A Reflection-Type Vector Modulator with Balanced Loads
|
|
- Pamela Byrd
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 45 A Reflection-Type Vector Modulator with Balanced Loads Franco Di Paolo, Mauro Ferrari, Franco Giannini, Ernesto Limiti Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1, Roma - ITALY Abstract- In this contribution a new vector modulator topology is presented. The new VM allows the reduction of the resulting chip area occupation by using 7 couplers only, as contrasted to traditional reflection-type balanced vector modulators with 9 couplers, and exhibiting comparable performance. A W Band test vehicle adopting such new topology has been designed in monolithic form with 0.13 µm phemt technology, resulting in a die size 2.2 x 1.5 mm 2. The approach to the novel topology and relevant performances of the test vehicle are described in the following. Index Terms- Vector modulator, W band, microwave, MMIC. I. INTRODUCTION AND TRADITIONAL VECTOR MODULATION TOPOLOGIES A Vector Modulator (VM is a subsystem capable of simultaneously changing amplitude and phase of an input RF signal according to a suitable control. Its main applications are in telecommunication systems, where, in direct modulation schemes [1], the use of VM may lead to avoid up-converting chains (mixer, filters, etc... Other VM applications are in FMCW radars used in ACAS (Automotive Collision- Avoidance Systems, in phased-array antennas and in the feed-forward linearization technique, where VMs can be used instead of the attenuator - phase shifter cascade in the nulling loop, thus providing enhanced performances [2]. A large number of VM types have been presented, e.g. VMs simply cascading attenuators and phase shifters [3-4], VMs synthesizing the desired output by means of three [5] or four basic components [6], or the shifted-quadrant VM [7]. Most of these VMs are not suitable at very high frequencies (e.g. W band or their complexity lead to excessive size. For the latter reasons, the Reflection-Type VM has been selected as the VM exhibiting potentially optimum performances in W band. With reference to Fig. 1, a Reflection-Type VM is generally composed by two Biphase VMs (BVM connected via an hybrid junction splitting the input signal into in-phase and quadrature components, controlled according to S I and S Q signals respectively. s of the BVMs are then summed up by a suitable power combiner. Matched termination Fig.1. Biphase VM S I S Q Biphase VM Reflection-type vector modulator Traditional BVM, as reported in ], is based on balancing a simple reflection-type BVM, as schematically depicted in Fig. 2.
2 46 Biphase VM Γ 90 deg hybrid V G Γ( V G Fig.2. Simple reflection-type BVM Adopting ideal couplers, such connection should exhibit a scattering matrix given by: Fig.3. Simple load realized with a cold-fet and Г(V 80GHz 0 jγ( VG [ S] = jγ( VG 0 (1 where Г(V G is the reflection coefficient of the load, typically realized via two cold-mode FETs controlled by their gate voltage V G. To maintain the biphase transfer function defined by expressions (2, an ideal BVM should fulfill condition (3, i.e. symmetry with respect to its control voltage: S21( VG = k VG π π S21( VG = + sign( VG 2 2 (2 suitable for narrowband applications only; the second one is the balancing technique, actually adopted for broadband applications [10-16]. In the latter methodology, two simple BVMs, controlled by complementary voltages, are combined in a push-pull structure as depicted in Fig. 4: Balanced Biphase VM ( ( S V = S V V (3 21 G 21 G, G FET s parasitics, whose effects are especially evident at high frequencies, do not allow acceptable performance adopting such simple connection, given the lack of symmetry in the device behavior, as evidenced in Fig. 3 where a typical cold-fet reflection coefficient is plotted as a function of the gate control 80 GHz. To correct this problem two main strategies are possible: the first one, as reported in [9], is based on parasitics compensation, therefore being Fig.4. Γ( V G Γ ( V G Balanced reflection-type BVM where the total transfer coefficient of the balanced BVM is given by (4: 1 S ( V = S V S V 2 ( ( TOT 21 G 21 G 21 G (4
3 47 Such connection exhibits two main drawbacks: the first is the need of four couplers and the second is the difficult access to control terminals of the structure. Due to the former, the total number of couplers for the whole VM structure (composed by two BVM and the input coupler becomes nine, while for the latter, access to all control terminals is not possible if the use of underpasses or bridges are avoided, as highly recommended at very high frequencies. II. PROPOSED VM TOPOLOGY The idea underlying the proposed VM is based on the observation that the transmission coefficient S 21 and reflection coefficient Г of the simple BVM are identical with the exception of a 90 deg phase term (the j coefficient in (1. Instead of balancing the simple BVM (as in Fig. 4, the same result may be therefore attained by balancing the loads directly. This principle (Balanced Load is described by expression (5 and is represented by the connection in Fig. 5 (left, where the resulting reflection coefficient is plotted as a function of the gate control voltage (right. TOT 1 Γ ( V = Γ V Γ V 2 ( ( G G G (5 The resulting reflection-type BVM adopting balanced loads is therefore schematically depicted in Fig. 6, while its transfer function is given by (6: TOT 1 TOT S21 ( VG = j Γ ( VG (6 2 Γ TOT Fig.5. ( V G Fig.6. Γ( V G Balanced load and Г TOT (V G 80GHz Novel Balanced Biphase VM with balanced loads Γ( V G Γ ( V G Γ ( V G Reflection-type biphase vector modulator with balanced loads Expression (6 is fully equivalent to (4 and both verify condition (3: nevertheless, in the Balanced Load proposed approach only three couplers are needed and control signals can be easily accessed on a single side of the structure, thus easing the overall VM routing. III. TEST VEHICLE DESIGN To validate the proposed topology, a test vehicle has been designed in monolithic form making use of a 0.13 µm GaAs phemt technology from
