Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Master of Business Administration -MBA Master of Business Administration (L & M M)

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1 Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Master of Business Administration -MBA Master of Business Administration (L & M M) Master of Business Administration (Weekend) MS in Project Management (Weekend) MS Finance MBA (Pharmaceutical Business Management) PGD (Pharmaceutical Business Management) MBA (Health Management) Management Sciences

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3 Contents Messages 1 Introduction 4 Research at Department of Management Sciences 5 Programmes Details 6 Bachelor of Business Administration BBA Road Map 7 Courses Description 9 Master of Business Administration MBA Road Map MBA 3½ years 19 Road Map MBA 2 years 21 Road Map MBA 1½ years 22 Electives - BBA/MBA 23 Courses Description MBA 28 Master of Business Administration (Logistics & Maritime Management) Introduction 35 Road Map MBA 3½ years (Weekend) 37 Road Map MBA 2 years (Weekend) 38 Road Map MBA 1½ years(weekend) 39 Courses Description 40 Master of Business Administration (Weekend) Introduction 45 Road Map MBA (Weekend) 3½ years 46 Road Map MBA (Weekend) 2 years 48 MBA (Pharmaceutical Business Management) Road Map MBA 3½years 49 Road Map MBA 2½ years 51 Road Map - PGD 1 year 55 MBA (Health Management) Road Map 57 MS Finance 58 MS in Project Management (Weekend) 62 Faculty Department of Management Sciences 71 Islamabad Campus Karachi Campus 74 Lahore Campus 77 CONTENTS

4 Message HOD s Message MS Focusing upon the students as future leaders and ambassadors of the world of business and society at large, Bahria University Management Sciences Department is striving to provide rigorous curriculum, which aims at not only the academic development of students but also at building their skills and character. The variant subjects, aligned with HEC scheme of studies, are taught with innovation while considering their practical applications in the local and international business scenarios. Bahria University Management Sciences Department provides a distinctive community of students, scholars and intellectuals as it offers an array of degrees ranging from BBA to PhD. Apart from that, BU is a place with countless opportunities, highly qualified teaching faculty, adept with all the latest trends and methods of teaching, and the purpose built campus with unmatched infrastructure that make learning a unique experience for the students and help them grow both personally and intellectually. Our plans for the forthcoming years are to further establish the alumni network and strengthen the industrial linkages so as to cater to the demands of the modern corporate world and to place the BU graduates in leading business organizations. We have also undertaken the project of strengthening the research activities by providing students, even at the graduate level, with proposals and ideas for research, access to research data and trainings on new concepts and theories in the field of business research. Dr. Muhammad Ali Saeed HoD, Management Sciences (BUIC) 1

5 Message HOD s Message MS As Head of the Management Sciences Department it is my pleasure to welcome you to the Bahria University Karachi Campus, one of the frontline institutions offering business management education in the metropolis. The Department of Management Sciences is flexible in content and diversity of its courses. Its curricula are set according to the standards laid down by the National Curriculum Review Committee on business management education and stand in complete comparison to the other business management education institutes in Pakistan. As supplement to teaching, the department organizes training workshops, faculty seminars, and conferences. In addition to this, internship projects, grooming sessions and workshops on personality development are also arranged for students which add further value to their management sciences related education. As its prime feature, the Department of Management Sciences invites professionals from the corporate sector to teach applied courses to create an interface between theory and practice; thus providing the students an access to practical knowledge directly from the source. Through such closer integration between various parts, Department of Management Sciences has produced above 7000 competent and well qualified alumni for the corporate sector organizations in just one decade, most of them holding important positions in national and international organizations. Its strategy remains focused on attracting the best students, hiring and retaining the best teaching staff and building strong links with the business community. Simultaneously, it focuses on providing an environment that is intellectually challenging and spiritually invigorating to groom the students as members of society and efficient professionals for any organization to harness. I hope you will join the ranks of our successful alumni whose affection for the campus is indelible and who have entered into a lifetime friendship. Dr. Farooq-e-Azam Cheema HoD, Management Sciences (BUKC) 2

