EFFECT OF WASTE ON ECOSYSTEM: AYURVEDIC REVIEW

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1 EFFECT OF WASTE ON ECOSYSTEM: AYURVEDIC REVIEW Dr.Sarita Sunil Bhutada*Dr.Aniket Anil Shilwant**Dr.Niraj Fattabhai Mandod*** Professor & HOD,Sharir Kriya Department, G.J.Patel Ayurved College,Anand, Gujarat,India* Assistant Professor, Sharir Kriya Department, G.J.Patel Ayurved College,Anand, Gujarat,India** Assitant Professor, Sharir Kriya Department, G.J.Patel Ayurved College,Anand, Gujarat,India*** Abstract:- Ecosystem is formed by community of living and non-living components which are interdependent on each other. We being part of this ecosystem it is must to maintain the harmony by us of the same and the whole will be reciprocated in fruitful way to us. With the advanced technology and globalization we humans had achieved a great success in almost every field no doubt but on the other the hand we had invited numerous diseases and lifestyle disorders. This issue needs to be settled with keen priority. Ecosystem management suggests us, instead of managing the biotic components, it is necessary that the natural resources should be managed and protected at their level itself. This classical approach of management have mentioned in Ayurvedic contexts since long years ago itself. Ayurved science focuses primarily on prevention and secondary on disease management of human being. The major waste components are responsible for contaminating ecosystem through Air, Water, and Land pollution. This is mentioned in Ayurvedic contexts under Janpadodhwansa-Events disturbing the social harmony. The overall pollution made by above three factors ultimately is responsible for change in the climacteric conditions which again has a great impact on the human health. This disturbance in biological clock is also mention in Ayurvedic classics as an impact of Kala (Ritu) under the Jaanpadodhwansa. Keywords- Ecosystem, Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, Janpadodhwansa. Introduction:- Wastes are the substances or objects which are needed to be disposed and or are to be disposed intentionally and or are required to be disposed off by abiding to any national law. Almost every waste substance is hazardous to human health if not disposed properly. This causes a major health hazards on healthy status of any living being also. This is the reason why many of the countries today have postulated strict regulations and norms for proper collection, storage, reuse and disposal of the waste products. Major share to the waste and pollution is contributed by industrial sector, biomedical waste and plastic and electrical equipments wastes. The European Union directive on waste management states that- Waste management shall mean the collection, transport, recovery and disposal of waste, including the supervision of such operations and aftercare of disposal sites However the new perspective against waste management includes - Reduce, Reuse and Recycle of waste Objectives of Study:- To explore Ayurved classics in front of society as it has mentioned about pollution and contamination of ecosystem. Methodology:- 1) Ecosystem impairment is broadly mentioned in Ayurvedic classics under topic Janpadodhwansa in Charaka Samhita 2) It is a need to explore the Ayurvedic fundamental principles in terms of modern era.

2 3) Utilizing this subject it might provide us a different and natural way to prevent and or decrease the impairment in ecosystem rather than using any synthetic, time and cost consuming, hazardous technique. 4) Implementation of Simple and precise technique for waste management What Ayurveda Has For The Human Fraternity And Ecosystem:- Ayurveda is a science which clearly keeps the moto to Maintenance of Healthy status of a human being and Prevention and Management of Diseased one viz.. Swasthasya swasthya rakshanam vikaara prashamanam. Also it states that humans are nothing but a tiny part of this universe and the universe or ecosystem is ultimately made up of biotic and abiotic components only. Thus the healthy status of environment as well as biotic components is two sides of a coin. In Ayurveda, Acharyas has mentioned four major factors which are under a threat to be contaminated from time to time. These factors are ultimately responsible for contamination of ecosystem which at last shows its effects on health of biotic components. These four factors are- Air (Vayu), Water (Jala), Land (Desha), Season (Kala). Contamination and adulteration of above mentioned factors shows a set of definite characteristics which can be observed and managed at its earlier stages. Features of contaminated Air, Water, Land, Season as per Ayurveda- AIR:- 1) Excessive calm or violent flow 2) Excessive dry, cold, hot, rough, humidity 3) Excessively cyclonic in nature 4) Associated with unpleasant, unwholesome smell, gases, sand, dust particles, smoke WATER:- 1) Excessively abnormal in smell, taste, color, touch 2) Sticky, adultered 3) Absence of local aquatic habitat in water 4) Unpleasant taste LAND:- 1) Abnormality regarding smell, touch, natural color 2) Excessive dry, damp, sticky 3) Land contaminated by excess dumping of waste in it 4) Abnormality and adulteration regarding nutrients necessary for cultivation 5) Excess of unwanted plant kingdom as like grass weeds 6) Land with dried and destroyed crops 7) Land abundant with wild carnivorous animals, flees 8) Land or surface which is constant under a threat of earthquakes, thunderbolts, meteorites SEASON:- Season or Kala is also hampered and violated from its natural regime. Season or Kala are impossible to be altered but its more alteration can be prevented only when we know about the chain how waste materials are responsible for climacteric changes. Following are the points mentioned sequentially about the same- 1) Decomposition of waste materials on a large scale in residential as well as industrial areas 2) Contamination of the land, water, air of local environment 3) The land is no more fertile, water is then of no use for drinking as well as any marine habitat to dwell further 4) Increasing the temperature of earth core 5) Unexpected, unwanted and untimely changes and natural calamities appearance 6) Change in the natural biological clock and climacteric conditions

