Advanced Heat Reclaim Systems. Harrison Horning, PE, CEM Delhaize America - Hannaford
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1 Advanced Heat Reclaim Systems Harrison Horning, PE, CEM Delhaize America - Hannaford
2 Outline Basic refrigeration cycle Conventional series heat reclaim Full-condensing parallel heat reclaim Direct Hydronic Water-cooled condensing heat reclaim Results
3 Basic Refrigeration Cycle - No heat reclaim Rejected Heat Condenser C Evaporator
4 Superheat & Latent Heat of Vaporization Sketch here
5 De-superheater - Captures superheat - How to control? Condenser Rejected Heat Useful Heat C Evaporator
6 Conventional Series Heat Reclaim - Captures superheat+ to water or air, when needed - Controlled by 3-way valve; on/off logic Condenser Rejected Heat C Useful Heat Evaporator HW Reclaim tank, or reclaim coil in HVAC unit
7 Conventional Series Heat Reclaim Pros: Captures superheat+ Controllable (on/off) Temperatures can be compatible with water and air heating systems Free heat Traditional Cons: Doesn t capture full latent heat of vap. Hard to know how much condensing occurs Can interfere with floating head strategy (so is it really free?)
8 Economics 4,000 mmbtu Annual Space Heating Load; Maine Weather
9 Full-Condensing Parallel Heat Reclaim - Captures full heat of rejection; direct or hydronic - Controlled by 3-way valve; either/or logic Condenser C Useful Heat Evaporator
10 Full-Condensing Parallel Heat Reclaim Pros: Captures 100% of heat of rejection Controllable (but not like typical HVAC) Reclaimed heat can be more economical than purchased fuel Flexible; air or glycol Cons: Lower temperatures Too low for water htg Requires more coil area and cfm for space heat HVAC coil sizing and zoning can be tricky Charge management can be challenging Higher up-front cost
11 Full-Condensing Parallel Heat Reclaim DIRECT = Refrigerant piped to HVAC coil(s) Condenser C Useful Heat Evaporator Heat Reclaim coil in HVAC unit
12 Ref. KeepRite Tech Bulletin K70-KHR-PDS-11 Heat Reclaim Coils for HVAC
13 Full-Condensing Parallel Heat Reclaim HYDRONIC = HX and glycol loop Condenser Useful Heat C Evaporator Plate HX connected To glycol loop
14 Water-Cooled Condensing Heat Reclaim - Captures full heat of rejection to water /glycol, full-time Fluid coo Fluid Cooler and Heat Reclaim P Condenser C Evaporator
15 Why pursue water-cooled condensing? Climate change concerns; need to reduce emissions Reduced charge on high side; 600 vs. 1,000 lbs/rack Stable operation allows for receiver level monitoring Easier to pipe reclaimed heat to remote HVAC units (e.g., front lobby/vestibule, back room); can displace more purchased fuel Economics work in cold climates; approx. 4 year payback on incremental investment in northern New England
16 Water Cooled Condensing Heat Reclaim; Similar to Full-Condensing plus Pros: Reduced charge/leaks and better charge mgt Can pipe to all HVAC coils to displace purchased fuel Cons: Higher up-front cost to equip and pipe all racks and HVAC units
17 Water-Cooled Condensing Options - 3-way valve to glycol reclaim coils in parallel P Fluid Fluid Cooler coo Useful Heat Condenser Evaporator C On a call for heat, 3-way valve diverts warm glycol to HVAC coils.
18 Hydronic Module
19 Receiver Level Monitoring
20 Integrating HR with HVAC Bigger coils and higher airflow (cfm) due to lower delta-t HR supply controlled by 3-way valve at rack HR loads can be: Dedicated system per rack (on/off), or Common HR loop (stages) HVAC zoning and control is different!
21 Hydronic System Layout
22 Performance Data 2000: No heat reclaim. 2002: Added full-condensing heat reclaim to cold aisles. 2005: Added series HR to dedicated outside air unit. 2009: Water-cooled condensing heat reclaim from all racks (3 or 4) to all HVAC units.
23 References ASHRAE Journal, February 2010, Heat Recovery in Retail Refrigeration, Richard Royal, P.E. KeepRite Tech Bulletin K70-KHR-PDS-11
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