6 Message Bahria University Lahore Campus is proudly offering various graduate and undergraduate programs especially in the field of Management Sciences. The programs at undergraduate and graduate level are meant for aspiring youth, who aim to gain world class degree in business education. We are providing incomparable and transformational learning experience for eager young minds. Management Sciences programs i.e. BBA, MBA and MS programs being offered HOD s Message enable the students to think innovatively and deliver differently. Our unique learning model MS provides the most comprehensive and effective management education. Business education through innovative and interactive tools is an essential element for modern pedagogy to polish the skills of business graduates. Our distinguishing features includes research oriented education, skill based trainings, interactive sessions with guest speakers, live case studies, industrial projects, corporate and personalized learning culture, strong industry-academia liaison, industrial visits, recreation facilities, on campus students' counseling and special attention to enhance students' capacity to become a successful Entrepreneur. We focus on the personality grooming of our students through rich campus life, real life business competitions, market driven courses, state-of art computer labs, departmental library with book bank, video recorded lectures, intellectually stimulating environment, world class professionals, seasoned and friendly faculty and courteous staff. Dr. Ashfaq Ahmad HoD, Management Sciences (BULC) 3

7 Introduction Department of Management Sciences draws the strength on the experience, expertise and energies of Bahria University. The Department offers a wide range of business degree programs at undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate level including M Phil & Ph D programs. It also has a comprehensive executive development program. Department of Management Sciences is committed to the pursuit of excellence in business education and its related academic disciplines. The development of professionals, who will play the role of productive leaders, is at the forefront of the Department of Management Sciences. The programs of the Department have been designed to inculcate in graduating students, the essential skills and leadership traits required for various managerial positions. Its programs draw on the vast resources of the University's experienced academicians and industry practitioners. All the Department of Management Sciences programs go through a rigorous review process after every two years, ensuring that the highest possible academic standards are maintained. Within the programs, courses are reviewed on a regular basis by Bahria University senior academic staff in collaboration with faculty members of reputable National and International Universities. The Curriculum is designed to fulfill the prevailing industrial trends. Management Sciences programs of Bahria University are highly demanding and rewarding to attract the potential students, who value the journey of excellence. 4

8 Research Research at the Department of Management Sciences The regular faculty members of Department of Management Sciences' are actively engaged in research activities through strong linkages with the industry and public sector groups. Research at Department of Management Sciences is a critical and creative activity undertaken on a systematic basis in order to extend knowledge and understanding with an overall purpose to provide solutions to theoretical and practical problems. Department of Management Sciences research activities are the foundation for achieving the overall mission of the university. It is central to the Department's philosophy that research should be of an applied and pure nature and should lead to overall improvement of teaching and management practices. Research at the Core of everything that we do Research at the Department of Management Sciences could be driven by real world issues and could stand up to rigorous scrutiny by both academic and industry practitioners alike. 5

9 Programmes Detail Program BBA MBA MBA MBA MBA (Logistics & Maritime Management) (Weekend) MBA (Logistics & Maritime Management) (Weekend) MBA (Logistics & Maritime Management) (Weekend) MBA ( Weekend) MBA ( Weekend) MBA (Weekend) MBA (Pharmaceutical Business Mgmt) MBA (Pharmaceutical Business Mgmt) PGD (Pharmaceutical Business Mgmt) MBA (Health Management) MS Finance MS in Project Management (Weekend) M Phil Ph D Duration 4 years 3½ years 2 years 1½ years 3½ years 2 years 1½ years 3½ years 2 years 1½ years 3½ years 2½ years 1 year 2½ years 1½ years 1½ years 2-3 years 3-6 years Credit Hours Campus Islamabad/Karachi Islamabad/Karachi Islamabad/Karachi Islamabad/Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi Karachi 30 Islamabad / Karachi Islamabad/Lahore Islamabad/Karachi Islamabad/Karachi Majors: 1. Finance 2. Marketing 3. Human Resource Management 4. Supply chain Management 5. Entrepreneurship 6. Management Information System (MIS) 7. Health Management 8. Pharmaceutical Business Management 9. Logistics & Maritime Management 6

10 BBA Road Map Road Map Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA 4 years Credit Hours Business Principles of Management Business Maths - II QTM160 Basic Statistics ENG 243 SOC240 RMT240 F I N MGT241 7

11 BBA Road Map SOC 350 QTM 353 HRM 350 BLW 350 ACC 353 Business IT 120 MGT 363 QTM 364 MGT 364 ECO 362 DRI 300 IT in Business MGT 475 ITB 471 MGT 486 MGT487 8