4 48 OMMIC and selecting, as a load, a 2x15 µm device. The resulting chip, depicted in Fig. 7, occupies 2.2 x 1.5 = 3.3 mm 2 and has been designed to W Band (75 85 GHz. Fig.8. VM 80 GHz Fig.7. Test vehicle VM relative S 21 phase (covering the same range is plotted in Fig. 9 as a function of frequency. The design of the whole VM has been performed making a combined use of both circuit and 2D electromagnetic simulation tools, the latter both to validate passive models (tee junctions, steps, tapers, etc.. and to take into account potential asymmetries and EM interactions arising from coupling between different sections of the circuit. After a 2D EM simulation of the critical parts and passive elements, the final design has been therefore obtained after a subsequent cosimulation of the entire VM. As evidenced in Figure 6, the VM needs two complementary voltages (V G and -V G to control amplitude and phase of each BVM (clearly visible in the upper and lover portions of the circuit in Fig. 7. By varying such controls from V to 0.55 V, a possible symbol constellation exhibiting a 360 deg coverage has been obtained and reported in Fig. 8. With the application of a 0.55 V stepped control voltage, 9 states for the VM are scanned and the Fig.9. Relative phase of the VM S 21 by varying control voltages with 0.55 V steps. For the above 9 states of the VM, input and output return loss are presented in Fig. 10 and in
5 49 Fig.11, where better than 20 db input match and 15 db output match are demonstrated. The insertion loss of the VM, presented in Fig. 12 and in Fig. 13, is always better than 14 db. Fig.10. VM Return loss at port 1 Fig State S 21 magnitude by varying control voltages from V to 0.55 V Fig.11. VM Return loss at port 2 Fig Point VM Constellation by varying control voltages from V to GHz IV. CONCLUSIONS A novel VM topology has been presented, based on the Balanced Loads approach. Such new topology allows the reduction of the overall VM complexity by reducing the number of necessary couplers from nine to seven, as compared to traditional balanced VMs. A W Band test vehicle of the new topology has been designed in MMIC
6 50 form making a combined use of 2D EM and circuit simulators. The resulting chip, offering good performances as a VM, exhibits an input/output return loss better than 20/15 db respectively, and an insertion loss always better than 14 db all over the GHz design bandwidth. REFERENCES [1] S.Kumar, Directly modulated VSAT transmitter, Microwave Journal, pp , April [2] L.Silverman, C.Del Plato, Vector Modulator Enhances Feed-Forward Cancellation, Microwaves & RF, March [3] F.Ellinger, U.Lott, W.Bachtold, An antenna diversity MMIC vector modulator for HIPERLAN with low power consumption and calibration capability, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Volume 49, Issue 5, pp , May [4] D.K.A.Kpogla, C.Y.Ng, I.D.Robertson, Shiftedquadrant microwave vector modulator, Electronics Letters, Volume 39, Issue 14, pp , 10th July [5] D.S.McPherson,M.G.Stubbs,J.S.Wight and S.Lucyszyn, "A 28 GHz HBT vector modulator and its application to an LMCS feedforward power amplifier", 28th European Microwave Conference Proceedings, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp , October [6] G.B. Norris, D.C. Boire, G. St. Onge, C. Wutke, C. Barratt, W. Coughlin, J. Chickanosky, A fully monolithic 4 18 GHz digital vector modulator, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Volume 2, pp , [7] Yong Chae Jeong, Chul Dong Kim, A design of the noble vector modulator, Microwave Conference, 2000 Asia-Pacific, pp , 3-6 Dec [8] L.M.Devlin, B.J.Minnis, A versatile vector modulator design for MMIC, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, pp , [9] M.Chongcheawchamnan, S.Bunnjaweh, D.Kpogla, D.Lee, I.D.Robertson, Microwave I-Q vector modulator using a simple technique for compensation of FET parasitics, IEEE Trans. On MTT, Vol.50, N.6, pp , June [10] D.S.McPherson, Hwa-chang Seo, Young-lae Jing, S.Lucyszyn, 110 GHz Vector Modulator for Adaptive Software-Controlled Transmitters, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol.11, N.1, pp.16-18, Jan [11] Hong-Yeh Chang, Tian-Wei Huang, Huei Wang, Yu-Chi Wang, Pane-Chane Chao, Chung-Hsu Chen, Broad-Band HBT BPSK and IQ Modulator MMICs and Millimeter-Wave Vector Signal Characterization, IEEE Trans. on MTT, Vol.52, N.3, pp , March [12] A.E.Ashtiani, T.Gokdemir, A.Vilches, Z.Hu, I.D.Robertson, S.P.Marsh, Monolithic GaAs/InGaP HBT balanced vector modulators for millimeter-wave wireless systems, IEEE Radio Frequency IC Symposium, pp , [13] A.E.Ashtiani, T.Gokdemir, S.Nam, I.D.Robertson, Compact 38 GHz MMIC balanced vector modulators employing GaAs/lnGaP HBTs, IEE Electronics Letters, Vol.35, N.10, pp , 13th May [14] A.E.Ashtiani, S.Nam, A.d Espona, S.Lucyszyn, I.D.Robertson, Direct multilevel carrier modulation using millimeter-wave balanced vector modulators, IEEE Trans. on MTT, Vol.46, pp , December [15] S.Nam, A.E.Ashtiani, G.Passiopoulos, S.Lucyszyn, I.D.Robertson, A 60 GHz 256 QAM Balanced Vector Modulator for Short Range LOS Communication Applications, IEEE Radio Frequency IC Symposium, pp , 7-9 June [16] Z.Adler, B.Smilowitz, Octave-Band High Precision Balanced Modulator, IEEE MTT-S Microwave Symposium Digest, Vol.84, pp , May 1984.
