Recueil congru, de sigles et acronymes, incongrus

Transcription

1 UPMC / UFR Informatique Gérard Nowak 15 septembre 2007 Document définitivement provisoire Recueil congru, de sigles et acronymes, incongrus non exhaustif et bien éphémère à l'usage des étudiants, des enseignants et autres acronymophiles ou acronymophobes Quelques abréviations: ff file format fr. en français gt graphics technology mt memory technology nt network technology ot object technology st storage technology (ost: optical st).ext file name extension Documents: - ISO, AFNOR; Dictionnaire de l'informatique Français-Anglais English-French, 89 - IEEE Std Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms (IEEE Std ) - M. Duvivier, C. Léonard; Dictionnaire Télématique, Cépaduès Editions, 89 - Dictionnaire d'informatique, Hermann, Lavoisier, 91 - P. Brandeis, F. Leroy; Le Dictionnaire d'informatique, DunodTech, 92 - M. Ginguay, A. Lauret; Dictionnaire d'informatique, Masson, 93 - ISO 2382 Technologies de l'information - Vocabulaire - CEI 824 Terminologie relative aux microprocesseurs - Revue BYTE - nombreux autres ouvrages (livres, revues, dictionnaires). Sites: yahoo.com Search: acronyms => liste de dictionnaires et de sites de recherche - Search: Acronyms, Protocols - => Global Engineering Documents (CRITER: Corpus du Réseau Interministériel de TERminologie) Remerciements à: Marie-France Le Roch, Marc Cheminaud, Philippe Darche, Gilles-Eric Descamps, François Dromard, Florian Le Goff 1

2 AAC Advanced Audio Coding AAL ATM Adaptation Layer (nt) ABI Architecture Binary Interface (SUN) abr available bit rate AC Alternating Current Audio Code 3 (Dolby) ACD Automatic Call Distributor (telephony) ACIA Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter (Motorola) ACL Access Control List (LAN Manager, sécurité) ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACSE Association Control Service Element (OSI-CASE) ADB Apple Desktop Bus (connector) ADC Analogic to Digital Converter (cf. DAC) ADI Autodesk Device Interface (gt) ADL Architecture Description Language ADM Architecture Development Method ADMD ADministrative Management Domain (CCITT X400) ADO ActiveX Data Object (Microsoft) ADPCM Adaptive Delta Pulse Code Modulation (gt, compression) ADR Automatic Disk Reconstitution ADSI Active Directory Service Interface ADSL Asymmetric bit rate Digital Subscriber Line (nt, 1,6Mbps, 16 à 64Kbps) ADSP Appletalk Data Stream Protocol AEP Applications Environment Profile AES Advanced Encryption Standard AFF Archive File Format AFP Appletalk Filing Protocol AFUU Association Française des Utilisateurs d'unix AGL Atelier de Génie Logiciel AGP Accelerated Graphics Port AH Authentication Header AIF Auxiliary Information File (.ext) AIFC Macintosh AIFF Resource File (.ext) AIFF Audio Interchange File Format Audio Image Format File AIO Asynchronous Input / Output ALAP Appletalk Link Access Protocol ALSA Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit AM Amplitude Modulation Accounting Management (SMFA) AME Advanced Modeling Extension (gt, AutoCAD) ANSI American National Standards Institute AOM Aspect Oriented Modeling AOP Aspect Oriented Programming AP Agent Process (OSI, MSA) APF Appleshare File Protocol Appletalk Filing Protocol API Application Programming Interface APM Advanced Power Management APPC Advanced Program to Program Communication (SNA, LU 6.2) APPN Advanced Peer to Peer Networking (IBM) APS Active Pixel Sensor APT Advanced Packaging Tools (Linux Debian) ARC Advanced RISC Computing (nommer des partitions) argc ARGuments Count (nom de paramètre formel de la fonction main en C) argv ARGuments Vector ARP Address Resolution Protocol (nt) ARQ Automatic Repeat Request AS Autonomous System 2

