Community Involvement Plan

Transcription

1 East Central Phoenix Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund (WQARF) Sites Phoenix, Arizona Community Involvement Plan Corner of 40 th Street and Osborn March 2013 ADEQ Document No. EQR 13-01

2 Introduction Site Overview The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality* (ADEQ) is committed to involving citizens in the cleanup of contaminated sites in Arizona. This document is unique because it addresses six of these sites which are collectively known as the East Central Phoenix (ECP) Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund (WQARF) Area. These sites are: 1) 24 th Street and Grand Canal Site 2) 32 nd Street and Indian School Road Site 3) 38 th Street and Indian School Road Site 4) 40 th Street and Indian School Road Site 5) 40 th Street and Osborn Road Site 6) 48 th Street and Indian School Road Site Since these sites are in close proximity to one another and share the same general community, one overall Community Involvement Plan (CIP) can most effectively describe ADEQ s role and public participation opportunities. Purpose of a CIP Under Arizona Revised Statutes (A.R.S.) (B) and , ADEQ is required to prepare a CIP before initiating or approving a work plan for the remedial investigation (RI) and feasibility study (FS) for a WQARF site. The purpose of a CIP is to provide a meaningful process for communication between ADEQ and the public. The CIP will accomplish this goal by: 1. ensuring public access to project information; 2. identifying opportunities for community members and other interested parties to participate in the decision making process associated with the environmental investigation and remediation of the site; 3. establishing a Community Advisory Board (CAB); 4. designating an ADEQ spokesperson; and 5. developing a plan for distributing project fact sheets to residents within the site's Community Involvement Area (CIA). East Central Phoenix CIP

3 CIP Overview This CIP is divided into four chapters: 1. Project Background A site description, overview of each site history and investigation conducted to date, public health and environmental impacts, and remedy selection. 2. Community Profile A profile of the community around the sites and key issues related to the project. 3. Community Involvement A description of previous and planned community involvement activities as required by A.R.S. or Arizona Administrative Code (A.A.C.), and communication methods. 4. Community Specific Considerations This chapter documents all site-specific community involvement activities and describes any additional community involvement activities that are deemed appropriate. The CIP will be reviewed regularly and revised as necessary. The ADEQ community involvement staff will review this plan with input from the CAB in response to changes in the project timeline, evolving public concerns, and public information requests. Information Sources and Disclaimer Information contained in this CIP was obtained from various sources that included: 1. Background and history ADEQ site reports and information from technical staff. 2. Interviews CAB members and other members of the public. 3. Demographic information City of Phoenix Neighborhood Notification Office, Arizona Department of Education, U.S. Census Bureau, and various city and state web sites. 4. Local Government Officials Phoenix City Council website; Maricopa County Board of Supervisors website, Arizona State Legislature website, and U.S. Senate and House of Representatives web sites. All phone numbers, addresses and contact names are subject to change after the date of this publication. The statistical data provided in the community demographics section is approximate information based on numbers provided from the various sources listed above. East Central Phoenix CIP

4 WQARF Overview Through the WQARF program, ADEQ identifies, assesses, and cleans up soil and groundwater that is contaminated with hazardous substances. WQARF was created by the Arizona Legislature under the Environmental Quality Act of 1986 to support environmental cleanup efforts in Arizona. Also known as "State Superfund," WQARF is administered by ADEQ to: 1. Monitor soil and groundwater contamination within WQARF Registry sites; 2. Perform emergency remedial actions (cleanups); and 3. Conduct site investigations and long-term remedial action programs. The WQARF program is funded with state monies, taxes, fees, and funds recovered from parties who have been determined to be responsible for the contamination. WQARF was amended in 1997 to include additional public notice and community involvement requirements which are discussed in Chapter 3. The statutes applied to the ECP sites to date have resulted in the following activities: *establishing the CIA *establishing an ADEQ spokesperson *holding public meetings *mailing fact sheets *establishing the CAB *publishing public notices *establishing information repositories *preparing the CIP ADEQ has established a registry of sites in Arizona where groundwater and/or soil contamination is known to be present and is to be remediated under the state's WQARF program. Sites appearing on this registry qualify for funds available from the state s WQARF program for investigation and/or cleanup of contamination. Sites on the registry are given a numeric score based in part upon the type of contaminant(s) present, the location of the contaminant(s), and the number of people that may be affected by the contaminant(s). The ECP study area was placed on the WQARF Priority List in 1987 with eligibility and evaluation scores. Below is a chart with the scores along with the year the site was added to the registry. Scores are out of a possible total of 120. Site Name Site Score Date Listed on Registry 24 th Street and Grand Canal 29 May nd Street and Indian School Road 29 May th Street and Indian School Road th Street and Indian School Road th Street and Osborn Road 30 May th Street and Indian School Road 27 April 1999 Scores are used to help determine relative risk at the site and do not necessarily mean there is a direct risk to humans or the environment. Major factors leading to these site's scores include the East Central Phoenix CIP

5 presence of tetrachloroethene (PCE), and trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater samples collected at levels which exceed the Arizona Aquifer Water Quality Standard (AWQS). Information Resources For further information regarding the ECP site, please contact: Wendy Flood, ADEQ Community Involvement Coordinator 1110 West Washington Street Phoenix, AZ or , Ext Fax: Information Repository Location An information repository of all existing public documents pertaining to the investigation will be placed in a publicly accessible location. Technical documents relating to future milestones in the investigation will also be made available to the public. The complete official information repository for the ECP WQARF Site is located at: Arizona Department of Environmental Quality Records Management Center 1110 West Washington Street Phoenix, AZ recordscenter@azdeq.gov Phone: Toll-free in Arizona: , Ext Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Please call to schedule an appointment and give at least 24-hour notice to review these documents. Once all documents requested have been collected, you will be contacted for a review during the hours shown above. East Central Phoenix CIP