RF Network Analyzer Basics
RF Network Analyzer Basics A tutorial, information and overview about the basics of the RF Network Analyzer. What is a Network Analyzer and how to use them, to include the Scalar Network Analyzer (SNA),
More informationBroadband Push-Pull Power Amplifier Design at Microwave Frequencies
Broadband Push-Pull Power Amplifier Design at Microwave Frequencies Robert Smith and Prof. Steve Cripps Centre for High Frequency Engineering, Cardiff University smithrm3@cardiff.ac.uk A broadband, high
More informationCase Study Competition 2013. Be an engineer of the future! Innovating cars using the latest instrumentation!
Case Study Competition 2013 Be an engineer of the future! Innovating cars using the latest instrumentation! The scenario You are engineers working on a project team that is tasked with the development
More informationAnalysis on the Balanced Class-E Power Amplifier for the Load Mismatch Condition
Analysis on the Class-E Power Amplifier for the Load Mismatch Condition Inoh Jung 1,1, Mincheol Seo 1, Jeongbae Jeon 1, Hyungchul Kim 1, Minwoo Cho 1, Hwiseob Lee 1 and Youngoo Yang 1 Sungkyunkwan University,
More informationCharacterization of Spatial Power Waveguide Amplifiers
Characterization of Spatial Power Waveguide Amplifiers Authored by: Matthew H. Commens Ansoft Corporation Ansoft 003 / Global Seminars: Delivering Performance Presentation # Outline What is a Spatial Waveguide
More informationExperiment 7: Familiarization with the Network Analyzer
Experiment 7: Familiarization with the Network Analyzer Measurements to characterize networks at high frequencies (RF and microwave frequencies) are usually done in terms of scattering parameters (S parameters).
More informationLTCC Short Range Radar Sensor for Automotive Applications at 24 GHz
LTCC Short Range Radar Sensor for Automotive Applications at 24 GHz P. Uhlig, C. Günner, S. Holzwarth, J. Kassner, R. Kulke, A. Lauer, M. Rittweger IMST GmbH, D-47475 Kamp-Lintfort, Germany, www.ltcc.de
More informationRF Power Amplifiers for Cellphones
RF Power Amplifiers for Cellphones C.E. Weitzel Motorola, Inc., Semiconductor Products Sector 2100 E. Elliot Rd., Tempe, AZ 85284 480-413-5906 agbp@email.sps.mot.com Keywords:, silicon, HBT, FET, CDMA,
More informationA New Concept of PTP Vector Network Analyzer
A New Concept of PTP Vector Network Analyzer Vadim Závodný, Karel Hoffmann and Zbynek Skvor Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Technická,
More informationMEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN VECTOR NETWORK ANALYZER
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN VECTOR NETWORK ANALYZER W. Li, J. Vandewege Department of Information Technology (INTEC) University of Gent, St.Pietersnieuwstaat 41, B-9000, Gent, Belgium Abstract: Precision
More informationCopyright 2005 IEEE. Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 2005
Copyright 25 IEEE Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 25 This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement
More informationAchieving New Levels of Channel Density in Downstream Cable Transmitter Systems: RF DACs Deliver Smaller Size and Lower Power Consumption
Achieving New Levels of Channel Density in Downstream Cable Transmitter Systems: RF DACs Deliver Smaller Size and Lower Power Consumption Introduction By: Analog Devices, Inc. (ADI) Daniel E. Fague, Applications
More informationA High Frequency Divider in 0.18 um SiGe BiCMOS Technology
A High Frequency Divider in 0.18 um SiGe BiCMOS Technology Noorfazila Kamal 1, Yingbo Zhu 1, Leonard T. Hall 1, Said F. Al-Sarawi 1, Craig Burnet 2, Ian Holland 2, Adnan Khan 2, Andre Pollok 2, Justin
More informationHigh-Frequency Integrated Circuits
High-Frequency Integrated Circuits SORIN VOINIGESCU University of Toronto CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS Preface, page xiii Introduction l 1.1 High-frequency circuits in wireless, fiber-optic, and
More informationUNDERSTANDING NOISE PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS (AN-60-040)
UNDERSTANDING NOISE PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS (AN-60-040 Overview This application note reviews noise theory & measurements and S-parameter measurements used to characterize transistors and amplifiers at
More informationCopyright 1996 IEEE. Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 1996
Copyright 1996 IEEE Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 1996 This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE
More informationUsing Simple Calibration Load Models to Improve Accuracy of Vector Network Analyzer Measurements
Using Simple Calibration Load Models to Improve Accuracy of Vector Network Analyzer Measurements Nick M. Ridler 1 and Nils Nazoa 2 1 National Physical Laboratory, UK (www.npl.co.uk) 2 LA Techniques Ltd,
More informationRAPID PROTOTYPING FOR RF-TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS
RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR -TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS Robert Langwieser email: robert.langwieser@nt.tuwien.ac.at Michael Fischer email: michael.fischer@nt.tuwien.ac.at Arpad L. Scholtz email: arpad.scholtz@tuwien.ac.at
More informationRF Measurements Using a Modular Digitizer
RF Measurements Using a Modular Digitizer Modern modular digitizers, like the Spectrum M4i series PCIe digitizers, offer greater bandwidth and higher resolution at any given bandwidth than ever before.