3 ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASE Application Specific Environment (ISO/IEC ) ASED Application Specific Environment Description (ASE) ASF Advanced Streaming Format ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASK Amplitude Shift Keying (AM) ASLR Address Space Layout Randomization (espace d'adressage de processus et sécurité) ASMP ASymmetrical Multi Processing ASN Abstract Syntax Notation (CMIP) Autonomous System Number (routage) ASP Active Server Page (Web Microsoft) Application Server Provider Analogic Signal Processor Appletalk Session Protocol ASR Automatic Speech Recognition AT Advanced Technology (IBM) ATA Advanced Technology Attachment (IDE interface - IBM PC / AT) ATAPI AT Attachment Packet Interface ATI Associated Technologies Incorporated (gr) ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode Asynchronous Time Multiplexing (nt) Adobe Type Manager (ff, gt) ATP Appletalk Transaction Protocol AU AUdio (ff) (.au) AUI Attachment Unit Interface (AAUI: Apple AUI, MAUI: Multiple AUI) AUPU Average Usage Per User (télécommunications mobiles) AVE Advanced Visualization Extension render (gt, AutoCAD) AVI Audio Video Interleaved (gt, Microsoft, Video for Windows) b2b2c Business To Business To Consumer BAS Basic Activity Subset (OSI, session, X215, X225) BBS Bulletin Board System BCD Binary Coded Decimal BCS Basic Combined Subset (OSI, session, X215, X225) Bull Cabling System (nt) BDC Backup Domain Controller (Microsoft, cf. PDC) BDD Binary Decision Diagram BDF Bitmap Distribution Format (X, police, source) BER Basic Encoding Rules (cf. ASN) BGP Border Gateway Protocol (CIDR) BI Business Intelligence BIND Berkeley Internet Name Domain BIOS Basic Input Output System BIST Built-In Self Test (hardware) bit binary digit BLOB Binary Large OBject (ot) BMH Bit Map Header BMP Bit-MaP (ff, gt), images Windows BNC Bayonet Neil Concelman Bayonet N-type Compact, Bayonet Nut Coupling, Bayonet Nut Connector British Naval Connector, British National Connector Barrel Nut Connector BNF Backus and Naur Form (méta-langue) BOA Basic Object Adapter (CORBA) BOOTP BOOTstrap Protocol BPM Business Process Management BPML Business Process Modeling Language bps bits per second BRS Business Requirement Specification BSA Business Software Alliance BSC Binary Synchronous Communication (nt, IBM) 3

4 BSD Berkeley Software Distribution BSS Basic Synchronized Subset (OSI, session, RX215, RX225) Back Storage Section Block Started by Symbol BUFR Binary Universal Form for Representation (ff, gt, meteorology) CA Certification Authority CAD Computer-Aided Design (Engineering, Learning, Manufacture) Constant Area Density (ost) CAE Common Application Environment (X/Open) CAN Controller Area Network (bus, Bosh, ISO/OSI, SAE) CAR Committed Access Rate CASCO Conformity ASsessment Committee CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering Common Application Service Elements (OSI, application) CASG Controlled Address Space for Gateways CAST Carlisle Adams, Stafford Tavares (CAST-128, cryptography) CATV Community Antenna Television (nt, câble) CAV Constant Angular Velocity (ost) CBEMA Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association cbr constant bit rate CBSE Component Based Software Engineering CBX Computerized Branch exchange (nt) CCD Charge Coupled Device CCIR Consultative Committee for International Radio (standard TV) CCITT Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraph CCM Configuration and Change Management (SMFA) Corba Component Model CCNMA Cache Coherent Nonuniform Memory Access CCR Commitment Concurrency and Recovery (OSI-CASE) CCS Common Communication Support CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface (nt, cf. FDDI) CDE Common Desktop Environment (HP, IBM, NOVELL, SUN) CDF Common Data Format (gt) CD-I Compact Disk-Interactive (Phillips) CDIF CASE Data Interchange Format CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data CD-R Compact Disk-Recordable CFS Cache File System CGA Color Graphics Adapter (320x200, 640x200) CGI Computer Graphics Interface (gt) Common Gateway Interface CGM Computer Graphics Metafile (ff, gt) (.cgm) CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHM Compiled HTML Module (help format) CHRP Common Hardware Reference Platform CHS Cylinder(s) Head(s) Sector(s) CICS Customer Information Control System (SNA) CID Cubic Inch Displacement (font) Connected Information Device CIDB Chassis Intrusion Detection Block CIDR Classless Inter Domain Routing CIE Commission Internationale de l'eclairage (norme codage couleur) CIF Common Interchange (or Intermediate) Format (luminance:352pixels x 288 lignes,chrominance:176x144) CIFS Common Internet File System CIM Compuserve Information Manager CIN Kodak CINeon (.cin, ff) CIR Committed Information Rate CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer 4

