Build the College Network Teaching System Based on Cloud Computing
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- Millicent Claire Fowler
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1 Build the College Network Teaching System Based on Cloud Computing College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shanxi Normal University Linfen, , China Abstract Cloud computing is the third information technology revolution, its appearance has an important value and significance to solve the problem of college education resource sharing, construction and applications. In this paper starting from analyzing the main problems in college network teaching, we briefly introduce cloud computing and its characteristics, analyze the advantages of cloud computing application in the network teaching, further build a college network teaching system based on cloud computing, focus on the design of the teaching system structure and function module. 1. Introduction Keywords: Cloud Computing, Network Teaching, Education Information Since the entering of the 21st century, the fast development of information technology, typically multimedia technology and computer network, is changing the environment that we live in and our way of learning. With the popularity and the perfection of the college information technology, it has become the focus of people attention using modern information technology to reform the traditional teaching methods. The network teaching, namely the digital teaching, is a teaching method by means of computer, networking and multimedia to carry out network-based teaching and learning process. The realization of network teaching, not only overcome the limitations of traditional education in time and space, but also improve the efficiency of the teaching resources sharing and achieve rational resources allocation,this teaching method plays a very important role for the development of education. At present, many colleges and universities have done a great deal of beneficial exploration on the construction of network teaching system, and made some achievements, but also far these can not satisfy the demand of practical teaching, there are the matters existing: (1) Under Web2.0 environment, Internet traffic is growing rapidly, such as video online, image sharing, social networking sites and so on, these services need to process large amounts of data. The popularity of mobile broadband networks and mobile intelligent terminal also make the growing number of mobile devices access the Internet, which bring Internet system overload. At the same time, Learners requirements for access to information and services are growing, the development of mobile learning and ubiquitous learning further put forward higher data and service requirements to the network. (2) Along with the computer hardware and software upgrading and the rapid development of a variety of technology, in addition, competition for jobs is increasingly fierce, which requires colleges and universities offer students with the latest laboratory and computer equipment as well as the creation of new courses to improve students' skills and adapt to the new situation, so many schools had to pay a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to carry out the management and maintenance of the hardware, software installation and upgrades. Colleges and universities develop and integrate the school's teaching resources, build teaching system with their network equipment, which has led to repeated construction of the network resources, repeated investment of hardware facilities, duplicated development of the software platform. These dispersed application systems, general have not unified data standard, which led to the emergence of Information Island, this situation seriously impeded the network teaching resources sharing, further affected the development of education. (3) The current Internet has become an important way to spread computer viruses, the spread of computer viruses will affect the normal operation of the computer system, the destruction of the system software and file system, destruction of network resources, so that make network become International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications(JDCTA) Volume7,Number7,April 2013 doi: /jdcta.vol7.issue
2 slow, even cause computer and network system paralyzed, in addition to some teachers and students have poor network security awareness, lack of network security defense technologies and capabilities, such as the exchange of information between teachers and students through , BBS, chat rooms, and other tools, make it possible that teaching system infected with virus, all these cause unpredictable damage to the network teaching system. Against this background, based on the development of distributed computing and grid, a new service computational model produced, namely cloud computing, it provides new ideas and solutions for network teaching. Users no longer have to spend a lot of money and time in the to improve client hardware and software environment, just own a basic configuration computer, install a basic software browser and access the Internet, they can take advantage of the cloud computing services to achieve a variety of data processing and storage [1]. The real problems restricted the development of network teaching system long time in cloud computing age will be able to be solved, so build a network teaching system based on cloud computing is very necessary and feasible. In this paper, research and analysis related concepts of cloud computing, characteristics and applications in the network teaching advantages, proposed to build a fully functional, efficient, stable, secure and reliable cloud-based university network teaching system. 2. Preliminary 2.1 Cloud computing definition There are hundreds, if not thousands, of cloud computing definitions floating around the Web today, we select several representative. Web browser pioneer mark Anderson thinks, the clouds is a kind of intelligent, complex and powerful computing system in the sky, people can use it as long as the plug in [2]. Google believes that cloud computing is based on open standards and service, Internet-centred, to provide a safe, fast and convenient data storage and network computing services. IBM believes that cloud computing is a virtualized computer resources pool, a new provide model of IT resources. In short, cloud computing defines a model where specific services are assigned to systems that are accessed through a network. The basic principle is: the application programs required by users are run directly in services cluster of large-scale Internet, user's terminal equipment is only as a login terminal. The processed data is not stored locally, but stored in the Internet data center, the management and maintenance of these data center are provided by cloud computing services provider to ensure a strong computing power and large storage space, users can pay in accordance with the business model of pay-per-use [3]. 2.2 Characteristics of cloud computing Reliable and secure data storage Cloud computing offers the most reliable and secure data storage center, data (such as documents and media) will be automatically synchronized, they can be used in all devices via the Web, which avoids the loss of data or virus invasion [4]. At the same time, cloud computing support data sharing through strict access management strategy Convenient and quick cloud services In the cloud computing era, users need not to install and upgrade a variety of application software in the computer, they can quickly and easily use the various services provided by cloud computing only with a web browser, which will effectively reduce the difficulty of technology applications and further promote the breadth and depth of the development of web services Powerful computing capabilities Cloud computing provides powerful computing capability for network application, it can provide 10 trillion times per second computing power for average users and can complete user s various business requirements. This super-computing power is difficult to achieve in the general computing environment. 1213