More informationComputer-Aided Design of RF and Microwave Mixers
Computer-Aided Design of RF and Microwave Mixers S. A. Maas Applied Wave Research, Inc. 1960 E. Grand Ave., Suite 530 El Segundo, California, 90245 USA smaas@mwoffice.com Abstract This paper describes
More informationMeasurement of Multi-Port S-Parameters using Four-Port Network Analyzer
JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, VOL.13, NO.6, DECEMBER, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/jsts.2013.13.6.589 Measurement of Multi-Port S-Parameters using Four-Port Network Analyzer Jongmin
More informationIEEE Proof Web Version
IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS 1 A Wideband Doherty-Like Architecture Using a Klopfenstein Taper for Load Modulation Eduard Bertran, Senior Member, IEEE, and Mehran Yahyavi Abstract A novel
More informationA 1 to 2 GHz, 50 Watt Push-Pull Power Amplifier Using SiC MESFETs. high RF power. densities and cor- capacitances per watt.
From June 2006 High Frequency Electronics Copyright 2006 Summit Technical Media A 1 to 2 GHz, 50 Watt Push-Pull Power Amplifier Using SiC MESFETs By Raymond S. Pengelly and Carl W. Janke Cree, Inc. Because
More informationEnhancing Second Harmonic Suppression in an Ultra-Broadband RF Push-Pull Amplifier
Enhancing Second in an Ultra-Broadband RF Push-Pull Amplifier By Gavin T Watkins Abstract By incorporating an An ultra-broadband push-pull amplifier operating over a bandwidth of attenuator and delay line
More informationRF and Microwave Accessories. CD-ROM Catalog. Find the right component for your Rohde & Schwarz test & measurement equipment
RF and Microwave Accessories CD-ROM Catalog Find the right component for your Rohde & Schwarz test & measurement equipment Product group Typical applications Adapters Interchanging of various connector
More informationAgilent Technologies. Generating Custom, Real-World Waveforms Integrating Test Instrumentation into the Design Process Application Note 1360
Agilent Technologies Generating Custom, Real-World Waveforms Integrating Test Instrumentation into the Design Process Application Note 1360 Table of Contents Introduction...............................................................................3
More informationRF System Design and Analysis Software Enhances RF Architectural Planning
From April 2010 High Frequency Electronics Copyright 2010 Summit Technical Media, LLC RF System Design and Analysis Software Enhances RF Architectural Planning By Dale D. Henkes Applied Computational Sciences
More informationAgilent E3830 Series Wide-bandwidth Signal Analyzer Custom Systems 100 MHz Bandwidth Microwave Vector Signal Analysis
Agilent E3830 Series Wide-bandwidth Signal Analyzer Custom Systems 100 MHz Bandwidth Microwave Vector Signal Analysis The measurement challenge 2 Many advanced microwave applications involve complex wideband
More informationSKA Dish Array Elements
SKA Dish Array Elements Eduardo Artal (1) Francisco Casas (2) (1) Departamento de Ingeniería de Comunicaciones (DICOM) Universidad de Cantabria. Santander. (2) Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA).
More informationPre-Compliance Test Method for Radiated Emissions of Automotive Components Using Scattering Parameter Transfer Functions
PreCompliance Test Method for Radiated Emissions of Automotive Components Using Scattering Parameter Transfer Functions D. Schneider 1*, S. Tenbohlen 1, W. Köhler 1 1 Institute of Power Transmission and
More informationImplementing Digital Wireless Systems. And an FCC update
Implementing Digital Wireless Systems And an FCC update Spectrum Repacking Here We Go Again: The FCC is reallocating 600 MHz Frequencies for Wireless Mics 30-45 MHz (8-m HF) 174-250 MHz (VHF) 450-960 MHz
More informationXDSL TECHNIQUES FOR POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS
XDSL TECHNIQUES FOR POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS Costas Assimakopoulos*, P.L. Katsis*, F.-N. Pavlidou*, Danilo Obradovic**, Milorad Obradovic** Abstract *Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Dept. of Elec.
More informationPolitecnico di Torino. Porto Institutional Repository
Politecnico di Torino Porto Institutional Repository [Proceeding] Multiport network analyzer self-calibration: a new approach and some interesting results Original Citation: G.L. Madonna, A. Ferrero, U.