5 CLI Call Level Interface (X/Open) CLNP ConnectionLess Network Protocol (OSI 8473) CLSID CLasS IDentifier (COM) CLV Constant Linear Velocity (ost) CM Content Management (Text Mining) CMC Common Mail Calls CMIP Common Management Information Protocol (OSI) CMIS Common Management Information Service (OSI) CMM Capabilities Maturity Model CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Silicon CMOT Common Management Over TCP (IAB, ISO) CMS Content Management System CMYK Cyan Magenta Yellow black (fr.: CMJN) CName Canonical host Name COM Component Object Model (Microsoft) CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture (OMG) COS CORBA Object Services Classes Of Services COSE Common Open Software Environment (groupe) COSS Common Object Services Specification CPI Common Programming Interface cps characters per second CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRL Certicate Revocation List CRM Customer Relationship Management (Text Mining) CRT Cathode Ray Tube CSCIP Compressed SCIP CSLIP Compressed SLIP CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection CSMA/CR Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Contention Resolution CSNW Client Service for NetWare CSP Communicating Sequential Processes CSS Cascading Style Sheet (XML) CSTA Computer Supported Telephony Applications (ECMA) CSTP Client Server Transaction Processing CSU Channel Service Unit (cf. DSU) CSV Comma Separated Value(s) CTS Clear To Send (liaison série, cf. RTS) CUA Common User Access (IBM) CUI Character User Interface Common User Interface CUPS Common Unix Printing System CVF Compressed Volume File (Microsoft) CVP Content Vectoring Protocol CVS Compressed Voice System Concurrent Versionning System DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting DAC Digital to Analogic Converter (cf. ADC) DACL Discretionary ACL DAIS Distribution Application Integration System (ICL) DARPA Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency DAT Digital Audio Tape DAV Digital Audio Video (connector) DB DataBase DBCS Double Byte Character Set DBE Double Buffer Extension DBF DBase File (ff) DBMS DataBase Management System 5

6 DC DCA DCC DCE DCF DCI DCL DCN DCOM DCS DCT DDA DDC DDCMP DDD DDE DDI DDK DDL DDM DDNS DDP DDR DDS DDX DECT DEN DES DFA DFD DFP DFS DGA DHCP DHT DHTTP DIA DIB DICOM DIF DII DIMM DIP DIS DIVE DKI DLC DLL DLP DLS DLT DLUR DLUS Direct Current Document Content Architecture (ff, IBM) Digital Compact Cassette Data Communication Equipment (fr.: ETCD), Data Circuit-terminating Equipment Distributed Computing Environment (OSF) Data Communication Function Display Control Interface (Intel, Microsoft) Dynamic Constraints Language Data Communication Network Distributed COM (Microsoft) Digital Cellular System Discrete Cosine Transform (compression, JPEG) Distributed Data Access (Bull) Display Data Channel (Microsoft) Digital Data Communication Message Protocol (DEC) Data Decision Diagram Dynamic Data Exchange Device Driver Interface Dynamic Data Interchange Device Development Kit Data Definition Language Distributed Data Management (IBM) Dynamic Domain Name Service Datagram Delivery Protocol (Appletalk) Digital Data Processing Disc Description Protocol Double Data Rate (RAM) Digital Data Storage (compression) Device Dependent X Digital European Cordless Telephone Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications Directory Enabled Networking Data Encryption Standard (USFIPS) Deterministic Finite state Automaton (fr.: AFD, cf. NFA) Data Flow Diagram Digital Flat Panel (connecteur) Distributed File System (Xerox, OSF) Direct Graphics Access Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Define Huffman Table (JPEG, JFIF) Distributed Hash Table Dynamic HTTP Document Interchange Architecture (IBM) Device Independent Bit map (ff, gt) Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine (ff, gt) Data Interchange Format (ff, VisiCalc) Dynamic Invocation Interface (CORBA) Dual In-line Memory Module Dual In-line Package (container for an Integrated Circuit) Draft International Standard Direct Interface Video Extensions (FLC, FLI) Device Kernel Interface Data Link Control (SNA) Dynamic Link Library Data Link Layer (FDDI) Digital Light Processing Data Link Switching (IBM) Digital Linear Tape Dependant Logical Unit Requester (APPN) Dependant Logical Unit Server (APPN) 6