12 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Semester 1 English I ENG 110 Prerequisite: None This course introduces students to the fundamentals of English language in the world of business. It has been designed to propel students to develop their basic linguistic skills through appreciation of English grammar and composition. This would help the students to participate confidently and constructively in interactions with others by using language clearly and effectively to achieve purposes and convey meanings. The course is instrumental not only in helping the students to further their studies in other disciplines of management sciences but also provides opportunities for the cognitive development of undergraduate students. Principles of Marketing MKT 110 Prerequisite: None Principles of Marketing is a core marketing course which introduces the broad principles involved in the marketing function. It provides an overview of all the marketing activities involved in the provision of products and services to consumers and business customers. This course deals with a study of the marketing concepts, purpose, relationships, problems, opportunities and outcomes within the framework of the company, and in competitive, political, legal, economic, social and global environments. The course is a study of the elements in the marketing mix, including product planning, pricing, channel and logistics of dispersion, and promotion. The main topics include the role and impact of m a r k e t i n g, c o n s u m e r b e h a v i o r, segmentation, positioning, pricing, promotion and marketing planning. This introductory course is essential as a building block for all subsequent courses in marketing. Business Mathematics-I QTM 110 Prerequisite: None This course enables students of business administration to learn basic algebra, linear equations, simultaneous equations, matrix algebra and nonlinear equations and their application in business, economics and finance. The course is designed to solve optimization issues, analyze break-even point. The course also includes tools of Financial Mathematics which enable students to learn financial decision making in terms of annuities, bonds, stocks, amortization, and riskreturns models. This way the course enhances analytical abilities of the students in the courses of finance, economics, accountancy, marketing and other related courses. Microeconomics ECO 110 Prerequisite: None This is the first level course in the area of economics for managers. Microeconomics is the study of individual economic units and their rational behavior regarding optimal decision making in real life. The students in this course learn the concepts of optimal resource allocation as consumers, producers and managers of businesses. The students also learn 9

13 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA pricing policy of the firms under various opportunities to further improve their market situations of perfect and imperfect linguistic skills. This process of enhanced competition. Economic decision-making learning enables students to cope with in the event of various government more complex structures in situations policies and government regulations demanding communication of intricate/ regarding taxation and externalities is the complex ideas. While focusing upon the special focus of this course on the functional aspect of language, the application side. students will be trained to have communicative competence, creativity Principles of Management MGT 110 Prerequisite: None and critical skills. This will enhance their ability to communicate clearly, accurately and effectively in the business The course is designed to provide environment. students an overview of the management function and its role in organizations. The course is intended at highlighting the Business Mathematics -II QTM 121 theoretical aspects of management and Prerequisite: QTM 110 then translating these concepts into The students will be exposed to different practical frameworks. Major focus would mathematical tools from algebra, linear be on making students comprehend the programing and calculus that are functional areas such as planning, commonly used in business application. it organizing, leading and controlling. emphasizes building mathematical Course also emphasis on the development modules for management decision of skills and knowledge needed to problems, solving management problems successfully manage an organization. using. Spread sheets tools & interpreting the solutions. besides working with Principles of Accounting ACC 110 Prerequisite: None systems of linear equations and inequalities, it also causes functions graphing, derivaleves, solving problems & The purpose of the course is to orient the probability concepts. students to accounting as a management information system. The course is designed for those not having studied Islamic Studies SOC 120 principles of accounting and basic Prerequisite: None accounting mechanism- accounting cycle. This course is designed to give students Principles of Accounting covers basic the clear concepts of Islam in light of accounting procedures for both service Quran and Sunnah. It also focuses upon and merchandising businesses. the life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to create awareness among the students Semester 2 English II ENG 121 Prerequisite: ENG 110 about the historical legacy of Islam. It enables the learners to understand the legal, political, social, moral and, spiritual values of Islam. In this course students are provided the 10