More informationA New Programmable RF System for System-on-Chip Applications
Vol. 6, o., April, 011 A ew Programmable RF System for System-on-Chip Applications Jee-Youl Ryu 1, Sung-Woo Kim 1, Jung-Hun Lee 1, Seung-Hun Park 1, and Deock-Ho Ha 1 1 Dept. of Information and Communications
More informationGaAs Switch ICs for Cellular Phone Antenna Impedance Matching
GaAs Switch ICs for Cellular Phone Antenna Impedance Matching IWATA Naotaka, FUJITA Masanori Abstract Recently cellular phones have been advancing toward multi-band and multi-mode phones and many of them
More informationDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. LAB 1 - Introduction to USRP
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev LAB 1 - Introduction to USRP - 1-1 Introduction In this lab you will use software reconfigurable RF hardware from National
More informationR&S FSW signal and spectrum analyzer: best in class now up to 50 GHz
R&S FSW signal and spectrum analyzer: best in class now up to 50 GHz The new R&S FSW 43 and R&S FSW 50 signal and spectrum analyzers make the outstanding features of the R&S FSW family available now also
More informationHow To Make A Power Amplifier For A Mobile Phone
A PA for Mobile Terminals Supporting 9 Bands from 7 MHz to 2. GHz Multi-band PA Variable MN A PA for Mobile Terminals Supporting 9 Bands from 7 MHz to 2. GHz Commercially available mobile terminals currently
More informationPrinted Dipole Array Fed with Parallel Stripline for Ku-band Applications
Printed Dipole Array Fed with Parallel Stripline for Ku-band Applications M. Dogan 1, 3,K. Özsoy 1, 2, and I.Tekin 1, 1 Electronics Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey 2 Vestek Electronic
More informationApplication Note Noise Frequently Asked Questions
: What is? is a random signal inherent in all physical components. It directly limits the detection and processing of all information. The common form of noise is white Gaussian due to the many random
More informationNEW MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS FOR THICK FILM THERMISTORS
NEW MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS FOR THICK FILM THERMISTORS A.H.Feingold, R.L.Wahlers, P.Amstutz, C.Huang, S.J.Stein Electro-Science Laboratories Inc. Presented at IMAPS, 1998 J.Mazzochette EMC Technology Inc.
More informationCONFERENCE SESSIONS MATRIX - MONDAY
CONFERENCE SESSIONS MATRIX - MONDAY 7 05 GaN Devices 11 Graphene & III-V Devices 8 04 OPENING SESSION 06 Millimetre-Wave Low Noise Amplifiers 12 Millimetre-Wave Transceiver 9 07 Millimetre-Wave and THz
More informationJ. Zhang, J.-Z. Gu, B. Cui, andx. W. Sun Shanghai Institute of Microsystem & Information Technology CAS Shanghai 200050, China
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 69, 93 100, 2007 COMPACT AND HARMONIC SUPPRESSION OPEN-LOOP RESONATOR BANDPASS FILTER WITH TRI-SECTION SIR J. Zhang, J.-Z. Gu, B. Cui, andx. W. Sun Shanghai
More informationRadiated emission measurement of a cell phone processor module using TEM cell
, pp.48-53 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2013.28.09 Radiated emission measurement of a cell phone processor module using TEM cell Fayu Wan 1,2*, Qi Liu 3, Jian Shen 3, Jin Wang 3 and Nigel Linge 4 1
More informationTechnical Support Package
NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, California 91109-8099 Technical Support Package Stripline/Microstrip Transition in Multilayer Circuit Board NASA Tech Briefs NPO-41061 National Aeronautics and
More informationSIW 2D PLANAR ARRAY WITH FOUR CROSS SLOTS RADIATOR AND TUNING VIAS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 40, 83 92, 2013 SIW 2D PLANAR ARRAY WITH FOUR CROSS SLOTS RADIATOR AND TUNING VIAS P. Sanchez-Olivares, J. L. Masa-Campos *, J. A. Ruiz-Cruz, and B. Taha-Ahmed
More informationDesign and Analysis of Integrated RF Front-end Transceiver System Using Printed Circuit Technology for 5 GHz Wireless Communication Applications
2014 First International Conference on Systems Informatics, Modelling and Simulation Design and Analysis of Integrated RF Front-end Transceiver System Using Printed Circuit Technology for 5 GHz Wireless
More informationHigh Power and Low Coherence Fibre-optic Source for Incoherent Photonic Signal Processing
High Power and Low Coherence Fibre-optic Source for Incoherent Photonic Signal Processing Y u a n L i a n d R o b e r t A. M i n a s i a n School of Electrical and Information Engineering and APCRC University
More informationRF Communication System. EE 172 Systems Group Presentation
RF Communication System EE 172 Systems Group Presentation RF System Outline Transmitter Components Receiver Components Noise Figure Link Budget Test Equipment System Success Design Remedy Transmitter Components