3 2.2.4 Economic benefits For the data center operated by the institution itself own, it is expected that the storage cost of the cloud computing service providers are generally only one tenth, while the bandwidth is only half of the cost, only one-third of the calculation processing capacity cost. This advantage will help many institutions to operate with relatively low cost. 2.3 The advantage of cloud computing application in network teaching system Application Cloud computing in the design and development of the network teaching system will bring new impetus Easily build network learning environment In Web 2.0 environment, learner-centered personal learning environment will be the trend of the development of network learning. Learners control and manage individual learning, select learning resources and services, for different learners, they can choose different learning content and tools to create their own learning environment [5]. With the support of cloud computing, the basic elements of the personal learning environment, such as text, audio and video and so on will be controlled and managed by cloud service. Learners can get data and services required to build learning environment only need a browser, they can create flexible and agile learning method, establish rich learning situation without complex software operation [6], thus cloud computing greatly reduces the demand of building the network learning environment Reduce costs, promote resource sharing For colleges and universities, the inputs and maintenance of hardware facilities for teaching and research are a huge expenditure, most of the invested heavily equipment need to update or upgrade some time later, this means a waste of hardware resources. With good hardware facilities, installation and maintenance of software has become a problem. A lot of software often need to install and use in teaching process, genuine software license fees, later software updates, and involved in teaching software installation put forward new requirements to hardware. Cloud computing model can be a very good solution to these problems, do not need configure a high-performance computer equipment in early time, and equipment replacement task is completed by the service provider, The use of various software is similar to the form of loan, all from SaaS clouds sea, there is no need for the computer to install the software required for all courses [7], these can effectively save the college network teaching system construction costs, at the same time cloud computing provides high-level virtualization technology to maximize the resources sharing and collaboration in the network virtual environment, it can effectively eliminate the "island" phenomenon in network teaching system High reliability and security The school's computer room is almost universally considered the viral distribution center, due to the cross and frequently used of computer and storage devices, led computer viruses spread widely in the campus teaching network and the computer room, even teachers computer may become the birthplace of the virus and the source of infection. In cloud computing, student data store in server-side, application program running on the server-side, and calculation processed by the server-side. Cloud computing services are distributed in different servers, a node will be terminated while it fails, another node will automatically be started, which ensures the normal operation of the application and the calculation. Students can restore data in any nodes without backups [8]. In addition, all data are copied to multiple backups on multiple server nodes, it will not be affected even if cloud storage data accidental deleted or hardware crash. Both students and teachers, anytime, anywhere access to important data, do not worry about data loss due to the damage of storage device, and also do not worry about data corruption due to the virus invasion, because these are done by professional Cloud storage service providers [9]. 1214
4 3. Build college network teaching system based on cloud computing 3.1 Design ideas College network teaching system for course teaching is an advanced platform, has the characteristics of web-based environment, student -centred and teacher-led, it reflects the modern education concept, uses a variety of teaching strategies, and gives full play to interaction between teachers and students. It can achieve teaching resource sharing and cross-platform information resource access, provide an open teaching, learning, management a-three-in-one network environment for students and teachers [10]. 3.2 System Architecture Design Cloud computing has caught the various fields of concern since it was put forward, Google, IBM, Amazon and Microsoft, these large IT companies have established their own cloud computing platform [11-15], to provide cloud computing services. We select Baihui Cloud from many cloud computing providers, Baihui committed to the localization of the Zoho products in China, providing a variety of online services. We see Baihui cloud platform as a kind of network environment, and build a network teaching system. The design of system architecture is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. System Structure Diagram User interface layer. It provides Web interface for users to access teaching system on the client side. All kinds of users can access the teaching system through different terminal equipment (PC, mobile phones and other mobile device) and a browser, they can enjoy mass storage and unlimited computing power of cloud computing Software as a service layer ( SaaS). It provides all kinds of applications software about teaching, as well as applications program that can be used directly Platform as a service layer (PaaS). It is built over the infrastructure layer, located in the middle layer of the architecture, for developers to develop various types educational applications based on cloud computing,this layer provides development environment and public API. The public API is available to developers in the form of Web Service, thus developers need not to operate many system management Infrastructure service layer (IaaS). This layer provides computing, data storage and network communications resources for the high layers, it is divided into physical hardware sub-layer and virtual sub-layer, physical hardware sub-layer is composed of real physical hardware and covers servers, storage and network equipment, virtual sub-layer is built over the physical hardware sub-layer, using virtualization technology to manage the underlying hardware and provide computing, data storage and network communications virtual resources for upper layers, IaaS is Located in the bottom of the system architecture. This network teaching system gets full computer infrastructure service (such as storage 1215