7 DMA Direct Memory Access DMAP Distributed Management Application Process (OSI, MSA) DME Distributed object Management Environment DMI Desktop Management Interface DML Data Manipulation Language DMM Direct Mail Manager DMS Distributed Management System DMZ DeMilitarized Zone (sécurité sites) DNA Digital Network Architecture (DEC) DNS Domain Name System (84) DNSSEC Domain Name Server SECurity DOE Distributed Objects Everywhere (projet SUN) DOM Document Object Model DOMF Distributed Object Management Facility (HP) DPAM Demand Priority Access Method DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation (gt, compression) dpi dots per inch DPMA Dynamic Power Management Architecture DPMI DOS Protected Mode Interface DPMS Display Power Management Signaling (VESA) DPS Data Protection System (disk) Display PostScript DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying (PM) DPX Digital Picture exchange (.dpx, ff) DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus (IEEE 802.6) DQT Define Quantization Table (JPEG, JFIF) DRAM Dynamic RAM (CDRAM: Cached DRAM, E: Enhanced, G: Graphics, R: Rambus, S: Synchronous, V: Versatile) DRCS Dynamically Redefinable Character Set DRDA Distributed Relational Database Architecture (IBM) DSA Distributed Systems Architecture (Bull) Digital Signature Algorithm (NIST) DSBE Differential SCSI Buffered Ethernet (card) DSC Document Structure Convention (Adobe, PostScript) DSDM DDE Share Database Manager (Windows) DSI Dynamic Skeleton Interface (CORBA) Dynamic System Infrastructure DSIMM Dynamic SIMM DSN Data Source Name (ODBC) DSO Dynamic Shared Object DSOM Distributed SOM (ot, IBM) DSP Digital Signal Processor DSS Digital Signature Standard (NIST) DST Daylight Savings Time DSU Data Service Unit (cf. CSU) DSVD Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data (Intel) DTC DeskTop Communications (Apple 87) DTD Document Type Definition (markup language) DTE Data Terminal Equipment (fr.: ETTD) DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (téléphonie, télécopie) DTML Document Template Markup Language DTO Data Transfer Object DTP DeskTop Publishing Distributed Transaction Processing DUN Dial-Up Networking (RAS) DVB Digital Video Broadcasting (150 partenaires européens, diffusion/réception de signaux audio/vidéo) DVD Digital Versatile Disc DVI Digital Video Interactive (IBM, Intel, compression) DVP Digital Video Project 7

8 DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (réseau, fibre optique) DWIS Differential fast / Wide Intelligent SCSI-2 DXF Data exchange Format (gt, CAD, AutoDesk) (.dxf) ou Drawing interchange Format EAI Enterprise Application Integration (middleware) EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol EAPOL EAP Over LAN EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (IBM) EBP Extended Base Pointer EBR Extended Boot Record ECC Error Checking and Correcting (memory) ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association ECP Extended Capabilities Port E-CRM Electronic mail - CRM ED Extended Density EDA Embedded Document Architecture EDC Error Detection and Correction (mt) EDGE Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution (UMTS) EDI Electronic Data Interchange (Edifact) Extended Destination Index EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport EDO Extended Data Out (mt, RAM) EDP Electronic Data Processing EEC Extended Error Correction EEM External Expansion Module EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM EFS Encrypted File System (NTFS) EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter (640x350) EGP External Gateway Protocol (nt, RFC) EIA Electronics Industries Association EIDE Enhanced IDE EIO Enhanced Input / Output EIP Enterprise Information Portal Extended Instruction Pointer EIS Executive Information System EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture EJB Enterprise Java Bean ELD Electro Luminescent Display ELF Executable and Linkable Format EMA Expanded Memory Area EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference EMM Expanded Memory Manager EMS Expanded Memory Specification EOF End OF File EP Echo Protocol (Appletalk) EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPP Enhanced Parallel Port EPROM Erasable Programmable ROM EPSF Encapsulated PostScript File (ff, Adobe, Altsys, Aldus) (.eps) ERD Entity Relationship Diagram Emergency Repair Disk (Windows) ERDAS Earth Resource Data Analysis System (ff, gt) ERP Enterprise Resourse Planning ESA Energy Star Ally ESC Energy Star Computers (programme EPA) Epson Stylus Color (ff, impression) ESCD Extended System Configuration Data (PnP) ESDI Enhanced Serial Data Interface Enhanced Small-Device Interface ESF Energy Saving Features ESI Extended Source Index 8