3 Eg. 1. Tropical rain in unwanted seasons like summer 2. Excessive heat during summer which increases day by day leading to global warming Along with these as Ayurveda is having a mighty mythological origin and progress it states the responsibility of deeds of every biotic component, code and principles of conduct, curse and blessings of almighty for the maintenance of ecosystem and health of each biotic component in the universe. Observation and Discussion:- Protecting the factor of ecosystem under threat- Air- 1. Purification by fumigating substances as mentioned in Ayurveda a) Wood- Sandal, Mango, Peepal, Bargad b) Odoriferous-Camphor, Saffron, Cardamom, Musk c) Dietary constituents-ghee, Fruits, Cereals, Milk, Sugar, Honey, Jaggery, d) Medicinal Herbs- Guggulu (Commiphora mukul), Cloves, Jatamansi (Nordostachys jatamansi), Deodaru (Cedrus deodar), Chandan (Santalum album), Arjun (Terminalia arjuna), Tejpatra (Cinnamomum tamala), Gandhak (Sulphur) 2. Yagnya, Homa This are useful for evacuating the air from flees, insects, bacteria, foul odors 3. These methods prove beneficial to patients with respiratory problems, neuropsychological disorders by keeping them calm, pleasant, focused and oriented Water:- 1. Boiling of water which makes it free from contamination of microorganisms 2. Many of the times water is adultered with most of the nutrients and minerals which makes it hard for digestion. Boiling proves to be helpful in such cases. 3. Filtration through a thick, clean and fine cloth 4. Making water free from unpleasant odor by addition of fragnating substances as like- Nirmali Beeja (Strychmous potatorum), Chandrakanta Mani (Lappis lezuli), Chandan (Santalum album), Paatala(Stereospermum soveulens) 5. Making water free from contamination by addition of disinfectants or cleaning agents as like- Kamal Mula (tubers of Lotus), Shaivalla Mula (Algae), Mukta(Pearl), Karvira (Nerium indicum), Gomedhaka (Dolomite stone) Land:- 1. Purification by cleaning the unwanted materials 2. Disinfecting the land surface by sprinkling water, Gomutra 3. Burning the unwanted and hazardous waste materials 4. Decomposition of essential components which enriches the quality of soil Implementation of above measures will certainly prove beneficial to ecosystem and may alter the climacteric changes ultimately. But it needs to be done with whole devotion and on a large scale indeed. Enhancing and enriching the living standard value of social community- So for this, the principles of waste management as per Ayurveda greatly emphasizes on the code of conduct viz..sadvrutta, Achaara Rasayana. The hierarchy of waste management first of all with at most priority includes prevention and minimization of the waste products which are to be newly added to the ecosystem. Then after, it includes the reuse and recycling of those which may be of value to biotic components. And at last but not least is the disposal of waste materials which is concerned with the same that too in proper manner without disturbing the ecosystem.

4 PREVENTION MINIMIZATION REUSE & RECYCLE ENERGY RECOVERY DISPOSAL Even though after implementation of above principles, unfortunately if there is any occurrence of any health related problems then treatment through natural way is the solution provided by Ayurveda. The following measures are essential to go through- a) Rejuvenation therapy i.e. Rasayana-That builds as well as maintains the body and prevents ageing process. b) Purification process i.e. Panchakarma. It is essential to purify and nullify the wastes accumulated in body. Ayurveda states total 5measures for purification named as under- 1) Vamana Emesis 2) Virechana - Purgation 3) Asthapana Basti Enema by Medicated Decoction 4) Anuvasana Basti Enema by Medicated Oleation 5) Nasya Oleation and Purification through Nostrils c) Seasonal regimen i.e. Rutucharya. Which explains to change your dietary, living and behavioral regimen from time to time as per the change in season so as to accommodate and maintain the healthy status of living being. This is very essential to enrich the quality of constructive infrastructure of body. It ultimately enhances the healthy status of human fraternity thus enriching the living standard value of individual. Complying rules and regulation under governing standards- 1. Promote waste prevention and minimization by encouraging production of reusable consumer goods and biodegradable products 2. Develop waste management systems, with the highest priority placed on waste prevention and minimization 3. Reuse and recycling 4. Government initiative for environmentally sound disposal facilities, 5. Objectives including new technology to recollect the energy contained in waste products 6. Objective is to prevent pollution of the river, sea by the dumping of waste and other matter which is liable to create hazards to human health, to harm living resources and marine life 7. Strict regulations concerned about minimal or almost no to any type of air pollution or rather free from the rural and suburbs or any residential areas Conclusion:- 1) Ayurveda has a prophylactic approach towards prevention of waste management. 2) Protection and maintenance of the air, water and land can be done by simple methods mentioned in Ayurveda.

5 3) Health related problems due to changing ecosystem can be treated through natural ways provided by Ayurveda. 4) The administration and implementation of rules and governing standards helps maintaining ecosystem to be in natural limits. We are all responsible for climacteric changes and we all must be the part of its solution!!! References- 1) Kashinath pandey.(2003).janpadodhwansaniyam Vimanam, Charaka Samhita( ).Varanasi:Chaukhambha Prakashan. 2) Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamaji Acharyam.(2012).Dravadravya vijnyaniyam, Susruta Samhita( ).Varanasi: Chaukhambha Prakashan. 3) Dr.P.Srinivas Rao.(2005).Dravadravya vijnyaniyam adhyaya, Ashtanga Samgraha(59-63).Varanasi:Chaukhambha Prakashan. 4) Ramharsha Singh.(2003).Sankramak rog tatha Janpadodhwansa.Book of Swasthavrutta. 5) Ramharsha Singh.(2003).Bhumi tatha Nivas sthan. Book of Swasthavrutta. 6) Ramharsha Singh.(2003).Jala tatha Jala ki aapurti. Book of Swasthavrutta. 7) Ramharsha Singh.(2003).Vayu tatha vayu sanchaar vyavastha. Book of Swasthavrutta. 8) Ecosystem.(2015,June26).Website: 9) Waste Management.(2015,June26).Website: 10) Website:Carbonfund.org