Hybrid Interface Solutions for next Generation Wireless Access Infrastructure

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1 tec. Connectivity & Networks Voker Sorhage Hybrid Interface Soutions for next Generation Wireess Access Infrastructure Broadband wireess communication wi revoutionize every aspect of peope s ives by enabing a highspeed connection directy to the information peope need, whenever and wherever they need it. New wireess technoogies, such as WiMAX (Wordwide Interoperabiity for Microwave Access), are aowing service providers to deveop new business segments and to reach new business and private customers in industria and emerging countries. With its speciaized connectivity soutions, harting is meeting the eectrica and environmenta demands of gobay operating service providers and making an important contribution towards impementing the necessary outdoor infrastructure. 42 HARTING tec.news 14 (2006)

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3 There s no doubt the word is going wireess with a higher speed and wider range than anyone coud previousy have imagined. The transition to wireess reay started with the Internet revoution. What began as a mechanism for exchanging eectronic data has meanwhie sparked wordwide demand for 24/7 data and communication soutions. The advent of Wi-Fi technoogy and hotspots is just the start. By offering mobie Internet access, hotspots provide users with a connection within a imited area around an access point. Athough hotspots extend the previous reach of the Internet, they sti tether users to a fixed ocation. Meanwhie, many users want mobie access. It s this demand that wi continue to fue convergence and transform the communications industry. To that end, the teecom industries are deveoping new communication standards that wi expand and extend the reach of wireess networks across the gobe. In anticipation of these new wireess technoogies, carriers have even sowed expansion of the fiber networks. And engineers are increasingy focusing on deveoping products and services that wi enabe broadband wireess communication on a wide scae. BROADBAND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES Today, wireess high-speed communication comprises a number of co-existing, overapping technoogies. Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 3G and Utra-Wideband (UWB) are used to form the goba wireess infrastructure needed to deiver highspeed communication and goba Internet access. Whie Wi-Fi is idea for isoated areas of connectivity, WiMAX and 3G are needed for ong distance wireess appications. WiMAX and 3G are both required because their optimum patforms differ: WiMAX works best for computer patforms, such as aptops, whie 3G is best for mobie devices, such as PDAs and ce phones. In contrast, UWB offers short range connectivity, which is used for the home entertainment environment or wireess USB. Accordingy, each technoogy is optimized for its particuar appication. WIMAX WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY FOR THE LAST MILE WiMAX is a technoogy for wireess broadband transmission, based on the IEEE specification. Today, if you want broadband, you connect via existing cabes, using T1, DSL or cabe modems. WiMAX, an evoving standard for point-to-mutipoint wireess networking, works for the ast mie in the same way that Wi-Fi hotspots work for a network s ast hundred feet or so within a buiding. In addition to ast mie broadband connections, WiMAX offers diverse appications, such as in hotspots, ceuar backhau and high speed enterprise connectivity. Generay speaking, WiMAX has a range of up to 50 km. WiMAX is being roed out in three phases. In the first one, WiMAX technoogy (according to IEEE ) is depoyed using outdoor antennas to serve known sub- USAGE TECHNOLOGY THROUGHPUT STANDARD RANGE WPAN UWB Mbps IEEE a Up to 10 m WLAN WiFi Up to 54 Mbps IEEE g Up to 100 m WMAN WiMAX Up to 75 Mbps IEEE Typ km WWAN UMTS/WCDMA Up to 2 Mbps 3G Typ km Overview of Broadband Wireess Technoogies 44 HARTING tec.news 14 (2006)

4 scribers at a fixed ocation. In the second step indoor antennas are aso incuded, in order to enabe carriers to simpify instaation at user sites. Phase three, panned for 2006, is based on the IEEE e specification. Mobie network hardware certified by the WiMAX forum wi then be avaiabe, enabing users to roam freey within the service area whie staying connected. NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS The new abiity to provide these broadband connections wireessy, without aying wire or cabe in the ground, greaty owers instaation and operating costs for providing these services. Consequenty, WiMAX may change the economics for any pace where the cost of aying or upgrading andines with broadband capacity is prohibitivey expensive, as in emerging countries. In countries such as China, India and Mexico, where there is currenty an insufficient wired infrastructure, WiMAX coud become an important part of the broadband backbone. A typica point-to-mutipoint broadband wireess access system is usuay composed of two key eements: the base station and the end user subscriber equipment. The base station, typicay reaized as a 19 indoor unit, represents the actua connection to the base network. It uses outdoor antennas to send and receive high-speed data to and from the end user, and communicates with the backward network infrastructure via wireess ineof-sight radio inks. This eiminates the need for extensive and expensive wired infrastructures and provides a Large Office Medium Office Sma Office Home Office Point to Mutipoint Point to Point Service Provider HARTING soutions for wireess network infrastructure 45

