TRAINING GROUP EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PLANNED DELIVERABLES, TIMELINE AND OPEN ISSUES ICATEE, LONDON, JUNE

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1 TRAINING GROUP EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PLANNED DELIVERABLES, TIMELINE AND OPEN ISSUES ICATEE, LONDON, JUNE PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT: This document is to supplement and assist ICATEE members in preparing for the June London ICATEE meeting. It will clarify the purpose of the training matrix (attached); define the planned deliverables and proposed timeline as well as to clarify the agenda to assist ICATEE members in their preparation for the meeting. ICATEE MISSION STATEMENT: To deliver a complete and comprehensive long-term strategy to eliminate or reduce the rate of Loss of Control In-Flight accidents and incidents through enhanced Upset Recovery Training (URT). METHODOLGY: The ICATEE was formed into two main working groups; the Training/Regulatory Group and the Technical/Research Group. The working efforts of the Training/Regulatory Group focused on constructing a complete training needs analysis vehicle which evolved into the training matrix. The training matrix is the foundation for the planned deliverables to industry for ICATEE. The matrix will identify the majority of known hazards associated with LOC/URT in the format of awareness/avoidance/recognition/recovery. Levels of learning (knowledge, skill and attitudes) will be listed and priorities assigned taking into account the known inventory of existing and training tools/platforms as well as training methodologies. In effect, the matrix serves as a compendium of all the validated and effective URT training platforms, tools and training methodologies currently in use. From this construct, the matrix provides a resource that can provide a complete and comprehensive solution for providing enhanced URT to industry. To be clear, the matrix served as a resource for determining the specific hazards associated with various upset events, as well as the existing platforms/tools/methodologies that provided workable solutions to these upset hazards. The matrix was not designed to be used as a resource for industry, but to allow the Training Group to build a workable foundation from which to construct a complete and comprehensive URT strategy for industry.

2 IMPLEMENTATION: A GRADUATED STRATEGY Prior to discussing the specific planned deliverables for ICATEE, it is imperative to address the implementation strategy. The ICATEE mission is to deliver a complete and comprehensive solution to eliminating or reducing the rate of Loss of Control In-Flight accidents and incidents. In the process of meeting this challenge, it has become apparent that a truly long term and comprehensive solution to industry would involve significant changes to how URT is delivered to pilots, not just in the airline training environment, but in the very primacy of a professional airline pilot career track (PPL through CPL through ATPL, etc.). Ongoing research and accumulated data indicates that the current deficit in both the knowledge and skills required for airline pilots to avoid, recognize and recover from actual upset events is significant. This deficit also contributes significantly to a lack of awareness by airline pilots to the hazards associated with in-flight upsets. The awareness element is the most significant mitigation tool that the majority of airline pilots will use to avoid the hazards associated with upsets and loss of control. In addition, the preliminary work of the ICATEE has indicated that there is also a marked deficit in the academic knowledge and skill level of the instructors currently utilized in providing URT training to pilots. This lack of knowledge extends to the institutional level of airline training departments and other training providers and can result in the misuse of current URT assets including Full Flight Simulators. In short, there has been the wide-spread effect of negative training concerning URT. It is critical for the ICATEE to realize that the planned deliverables of this group must be clearly supported by practical research and data, and must be implemented in a fashion that minimizes the risks of non-standardized and/or inferior implementation strategies. On the positive end, ICATEE work to date has identified the many valuable and effective URT platforms and tools which can and do provide positive mitigation strategies. The appropriate use of FFS, within their accurate (and improved) aerodynamic model, combined with a properly trained instructor accomplishing effective upset recovery scenarios can be an effective URT training strategy. Renewed emphasis on aerodynamic academics and the appropriate use of primary and secondary flight controls for pilots is a necessary training component and certainly within the current delivery capability of airlines and training providers. The production of a very valuable and accurate training resource, the Airplane Upset Recovery Training Aid (AURTA), has been a terrific resource for those pilot training entities which have utilized it. In short, due to the complexities of implementing a comprehensive URT solution to industry which may involve mandated enhancements to approved training programs as well as

