MEDIWAT. Sustainable management of environmental issues related to water stress in Mediterranean islands
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1 Sustainable management of environmental issues related to MEDIWAT Sustainable management of environmental issues related to water stress in Mediterranean islands University of Catania (UNICT) Department of Agri-food and Environmental Systems Management Web database 4 th Meeting Mallorca (Spain) 3 rd - 6 th October 2012 Contract n. 2G-MED Total Cost: Euro Duration: 01/06/ /05/2013 Hotel Ciutat Jardí - Mallorca
2 MediWat objective implementation start 02/01/2012 end 31/12/2012 web database advisory platform realize and maintain an inter-islands network of expertise and cooperation permanently support the local Authorities of Med islands when planning water resources management Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
3 Web database Web database will contain the identified solutions/tools for managing environmental problems related to water stress issues in the Med islands; in particular, the construction needs, functioning, performances and sector of application of each solution/tool will be reported in the database in relation with specific water problems encountered in Med islands and with the assessment of local reference frameworks. web database will be regularly updated when new solutions and/or further insular needs will show up;
4 Advisory platform implementation of a permanent (web-based) advisory platform, managed by the partnership, and aimed to support Med islands key actors when planning water resources management through continuously updated master plans and supporting their adoption by islands policies. It is a tool for continuous implementation and updating of local master plans and with an advisory function for the governments of the islands. It is permanent instrument of the network to monitor exigencies of territory (by key-actors forum) and to support the decision-making procedures of the Competent Authorities In the advisory platform will be possible receive feedbacks and technical questions/needs from local Authorities of Med islands and provide them advices and solutions.
5 Web database and Advisory platform content State of art of existing tools for managing water under quali-quantitative constraints State of art of current water resources status in Med islands assessment of the proposed solutions in large and small Med islands Pilot Projects solutions/tools for managing water problems in the Med islands Small Islands Large Islands WEB DATABASE Strategic master plans for water management Med islands Strategic master plans for water management Med islands ADVISORY PLATFORM (Feedbacks, Forum, Update)
6 Web database: old organization WEB DATABASE Small Islands Large Islands In which sector is your water problem? Which kind of water resources are you interested in? available technical solutions management agricultural conventional treatment civil Wastewater distribution Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
7 Web database: new organization WEB DATABASE X X Small Islands Large Islands People Equivalent (PE) will be add to all the technical sheets concerning technical solutions/water treatments Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
8 Web database: new organization Agricultural (irrigation) Industry Environmental water Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
9 Web database: new organization Agricultural (irrigation) definition definition Industry definition Non Environmental water definition Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
10 Web database: new organization Agricultural (irrigation) definition definition Industry definition definition Environmental water Non definition definition Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
11 Web database: new organization Available water sources Surface waters Ground water Non Rain water Tail water Reclaimed water Brackish Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
12 Web database: new organization Available water sources Surface waters Ground water Definition Definition Non Rain water Tail water Reclaimed water Brackish Definition Definition Definition Definition Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
13 Web database: new organization Available water sources management aspects Surface waters Additional Informations management aspects Ground water Additional Informations Non Reclaimed water Rain water Brackish Tail water management aspects Additional Informations management aspects Additional Informations management aspects Additional Informations management aspects Additional Informations
14 Example of web database structure: Agriculture Sector and Reclaimed Water
15 Agricultural (irrigation) Industry Environmental water Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
16 Agricultural (irrigation) Industry Environmental water Definition: In the Med Islands, water for irrigation is used for a number of purposes, including watering in: 1. Agriculture 2. Landscaping 3. parks 4. Private gardens and golf courses Landscaping Although the natural landscape of the Med Island corresponds to the rain available throughout the year, due to the need to offer green areas for tourism activities and people s demands, several types of irrigation are practiced with the main aim to sustain greener vegetation or create different environments than usual. parks The present urbanism is asking for green spots or great extensions in populated areas. There are several reasons for this implementation: people perceptions, temperature reduction, shadow in summertime Due to the implementation of vegetation in zones where water cannot reach soils in adequate amounts for plants to grow normally, complementary amounts of water are to be supplied. Among the plants: trees and fences in streets, small parks and playing fields, great urban parks Private gardens and golf courses There is a growing demand in the urbanized areas of the Med Islands for watering private gardens, especially those which employ grass. Although this type of vegetation does not correspond to the typical plant cover of the area, the tourism demands for hotel and private gardens, swimming pools surroundings and other areas a plant green color corresponding to northernmost countries. It is heavily counseled to encourage the implementation of vegetation more adapted to the climatic conditions; i.e. grass types more typical from the Mediterranean climate and whose demand for water resources is lower. Golf courses are one of the main economic drivers in several regions of the Mediterranean, contributing to enlarge the tourism season and attract quality visitors. Golf courses need important amounts of water (up to 2,500 m3/day) comparable in terms of quantity with the one of several crops. Nevertheless, the return in terms of economic benefit is greater.
