Safe and Climate Resilient Cities Lessons learnt (hopefully) from recent works. Federica Ranghieri The World Bank

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1 Safe and Climate Resilient Cities Lessons learnt (hopefully) from recent works Federica Ranghieri The World Bank 2010

2 DRM at the World Bank Since 1980, the World Bank has approved more than 500 operations related to disaster management, amounting to more than US$40 billion. These include postdisaster reconstruction projects, as well as projects with components aimed at preventing and mitigating disaster impacts.

3 DRM at the World Bank For reconstruction projects, much of the Bank investment focuses on the reconstruction itself of physical infrastructure and damaged structures. Rebuilding in urban areas often focuses upon health facilities, such as hospitals, schools and housing. Economic recovery also features as a key component in some reconstruction projects, where it usually involved financing urgently needed imports. Common areas of focus for prevention and mitigation projects include prevention measures, such as early warning measures and education campaigns; and flood prevention mechanisms, ranging from shore protection and terracing in rural areas to adaptation of production; more recently vulnerability and risk assessments and sound urban planning.

4 DRM at the World Bank The World Bank has been involved in several TA projects, DRM strategy definition, mainstreaming DRM into operations, clients capacity building and Training and PDNA development in the past ten years.

5 DRM at the World Bank Technical Assistance on vulnerability and risk assessment, climate change adaptation and DRM, housing and infrastructure, local resilience action planning, etc; A PDNA is intended to be a government led exercise that provides a platform for the international community to assist the effected government in recovery and reconstruction.

6 DRM at the World Bank PDNA provides an analysis of the disaster risk reduction framework of the country, Assesses Damages as the replacement value of totally or partially destroyed physical assets; Losses in the flows of the economy that arise from the temporary absence of the damaged assets; The resultant impact on post-disaster macroeconomic performance, with special reference to economic growth/gdp, the balance of payments and fiscal situation of the Government; coordinated basis for recovery and reconstruction planning, incorporate risk reduction measures and financing plan.

7 Hazard Risk Management Team The Hazard Risk Management team takes action by providing technical support to World Bank operations, promoting capacity-building, and establishing partnerships with the international and scientific community working on disaster issues. The specific objectives of the Hazard Risk Management team are: to improve the management of disaster risk in member countries and reduce vulnerability in the World Bank portfolio; to promote sustainable projects and initiatives that incorporate effective prevention and mitigation measures; to promote the inclusion of risk analysis in World Bank operations, analysis and country assistance strategies; to promote training in the areas of disaster prevention, mitigation and response; and to identify policy, institutional and physical interventions aimed at reducing catastrophic losses from natural disasters through structural and non-structural measures, community involvement and partnerships with the private sector.

8 DRM and CC into business as usual Good practice examples of Country Assistance Strategies and Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers that have incorporated disaster management strategies into development programs. These documents identify priorities for various development issues to be addressed by national governments and donors. Therefore it is important that disaster management be recognized as a development issue within these documents so that it is fully integrated into development planning. Good practice examples include: Successful disaster prevention in LAC:The Argentina Flood Rehabilitation Project and The Rio Flood Reconstruction Prevention Project Scrap Tires Saving Homes in Turkey Hemispheric Plan of Action for the Reduction of the Vulnerability in the Education Sector Coastal environmental preservation - mangrove planting: Vietnam Red Cross Focus on response preparedness: Bangladesh Red Crescent Society Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at the Local Level Case Study: Housing Reconstruction in Mexico Community Participation in Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Lessons Learned from the Maharashtra Emergency Earthquake Rehabilitation Program Other examples may be found on the UN/ISDR good practice website.

9 Recent Publications Recent Key publications IEG Report - Hazards of Nature, Risks to Development: An IEG Evaluation of World Bank Assistance for Natural Disasters New Policy Note - Not If, But When: Adapting to Natural Hazards in the Pacific Islands Region Aceh and Nias One Year After the Tsunami - The Recovery Effort and Way Forward Tsunami Thailand, One Year Later, National Response and the Contribution of International Partners The Tsunami in Sri Lanka One Year Report The Maldives One Year after the Tsunami The core data sets of the publication Natural Disaster Hotspots A Global Risk Analysis, which represents a joint effort between Columbia University and the World Bank under the umbrella of the ProVention Consortium, are available for free downloading at

10 Capacity building - Training on DRM The programs help national and local Governments mainstreaming risk management and adopting proactive disaster management approaches by raising awareness and expanding technical knowledge among local authorities. Through this program, WB offers learning products and e- courses in key subjects, provide technical assistance to regional training partners, and create platforms for increased South-South dialogue. To expand the impact of the program, the learning events target a broad range of stakeholders to institutionalize best practices. These partnerships and professional networks can sustain capacity development efforts in the long term.