14 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Macroeconomics ECO 121 Prerequisite: ECO 110 This course relates to that part of theoretical economics which deals with the economic variables at aggregate level. The students study economy at the aggregate level. Main topics include national income accounts, economic growth, macroeconomic policies, open economy, the role of exchange rate, models related to trade, inflation, unemployment and policies related to these important macroeconomic issues. Although the theoretical knowledge related to established controversies in economics is shared with the students but main focus of the course is on practical application of macroeconomic principles in developing economies with special focus on the Pakistani data obtained from Economic Survey of Pakistan, websites of State Bank of Pakistan and Federal Bureau of Statistics. The instructor is expected to give relatively more examples related to the macroeconomic issues of the Economy of Pakistan. Oral Communication ENG 232 Prerequisite: ENG 121 This course has been designed to hone the oral communication skills of the students. It therefore focuses on the study and practice of conversational English with emphasis on processes by which ideas are interchanged orally from one person to another or to a group. The course consists of regular classroom presentations, formal speaking sessions and discussions on issues of individual/collective interests. Students will make several prepared as well as impromptu oral presentations/speeches to develop their speaking ability. They will be propelled to gather, evaluate, organize, and articulate information in an interactive and meaningful manner. They will conseq- uently be able to refine their oral interpretation and persuasive speaking skills. Basic Satistics QTM: 160 Prerequisite: None The focus of this courses on the application of statistics in business situations. It introduces the fundamental concepts and techniques of descriptive statistics, probability, and their application to business situations. Regression and time series analysis are also studied in detail and their applications are highlighted. Computer based statistical package will be used in the teaching of this subject. Financial Accounting ACC 121 Prerequisite: ACC 110 This course is a continuation of Principle of Accounting. It explores more deeply the accounting principles and convertions related to financial statements' preparation. These two courses together ensure that students fully understand all the activities leading to preparation of financial statements & the characteristics of financial statement components. Semester 3 11

15 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Statistical Inference QTM 232 Prerequisite: QTM 160 This course is designed to introduce concepts and techniques which are extensively used in public and private business decision making. The statistical techniques covered in this introductory course are used in functional areas of accounting, finance, marketing, economics and human resource management. The course emphasizes on application of real data, active learning, quantitative literacy, statistical thinking and the use of statistical software where needed. Students are introduced the power of descriptive statistical methods, probability, and the decision making process in applied business management. Major topics included in the course are probabilities under various conditions, random variables, decision making, normal distribution, sampling and distribution-operational consideration in sampling distribution, point estimates, interval estimates, confidence level and Intervals, t-distribution, testing hypotheses-different models and techniques, ANOVA and different rank tests. Cost Accounting ACC 232 Prerequisite: ACC 121 This course explores principles and methods of accounting for materials, direct labor, and the distribution of overhead expenses, cost records, operating reports, and budgetary control. Topics include job-order costing, process costing, by-product and joint-product costing, activity-based costing, just in time, and cost of quality. The purpose of this course is to acquaint the students with basic concept of cost accounting, which enables them to use the accounting information system in an industrial and business environment. The course includes basic cost accounting cycle, cost classification and cost accumulation procedures. Fundamentals of Finance FIN 230 Prerequisite: ACC 121 Fundamentals of finance aim to prepare the students for more advanced undergraduate courses in finance or for careers in which financial knowledge is important. The course introduces the students to basic finance concepts i.e. the saving-investment process, financial intermediation by bank and non-bank finance intermediaries, financial markets and instruments, as well as the financial problems faced by business concerns and ways to solve them. The course will introduce the students to the basic concepts including time-value of money, financial implications of different legal forms of business, ratio analysis, risk return relationship, cost of capital and basics of capital budgeting. Marketing Management MKT 231 Prerequisite: MKT 110 Marketing Management is the second core course in marketing and deals with the application of principles studied in the earlier semester. The course is designed to familiarize the students with the methods, processes, practices and impact 12