17 Agricultural (irrigation) Non conventional Industry Environmental water Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
18 Agricultural (irrigation) Industry Non conventional Environmental water Definition: The non-conventional water resources are a complementary water supplies that can be used to alleviate water scarcity in regions where renewable water resources are extremely scarce
19 Agricultural (irrigation) Reclaimed water Non conventional Industry Environmental water Brackish Runoff Tail water Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
20 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Non conventional Additional Informations Industry Environmental water Brackish Runoff Tail water Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October 2012
21 Agricultural (irrigation) Reclaimed management aspects Wastewater quality and components Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Sewerage Transport WWTP Reclamation Distribution/storage Reuse applications
22 Agricultural (irrigation) Reclaimed management aspects Wastewater quality and components Sewerage Transport WWTP Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Levy G.J.; Fine P., Bar-Tal A. eds, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture. Use and impact on the soil environment and crops, (2011) -Chapter 1 (Sources and composition of sewage effluent: treatment systems and methods) Tchobanoglous G., Burton F.L., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment, Disposal and Reuse. 3rd edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (1991) -Chapter 2 (Wastewater flow rates) Tchobanoglous G.; Burton F.L.; Stensel H.D., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and Reuse. 4th edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (2003) -Chapter 2 (Constituents in wastewater) Reclamation Distribution/storage Reuse applications
23 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Industry Environmental water Non conventional Brackish Rain Tail water Additional Informations Wastewater quality and components Sewerage Transport WWTP Tchobanoglous G., Burton F.L., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment, Disposal and Reuse. 3rd edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (1991 -Chapter 2 (Wastewater flow rates) Mays L.W., Water Resources Handbook, MCGraw-Hill, Chapter 19 (Wastewater-Collection Systems) Reclamation Distribution/Storage Reuse applications
24 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Industry Environmental water Non conventional Brackish Rain Tail water Additional informations Wastewater quality and components Sewerage Transport Mays L.W., Water Resources Handbook, MCGraw-Hill, Chapter 19 (Wastewater-Collection Systems) WWTP Reclamation Distribution/storage Reuse applications
25 Agricultural (irrigation) Non conventional Industry Reclaimed Brackish Rain Tail water MediWat technical sheets Classical wastewater treatments management aspects Physical Chemical treatment for wastewater Granular Biomass based Biofilter Wastewater quality and components Environmental water Crites R.W., Middlebrooks E.J., Reed S.C., Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems, Taylor & Francis, Boca Ratón, FL, USA (2006) -Chapter 1 (Natural Treatment Systems) -Chapter 4 (Design of Wastewater Pond Systems) Sewerage -Chapter 6 (Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands) -Chapter 7 (Subsurface and Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands) -Chapter 8 (Land Treatment Systems) Transport -Chapter 10 (On-site Wastewater Systems) Gray N.F., Biology of Wastewater Treatment, 2nd edition, Imperial College Press, London, All book WWTP Mays L.W., Water Resources Handbook, MCGraw-Hill, Chapter 20 (Wastewater Treatment) Reclamation Tchobanoglous G.; Burton F.L.; Stensel H.D., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and Reuse. 4th edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (2003) Chapter 4 (Introduction to Process Analysis and Selection) Distribution/storage Chapter 5 (Physical Unit Operations) Chapter 6 (Chemical Unit Processes) Chapter 7 (Fundamentals of Biological Treatment) Reuse applications Chapter 8 (Suspended Growth Biological Treatment Processes) Chapter 9 (Attached Growth and Combined Biological Treatment Processes) Chapter 10 (Anaerobic Suspended and Attached Growth Biological Treatment Processes) Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October Chapter (Advanced Wastewater Treatment) Attilio Toscano - Alessia Marzo - UNICT Chapter 12 (Disinfection Processes)