5 devices, networking equipment, computing equipment, etc.) from Baihui cloud infrastructure through the Internet, then provides physical service to the upper layer PaaS. 3.3 System function module design We design and develop four function modules in accordance with the requirements of the teaching mode, including curriculum module, test module, communication module and systems management module, as shown in Figure 2. The curriculum module is mainly used to distribute and manage the curriculum; test module is used to test students' learning, as well as help teachers further improve teaching; communication module provides a platform to communicate between students and students, students and teachers; system management module is used to manage users and maintain system. The first three modules are the important part of network teaching system, management module is essential as part of a software system, is material foundation for network teaching. Figure 2. System Function Module Diagram There have three basic users identity in the system, administrators, teachers, students. For different user roles, the interface is same when they login the system, the function is not same. Administrators manage a variety of resources by performing operations in the background, teachers and students achieve the goal of teaching and learning through their space. The main functions of each module describe as follows Curriculum module This module is the core of the network teaching system, is our main research work too. It consists of curriculum learning, curriculum resources and homework three sub-modules. Teachers can deliver news and update a course, they can upload curriculum introduction, syllabus, test program, courseware, reference materials and other information, in order to students look up, they can also arrange, marking, analyze students submitted homework, by reviewing the overall jobs teachers can know students' learning. For students, they can browse curriculum news, learn the course, complete and submit jobs, check condition of homework. No matter when and where, as long as it can connect to the network, students can do all above things Test module Test as an important way of examining students' learning status and learning outcomes, is also an integral part of the network teaching system. It consists of three sub modules, these are chapter exercises, mock test and test management. Teachers can not only add, modify, delete item bank and do other maintenance operations, but also generate test paper randomly and set the test time in the system. 1216
6 when test ends, teacher need login the system to mark subjective questions (short answer questions and program writing questions) and give students corresponding evaluation, while objective items (choice question, fill in the blank question, the judge issues questions), will be automatically judged.. Students can choose learning content according to their own situation, for instance, they may select chapter exercises,mock examination or final examination, they can also view teacher comments through their own space Communication module This module helps teachers and students to communicate online through the network, such as learning methods or questions It includes answering classroom, virtual research room and student forum three sub-modules. Teachers can create an answering classroom for a course, teachers and students, students and students can exchange on the difficult problems, or create some topics in the form of online discussion. The virtual research room is mainly used for teachers to teaching reflect, school-based train, research cooperation, inter-school exchange and so on, teachers from different schools in depth exchange and reflect on the same topic according to their own teaching practice experience, to promote teachers' tacit knowledge innovation and sharing. Student forum is for students to communicate each other conveniently Management Module Through this module, different role user can manage personal information. For administrators, they can achieve user information maintenance, course maintenance and system management, teachers and students can manage their own space. The development and maintenance of the network teaching system is a process of constantly updating and improving, if teachers and students encounter some problems or have new demands, they can tell administrator through the "contact us" for application program timely updating. 3.4 Practical Application We run the course principle of the operating system with the network teaching system. When the teaching practice ended, we have done a network survey for the teaching effect, 90 percent of students were satisfied with the network teaching system, 88 percent of students hoped that they could go on this kind of study, they said, Through this kind of study way, they not only master the curriculum content, but also strengthen the communication with the teacher, further improve the ability of independent learning. Practice has proved that the establish of college network teaching system based on cloud computing achieve full sharing of teaching resources and efficient management, better meet the needs of specific courses, at the same time convenient operation meet teachers to realize the network teaching span technology needs and agile teaching design demand, meet the students' autonomous learning at any time and any place, and ultimately network teaching system can better serve for teaching activities. 4. Summary and outlook In this paper, we take the problems in the network teaching as breach, analyze the characteristics of cloud computing and the advantages of its applications in college network teaching system, elaborate the system architecture and the core module design, at last we have carried it out in teaching practice. Network teaching system based on cloud computing is a new thing, this research is still in the exploratory stage, how to better apply technology in teaching, which need further design and develop new technologies in teaching. We only do some basic research about the cloud computing application, and we would hope this research can lay the foundation for cloud computing technology in the scientific and rational application of network teaching, to better provide high-quality teaching for teacher and student. Acknowledgment This work is supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No ), the Soft science project in Shanxi Province, China (Grant No ). 1217
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