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1 Unità locale La Sapienza: Walter Lacarbonara Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica Kick-Off PRIN 2008 Shape memory alloy advanced modeling for industrial and biomedical applications Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica,
2 Mitigazione di vibrazioni mediante isteresi wire ropes wire ropes Macro-scale Hysteretic friction: energy dissipation carbon nanotubes/resin stick-slip with shear lag Nano/micro-scale Hysteretic TMD (tuned mass damper) CNT-resin layers in composites Stick matrix Slip CNT SAPIENZA Grants (2002, 2005, 2010)
3 Stato dell arte sui TMD Flessibilità di utilizzo Semplicità della progettazione Basso costo di installazione Viscoelastic TMD Rapporto di massa Intervallo di frequenze Hz Burj al-arab (2002) TMD using multistage rubber bearings Millennium Bridge (2000) Ponte MOI (2006) N. Masaki, Y. Suizu, T. Kamada, T. Fujita, 2004, Development and applications of tuned/hybrid mass dampers using multi-stage rubber bearings for vibration control of structures, 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada, August 1-6, Paper No. 2243
4 Stato dell arte: Stockbridge damper Stockbridge damper G. H. Stockbridge, 1928, Vibration damper, U.S. Patent 1,675,391
5 TMD lineare vs. TMD isteretico Utilizzo di un unico dispositivo Descrizione del legame isteretico attraverso il modello di Bouc-Wen Viscoelastic TMD Hysteretic TMD
6 Prestazioni del TMD lineare Nicola Carpineto, 2010, Hysteretic tuned mass dampers for structural vibration mitigation Dottorato di ricerca in Ingegneria delle Strutture XXII ciclo. Mass ratio 2%, Frequency ratio: 0.98, Damping ratio: 8.6%
7 TMD isteretico: modello di Bouc-Wen Rheological model Equivalent damping
8 TMD isteretico in una struttura a 1 gdl
9 TMD isteretico (quasilineare)
10 TMD isteretico (softening)
11 Organi isteretici Model Height Width Isolator Wire-rope WR mm 25mm Wire-rope WR mm 30mm Wire-rope WR mm 38mm Wire-rope WR mm 30mm Wire-rope WR mm 38mm Wire-rope Compact wire-rope Rubber isolator Flexural wire-rope WR mm 43mm Wire-rope CR mm 68mm Compact Wire-rope CR mm 67mm Compact Wire-rope NRB mm 10 mm Rubber isolator NRB mm 10 mm Rubber isolator WRF mm 100mm Flexural Wirerope WRF mm 100mm Flexural Wirerope (double)
12 Prove cicliche su dispositivi isteretici Test layout Rubber Wire-rope Y. Q. Ni, J. M. Ko, C. W. Wong, 1998, Identification of non-linear hysteretic isolators from periodic vibration tests, J. Sound Vib., 217,
13 Identificazione dei parametri costitutivi
14 Identificazione dei parametri costitutivi
15 Identificazione dei parametri costitutivi
16 Identificazione dei parametri costitutivi
17 Progetto del TMD isteretico
18 Prove sperimentali: controllo di una trave
19 Prove sperimentali TMD optimized for 0.7 mm base excitation Mass ratio: 3.1%
20 Prove sperimentali
21 Prove sperimentali: forzante armonica
22 Prove sperimentali (random input signal) Input Filtered white noise [10-20] Hz Durata: 60 s
23 Prove sperimentali (random input signal) Max RMS Input Uncontrolled Controlled Difference Uncontrolled Controlled Difference [g] [g] % [g] [g] % a b c d e f g h i Av
24 Prove sperimentali: video rod Hysteretic Vibration Absorber in Action Experimental hysteresis loops Uncontrolled TMD masses Controlled Primary resonance Pending of patent the lowest mode SAPIENZA Grants (2002, 2005, 2010) PRIN Grant 2010, Italian Ministry of Scientific Research
25 Shape Memory Alloys Applications Noise reduction with variable area jet nozzle
26 Shape Memory Alloys Applications Recentering Damping Device (RDD)
27 Shape Memory Alloys Applications Recentering Damping Device: Example
28 Shape Memory Alloys Applications Hybrid device = SMA device + energy absorption device
29 Shape-Memory Alloy Devices fast loading rates non-isothermal regime slow loading rates isothermal regime A M A M Nondifferentiable vector field Hysteresis operator W. Lacarbonara et al. (2004) Nonlinear thermomechanical oscillations of shape-memory devices. Int J Solids Stru 41.
30 Constitutive equations: free energy K elastic stiffness max pseudoel. displ. c specific heat 0 reference temp. (fully Aust. state) tranf. force/temp. slope a 0 internal energy at ref. temp. b 0 entropy =
31 Constitutive equations: transformation kinetic
32 Path-following: finite-difference approach Dynamical system: : state-control space Trajectories Periodic solutions Poincarè map Periodic solutions Monodromy matrix
33 Path-following: finite-difference approach Pseudo-arclength parametrization Augmented system (n+1): Map+normality condition Newton-Raphson scheme Central finite differences:
34 Shape-Memory Alloy Devices Shape Memory Alloys: isothermal phase transformations
35 Shape-Memory Alloy Devices Shape Memory Alloys: non-isothermal phase transformations non-adiabatic conditions
36 Shape-Memory Alloy Devices Shape Memory Alloys: non-isothermal phase transformations nearly adiabatic conditions
37 Future directions SMA Wires for TMDs nonlinear model for SMA wires under flexure with inter-strand friction Computational approach path-following for TMD optimization, best compromise between pseudoelastic dissipationa and interstrand friction design methodology Experiments cyclic loading tests and identifaction frequency-response curves of SMA TMD mounted on a 1 dof structure fatigue testing, temperature effects
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