26 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Wastewater quality and components Reclaimed Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water MediWat technical sheets Constructed Wetlands Subsurface Horizontal Flow (SSHF CW) Stabilization reservoirs Environmental water European Projects related to water management AVICENNE-AVI* Development of a technologically simple, low energy cost method of treating Sewerage wastewater for reuse in agriculture CORETECH - Development of cost-effective reclamation technologies for domestic wastewater and Transport the appropriate agricultural use of the treated effluent under (semi-) arid climate conditions Tchobanoglous G.; Burton F.L.; Stensel H.D., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and Reuse. WWTP 4th edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (2003) -Chapter 11. Advanced Wastewater Treatment -Chapter 12. Disinfection Processes Reclamation Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part III (Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse) Distribution/storage Mays L.W., Water Resources Handbook, MCGraw-Hill, Chapter 21 (Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse) Reuse applications Juanicó M. and Dor I., Reservoirs for wastewater storage and reuse. Ecology, performance and engineering design, Springer, 1999 Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 -October Reservoirs 2012 for wastewater storage and reuse. AttilioEcology, Toscano performance - Alessia Marzo and engineering - UNICT design
27 technical sheets Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 October
28 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Wastewater quality and components Reclaimed Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water MediWat technical sheets Constructed Wetlands Subsurface Horizontal Flow (SSHF CW) Stabilization reservoirs Environmental water European Projects related to water management AVICENNE-AVI* Development of a technologically simple, low energy cost method of treating Sewerage wastewater for reuse in agriculture CORETECH - Development of cost-effective reclamation technologies for domestic wastewater and Transport the appropriate agricultural use of the treated effluent under (semi-) arid climate conditions Tchobanoglous G.; Burton F.L.; Stensel H.D., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and Reuse. WWTP 4th edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (2003) -Chapter 11. Advanced Wastewater Treatment -Chapter 12. Disinfection Processes Reclamation Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part III (Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse) Distribution/storage Mays L.W., Water Resources Handbook, MCGraw-Hill, Chapter 21 (Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse) Reuse applications Juanicó M. and Dor I., Reservoirs for wastewater storage and reuse. Ecology, performance and engineering design, Springer, 1999 Mallorca (Spain)_ 3-6 -October Reservoirs 2012 for wastewater storage and reuse. AttilioEcology, Toscano performance - Alessia Marzo and engineering - UNICT design
29 PROJECT NAME/ACRONYM Programme/Contract number Web Partners Catalogue of exploitable European projects DEFINITION/ITEMS Development of a technologically simple, low energy cost method of treating wastewater for reuse in agriculture AVI* European Commission AVICENNE mple%2c+low+energy+cost+method+of+treating+wastewater+for+reuse+in+agriculture+&frm=1&stp=10&sic =&PGA=&CCY=&PCY=&SRC=&LNG=en&REF=29006 H R Wallingford Group Ltd UNITED KINGDOM Water Authority of Jordan JORDAN Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil PORTUGAL Centre de Recherches du Genie Rural TUNISIA UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE UNITED KINGDOM Period (MM /YYYY to MM/YYYY) 5/1995 to 04/1998 Main Objectives To establish the die off time temperature combinations for helminth eggs found in wastewater; To investigate the feasibility of trapping the free energy from the sun to produce the required critical timetemperature combinations in wastewater; To investigate the influence of other factors that, at above "normal" but below critical temperatures, in combination with enhanced temperature, may assist in producing the required bacterial die off in this range (40 50 C). Available selected papers and/or deliverables Summary The Project has established experimental ponds in Portugal and Tunisia; to determine the most appropriate and cost effective method at trapping the heat from the sun in order to kill faecal coliforms In Jordan, to determine the most appropriate method of isolating helminth eggs from wastewater without harming them. In the laboratory, to establish the critical die off time temperature combinations. To test the effectiveness of the treatment technique in Jordan, Tunisia and Portugal by : monitoring faecal coliform numbers and viable helminth eggs in the effluent from the trial ponds; investigating beneficial influence of other factors; monitoring long term viability of the helminth eggs in the soil by the application of treated wastewater to selected crops in trial beds and periodically taking soil samples. To identify any practical constraints to the use of the technique on a larger scale; Workshop for participating partners on "Pathogen assessment for wastewater reuse" with training on helminth identification and viability testing.
