Online Supporting Materials. Supplemental Table 1. Composition of the experimental diets, expressed as g/kg diet.

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1 Supplemental Table 1. Composition of the experimental diets, expressed as g/kg diet. Ingredient Digestible starch Resistant starch Native potato starch (Paselli WA) Retrograded tapioca starch (Actistar, Cargill) Wheat Barley Corn gluten meal Potato protein (Protastar) Soy bean oil Animal fat Vitamin mineral premix * CaCO Monocalcium phosphate KCI NaHCO NaCI L-lysine HCI Flavoring (Luctarom Advance Cherry Honey) Total * Provided the following per kg food (of the diet): retinol: 3. mg; cholecalciferol: 5 µg; α- tocopherol: 5 mg; menadione: 1. mg; thiamine:.75 mg; riboflavin:. mg; niacin: mg; pyridoxine: 1. mg; cyanocobalamin: 15µg; panthothenic acid: 13 mg; choline chloride: 3 mg; folic acid:.5 mg; biotin:.1 mg; Fe: mg (FeSO.H O); Cu: 1 mg (CuSO.5H O); Mn: 3 mg (MnO); Zn: mg (ZnSO.H O); Co:. mg (CoSO.7H O); I:.75 mg (KI); Se:. mg (Na SeO 3 ).

2 Supplemental Table. Primer sequences used for qrt-pcr. Gene symbol Primer sequence (Forward) Primer sequence (Reverse) ALPI CTACACATTGCGTGGAAG ATGGAGGTATATGGCTTGA ANGPTL AGATTCAGCAACTCTTCC AATTCTGGATTCTCAAGTG CHGA AAGAAACAGAGCAGTTATGA CCTCCTTCAACTCAGTCT FFAR1 CTTGTCCTCTGTCACCTG AGGGAGCTGGTAGTATTG FFAR CGTGTTCATCGTTCAGTA GAAGTTCTCATAGCAGGTA FFAR3 TGGAGACCTTACGTGTTG CGAGGATGAGAAGTAGTAGAT GCG (glucagon) CAAGAGGAACAAGAATAACAT AAGAACTTACATCACTGGTA GPR119 TATAGGCAGAAGGAGGTA AGAGAAGGAGGAGGAATG GPR1 TGGGATGTGTCGTTTGTT CCTTGATGCCTTGGTGAT FABP1(L-FABP) TGAACTCAACGGTGACATA ATTCTCTTGCTGATTCTCTTG FABP (I-FABP) AGATAGACCGCAATGAGA TCCTTCTTGTGTAATTATCAGT PYY AGATATGCTAATACACCGAT CCAAACCCTTCTCAGATG RPLP CTTTAGGCATCACCACTA TGTCTCCAGTCTTAATCAG SLC5A (SMCT1) CGCAGATTCCTACTAACC GATTGTCAGTTCCACCAT SLC1A (ASBT) TGCCTCTTAATCTATACCA GGACACAGGAACAATAAG SLC1A1 (MCT1) CATCAACTACCGACTTCTG TACTGGTCTCCTCCTCTT SLC7A (FATP) GGTTCTGGGATGATTGTG TGGTTGAGGAGGTATCTG VIL1 TATTATTGGTGTTCGTGCTA TCTGGAGGAATAGGATACTAA

3 Supplemental Table 3. General characteristics of pigs fed the digestible starch or the resistant starch diet at the end of the intervention, expressed as means ± SEM (n = 1). Diet Measurement Digestible starch Resistant starch P-value Body weight (kg) 7 ±.3 71 ± 5.. Fat depth (mm) 9. ± ± Length small intestine (m) 1. ± ±..77 Length colon (m) 5. ±. 5. ±. 1.

4 Online Supporting Materials Supplemental Figure 1. A SLC1A B SLC7A C FABP D FABP E VIL1 F ALPI G CHGA H FFAR1 I GPR J GCG K PYY L ANGPTL

5 Supplemental Figure 1 (continued). Online Supporting Materials M FFAR N FFAR3 O GPR P SLC1A1 Q SLC5A Relative gene expression of Apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter, SLC1A (A), Fatty acid transport protein, SLC7A (B), Liver-type fatty acid binding protein, FABP1 (C), Intestine-type fatty acid binding protein, FABP (D), Villin 1, VIL1 (E), Intestinal alkaline phosphatase, ALPI (F), Chromagranin A, CHGA (G), Free fatty acid receptor 1, FFAR1 (H), G protein-coupled receptor 1, GPR1 (I), Glucagon, GCG (J), Peptide YY, PYY (K), Angiopoietin-like, ANGPTL (L), Free fatty acid receptor, FFAR (M), Free fatty acid receptor 3, FFAR3 (N), G protein-coupled receptor 119, GPR119 (O), Monocarboxylate transporter 1, SLC1A1 (P), Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1, SLC5A (Q) in mucosal scrapings along the proximal-distal axis of the intestine of adult female pigs, as determined by qrt-pcr. Messenger RNA levels were standardized to RPLP. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3). From left to right, bars represent areas of the gastrointestinal tract from proximal to distal. Small intestine was divided into 1 equal parts, whereas the cecum and colon were divided into resp. segments of equal length. Colon, C; cecum, Ce; small intestine, SI.

6 Supplemental Figure. A B C A RDA analysis of DGGE profiling data of samples from small intestine (A), cecum (B) and colon (C). Nominal environmental variables and are represented by triangles ( ). Samples are grouped by treatment: ( ) and ( ). Each symbol represents one pig. Combined both axes explain.% of the total variance in the dataset for (A), 3.5% for (B) and 1.9% for (C). Digestible starch, ; resistant starch,.

7 cholesterol (mmol/l) GLP-1 (pmol/l) PYY (nmol/l) glucose (mmol/l) insulin (pmol/l) triglycerides (mmol/l) Online Supporting Materials Supplemental Figure 3. A B C ** T T1 T T1 T T1 T T1. T T1 T T1 D E 1 F.5 * T T1 T T1 T T1 T T1. T T1 T T1 Plasma glucose (A), insulin (B), triglyceride (C), cholesterol (D), GLP-1 (E) and PYY (F) values measured in pigs fed the or diet before the start of the treatment (T) and on day 1 of the treatment (T1). Within each graph, n = 1 per treatment, * indicates P <.5, ** indicates P <.1. Digestible starch, ; resistant starch,.