Feminist and Multicultural Perspectives in Working with Survivors of Sexual Assault

Transcription

1 Feminist and Multicultural Perspectives in Working with Survivors of Sexual Assault Candace Park, M.A., LPC, NCC Michele Caruso, Ph.D., LPC-S Stacey Guidry, M.A., LPC-S Nicholls State University

2 OVERVIEW Rationale Feminist & Multicultural Counseling Trends on College Campuses Post Assault Experience Stage Model Interventions Through Feminist & Multicultural Lens Case Study

3 RATIONALE National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey Nearly 1 in 5 women and 1 in 71 men in the U.S. have been raped at some time in their lives 44.6% of women and 22.2% of men experienced sexual violence victimization other than rape at some time in their lives

4 FEMINIST THEORY BRIEF HISTORY Second Wave Grassroots Late 1960 s New Approach in Mental Health Eliminated sexism Eliminated misogyny

5 FEMINIST THEORY - PRINCIPLES Personal is Political Relationships are egalitarian Including the therapeutic relationship Women s perspectives are valued Empowerment

6 MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING Life experience, culture, and values are considered Intervention and goals consistent with individual s needs Cultural context is emphasized in treatment

7 MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING - PRINCIPLES Cultural references and differences Counseling is cross-cultural Emphasis on human diversity Awareness, knowledge, and skills Counselors as globally literate individuals

8 SOCIAL JUSTICE ALL individuals are entitled to equitable treatment regardless Clients exist in and are perpetually impacted by their social context and environmental systems Practitioner identifies and understands multiple injustices as they affect the client as a member of society

9 TRENDS Diversity on Campuses Statistics Why important Impacts treatment Recognizing intersectionality Global perspective

10 TRENDS Online Students

11 TRENDS Developmentally Typical Risky Behaviors CORE results Implications

12 POST-ASSAULT EXPERIENCE Psychological symptoms Physical symptoms Behavioral response PTSD

13 POST-ASSAULT CONSIDERATIONS Nature of the Assault Relationship with the Perpetrator Medical Legal History of Victimization Cultural Background Disclosure

14 EMPOWERMENT FEMINIST THERAPY MODEL Stage 1 - Pre-Rape: Cultural Socialization about Rape Stage 2 - The Rape Event Stage 3 - Crisis and Disorganization Stage 4 - Outward Satisfactory Adjustment and Denial Stage 5 - Reliving and Working Through Stage 6 - Resolution and Integration

15 THEORY & TECHNIQUE THROUGH FEMINIST LENS Example: CBT Definition Limitations Enhancements

16 CBT WITH SURVIVORS Research Specific techniques Considerations

17 CASE STUDY

18 KENDRA Kendra is a 20 year old African American woman who is a junior in college and is attending classes at a nearby university. She is a first generation college student who is living at home with her mother and three younger siblings. Her father passed away just before her senior year of high school after a lengthy battle with cancer. After his death, the family was left with a significant amount of debt from the medical bills, and although her mother has always stressed the importance of getting a college degree, they are struggling to make ends meet. When not in class, Kendra works as a server at a local restaurant most nights of the week to help out. Kendra was encouraged by a friend to go to the counseling center at her university after she disclosed to the friend that she was raped over the previous weekend.

19 WRAP UP CONTACT INFORMATION Questions? Candace Park Assistant Director of UCC Director of Crisis Management Nicholls State University

20 REFERENCES American Counseling Association. (2003). Advocacy competencies. Alexandria, VA: Author. American Counseling Association. (2005). ACA code of ethics. Alexandria, VA: Author. American Psychological Association. (2007). Guidelines for psychological practices with girls and women: A joint task for of APA Divisions 17 and 35. Retrieved from Arredondo, P., & Toporek, R. (2004). Multicultural counseling competencies = Ethical practice. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 26(1), Black, M. C., Basile, K. C., Breiding, M. J., Smith, S. G., Walters, M. L., Merrick, M. T., Chen, J., & Stevens, M. R. (2011). The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey (NISVS): 2010 summary report. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from sfvrsn=2 Brown, S. L., & May, K. M. (2009). Counseling with women. In C. M. Ellis & J. Carlson (Eds.), Cross cultural awareness and social justice in counseling (pp.61-88). New York, NY: Routledge. Burnhill, D.A., Butler, A.L., Hipolito-Delgado, C.P., Humphrey, M., Lee, C.C., Munoz, O., & Shin, H. (2009). The evolution of multicultural counseling: A historical overview. In C. C. Lee, C.C., Burnhill, D.A., Butler, A.L., Hipolito-Delgado, C.P., Humphrey, M., Munoz, O., & Shin, H. (Eds.), Elements of culture in counseling (pp.3-18). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Crethar, H. C., Rivera, E., & Nash, S. (2008). In Search of Common Threads: Linking Multicultural, Feminist, and Social Justice Counseling Paradigms. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 86(3), Evans, K. M. (2013). Issues in counseling women. In C. C. Lee (Ed.), Multicultural issues in counseling: New approaches to diversity (4 th Edition). (pp ). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Hensley, L. G. (2002). Treatment for survivors of rape: Issues and interventions. Journal Of Mental Health Counseling, 24(4), Kress, V. E., Williams, R. L., & Hoffman, R. (2007). Counseling college student who have been sexually assaulted. In J. A. Lippincott & R. B. Lippincott (Eds.), Special populations in college counseling: A handbook for mental health professionals. (pp ). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Lee, C. C. (2013). The cross-cultural encounter: Meeting the challenge of culturally competent counseling. In C. C. Lee (Ed.), Multicultural issues in counseling: New approaches to diversity (4 th Edition). (pp.3-12). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Lee, C. C. & Park, D. (2013). A conceptual framework for counseling across cultures. In C. C. Lee (Ed.), Multicultural issues in counseling: New approaches to diversity (4 th Edition). (pp.3-12). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Lewis, J. A. (2007). Challenging sexism: Promoting the rights of women in contemporary society. In C. C. Lee (Ed.), Counseling for social justice (2 nd Edition) (pp ). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Robinson, T. L. (2005). The convergence of race, ethnicity, and gender: Multiple identities in counseling (2 nd Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Counseling & Development, 70, Sue, D. W. & Sue, D. (2008). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (5 th Edition). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Worell, J. & Remer, P. (2003). Feminist perspective in therapy: Empowering diverse women (2 nd Edition). New York: Wiley.