Towards Integral Groundwater Management in Arid Basins in China. Sino-Dutch Cooperation Project

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Lizbeth Chapman
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1 Towards Integral Groundwater Management in Arid Basins in China Sino-Dutch Cooperation Project Dick van Doorn & Sophie Vermooten, Deltares, Enabling Delta Life

2 Sino-Dutch project: Capacity Building of a China Groundwater Information Center ORETMiliev and Chinese funding Content Meetings/ courses/ visits Monitoring network and data-loggers Databases and GIS-development Groundwater modeling

funding Content Meetings/ courses/ visits Monitoring

3 hina Groundwater Information Centre Urumqi River Basin Beijing Plain A lot land, no water Fertile land, some water A lot water, less land Jinan Basin

4 History of the project meetings/ courses/ visits (CIGEM, Gems, UNESCO-IHE, van Essen, TNO) Kick-off meeting, fact finding mission Steering Committee meeting (Beijing) GIS-course refresher in China Steering Committee meeting (Jinan) Monitoring course GIS course in China Practical course on diver installation Management course in China Visits (van Doorn, Snepvangers and Zhou) to China Modeling training in China GIS and database hands on training in the Netherlands Visit of 15 Chinese managers to the Netherlands

course GIS course in China Practical course on diver installation Management course in China Visits (van Doorn, Snepvangers and

5 History of the project: meetings/ courses/ visits Steering Committee meeting (Urumqi) Groundwater quality and quantity modeling training Steering Committee meeting (Beijing) REGIS v4 training in China Groundwater modeling training in The Netherlands Decision Support model training in China Visits (van Doorn, Zhou) to China Visit Chinese delegation to Netherlands Visit Chinese project manager to Netherlands Visit Chinese delegation to Netherlands,

modeling training in The Netherlands Decision Support model training in China Visits (van Doorn, Zhou) to China

6 Three pilots: Urumqi River Basin pilot Beijing Plain pilot Jinan Karstic Spring area pilot

7 Field visits, the first impressions

8 From 2003 to 2007, many different results Monitoring, network lay-out and data-loggers REGIS v4, Databases and GIS-development Groundwater modeling

9 Beijing pilot (inh. 16 million)

10 Data Storage, Analysis, Information Dissemination Temporal characteristics (Hydrograph) Observation well s1101-a 30 Groundwater level (m) y = 1E-05x x R 2 = Obser vat i on dat e Groundwater level has dropped 23 m in last 13 years!

11 Diver course by Kasper Cloezen of Van Essen Instruments

12 To clean monitoring wells 19 wells were cleaned in 2007,about 75 wells have been cleaned since the project started

13 Destruction Status in June 2003 Status in Sep Salvaging the wells Only heads are above ground

14 Monitoring network Design of groundwater quality monitoring network DRASTIC 合成

15 GIS development Surface soil characteristic Bedrock geology Coefficient of rainfall infiltration Hydrology Groundwater system

16 REGIS v4 groundwater quantity and quality

17 Hydrogeology layer model of Beijing plain viewed with 3d java viewer of REGIS v4

18 Results of the groundwater modeling The first aquifer The second aquifer The third aquifer The fourth aquifer The fifth aquifer

19 rediction model-water transfer From 2008 to 2020 Supply water 27 hundred million m 3 Build 14 water plants

20 Xinjiang pilot (pop. 4 million)

21 Databases and GIS-development Update of database in 2005 and 2006 Groundwater level data: 80 monitoring wells data from Jan to June 2006 => records in the database now! Groundwater quality data: 420 records of 46 monitoring wells. => records in the database now! Photos added: 70 monitoring wells

22 New well design in Urumqi

23 REGIS v4 S-12 S-17 W-11 W-17-2

24 Groundwater Model: results Simulation regional groundwater levels in North Plain, river valley and Chaiwopu basin

25 Scenarios and simulation methods Type 1 scenarios:model forecasts based on continuation of the existing water utilization The water utilization for 2006 is taken as a starting point Simulations of groundwater level changes for 4 years (up to 2010) and 9 years (up to 2015),and 14 years (up to 2020) and for wet years, normal years and dry years scenarios will be done Data collection:annual precipitation. Stress periods: 4,9 and 14, every stress period has 12 time steps

26 Type 5 scenarios:model forecasts based on the principle of sustainable development These scenarios are based on the combined annual import of 100 million cube of water from the north of Xinjinag and the closure of the Hegu well field (60% of total, equal to 8.85million cube ) and well fields in the North Plain (40% of total, equal to 100 million cube ) Increased irrigation return flows due to the import and decreased groundwater exploitation amounts will be applied to the model. Any changes in existing surface water supplies affecting groundwater have to be considered Groundwater modeling starting points, modeling periods, and wet, normal and dry years conditions are the same as for the Type 1 scenarios

27 Shandong pilot (inh. 3 million)

28 Analyzing the problems in the Jinan area

29 Genesis of Jinan springs Confluence discharge Cross-section showing formation course of Jinan springs Direct recharge (Cambrian limestone) Indirect recharge (Ordovician limestone) The consistency of strata dipping and topography inclination is the geologic and geomorphologic foundation for the formation of Jinan springs

30 GIS-development

31 3D GEOLOGY MODEL The wells Base on the geological and hydro-geological maps wells and data about physics-survey,more than 200 wells Advanced are input Tools in the in model Water Resources Management The cross-sections in the model area

33 Bottom Cambrian and the fault CROSS-SECTIONS GENERAL FROM THE 3D SOLID MODEL

34 Groundwater model

35 Groundwat er resource area Groundwat er resource area Springs area From this map we can know that when pumping water from the west groundwater resource area, it can affect the flow of springs Flow line near groundwater resource area Flow line near groundwater resource area and spring area

36 Management of the project: in China and the Netherlands Visit of project manager to three pilot areas and CIGEM, May- June 2004, including management course Visit of Chinese managers to the Netherlands, June 2004, July 2006 & July 2007 Visits to: Provinces of Zuid-Holland, Utrecht, Gelderland, Overijssel and Drenthe Waterboard of Stichtse Rijnlanden Watercompanies of Amsterdam, The Hague, Utrecht and prov. Drenthe Waterworks in the Netherlands UNESCO-IHE, TNO-NITG, Van Essen Instruments Belgium, France & Luxembourg

37 Steering Committee Meeting, 2005, Jinan & 2006, Urumqi

38 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.

GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS

GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS IN THE NORTHERN SACRAMENTO VALLEY LOCAL MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE NORTHERN SACRAMENTO VALLEY MEETING DECEMBER 16, 2011 KELLY STATON, SENIOR ENGINEERING GEOLOGIST, GROUNDWATER