11 Capacity building on DRM More than 150 disaster training events with development partners, comprehensive learning programs to strengthen institutional capacity and promote proactive risk management practices in disaster-prone countries. Comprehensive on-line capacity building program currently with courses and certification programs including: Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Financial Strategies for Managing the Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters Safe Cities Community Based Disaster Risk Management Damage and Reconstruction Needs Assessment Earthquake Risk Reduction The Program delivers country and regional based courses through partner institutions. The DRM program is widely recognized as the nodal point for capacity building on DRM in the World Bank.

12 Some active projects CAPRA and other probabilistic risk assessment Insurance and Financial instruments GET team on DRM and Climate Change MoU with several research institutions and space agencies (e.g. ESA, NASA, Northrup Grumann), corporations (e.g. Google, Microsoft, Cisco, etc.) and academia; Water, rural areas and DRM: TA towards projects AFR, EAP, SA, MENA Vulnerability and DRM assessment programs in cities, e.g. Amman, Bangkok, Casablanca, HCMC, Tunis, etc. Local Resilience Action Planning, e.g. Cantho, Dong Hoi, Hanoi, Ningbo, Yogyakarta, etc. CC, DRM and the Urban poor, e.g. Dar es Salaam, Jakarta, Mexico City, Sao Paulo.

13 Safe and Climate Resilient Cities Many Cities in developing countries are hot spots; Population and assets in developing countries cities may be highly affected by natural disaster and climatic variability (vs. Other areas in the countries); Climate change and DRM require concerted actions by National government, Local government, their partners and stakeholders Tools, instruments and policies are available at local level, are generally faster to be defined and implemented; Investments, funds and financial instruments are available and customization is possible.

14 The Mayors Task Force At the Mayors Summit in Copenhagen (December 16), the Mayors Task Force on Urban Poverty and Climate Change was formed. The main elements of the Task Force s proposed work program: i) take stock of our understanding of the linkages between urban poverty, DRM and climate change; ii) identify good practice examples where shelter and services for the urban poor have been improved and have resulted in reducing the vulnerability to climate change and carbon emissions have been reduced; and iii) propose policy and iii) investment programs and municipal management improvements that benefit the urban poor and scale-up good practices. Case studies: Dar es Salaam, Jakarta, Mexico City and Sao Paulo.

15 The Mayors Task Force

16 Climate Resilient Cities The CRC Program seeks to build the capacity of Municipalities to 1. prepare for and to reduce vulnerabilities to current natural hazards and the anticipated impacts of climate change, 2. develop a Local Resilience Action Plan that should lead to the development of further pipeline operations, and 3. mainstream the outcomes of the study into existing local and/or national planning processes, such as the 12 th five-year plan in China, city Master Plan in Vietnam, etc..

17 Climate Resilient Cities The CRC Program seeks to build the capacity of Municipalities to 1. prepare for and to reduce vulnerabilities to current natural hazards and the anticipated impacts of climate change, 2. develop a Local Resilience Action Plan that should lead to the development of further pipeline operations, and 3. mainstream the outcomes of the study into existing local and/or national planning processes, such as the 12 th five-year plan in China, city Master Plans in Vietnam, etc..

18 What is the CRC program? 18

19 Local Resilience Action Planning This set of information, graphic representations and priority definitions form the basis for the Local Resilience Action Plan which identifies specific priority needs for short, medium, and long-term project investment and adaptation activities, with specific costs, timelines, and responsible actors. The Local Resilience Action Plans is a roadmap to make a city resilient to climate change and disaster risks 19

20 Contact Federica Ranghieri World Bank Group World Bank Institute 1818 H Street, NW Washington DC franghieri@worldbank.org