More informationISSCC 2003 / SESSION 4 / CLOCK RECOVERY AND BACKPLANE TRANSCEIVERS / PAPER 4.7
ISSCC 2003 / SESSION 4 / CLOCK RECOVERY AND BACKPLANE TRANSCEIVERS / PAPER 4.7 4.7 A 2.7 Gb/s CDMA-Interconnect Transceiver Chip Set with Multi-Level Signal Data Recovery for Re-configurable VLSI Systems
More informationDesign and Electromagnetic Modeling of E-Plane Sectoral Horn Antenna For Ultra Wide Band Applications On WR-137 & WR- 62 Waveguides
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 3 Issue 7ǁ July 2014 ǁ PP.11-17 Design and Electromagnetic Modeling of E-Plane Sectoral Horn
More informationMillimeter-Wave Low Noise Amplifiers Suitable for Flip-Chip Assembly
INFOCOMMUNICATIONS Millimeter-Wave Low Noise Amplifiers Suitable for Flip-Chip Assembly Takeshi KAWASAKI*, Akira OTSUKA, Miki KUBOTA, Tsuneo TOKUMITSU and Yuichi HASEGAWA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationUnderstanding Power Splitters
Understanding Power Splitters how they work, what parameters are critical, and how to select the best value for your application. Basically, a 0 splitter is a passive device which accepts an input signal
More informationFrequency Response of Filters
School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 332:224 Principles of Electrical Engineering II Laboratory Experiment 2 Frequency Response of Filters 1 Introduction Objectives To
More informationUsing S-Parameter and Load Pull Measurements to Validate Transistor Large-Signal Fundamental and Harmonic Tuning Performance
Using S-Parameter and Load Pull Measurements to Validate Transistor Large-Signal Fundamental and Harmonic Tuning Performance R.Varanasi 1,J.Liu 1, J.Paviol 2, L. Dunleavy 1,3, W.Clausen 3 rvaranas@eng.usf.edu
More informationECE 435 INTRODUCTION TO THE MICROWAVE NETWORK ANALYZER
ECE 435 INTRODUCTION TO THE MICROWAVE NETWORK ANALYZER Latest revision: October 1999 Introduction A vector network analyzer (VNA) is a device capable of measuring both the magnitude and phase of a sinusoidal
More informationA Broadband Planar Magic-T using Microstripslotline
1 A Broadband Planar Magic-T using Microstripslotline Transitions Kongpop U-yen, Member, IEEE, Edward J. Wollack, Senior Member, IEEE, John Papapolymerou, Senior Member, IEEE, and Joy Laskar, Fellow, IEEE
More informationA Dual-Band Beam-Switched Slot Array for GSM 900/1800MHz
Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference 2006 A Dual-Band Beam-Switched Slot Array for GSM 900/1800MHz Yijun Liu, Zhongxiang Shen, Boyu Zheng and Weihua Tan School of Electrical and Electronic
More informationLow Cost, Triple Balanced, LTCC Mixer
Low Cost, Triple Balanced, LTCC Mixer Introduction Double Balanced Mixers are used widely in frequency translation applications. Some of the advantages of the double balanced mixer are good L-R and L-I
More informationMaking Accurate Voltage Noise and Current Noise Measurements on Operational Amplifiers Down to 0.1Hz
Author: Don LaFontaine Making Accurate Voltage Noise and Current Noise Measurements on Operational Amplifiers Down to 0.1Hz Abstract Making accurate voltage and current noise measurements on op amps in
More informationAPPLICATION NOTES POWER DIVIDERS. Things to consider
Internet Copy Rev A Overview Various RF applications require power to be distributed among various paths. The simplest way this can be done is by using a power splitter/divider. Power dividers are reciprocal
More informationConnected U-Slots Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications
Connected U-Slots Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications Hattan F. AbuTarboush (1), D. Budimir (2), R. Nilavalan (1) and H. S. Al-Raweshidy (1) (1) Wireless Network and Communication Centre (WNCC), School
More informationNBB-402. RoHS Compliant & Pb-Free Product. Typical Applications
Typical Applications Narrow and Broadband Commercial and Military Radio Designs Linear and Saturated Amplifiers 0 RoHS Compliant & Pb-Free Product NBB-402 CASCADABLE BROADBAND GaAs MMIC AMPLIFIER DC TO
More informationVector Signal Analyzer FSQ-K70
Product brochure Version 02.00 Vector Signal Analyzer FSQ-K70 July 2004 Universal demodulation, analysis and documentation of digital radio signals For all major mobile radio communication standards: GSM
More informationPhotonic components for signal routing in optical networks on chip
15 th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks Cartagena, Spain, June 23-27, 213 Photonic components for signal routing in optical networks on chip Vincenzo Petruzzelli, Giovanna Calò Dipartimento
More information'Possibilities and Limitations in Software Defined Radio Design.
