The Impact of Anonymous Proxies In Education

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1 The Impact of Anonymous Proxies In Education 2014 Survey Results Proxies can be used to access pornographic or file sharing sites. during Once a student successfully finds a proxy site, everyone knows about it within an hour, but that hour they only play around.

2 IINTRODUCTION This survey is an assessment of anonymous proxies across over 200 education organizations in the UK and USA. An anonymous proxy is the most popular and easiest way for users to bypass any Web content filtering restrictions. Once connected to an anonymous proxy server, users can access any Web page even if the Web filter should have blocked access to it. The availability of proxy sites has increased dramatically in the past few years due to the easy availability of open source software tools and the large amounts of how to guides available on sites such as YouTube. This allows anyone with rudimentary knowledge of computing and software development to easily create a proxy bypass site in minutes then host it on a Web server for anyone to access. Proxy sites in themselves may not always be malicious, but as this survey highlights, many of them are used for malicious activities. The biggest worry for education is the increased risk created by students bypassing content filtering and the consequences of allowing students to access inappropriate Web content, either deliberately or accidentally. With the high proliferation of available anonymous proxy sites and with many thousands of new sites being created every week, Web filters that rely on anonymous proxy URL lists to block access to new proxy sites are no longer efficient or effective. Consequently, the responsibility often lies with IT managers spending time and resources that could be put to good use in other areas of IT to identify and block these sites. This often leads to delays in dealing with this, allowing students to surf freely until the site is blocked. WHAT IMPACT ARE ANONYMOUS PROXIES CURRENTLY HAVING IN YOUR ESTABLISHMENT? The research indicates that anonymous proxies are still an issue for 67% of all organizations. Overall, nearly 13% of all respondents agreed that it was a fairly serious or major problem, spending a fair to excessive amount of time keeping it under control. 53% responded that it was only a minor problem and the IT teams were managing to keep this under control. At the other end of the scale, 33% said that, at the moment, they weren t a problem. HOW DOES THE PROBLEM OF ANONYMOUS PROXIES COMPARE TO 12 MONTHS AGO? Only 36% of respondents state that they are spending less time dealing with anonymous proxies than they did 12 months ago, with 44% spending the same amount of time. However, 20% of respondents are now spending more or significantly more time dealing with the problem 15% state that the problem is slightly worse and 5% state that the problem is significantly worse compared to 12 months ago. IN A TYPICAL WEEK, HOW MUCH TIME WOULD YOU SAY YOU SPEND DEALING WITH ANONYMOUS PROXIES? The biggest percentage of respondents (95%) say they are spending two hours or less dealing with anonymous proxies each week. 78% stated it was less than one hour per week and 17% stated it was between one to two hours per week. 3% stated it was between two to four hours per week and 2% stated it was over four hours per week.

3 TYPICALLY, HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO FIND OUT ABOUT A NEW ANONYMOUS PROXY SITE AND GET IT BLOCKED? The research indicates that 65% of organizations can identify and block access to new proxy sites within a few hours, and that 12% can accomplish this within one day. Worryingly, 33% of respondents stated that it took a few days or a week or more to identify and block access to new proxy sites. On the surface, the fact that for nearly two thirds of organizations, it only takes a few hours to identify and block access may appear to be acceptable. However, the fact is that even within those few hours, students can access any Web page and this should be a concern. For the other third of organizations, it can take up to a week or more to identify and block new proxies, This delay and the implications of students having open access to any Web content must be a huge concern for IT and management. WHAT ARE YOUR BIGGEST CONCERNS ABOUT STUDENTS ACCESSING ANONYMOUS PROXIES? Students accessing inappropriate content was the biggest concern for 30% of respondents with 23% of respondents stating that increased security risks was a concern. Nearly 38% of respondents were equally concerned about students accessing games and students being distracted and losing productivity. This might suggest that there is a strong correlation between accessing games and productivity. Given the increased security risks posed by accessing proxy sites, the fact that only 9% of respondents were worried about confidential information being stolen is surprising. The types of sensitive personal information an establishment will typically hold about students, and the ease with which that could be leaked if a network was compromised, suggests that organizations may not fully understand the implications. DO YOUR NON-IT EXECUTIVES OR STAFF UNDERSTAND WHAT AN ANONYMOUS PROXY IS, AND THE PROBLEM OR RISK PROXIES CAN CREATE? Respondents stated that only about one in ten members of staff completely understood what an anonymous proxy was and the risk they posed. Almost a fifth (18%) stated that staff had no knowledge of what proxies were. In addition 42% said that staff had very little understanding about the issue, 21% thought staff had a basic knowledge of proxies and 12% considered staff to know what proxies were, but did not understand the implications. A lack of awareness amongst non-it staff is a cause for serious concern. If staff don t understand the risks then they could be unwittingly exacerbating the situation and failing to protect students from a whole host of online risks. There is a real need to educate all members of staff about how to keep children and young people safe online. The knowledge chasm identified by respondents combined with the fact that schools and colleges are unable to typically respond in real-time to online threats, creates a gaping hole in their online security.