3 enhancements to pilot license and certificate requirements, the ICATEE believes a graduated approach to implementation will allow the greatest opportunity for seamless delivery to industry, acceptance of this approach by users and lower risks in assuring standardized and high quality training enhancements. In conjunction with the graduated strategy, the ICATEE endorses first implementing changes in URT by maximizing the use of existing training infrastructure and to focus on the high risk, high reward, and lower cost targets first. While the graduated strategy has not been determined as yet, it could be implemented in the following manner (for demonstration purposes only!): Phase One: - Delivery of updated Upset Recovery Training guide (ICATEE) to airlines and training providers to serve as a validated training resource to include: - Mandated URT as a required component of initial and recurrent airline training - First mandated phase should address approach to stall training in concert with the FAA stall group short term implementation plan - Mandated training to not exceed a modest amount of time in recurrent training to ensure effective transition and quality of training - Appropriate use of FFS within their existing aero model - Increased emphasis on aerodynamic academics for pilots - Continuing work on enhancing the accuracy of FFS aero models for URT - Development of initial URT instructor qualifications/standards Phase Two: - Delivery of a URT instructor development and training guide (ICATEE) to airlines and training providers - Fully developed and mandated URT initial and recurrent training plan to address avoidance, recognition and recovery with an emphasis on avoidance beyond just approach to stall - Use of appropriate and specific upset scenarios in FFS (high and low) - Implement improved aero models in FFS to ensure accurate representation of upset training events - Build upon more aerodynamic academics for airline pilots via distributed materials and coordinated with assigned classroom training and briefing interaction with FFS instructors. - Use of line safety data to tailor the URT training to the specific hazards for the airline and/or specific equipment flown - Continuing development of URT instructor qualifications and standards

4 Phase Three: - Delivery of ICATEE recommendations that mandate enhanced URT training as a component of the appropriate license or certification (for example, mandated onaircraft training as a requirement for a CPL or ATP certificate for the purposes of air carrier operations). Such mandated on-aircraft training will apply only to new entrants to the airline inventory to leverage the law of primacy. It may be simply too difficult to require on-aircraft training for the huge numbers of existing airline pilots even if data indicates a deficit. - Data driven approach to delivering enhanced URT training as a function of airline initial and recurrent training. Non-prescriptive in nature, but allowing data to determine the appropriate intervals for URT recurrent training - Tuning of FFS requirements in their capability to support and provide for enhanced URT training scenarios TRAINING GROUP DELIVERABLES: 1. The Enhanced Upset Recovery Training Manual. End users to be airline training centers and other industry training providers. The matrix will identify the majority of hazards associated with LOC/URT in the format of awareness/avoidance/recognition/recovery. Levels of learning (knowledge, skill and attitudes) will be listed and priorities assigned taking into account the known inventory of existing and training tools/platforms as well as training methodologies. This deliverable can be called The Enhanced Upset Recovery Training Manual. The matrix will form the foundation of this target deliverable that will provide industry a working road-map of how to initiate targeted initiatives in enhancing URT. In addition, a clear explanation of the goal of each training module or element should relate directly to a real operational concern, hazard or potential outcome. The manual should be written and conceived with the idea of relating the real operational risk as clearly as possible to the ultimate end user, the pilot and training organization.

5 The elements of this document contain the following: - A readable document - Working Glossary - Indexed and Organized into specific useable content - Definitions of the majority of identified URT Hazards (including low/high altitude and emphasis on specific aircraft types; i.e. swept wing jet, turbo-prop., etc.). - Organized according to the breakout objectives of Awareness/Avoidance/Recognition/Recovery (A/A/R/R) - Prioritized by risk assessment according to each hazard - Encompassing an evaluation tool that identifies each URT tool which can provide some level of training capability in meeting the specific training objective according to the A/A/R/R approach. - Identification of the required academic knowledge and content required to master the training needs analysis according to A/A/R/R. - Identification on how to avoid negative training in the use of each listed tool/platform. - Identification on how to maximize use of each selected tool/platform - Specific examples of academic content - Specific examples of FFS scenarios for appropriate and prioritized URT hazards Completion Date targeted for 7/31/ URT Instructor Training Manual. End users to be airline training centers and other industry training providers including the potential for training centers that provide license or certificate training for URT instructors. A stand alone, readable document which contains all the relevant content in preparing and assuring that the delivery of URT academic content, training utilizing ground-based devices and in-flight training is delivered with accuracy and standardization by a qualified instructor corps. This is an essential product of the ICATEE and possibly will have the greatest impact in assuring the quality and accuracy of URT training strategies. Without an accurate and knowledgeable cadre of URT Instructor pilots, in-accurate understanding on the risks and recovery strategies for URT could be disseminated. As