9 ESIOP Environment Specific Inter-ORB Protocols (CORBA) ESM Existing Security Mode External Storage Module ESMTP Enhanced SMTP ESP Enhanced Service Provider Epson Stylus Pro (ff, impression) Encapsulating Security Payload Extended Stack Pointer ETL Embedded Transmission Line Extract, Transform, Load EUI End User Interface (API) EUUG European Unix User Group EXCA EXchangeable Card Architecture FAP Format And Protocols FAQ Frequently Asked Questions FAT File Allocation Table FCB File Control Block FCC Federal Communications Commission FCE Forward Correction Error FCFS First Come First Served (disk) FC / OM Fibre Channel / Optical Module FCS Frame Check Sequence FD Floppy Disk FDD Floppy Disk Drive FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (nt, ANSI, cf. CDDI) FDIS Final DIS FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access (nt, FM, fr.: AMRF) FFT Fast Fourier Transform Final Format Text (ff, DCA) FFS Fast File System (Berkeley 4.2) FGF Free Graphics Format (gt) FHS File system Hierarchy Standard FIFO First In First Out FIPA Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (W3C) (US)FIPS (United States) Federal Information Processing Standard (sécurité) FITS Flexible Image Transport System (gt, astronomy) FLC (origine: FLiCks: ciné, cinoche) format images animées (.flc), Autodesk, 3D Studio FLI (origine: FLIcks: ciné, cinoche) format images animées (.fli), Autodesk, 3D Studio FM Frequency Modulation FNS Federated Naming Service (XFN) FO Fiber Optic FOC Fiber Optic Cable FOIRL Fiber Optic Inter Repeater Link FPM Fast Page Mode FPNW File and Print services for NetWare fps fields per second FPU Floating-Point Unit FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name (DNS) FRU Field Replaceable Unit FRC Frame Relay Connectivity FRS Frame Relay Service FS File System FSB Front Side Bus FSBE Fast SCSI Buffered Ethernet (card) FSF Free Software Foundation FSK Frequency Shift Keying (FM) FSM Finite-State Machine FSSTND File System STaNdarD FST Flatter Squarer Tube FTAM File Transfer Access and Management (OSI-CASE) 9

10 FTP File Transfer Protocol GAL Generic Array Logic GDI Graphics Device Interface (Windows) Graphical Display Interface GEF Graphics Exchange Format (gt, GIF moins LZW) GEM (ff, gt, Digital Research GEMDraw) GID Group IDentification GIF Graphics Interchange Format (CompuServe, 1/256 couleurs/pixel) Global Integration Framework (IC) GIOP General Inter-ORB Protocol (CORBA) GIX Global Internet exchange GKS Graphical Kernel System GMF Graphics MetaFile (ff, gt) GMT Greenwich Mean Time GND GrouND GNOME GNU Network Object Model Environment GNU (projet FSF) GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus (IEEE 488) GPL General (ou GNU General) Public License GPO Group Policy Object (Active Directory) GPRS General Packet Radio Service GPS Global Positioning System GRIB GRIdded Binary form (ff, gt, meteorology) GRUB GRand Unified Bootloader (GNU) GSB Graphical Server Builder (middleware) GSM Global System for Mobile communications GSNW Gateway Service for NetWare GSP Graphics System Processor GSS Generic Security Service (GSSAPI) GUI Graphical User Interface GUID Global Unique IDentifier (COM) HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer HBA Hosts Bus Adapter HD High Density Hard Disk HDD Hard Disk Drive HDF Hierarchical Data Format (gt, National Center for Supercomputing Applications) HDLC High level Data Link Control (ISO) HDRI High Dynamic Range Radiance Imaging (gt, format) HDSL High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line (nt, 2Mbps) L: Low 160Kbps, M: Medium 400Kbps, V: Very high 3Mbps) HDTV High Definition TeleVision HFS Hierarchical File System HFS+ HGC Hercules Graphics Card HLL High Level Language HLR Home Location Register (GSM, CDMA) HMA High Memory Area (DOS) HOL High Order Language HOOD Hierarchical Object Oriented Design HPFS High Performance File System (OS/2) HPGL Hewlett Packard Graphics Language (ff, gt) HPR High Performance Routing (APPN) HSI High Speed Interface HSM Hierarchical Storage Management (Windows NT) HSRP Hot Router Standby Protocol (Cisco) HSSI High Speed Serial Interface HTML HyperText Mark-up Language (.htm) HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol HTTPS HTTP Secure 10