4 CONCLUSIONS The issue of anonymous proxies continues to cause concern and continues to be a game of tug-of-war between students utilizing anonymous proxy sites and IT detecting and blocking access to them. The problem of proxies appears to well be understood by IT Staff but there is a significant lack of awareness and understanding about these risks outside of IT. Given the ongoing issues related to the online safety of children and young people and the recent media and public interest in this, organizations need to take steps to ensure that they have adequate tools in place to deal effectively with proxies and block access in real-time rather than in hours, days or weeks. In addition, organizations need to look at how they will improve the knowledge about anonymous proxies outside of IT. Given that people can often be the weakest link in a security policy, this knowledge gap should be addressed quickly. Using traditional Web filters that rely on anonymous proxy URL lists or keyword scanning and analysis to identify and block access is no longer efficient or effective. As this research points out nearly 45% of respondents claim it takes between a few hours and a week or more to get a new proxy site blocked which is a huge amount of time, and worrying when you think how long users can openly surf the Web and how many sites they could visit through a proxy server before it is shut down. The best protection that organizations can deliver to ensure the safety of users and their networks is to adopt a multi-point strategy. This includes deploying a third-generation filtering technology that combines the best in traditional approaches with more sophisticated, point-of-request page content analysis that spots anonymous proxies in real-time; clear and well publicized Acceptable Use Policies that not only forbid access to anonymous proxies but emphasize the organization s ability to detect them; and an organizational willingness to consistently enforce AUPs based on actual Web access intelligence per user. The latter two points are managerial issues but the former requires a technology that most filters do not have. The Bloxx Web Filter and Secure Web Gateway are powered by its patented Tru-View Technology (TVT) content categorization engine. This third-generation technology conducts live contextual analysis to rapidly classify requested Web pages in real-time to provide zero-second protection. With respect to anonymous proxies, TVT not only looks for common words and phrases, but for code structures characteristics of these sites, and analyzes the relationships between these elements to build levels of classification confidence. If the level rises above a specified threshold, access to the web page is blocked, even if no one in the organization had previously visited the site. TVT also examines all layers of a site to find hidden proxy functionality, and it is extremely accurate. It will not, for example, mistake a Wikipedia page about anonymous proxies for an anonymous proxy itself. Yet if the Wikipedia page were to link to a real anonymous proxy, the filter would block that site as soon as a user tries to visit it. As an extra layer of protection, even if a user manages to bypass the filter, TVT still continues to analyze and categorize the pages being requested through the proxy server.

5 Q1. BEFORE WE GET STARTED, PLEASE LET US KNOW THE TYPE OF ORGANIZATION YOU REPRESENT. a) School District or Education Authority 40% b) School - Students age % c) School or College - Students Age % It just means students are wasting valuable time trying to find out ways to get on Facebook and other related sites and it just creates a cat and mouse game for the IT Dept. Students waste time trying to find them, and when a new proxy is found word gets around very quickly.