'Possibilities and Limitations in Software Defined Radio Design. or Die Eierlegende Wollmilchsau Peter E. Chadwick Chairman, ETSI ERM_TG30, co-ordinated by ETSI ERM_RM Software Defined Radio or the answer
More information1 Multi-channel frequency division multiplex frequency modulation (FDM-FM) emissions
Rec. ITU-R SM.853-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.853-1 NECESSARY BANDWIDTH (Question ITU-R 77/1) Rec. ITU-R SM.853-1 (1992-1997) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that the concept of necessary
More informationParameter Min. Typ. Max. Units. Frequency Range 30 50 GHz. Minimum Insertion Loss 1.9 4.7 db. Dynamic Range @ 38 GHz 26 db
EWA51ZZ 3-5 GHz GaAs MMIC September 29 Rev 4 Bare Die Features Broadband Performance: 3 to 5 GHz Dynamic Range: 26 db, typical Input IP3: +13 dbm, typical (any attenuation) Dual Voltage Control: -1.5 to
More informationCONDUCTED EMISSION MEASUREMENT OF A CELL PHONE PROCESSOR MODULE
Progress In Electromagnetics esearch C, Vol. 42, 191 203, 2013 CONDUCTED EMISSION MEASUEMENT OF A CELL PHONE POCESSO MODULE Fayu Wan *, Junxiang Ge, and Mengxiang Qu Nanjing University of Information Science
More informationA Performance Study of Wireless Broadband Access (WiMAX)
A Performance Study of Wireless Broadband Access (WiMAX) Maan A. S. Al-Adwany Department of Computer & Information Engineering, College of Electronics Engineering University of Mosul Mosul, Iraq maanaladwany@yahoo.com
More informationCIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS Circuits and Systems for Radiofrequency and Telecommunications Dente Del Corso
CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR RADIOFREQUENCY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Dante Del Corso Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy. Keywords: Heterodyne, direct conversion, ZIF, image frequency, mixer, SDR, LNA, PA,
More informationOptimizing IP3 and ACPR Measurements
Optimizing IP3 and ACPR Measurements Table of Contents 1. Overview... 2 2. Theory of Intermodulation Distortion... 2 3. Optimizing IP3 Measurements... 4 4. Theory of Adjacent Channel Power Ratio... 9 5.
More informationISSCC 2003 / SESSION 10 / HIGH SPEED BUILDING BLOCKS / PAPER 10.5
ISSCC 2003 / SESSION 10 / HIGH SPEED BUILDING BLOCKS / PAPER 10.5 10.5 Broadband ESD Protection Circuits in CMOS Technology Sherif Galal, Behzad Razavi Electrical Engineering Department, University of
More informationWeighted Thinned Arrays by Almost Difference Sets and Convex Programming
Guidelines for Student Reports Weighted Thinned Arrays by Almost Difference Sets and Convex Programming V. Depau Abstract The design of thinned arrays can be carried out with several techniques, including
More informationBuild your own solution with UMS
FOUNDRY SERVICES Build your own solution with UMS Your innovative partner for high performance, high yield MMIC solutions 2015-2016 www.ums-gaas.com FOUNDRY SERVICES UMS has developed a proven family of
More informationBandwidth analysis of multimode fiber passive optical networks (PONs)
Optica Applicata, Vol. XXXIX, No. 2, 2009 Bandwidth analysis of multimode fiber passive optical networks (PONs) GRZEGORZ STEPNIAK *, LUKASZ MAKSYMIUK, JERZY SIUZDAK Institute of Telecommunications, Warsaw
More informationS-Band Low Noise Amplifier Using the ATF-10136. Application Note G004
S-Band Low Noise Amplifier Using the ATF-10136 Application Note G004 Introduction This application note documents the results of using the ATF-10136 in low noise amplifier applications at S band. The ATF-10136
More informationKeysight Technologies Understanding the Fundamental Principles of Vector Network Analysis. Application Note
Keysight Technologies Understanding the Fundamental Principles of Vector Network Analysis Application Note Introduction Network analysis is the process by which designers and manufacturers measure the
More informationPCB Radiation Mechanisms: Using Component-Level Measurements to
Radiation Directly from PCB Structures PCB Radiation Mechanisms: Using Component-Level Measurements to Determine System-Level Radiated Emissions Signal or component voltage appears between two good antenna
More informationmm-wave System-On-Chip & System-in-Package Design for 122 GHz Radar Sensors
mm-wave System-On-Chip & System-in-Package Design for 122 GHz Radar Sensors 12th International Symposium on RF MEMS and RF Microsystems Athens, Greece J. C. Scheytt 1, Y. Sun 1, S. Beer 2, T. Zwick 2,
More informationSMART ANTENNA BEAMFORMING NETWORK Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim Peter Gardner
Smart Antena Beamforming Network 23 3 SMART ANTENNA BEAMFORMING NETWORK Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim Peter Gardner 3.1 INTRODUCTION Smart Antenna with RF beamforming capability can greatly improve the performance
More information2.45 GHz Power and Data Transmission for a Low-Power Autonomous Sensors Platform
9.4.45 GHz Power and Data Transmission for a Low-Power Autonomous Sensors Platform Stefano Gregori 1, Yunlei Li 1, Huijuan Li 1, Jin Liu 1, Franco Maloberti 1, 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, University
More information2. The Vector Network Analyzer
ECE 584 Laboratory Experiments 2. The Vector Network Analyzer Introduction: In this experiment we will learn to use a Vector Network Analyzer to measure the magnitude and phase of reflection and transmission
More informationRF Switches Guide Signals In Smart Phones
RF Switches Guide Signals In Smart Phones The myriad of different bands, modes, radios, and functionality found in a modern smart phone calls for the increased use of simple, high-performance RF switches
More informationComplementary Code Keying with PIC Based Microcontrollers For The Wireless Radio Communications
Complementary Code Keying with PIC Based Microcontrollers For The Wireless Radio Communications Boris Ribov, Grisha Spasov Abstract: The IEEE 802.11b is a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) system
More informationEngineering Sciences 151. Electromagnetic Communication Laboratory Assignment 3 Fall Term 1998-99
Engineering Sciences 151 Electromagnetic Communication Laboratory Assignment 3 Fall Term 1998-99 WAVE PROPAGATION II: HIGH FREQUENCY SLOTTED LINE AND REFLECTOMETER MEASUREMENTS OBJECTIVES: To build greater
More informationA SIMULATION STUDY ON SPACE-TIME EQUALIZATION FOR MOBILE BROADBAND COMMUNICATION IN AN INDUSTRIAL INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
A SIMULATION STUDY ON SPACE-TIME EQUALIZATION FOR MOBILE BROADBAND COMMUNICATION IN AN INDUSTRIAL INDOOR ENVIRONMENT U. Trautwein, G. Sommerkorn, R. S. Thomä FG EMT, Ilmenau University of Technology P.O.B.
