服 务 器 Server 装 船 Loading 服 务 器 Server 堆 场 yard 出 道 口 Leave Port 道 口 Gate 卸 船 Unloading 港 口 port 2010/9/17 47

48 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (20) CFS to CFS Port Port Container stuffing point Container unstuffing point 2010/9/17 48

49 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (21) New generation intelligent container RFID tag Ability to store supply chain related container information including: carrier, container ID, owner, terminals, Customs, inspections etc. Ability to automatically ti store time and date of sealing and unsealing Ability to automatically ti store the location of sealing and unsealing (this is achieved through the location of the reader that capture the sealing and unsealing event, including PDA) Multi-frequency 2010/9/17 49

50 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (22) New generation intelligent container RFID tag E-tag Original mechanical seal The e-tag we designed can be used with the original mechanical seal without t any infection. 2010/9/17 50

51 A Case: Container RFID Systems in Chinese Ports (23) Handset and PDA with GPS function Can read and write tags Integrate GPS, and can write its geography position information into tag Handset 2010/9/17 51

52 Some Observations (1) New trends in Chinese Logistics Informatics Logistics information systems will be developed by closely combining with the true situation of Chinese logistic companies, and WMS TMS will become the hot areas in near future. Logistics information systems will be uniform and centralized instead of isomerous and dispersive. The integration and development of third-party logistics information systems will play a key role in logistic customer service area. Security approaches against disastrous failures of logistic information systems will become more and more important in logistic companies. RFID technologies and products will be widely applied in logistics industry. 2010/9/17 52

53 Some Observations (2) Some bottlenecks in Chinese Logistics Informatics Low level of the application of information technologies and systems, especially in the small/middle size Chinese enterprises. Lack of logistics information technologies and products with own IPRs. The developers of logistics information systems can hardly make benefits, because most of the systems are independent and dispersive. The infrastructures for basic information and public service platform develops very slow. Lack of development stratagem. 2010/9/17 53

54 谢 谢! Thanks! 2010/9/17 54