5 highy fexibe and cost-effective ast-mie soution. The receiver is usuay directy integrated into the device on the end user side, such as a aptop. Another key factor for the wireess network infrastructure setup is the network topoogy and the instaation points for the base stations and devices. Today s wireess networks are typicay designed as a micro ce or pico ce structure in metropoitan areas, with mutipe base stations and outdoor antennas covering an area of from just a few hundred yards to a few mies. Instead of instaing compete centraized BTS and BSC technoogy in huge 19 rack systems in a dedicated, air-conditioned room, the future design of the network infrastructure wi see the equipment increasingy decentraized and spit up into a sma, compact indoor unit and an active, inteigent outdoor unit. The outdoor unit with the radio receiver is packed in a robust and water-protected case, and instaed in the immediate vicinity of the antenna. Typicay the indoor unit suppies the outdoor unit with wire-based data and power. The data interface is often based on industria standards, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet based on copper or LC fiber optic. Based on these standard interfaces, cabe engths up to 100 m in copper and 2,000 m in fiber optic can be impemented, aowing the network operator to insta its wireess broadband infrastructure equipment quicky and fexiby. HYBRID SOLUTIONS FOR TELECOM With the increased instaation of the decentraized network infrastructure, instaation time, reiabiity and ongevity under the widest range of environmenta infuences wi become an important success factor for system providers and network operators. harting is heping customers with soutions for the best connections wordwide wherever the network operator instas its systems. The Technoogy Group offers an end-to-end interface architecture that faciitates simpe and secure instaation. A compete famiy of connectors has been deveoped especiay for this type of appication in a harsh outdoor environment. This famiy is based on the standard RJ45 connector in copper and the LC fibergass connector, so that interface soutions for the future decentraized devices in the teecom infrastructure are aready being offered today. Requirements for outdoor teecom connectivity soutions: Based on industria standards and interfaces such as RJ45 or LC Water and dust protected in IP67 and IP65 Protected against UV sunight Hybrid cabing structures with integrated data and power Shieded for EMC protection Corrosion-resistant materias Easy instaation with cabe ength up to 100 m for copper and 2 km for fiber optic Connection soutions are avaiabe for IP20 and IP65/67 protection degrees, and in meta and pastic housings. Data or hybrid cabes can be used. At the device end, pane feedthroughs and coupings are avaiabe for integration. Consistent appication of SMD components for both data and power at the device end keeps manufacturing costs ow and permits high packing density within the assemby. harting is aso making use of their HARAX rapid termination technoogy, which aows the user to add a connector to the cabe without any specia toos. The design of the Ethernet connectors aows for quick and easy ter- 46 HARTING tec.news 14 (2006)

6 mination and connection to Ethernet devices in either data-ony or hybrid networks. HYBRID INTERFACES BASED ON INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS The RJhybrid connector is an interface soution that integrates the data ines and power suppy into one connector for hybrid Ethernet networks. The connector geometry nevertheess maintains a cear separation between the data and power contacts. Such hybrid cabing for teecommunication appications significanty simpifies instaation, resuting in ower costs for the overa system. Ethernet Hybrid interfaces for teecom appications are avaiabe in three versions: Hybrid Ethernet Interface Easy Insta EASY INSTALL RJ45 The Easy Insta version of the hybrid interface is based on a RJ45 data modue integrated into a newy designed Han 3A housing that can be used for most outdoor appications. The housing is avaiabe in pastic in protection degrees IP65 and 67. With HARAX IDC technoogy, the user can connect soid and fexibe data wires in AWG 22 without the need for specia toos. The four power contacts of the hybrid modue have aso been designed with HARAX rapid termination technoogy, aowing stranded cabes of up to 1.5 mm 2 to be connected and oaded with up to 16 A and 48 V. GIGALINK RJ45 The Gigaink RJ45 exceeds the tough requirements of Category 6 according to TIA/EIA 568 B.2-1: , EN :2002 and ISO/IEC 11801: The Category 6 RJ45 data modue is integrated into the standard Han 3A housing, which can be used for a wide range of harsh outdoor appications. The housing is avaiabe in pastic and meta (protection degree IP65/67). The two contacts of the hybrid power modue are based on standard Han D contacts, aowing stranded cabes with a cross-section of up to 2.5 mm 2 to be connected and oaded with up to 12 A and 250 V AC. Aternativey, a power modue for 48 V DC is aso avaiabe. Terminated with the corresponding Category 5 hybrid cabes with AWG 22 dimensions for the data wires, a maximum cabing ength of 100 m can be achieved with up to six connector pairs. This interface fufis Cass D channe performance in accordance with ISO/IEC 11801; 2002, supporting 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet. The pane feedthrough is compatibe with standard RJ45 connectors, which means that standard patch cabes can be used for service and test purposes. Finger protection for the contacts on both the device and the pug side simpifies instaation by aowing the use of daisy-chain cabes with the same pug on both ends. The Gigaink RJ45 connector fuy compies with the DIN EN and DIN EN standards for safety and instaation requirements in information technoogy. In addition to the eectrica and mechanica requirements, 47