30 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Industry Environmental water Non conventional Brackish Rain Tail water Additional Informations Wastewater quality and components Sewerage Transport WWTP Reclamation Distribution/storage Reuse applications MediWat technical sheets distribution of reclaimed water Juanicó M. and Dor I., Reservoirs for wastewater storage and reuse. Ecology, performance and engineering design, Springer, Chapter 2 (Wastewater storage and reuse for irrigation in Israel) -Chapter 19 (Experiences outside Israel) -Part II (Case studies)
31 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail Water Environmental water Wastewater quality and components Sewerage Transport WWTP Reclamation Distribution/storage MediWat technical sheets Good reuse practices Theme parks irrigation (with wastewater) Deficit irrigation Golf courses irrigation with reclaimed water Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part I (Water reuse: an introduction) -Part IV (Water Reuse Applications) -Part V (Implementing Water Reuse) Tchobanoglous G.; Burton F.L.; Stensel H.D., Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and Reuse applications Reuse. 4th edition, Metcalf & Eddy, (2003) -Chapter 13 (Water Reuse).
32 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Rules and regulations Socio-economic aspects of reuse Environmental impacts of reuse Health aspects
33 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Additional Informations Rules and regulations Socio-economic aspects of reuse Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part II (Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse) Levy G.J.; Fine P., Bar-Tal A. eds, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture. Use and impact on the soil environment and crops, (2011) -Chapter 3 (Irrigation with reclaimed water: guidelines and regulations Environmental impacts of reuse Health aspects
34 Agricultural (irrigation) Reclaimed management aspects Additional Informations Rules and regulations Socio-economic aspects of reuse Environmental impacts of reuse Health aspects Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part IV (Implementing Water Reuse) Levy G.J.; Fine P., Bar-Tal A. eds, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture. Use and impact on the soil environment and crops, (2011) -Chapter 4 (Economic aspects of irrigation with reclaimed water) Winpenny, J.; Heinz, I; Koo-Oshima, S.; Salgot, M.; Collado, J.; Hernández, F.; Torricelli, R., The wealth of waste. The economics of wastewater use in agriculture, FAO WATER REPORTS 35. FAO, Rome MediWat technical sheets Public acceptance for reuse
35 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Additional Informations Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Rules and regulations Socio-economic aspects of reuse Environmental impacts of reuse Health aspects Levy G.J.; Fine P., Bar-Tal A. eds, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture. Use and impact on the soil environment and crops, (2011) -Part II. Impacts on the soil environment and crops Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part II (Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse)
36 Agricultural (irrigation) management aspects Reclaimed Additional Informations Rules and regulations Socio-economic aspects of reuse Environmental impacts of reuse Health aspects Non conventional Industry Brackish Rain Tail water Environmental water Asano,T.; Burton,F.L.; Leverenz,H.L.; Tsuchihashi,R.; Tchobanoglous,G, Water reuse. Issues, technologies, and applications, Metcalf & Eddy, AECOM, McGraw-Hill, Part II (Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse) Gray N.F., Biology of Wastewater Treatment, 2nd edition, Imperial College Press, London, Chapter 9 (Public Health) Juanicó M. and Dor I., Reservoirs for wastewater storage and reuse. Ecology, performance and engineering design, Springer, Chapter 3 (Health and Treatment Requirements for Wastewater Irrigation) -Levy G.J.; Fine P., Bar-Tal A. eds, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture. Use and impact on the soil environment and crops, (2011) - Chapter 2 (Health considerations in the recycling of water and use of treated wastewater in agriculture and other non-potable purposes) WHO (World Health Organisation) - WHO guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater. Geneva, Switzerland MediWat technical sheets Hazard / Risk Analysis
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