16 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA of the actions and strategies that are approach is also useful in educating the developed based on the known and students about the taxonomy of the state accepted principles of marketing. It helps and in motivating them to develop a sense the students in developing their of patriotism as well as an urge for analytical, decision making and problem creative reconstruction. Constitutional solving skills and applying these to the Development since 1947, Political real world marketing situations. Systems and their functioning is also covered. Semester 4 Business Communication Research Methods and Techniques ENG 243 RMT 240 Prerequisite: ENG 121 Prerequisite: QTM 232 This course provides students with an This course develops an understanding of understanding of the communication t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f r e s e a r c h i n process and the principles underlying Management Sciences. It provides effective written, oral and non-verbal training and insight in an organized communications. It focuses on providing process for conducting inquiry into the students with a basic know-how of issues related to business, economics, communicating in English in the world of management, finance, marketing and business and enhances their competence leadership. This course provides students in writing, reading and speaking at the with the knowledge and skills which they workplace. Special attention is directed to need to solve complex problems and help ensure that students demonstrate them in effective decision making, practical skills, besides acquiring irrespective of the nature of their area of theoretical knowledge of the related special interest in the field of subject. management sciences. The focus of the course at our institution is on 'doing' Pakistan Studies SOC 240 Prerequisite: None This course is aimed to create awareness rather than 'reading' research methods. In every lecture, class participation is required in terms of their progress made in the topics of their interest. The among the students about the Vision of instructor builds critical and analytical Pakistan, as given by our leaders during skills in the students and enables them to the freedom movement and after the produce publishable research paper or at emergence of Pakistan; the rationale of least sound research proposal of Pakistan's creation is highlighted. This approach will, hopefully, bring an element of objectivity in explaining the creation of Pakistan. It will also educate the students about the nature of the state of Pakistan as envisioned by its leaders. This pages. Financial Management FIN 241 Prerequisite: FIN 230 The course is an extension of 13

17 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Fundamentals of Finance course studied in the previous semester. This course aims at elaborating the scope of the topics introduced in the elementary course. The course also focuses to widen the knowledge of finance by introducing advance concepts i.e. how the financial markets; differentiating between accounting income versus cash flows and book values versus market values; the role of interest rate in an economy; interpreting financial ratios; preparation of cash flow statements; capital structure theories; cash flow estimation and risk analysis; working capital management dividend policies and forecasting techniques. Organizational Theory and Behavior MGT 241 Prerequisite: MGT 110 This course provides an overview of the fundamental theories and principles of organizational behavior and illustrates how these theories are translated into practice within organizations. It will demonstrate the importance of understanding behavior at the individual, the group, and the organizational levels. An integral part of this course is to develop students leadership and interpersonal skills through experiential exercises and discussion and to provide students with an opportunity to evaluate their own experiences, preferences, strengths, and weaknesses, and how these may impact their ability to become effective members of organizations. Semester 5 Business Ethics SOC 350 Prerequisite: None The course Business Ethics will cover the various dimensions of the term 'ethics', particularly focusing on its application in the business world. Touching briefly on the philosophical perspective of business ethics, the course will cover ethics at three broad levels- the individual, the organizational and the global. Special emphasis will also be laid on identifying how business ethics contributes to improved organizational performance. A brief glimpse of how various functional practices promote ethical conduct will also be explored. In addition to this, an attempt will be made at enhancing the students' awareness and decision-making skills needed to contribute to ethical conduct of business. Operations Research QTM 353 Prerequisite: QTM 232 This course aims to meet the requirement of many managerial decisions regardless of their departmental orientation by using quantitative models from the discipline of management science. Management sciences tools, techniques and concepts such as data, models and computer systems have dramatically changed the way business operates in manufacturing, service operations, marketing, and finance. In particular, focus is on various ways of modelling and thinking structurally about decision regarding management related problems in order to 14

18 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA enhance the students' decision making skills. Human Resource Management HRM 350 Prerequisite: MGT 241 The Human Resource Management (HRM) course focuses on importance of human capital in modern business. It highlights proactive and productive use of human capital for attainment of organization's strategic objectives. It emphasizes professional approach to maximize return on investment through development of visionary policies to attract, train and retain human capital, determine compensations performance evaluation. Business Law BLW 350 Prerequisite: None The objective of this course is to familiarize students with the laws regulating business. This will enable the students to interpret various legal provisions regulating business. This course will equip the students with the knowledge of minimum legal framework required for starting a business venture and running it successfully in conformity with the legal parameters. accounting and learn a variety of techniques that will allow them to solve business problems relating to costs, prices, revenues, profits, financial planning and competitive strategies. Semester 6 IT in Business IT 120 Prerequisite: None This course covers topics ranging from basic understanding of a computer sysytem to its applications in the vast field of business and management sciences. Computer networks, Databases internet and communication technologies all are part of information technology. This is an introductory course on Information Technology in Business. It includes the introduction to the terminologies related to Information Technology, the basic hardware and software components Systems and E-Commerce. This course also provides an overview of business document formatting, and current software packages in word processing, spreadsheets, databases and web designing tools. Entrepreneurship MGT 363 Managerial Accounting Prerequisite: MGT 110 ACC 353 Prerequisite: ACC 232 Managerial accounting is related with the application of accounting principles and methodologies to business decision problems. In this course students will increase their understanding of Entrepreneurship is a core course that is designed to help the students get a holistic view of the application of theories and practices of Marketing, Finance and HR in the operation of a new business. Entrepreneurship course is developed to provide a comprehensive knowledge to 15