6 Q2. WHAT IMPACT ARE ANONYMOUS PROXIES CURRENTLY HAVING IN YOUR ORGANIZATION? a) Not a problem at all 33% b) Only a minor problem - we are managing to keep this under control c) A fairly serious problem - we spend a fair bit of time keeping this under control d) A major problem - we are spending excessive amounts of time keeping this under control 54% 10% 3%...this was damaging as the students were using the proxy to access hateful sites with no detailed logging on what exactly they were doing. Children accessing games sites, social networking sites and pornographic sites.

7 Q3. HOW DOES THE PROBLEM OF ANONYMOUS PROXIES COMPARE TO 12 MONTHS AGO? a) Better - I'm spending less time dealing with Anonymous Proxies 36% b) No change - I m spending about the same amount of time dealing with Anonymous Proxies c) Slightly worse - I'm spending slightly more time dealing wth Anonymous Proxies d) Significantly worse - I m spending much more time dealing with Anonymous Proxies 44% 15% 5% Students are able to bypass restricted sites and content via the proxy sites, and are also putting themselves at risk by sending logon information through these proxy sites. They create an avenue for malware to get into our network.

8 Q4. IN A TYPICAL WEEK, HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU OR YOUR IT TEAM SPEND DEALING WITH PROBLEMS RELATED TO ANONYMOUS PROXIES? a) Less than one hour each week 78% b) Between one and two hours each week 17% c) Between two and four hours each week 3% d) More than four hours a week 2% someone Efficient blocking of proxies helps to instil confidence in our safeguarding measures overall: failing to block them means less respect for the measures that are in place - and less respect leads to more attempts to circumvent the measures. No oversight and no way to detect if a proxy has been used unless it is inadvertently seen by else and reported.

9 Q5. TYPICALLY, HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO FIND OUT ABOUT A NEW ANONYMOUS PROXY SITE AND GET IT BLOCKED? a) A few hours 66% b) A day 12% c) A few days 15% d) A week or more 7% Time wasting for students, bullying using facebook, downloading inappropriate material....this is a never ending battle because like all of us, kids are very curious and have very little fear on the net.

10 Q6. DO YOUR NON-IT EXECUTIVES OR STAFF UNDERSTAND WHAT AN ANONYMOUS PROXY IS, AND THE PROBLEM OR RISK PROXIES CAN CREATE? a) No knowledge at all of what proxies are, or the risks 17% b) Very little understanding 42% c) Basic knowledge 22% d) They know what they are, but don t understand the risks 7% e) Completely understand what proxies are, and the risks 12% Most of the staff do not understand, they do not want to understand, they just want the computer to work....there is a need to educate parents, teachers and school staff, about the type of material children may be exposed to if proper protective measures are not in place.

11 Q7. WHAT ARE YOUR BIGGEST CONCERNS ABOUT STUDENTS ACCESSING ANONYMOUS PROXIES? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) a) Increased security risks for our networks 23% b) Confidential information being stolen 9% c) Students being distracted and lost productivity 19% d) Students accessing games or other content 19% e) Students accessing innapropriate content 31% If they are connecting to a proxy, then all of the above apply. My pain point is CIPA compliance and keeping the District Lawsuit free. be Students accessing proxies on their own computers at home, accessing websites that would otherwise restricted.

12 ABOUT BLOXX Bloxx provides Web and filtering solutions to thousands of organizations around the globe. We have an in-depth understanding of the unique challenges faced by educational establishments. Bloxx uses unique patented Tru-View Technology (TVT) to analyze and accurately categorize webpages being requested in real-time. With unsurpassed flexibility in deployment, Bloxx Web filtering lets you quickly and effectively roll out 1-to-1 learning programmes and easily manage BYOD Web traffic. Available as hardware and virtual appliances, Bloxx filtering easily scales to meet your current and future requirements and our dedicated web reporting appliances ensure you can store years of traffic logs. In addition, our unique approach to licensing lets you decide the most cost-effective approach for your deployment which means you don t end up paying for expensive licenses you don t actually need. To find out more about Bloxx content filtering and security, info@bloxx.com, visit or chat to us on Twitter or Linkedin. t e. info@bloxx.com w. Copyright 2015 Bloxx Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced by any means nor translated to any electronic medium without the written consent of Bloxx. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

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