11 IAB Internet Architecture Board (cf. RFC) IAC Interactive Application Communications (architecture) IBP Itty-Bitty Processor IC Integrated Circuit IC Integration Consortium ICA Intelligent Communications Adapter (nt) ICANN Internet Cooperation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICM Image Color Matching (Kodak) ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICS IBM Cabling System (nt) International Classification for Standards ICU ISA Configuration Utility IDA Interchange of Data between Administration (Sendmail) IDAPI Integrated Database API (Borland) IDC Internet Database Connector IDE Integrated Development Environment Integrated Drive Electronics (interface) Intelligent Disk Enhancement IDEA International Data Encryption Algorithm IDL Interface Definition language (OMG) IDP Internetwork Datagram Protocol (nt, XNS) IDS Intrusion Detection System (N: Network, H: Host, NN: Node Network, AB: Application Based, D/ Distributed, SB: Stack Based) IDU Interface Data Unit (OSI, IEEE 802) IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IFF Interchange File Format IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (ff, gt, ANSI) IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol Inetrnet Gateway Multicast Protocol IGP Interior Gateway Protocol (nt) IHDR Image HeaDeR IID Interface IDentifier (COM) IIOP Internet Inter-ORB Protocol (CORBA) IIS Internet Information Server (Microsoft) IKE Internet Key Exchange IMAP Interactive Mail Access Protocol Internet Message Access Protocol IMG (ff, gt, GEM) IMP Interface Message Processor (nt) IMS Information Management System (SNA) Internet Mobile Services IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity IOR Interoperable Object Reference (CORBA) IP Internet Protocol IPI Intelligent Peripheral Interface IPL Initial Program Loader IPID Interface Pointer IDentifier (COM) IPC Inter Process Communication Inter Process Channel (pipe) IPCP Internet Protocol Control Protocol IPDS Intelligent Printer Data Stream (format impression, IBM) IPM Intelligent Power Manager IPMS InterPersonal Messaging System (X400) IPP Internet Printing Protocol IPS Information Processing Systems (ISO) IPSE Integrated Project Support Environment IPX Internet Packet exchange IRC Internet Relay Chat 11

12 IRDA Infra-Red Data Association (115 Kbps) IRQ Interrupt ReQuest IRV International Reference Version) coded character set (ISO/IEC 646) ISA Industry Standard Architecture Internet Security and Acceleration (Server) ISAPI Internet Server API ISC Internet Systems Consortium ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISL Interconnect Serial Link (Bull) Inter Switch Link (Cisco) ISO International Organization for Standardization ISOC Internet SOCiety ISONET ISO information NETwork ISP International Standardized Profile (ISO/IEC) Internet Service Provider ISU Integrated Servive Unit (CSU/DSU) ITU International Telecommunication Union IVD Integrated Voice/Data (IEEE 802.9) IVR Interactive Voice Response J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition (Sun) JAR Java ARchive JBIG Joint Bitonal Image Group (archivage, télécopie, documents monochromes) JCE Java Cryptography Extension JCP Jabber Communication Platform JDBC Java DataBase Connectivity JDK Java Development Kit JEFF Java Execution File Format JFIF JPEG File Interchange Format JFS Journaled File System (IBM) JINI (Sun, Java, network) JIT Just In Time (Java compiler) JMS Java Messaging Service (Sun) JNDI Java Naming and Directory Interface JNI Java Native Interface (API, RMI) JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group (compression d'images) (.jpg) JRE Java Runtime Environment JRMI Java RMI JRMP Java Remote Method Protocol (RMI Wire Protocol) JSDK Java Servlet Development Kit JSF Java Server Faces JSP Java Server Page JSR Java Specification Requests JTA Java Transaction API JTC Joint Technical Committee (ISO, IEC) JTM Job Transfer and Manipulation (OSI-CASE) JTS Java Transaction Service JUD Jabber User Directory JVM Java Virtual Machine (Sun) KCMS Kodak Color Management System KDC Key Distribution Center KLM Kernel Lock Manager (RPC, UDP) KM Knowledge Management KOD Knowledge Oriented Design L2F Layer Two Forwarding L2TP Layer Two Tunneling Protocol L4G Langage de 4ème Génération LAC L2TP Access Concentrator LALR Look Ahead LR LAN Local Area Network LAP Link Access Procedure (CCITT, X25) 12

