3D DATA ACQUISITION AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION

Transcription

1 3D DATA ACQUISITION AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION Alberto Sánchez Francisco Gómez Ana Martínez Arturo Ruiz University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology University of Jaén. Spain

2 University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology of the University of Jaén. Contribution to 3D-ICONS 1- Sculptures of Cerrillo Blanco (Porcuna, Jaén) (5 th ct. b.c.) 2- Sculptures of El Pajarillo (Huelma, Jaén) (4 th ct. b.c.) 3- Iberian items from the Province Museum of Jaén. 4- Oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén) (7 th -3 rd ct. b.c.). 5- Wall of the oppidum of Ibros (Ibros, Jaén) (1 st ct. b.c.) 6- Wall of the oppidum Cerro Miguelico (Torredelcampo, Jaén) (1 st ct. b.c.). 6- Burial site of Piquía (Arjona, Jaén) (1 st ct. b.c.). 7- Burial site of Tutugi (Galera, Granada) (5 th - 3 rd ct. b.c.). 8- Burial site of La Noria (Fuente de Piedra, Málaga) (6 th -early 5 th ct. b.c.). 9- Burial chamber of Toya (Peal de Becerro, Jaén) (4 th ct. b.c.). 10- Hypogeum of Cerrillo de la Compañía (Hornos de Peal, Jaén) (6 th ct. b.c.). 11- Sanctuary of Cueva de la Lobera (Castellar, Jaén) (4 th -3 rd ct. b.c.). 12- Cerro de las Albahacas (Santo Tomé), the location of the battlefield of the battle of Baecula, 208 b.c 586 3D models: high and low resolution

3 Tutugi cemetery (Galera, Granada) Burial Chamber of Toya (Peal de Becerro, Jaén) Oppidum Puente Tablas, Jaén Burial Chamber of Piquía (Arjona, Jaén) Wall of Ibros (Ibros, Jaén) Sculptures of El Pajarillo (Huelma, Jaén) Sculptoric group of Cerrillo Blanco (Porcuna, Jaén) Sanctuary Altos del Sotillo (Castellar, Jaén)

4 Contribution of University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology to 3D-ICONS The Iberians (Jaén, Granada, Málaga) Chronology: From VI ct. b. C. to I ct. b. C. Different typologies, sizes and materials: Ceramic, exvotes, sculptures, burials, cemeteries, sanctuaries, oppidum Clay, metals, stone, glass paste

5 Methodology Capture: Self positioning close range laser scanner Equipment: ZScann-800 laser scanner Modeling software: VX elements, Geomagic v.10 Capture: Image-Based - Traditional Photogrammetry- Dense Cloud Photogrammetry Equipment: Canon EOS 40D/ GoPro HERO3 Modeling software: Agisoft Photoscan

6 Wall of the oppidum of Cástulo (Linares, Jaén)

7 Burial mound nº 75. Cemetery of Tutugi (Galera, Granada) House nº 5 Oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén)

8 Griphomaquia Sculptoric group of Cerrillo Blanco (Porcuna, Jaén) Photo Instituto Universitario de 3D model Detail: mesh

9 Sculptoric group of El Pajarillo (Huelma, Jaén) Sculptoric group of Cerrillo Blanco (Porcuna, Jaén) Cemetery of La Noria (Fuente de Piedra, Málaga) Exvote from La Campiña of Jaén Small clay figurine (Tutugi, Galera) Glass paste bead (Tutugi, Galera)

10 Investigación Instituto Universitario en Arqueología de Ibérica Investigación (CAAI) en Arqueología Cemetery of La Noria (Fuente de Piedra, Málaga)

11 Main contributions of 3D model are: 1- Visualization of different phases or moments of occupation in archaeological sites 2- Generation of ortophotography 3- Integration of other analyses into the 3D model 4- Interpretation and reconstruction of structures in parallel to the process of excavation 5- Better understanding of astronomical events in archaeological structures 6- Producing terrain model for the incorporation of unexcavated structures and archaeological material on the surface

12 Oppidum of Puente Tablas (Jaén) Culture of the Iberians Extension: 6 ha Date: VII-III ct. B. C First excavations: the 70s Excavations: New excavations: from 2005 until 2014 A recent plan to valorize the archaeological site

13 Oppidum de Puente Tablas (Jaén) Palace Houses Sanctuary Wall East Gate

14 East Gate/ Gate of the Sun

15 3D model: Sanctuary of Puente Tablas. IV b. C. Dense point cloud 3D model. North Gate/ Main Gate

16 1-Visualization of different phases or stages of occupation in archaeological sites. III ct. b. C IV ct. b. C. Partial substitution of traditional drawing: Higher quality and faster implementation

17 2- Generation of ortophotography Geotiff Each model is scaled and georeferenced Any item or structure is perfectly georeferenced

18 3- Integration of other analyses into the 3D model

19 4- Reconstruction in parallel to the process of excavation Analysis of proposals of reconstruction to ensure their viability Elimination of proposals unviable from a structural point of view Identification and better definition of new elements, specially in the Sanctuary: Presence of second floor in one sector. Analysis of the thicknesses of the walls. Stairway to the wall behind the sanctuary Potential height and shape of the Gate of the Sun (East gate) A reconstruction during the excavation created new questions that could be resolved through the parallel process (search for postholes, access to the different rooms, types of coverings). This would not have been possible if the reconstruction had been carried out after the excavation.

20 Stairway Thick wall. Second floor

21 5- Better understanding of astronomical events in archaeological structures Equinox in two steps and in relation to fertility. First, illuminating the statue of a goddess and then entering into one of the caves. 3D model of the Fertility Goddess

22 Second step: Cave being illuminated by the sun Goddess Sun

23 6- Terrain model for the incorporation of unexcavated structures and archaeological material on the surface ArcScene model Topography + Ortophotography

24 Georeferencing of archaeological items using GPS for incorporation into the model Sling bullets Arrowheads Reconstruction of the wall and the main gate on the model

25 Analysis of the defensive system