7 the hybrid Gigaink RJ45 connector can be impemented as a fuy shieded meta version for optimized EMC performance in areas exposed to ightning and antenna radiation. GIGALINK FIBER OPTIC The fiber optic version combines the power suppy and high speed data transmission. The IPprotected fiber optic version is the best choice wherever onger transmission distances, high data rates or EMC probems exceed the imits of a copper-based soution. The Gigaink fiber optic connector is based on the Gigaink RJ45 soution, with the soe change being the repacement of the data modue. Hybrid Ethernet Interface Gigaink RJ45 The integration of the standard LC fiber optic connector according to IEC opens new fieds of appication for fiber connections in harsh environments. The entire system is robust and protected against vibration, and fufis the requirements according to IP65/67. The mutimode optica fibers aow transmission distances up to two kiometers, with the power wires representing the imiting factor. For transmission at the typica teecom votage of 48 V and severa amps, 2.5 mm 2 copper wires usuay aow a range of severa hundred meters, for exampe. The Gigaink fiber optic connector aso fuy supports common teecom standards, such as DIN EN and DIN EN for information technoogy. Additiona accessories, such as dust caps and assembed cabes, compete the product range for fiber optic hybrid soutions. Hybrid Ethernet Interface Gigaink Fiber Optic SYSTEM CABLES Even with a wireess infrastructure, the cabing represents a key eement in a network. Mistakes during the seection and aying of 48 HARTING tec.news 14 (2006)

8 cabes may ead to serious errors during base station operation, ranging from data oss to temporary disturbances depending on weather conditions and even tota network faiure. Especiay in the outdoor environment, reiabe and fuy functiona cabes are a crucia eement when panning and impementing high-performance networks that ensure a high degree of avaiabiity. harting offers severa Ethernet cabes that have been speciay designed for use in a harsh outdoor environment. Data transfer in Categories 5 and 6 to ISO/IEC is supported by means of soid, stranded, or hybrid cabe. UV resistance, a high eve of mechanica stabiity and haogen-free materias are ony a few of the demands paced on the cabes. The combination of teecom cabes and the robust Hybrid Ethernet connectors resuts in ong-asting system cabes. The consistent appication of a moduar system for both connectors and system cabes aows coverage of a wide fied of appications. Customized system cabes with Ethernet connectors are aso avaiabe. CONCLUSION The word of teecommunication is changing to wireess broadband access. New technoogies for broadband and radio reay networks aow network operators, business customers and private customers to access data and network services whenever and wherever they want. These new technoogies are resuting in a wide range of decentraized network equipment for the infrastructure of the goba network operators, and this equipment is increasingy being instaed in a very wide range of outdoor environments and ocations. harting has deveoped a compete Hybrid Ethernet connectivity soution for these appications, based on standard data interfaces, such as RJ45 or LC. Connectors are avaiabe for easy fied instaation, Gigabit Ethernet and Fiber Optic LC, as are assembed system cabes and ines. Consequenty, network operators and device manufacturers can easiy and securey insta their equipment in a very wide range of environmenta conditions. Hybrid Ethernet Outdoor Cabe Voker Sorhage Senior Product Manager Ethernet & Bus Interface Connectors HARTING Eectronics GmbH & Co. KG voker.sorhage@harting.com 49