13 LAPB LBA LCD LCP LDAP LDCM LDP LEAP LED LFN LfP LFU LIFO LILO LIM LIR LL LLC LMI LNS LOA LPC lpd lpp LPRng LQ LR LRU lsb lsd LSI LU LUT LWO LZ LZS LZW MAC MAM MAN MAP MAPI MASIF MAU mbps MBR MCA MCGA MCI MCM MCU MD MDA MDI MET mflops Link Access Protocol Balanced (X25) Logical Block Addressing (hard disk) Liquid Crystal Display Link Control Protocol (PPP) Light-weight Directory Access Protocol LAN Desk Client Manager Linux Document Pages Linux Documentation Project Lightweight EAP Light Emitting Diode Long File Name Language for Prototyping Least Frequently Used Last In First Out LInux LOader Lotus Intel Microsoft (EMS) Local Internet Registries (NCC) Left to right scanning of input, constructing a Leftmost derivation (grammaire) Logical Link Control sublayer (nt, ISO , DLL) Link Management Interface L2TP Network Server Library Object Adapter (CORBA) Local Procedure Call (Windows) Line Printer Daemon lignes par pouce Line PRinter Next Generation Letter Quality Left to right scanning of input, constructing a Rightmost derivation reverse (grammaire) Least Recently Used Least Significant Bit Least Significant Digit Large Scale Integration (Medium) Logical Unit (SNA) Look Up Table (imagerie) Light Wave 3D Object (gt, format) Lempel Ziv (compression) Lempel Ziv Stacker (compression) Lempel Ziv Welch (compression) Medium Access Control sublayer (nt, ISO , DLL) Media Asset Management Metropolitan Area Network Manufacturing Automation Protocol (nt, General Motors) Messaging API (Microsoft) Mobile Agent System Interoperability Facility (OMG) Medium Attachment Unit Mega Bytes Per Second Master Boot Record Micro Channel Architecture MultiColor Graphics Adapter Media Control Interface Model Configuration Management Multipoint Control Unit Message Digest algorithm number n (MD5, cryptography) Monochrome Display Adapter Model Driven Architecture (OMG) Mail Delivery Agent Multiple Document Interface Medium Dependent Interface METa file (gt, format, OS/2) millions of floating-point operations per second 13

14 MFS Macintosh File System MFT Master File Table (NTFS) MFU Most Frequently Used MGA Monochrome Graphics Adapter MHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia information coding Expert Group MHS Message Handling System (CCITT, X400, OSI-CASE) MIB Management Information Base (OSI) MIC Medium Interface Connector Modulation par Impulsion et Codage (nt) MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIF framemaker Intermediate Format (gt) MIFD Management Information Format Database MIFF Maya Image File Format (.iff, ff) MII Medium Independent Interface MIMD Multiple Instructions - Multiple Data (streams) MIME Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions mips million instructions per second MIS Management Integrated System MISD Multiple Instructions - Single Data (streams) M-JPEG Motion - JPEG (compression d'images) MMAP Mobile Message Access Protocol (cf. SMAP) MMC Microsoft Management Console MMQS Microsoft Message Queue Server MMS Manufacturing Messaging Service (OSI-CASE) Multimedia Messaging Service MMU Memory Management Unit MMX Multi-Media extensions MN Managed Node (SNMP) MNO Mobile Network Operator (en France: Bouygues, Orange, SFR) MO Magneto-Optical MOF Meta Object Facility (Q: Query, V:View, T:Transformation) Managed Object Format (OMG) MOM Message Oriented Middleware MOTIS Message-Oriented Text Interchange System (OSI, MHS) MOV QuickTime MOVie (.ext) MP3 MPEG Audio Layer 3 MPC Multimedia for PC (Windows, WAV, AVI) MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group (.mpg, compression d'images et sons) MPG MPeG format file (.ext) MPI Message Passing Interface MPLS Multi-Protocol Layer Switching MPP Massively Parallel Processor MPR Multiple Provider Router MPX Microsoft Project exchange (ff) MQS Message Queuing Software Module Query System MRBC Multiple Resolution Bitmap Compiler MRM Motif Ressource Manager MRU Maximum Receive Unit MSA Managed Systems and Agents (OSI) msb Most Significant Bit MSC Message Sequence Chart (processus) MSCHAP MicroSoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol msd Most Significant Digit MSFS Mail Slots File System MSISDN Mobile Station ISDN MSN MicroSoft Network MT Multiple Threads MTA Message Transfer Agent (X400) ou Mail MTBF Mean Time Between Failures 14