19 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA students about the processes and tools operation processes, cycle view, push/pull which will enable them to start their own view, macro processes, performance ventures keeping in mind risks and achievement, strategy into action (SIA), rewards. This course will familiarize the must win battles, coordination internally & students with the concepts of starting and externally, uninterrupted supplies, operating a new business. The course has warehousing and transportations, profit been designed to instruct students on how improvement plans and finally a cost to plan, formulate, and implement effective business. strategies for a new venture through detailed descriptions on how to embark on a new venture in a logical manner. Managerial Economics ECO 362 Operations & Production Management QTM 364 Prerequisite: QTM 121 This course introduces major themes and strategies of Operations and Production Management within both manufacturing and service organizations. The primary objective is to familiarize students with the basic concepts, techniques, methods, a n d a p p l i c a t i o n s o f o p e ra t i o n s management. Topics include operations strategy, process choice, capacity management, quality management, inventory management, supply chain management, and new product & process development. Latest manufacturing philosophies, such as World Class Manufacturing (WCM), lean manufacturing, mass customization and agile manufacturing are also discussed. Supply Chain Management MGT 364 Prerequisite: MGT 110 A major theme of this introductory course is to study various aspects of supply chain, its objectives, decision phases, strategies and designs, planning, forecasting, Prerequisite: ECO 110,ECO121.QTM 121 Managerial Economics can be termed as business economics. The course coverage extends from the employment of concepts of management, marketing, finance and more of economics to the application of mathematical and statistical tools in business. It is application of economic theory and methodology to managerial decision making problems within various organizational settings such as a firm or a government agency. The emphasis of the course is on demand analysis and estimation of demand and supply relationships, role of elasticity in decision making related to business activities, production and cost analysis under different market conditions, forecasting and decision making under uncertainty. Students taking this course have already studied principles of microeconomics and principles of macroeconomics and they are comfortable with basic algebra and statistical tools. Some knowledge of calculus would also be helpful although not necessary. 16

20 Courses Description-BBA Bachelor of Business Administration - BBA Semester 7 Negotiations and Conflict Management MGT 475 Prerequisite: MGT 110 This course teaches students that how to acquire competitive advantage in conflict through negotiation. A complete theoretical knowledge along with the practice of the technical skills and analytic frameworks that are necessary to negotiate successfully with peers, methods for developing the powerful social capital and to rise in the executive ranks of any organization, are the main components of this course. E-Commerce ITB 471 Prerequisite: ITB 361 This course focuses on principles of E- Commerce from a business perspective. It provides an overview of business and technology topics, business models and marketing strategies. The course emphasizes the organizational issues i.e. business issues and technical issues, related to electronic commerce. This includes studying business models for Business to Business (B2B) and Business to Consumer (B2C) e-commerce systems, technology infrastructure, electronic payment mechanisms, information privacy and competitive advantage in the e-commerce arena. The primary focus will be on the business issues that determine when and why an e-commerce system must be set up; this includes its relationship with supply chain management to determine whether a business is suited for the e-commerce environment. The secondary focus will be the technical issues; i.e. the main technologies for supporting e-commerce systems and how these technologies fit together to form a cohesive system. Semester 8 Personal and Professional Development MGT 486 Prerequisite: None This course attempts to condition the g r a d u a t i n g s t u d e n t s w i t h t h e requirements of the real and professional work. Success in the world outside the university will be a combination of the knowledge acquired, the skills developed, attitudinal changes and persevering application. This course which focuses more on advice and skills development is planned to be delivered through workshop type modules based on a series of topics and issues that a graduating student should know before he leaves the institution. The topics covered during the semester will cover: Communication Skills Module; Personal Development & Leadership Module (Personal Grooming, Leadership skills, Time & Stress Management); IT Skills Module: Professional Development Module (Career Planning); Job Search Module (CV Writing, Interviewing & Networking). 17