6 work and research is completed in this arena, the qualifications and training for these URT instructors may be differentiated by whether they will provide on-aircraft training (the highest level and qualification for URT training) and a different standard for those who will be qualified to conduct URT training with qualified training devices (FFS, FSTD), or strictly academic training. This can be considered a companion guidance document to supplement The Enhanced Upset Recovery Training Manual. Completion Date targeted for 7/31/ Recommendations for Regulatory Enhancements. End target to be regulatory authorities, primarily ICAO (and thereby member states) and the FAA. A document which captures the regulatory enhancements the ICATEE identifies that should be addressed by regulatory change. This document will address two possible major avenues of regulatory change; 1. Approved training program content. 2. License and/or Certificate change. Approved training program content will address the need to enhance and require specific URT content in an airline or training providers training curricula (as identified by ICATEE). Examples of training program content to be required would be initial and recurrent training in aerodynamic stalls and approach to stalls (utilizing appropriate devices in the appropriate manner with trained instructors), training in the use of all low-speed, high AOA cueing and warning devices, basic aerodynamic academic content relevant to URT, training in URT hazards specific to the operating aircraft type and operating environment. Such curricula requirements may also address not just the appropriate use of URT devices and platforms, but on the training methodologies employed. Training content identified in this document should be entirely validated and data driven. Care should be taken not to tax industry with additional requirements unless they specifically address a known deficit in training or operational capability and are based on solutions that are accurate and effective. As the ICATEE endeavors to provide a complete and comprehensive solution to URT, and as the existing training deficit in industry is likely widespread and significant, a graduated strategy for implementing mandated enhancements to approved training content would be the more effective approach for standardized and effective implementation.

7 License and/or Certificate change identifies the need to codify baseline URT A/A/R/R knowledge/skills/attitudes into the appropriate license or certificate level in a professional airline pilot track. One of the issues we have been addressing in the ICATEE is the current deficit in URT knowledge and skills in existing airline pilots. It is reasonable to consider that the possession of an Airline Transport Pilot certificate (or even a commercial pilot certificate with instrument and multi-engine ratings) and employment in an Air Carrier operation would codify that a professional pilot had demonstrated proficiency in URT knowledge and skill sets. If this is not the case, is the acquisition of this initial knowledge and skill the responsibility of the Air Carrier, or the certificating agency? One could argue that for efficiencies sake, the law of primacy supports initial training in URT to rightfully reside in earlier training in a professional pilot track. An important ICATEE deliverable is to identify an efficient and effective manner to capture the required baseline knowledge and skills in URT at the appropriate level of pilot certification and to make these recommendations (in a data driven, validated approach) to regulators. Completion date targeted for 11/30/2011 TRAINING GROUP BREAKOUT AGENDA DISCUSSION ITEMS: 1. Defining the graduated strategy for implementation of comprehensive URT. The need to devise a timeline and plan for implementation of the ICATEE graduated strategy 2. Startle Factor versus Surprise element Demarcation and definition of the startle factor and surprise in ground-based training devices versus on-aircraft training. We need to clearly articulate the difference between startle factor versus a surprise event. One implies a powerful psychological/cognitive stressor that a pilot may experience in an actual upset event. There is some controversy on whether this physical/psychological/cognitive stressor can be mitigated through the use of ground based training devices, or can only be mitigated and trained by actual

8 exposure to the real environment through some form of on-aircraft training. The surprise definition refers to introducing an un-expected to a training scenario to capture a more realistic expression of actual line flying (often referred to as LOFT/LOE, Line Oriented Flight Training, Line Oriented Evaluation). 3. Transfer of Training issue for on-aircraft training The need to document or validate the viability of on-aircraft training as a component of a comprehensive URT strategy. Are there any other options to truly address startle factor other than the realism afforded in on-aircraft training? 4. Coordination with Technical group on defining training needs for use of existing FFS models/capabilities 5. Required training intervals for URT 6. Transition from maneuvers-based URT training to LOFT/SPOT type URT training 7. Potential use of modeled upset event scenarios in FFS (i.e. use of the windshear training strategy) 8. Review of long-term hardware enhancements as part of URT strategy (AOA indicators, load meters, upset warning systems, etc.)