More informationA NEAR FIELD INJECTION MODEL FOR SUSCEPTIBILITY PREDICTION IN INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
ICONIC 2007 St. Louis, MO, USA June 27-29, 2007 A NEAR FIELD INJECTION MODEL FOR SUSCEPTIBILITY PREDICTION IN INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Ali Alaeldine 12, Alexandre Boyer 3, Richard Perdriau 1, Sonia Ben Dhia
More information0HDVXULQJWKHHOHFWULFDOSHUIRUPDQFH FKDUDFWHULVWLFVRI5),)DQGPLFURZDYHVLJQDO SURFHVVLQJFRPSRQHQWV
0HDVXULQJWKHHOHFWULFDOSHUIRUPDQFH FKDUDFWHULVWLFVRI5),)DQGPLFURZDYHVLJQDO SURFHVVLQJFRPSRQHQWV The treatment given here is introductory, and will assist the reader who wishes to consult the standard texts
More informationAPN1009: A Varactor Controlled Phase Shifter for PCS Base Station Applications
APPLICATION NOTE APN1009: A Varactor Controlled Phase Shifter for PCS Base Station Applications Introduction Power amplifiers in today s base stations use compensation techniques to reduce distortion.
More informationWhen designing. Inductors at UHF: EM Simulation Guides Vector Network Analyzer. measurement. EM SIMULATION. There are times when it is
Inductors at UHF: EM Simulation Guides Vector Network Analyzer Measurements John B. Call Thales Communications Inc., USA When designing There are times when it is circuits for necessary to measure a operation
More informationHow To Model A Terahertz Detector
QUADERNI DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI ELETTROMAGNETISMO, VOL. 1, N. 2 LUGLIO 2005 123 Accurate Electromagnetic Modeling of Terahertz Detectors Paolo Focardi,William R. McGrath 1 Abstract Twin slot antennas
More informationUnderstanding Power Splitters
Understanding Power Splitters How they work, what parameters are critical, and how to select the best value for your application. Basically, a 0 splitter is a passive device which accepts an input signal
More informationSimulation and Design of Printed Circuit Boards Utilizing Novel Embedded Capacitance Material
Simulation and Design of Printed Circuit Boards Utilizing Novel Embedded Capacitance Material Yu Xuequan, Yan Hang, Zhang Gezi, Wang Haisan Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd Lujiazui Subpark, Pudong Software
More informationCDMA Performance under Fading Channel
CDMA Performance under Fading Channel Ashwini Dyahadray 05307901 Under the guidance of: Prof Girish P Saraph Department of Electrical Engineering Overview Wireless channel fading characteristics Large
More information30 GHz 5-Bit Phase Shifter TGP2100
August, 28 3 GHz -Bit Phase Shifter TGP2 Key Features and Performance Positive Control Voltage Single-Ended Logic CMOS Compatible Frequency Range: 28-32 GHz.2µm phemt 3MI Technology Chip dimensions:.88
More informationW-band vector network analyzer based on an audio lock-in amplifier * Abstract
ARDB 179 SLAC PUB 7884 July 1998 W-band vector network analyzer based on an audio lock-in amplifier * R. H. Siemann Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94309 Abstract The
More informationAnalog Devices Welcomes Hittite Microwave Corporation NO CONTENT ON THE ATTACHED DOCUMENT HAS CHANGED
Analog Devices Welcomes Hittite Microwave Corporation NO CONTENT ON THE ATTACHED DOCUMENT HAS CHANGED www.analog.com www.hittite.com THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK v.113 Frequency Divider Operation
More informationITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009 Innovations for Digital Inclusion. Reliability and Scalability Analysis of Low Cost Long Distance IP-Based Wireless Networks
ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2009 Innovations for Digital Inclusion Reliability and Scalability Analysis of Low Cost Long Distance IP-Based Wireless Networks D. Trinchero, R. Stefanelli, A. Galardini ixem Labs Electronic
More informationSix-Port Reflectometer: an Alternative Network Analyzer for THz Region. Guoguang Wu
Six-Port Reflectometer: an Alternative Network Analyzer for THz Region Guoguang Wu Outline General Background of Network Analyzer Principles of Six-Port Reflectometer WR-15 Six-port Reflectometer Design,
More information