6 ADEQ Website The web page address is To access information about the East Central Phoenix Site from the home page, click on Waste Programs, Superfund/WQARF Programs, Site Information and Maps, Phoenix Area Site Information and Maps and then choose which portion of the entire site you wish to view. Or, use the following link: East Central Phoenix CIP

7 Table of Contents List of Acronyms...1 Chapter 1 Project Background A. Site Description...2 B. Site Histories and Investigations...2 C. Public Health Impact...14 D. WQARF Remedy Selection Process...15 Chapter 2 Community Profile A. Community Involvement Area...16 B. Community Demographics...17 Chapter 3 Community Involvement A. Previous Community Involvement Activities...19 B. Community Issues and Concerns Environmental and Health Concerns Outreach Concerns...21 C. Community Involvement Rules and Statutes Notice of the Site Listing on the Registry Hazardous Substance Contamination Notice Establishment of a Selection Committee Community Advisory Board Availability of the RI Work Plan and the Solicitation of Information Regarding Foreseeable Uses Public Comment on the Draft RI Report Public Comment on Proposed RO and Availability of Final RI Report Availability of the FS Work Plan Availability and Opportunity to Comment on the PRAP Availability of the ROD and Responsiveness Summary Public Comment on the Operations and Maintenance Plan Public Notice of Request for Approval of Work Newsletters/Fact Sheets Public Meetings at Remedial Milestones Establishment of a Public Repository Public Notice of a Request for a Waiver Public Notice for Field Work That May Result in Off-Site Impacts Public Notice of a Request for Remedial Objectives Satisfaction Public Notice of CAB Meetings...25 D. Communication Techniques Written Information Verbal Communication...26 East Central Phoenix CIP

8 Chapter 4 Community Specific Considerations A. CAB Public Meeting Locations...27 B. Newsletter/Fact Sheet Publication Dates...27 C. Mailing and List...27 D. Future Community Involvement Activities...28 Appendices Appendix A Site Fact Sheets... Appendix B Site Boundary Map... Appendix C Community and Neighborhood Organizations... Appendix D Community Schools... Appendix E Local Government Officials... Appendix F East Central Phoenix WQARF Site Interview... Appendix G CAB Members... Appendix H Media Outlets... Appendix I Related Agencies and Contact Information... Appendix J Glossary of Terms... East Central Phoenix CIP

9 List of Acronyms A.A.C. Arizona Administrative Code ADEQ Arizona Department of Environmental Quality ADHS Arizona Department of Health Services A.R.S. Arizona Revised Statutes AMA Active Management Area AS Air Sparge AWQS Aquifer Water Quality Standards CAB Community Advisory Board CIA Community Involvement Area CIC Community Involvement Coordinator CIP Community Involvement Plan CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ECP East Central Phoenix EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERA Early Response Action FS Feasibility Study IRA Interim Remedial Action PCE Tetrachloroethylene, Tetrachloroethene, Perchloroethene PPA Prospective Purchase Agreement PRAP Proposed Remedial Action Plan RA Remedial Action RI Remedial Investigation RO Remedial Objectives ROD Record of Decision SRP Salt River Project SVE Soil Vapor Extraction TCE Trichloroethylene, Trichloroethene µg/l Micrograms per Liter µg/m 3 Micrograms per Cubic Meter of Air VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WQARF Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund East Central Phoenix CIP 1

10 Chapter 1 Project Background A. Site Description The ECP WQARF Area was split into the six sites listed below: 1. The ECP 24 th Street and Grand Canal Site s groundwater contamination plume boundary is an approximate circle about 400 feet in diameter encompassing Salt River Project (SRP) well 16E-6.8N. 2. The ECP 32 nd Street and Indian School Road Site has two separate areas of groundwater contamination. The plumes are approximately bounded by East Monterosa Street to the north, East Clarendon Avenue to the south, 32 nd Place to the east, and 30 th Street to the west. 3. The ECP 38 th Street and Indian School Road Site s groundwater contamination plume is approximately bounded by Indian School Road to the north, East Picadilly Road to the south, 38 th Street to the east, and 36 th Street to the west. 4. The ECP 40 th Street and Indian School Road Site s groundwater contamination plume is approximately bounded by Devonshire Avenue to the north, East Picadilly Road to the south, 40 th Street to the east, and 38 th Place to the west. 5. The ECP 40 th Street and Osborn Road Site s groundwater contamination plume boundary is an approximate circle about 400 feet in diameter encompassing SRP well 17.9E-7.5N. 6. The ECP 48 th Street and Indian School Road Site s groundwater plume boundary is approximate bounded by East Monterosa Street to the north, East Fairmont Avenue to the south, North 47 th Place to the east, and 45 th Street to the west. B. Site Histories and Investigations The ECP sites are subject to Arizona rules and statutes governing WQARF sites. Fact sheets detailing information on these sites may be found in Appendix A of this document. The ECP study area was placed on the WQARF Priority List in Activities have included researching facilities that used hazardous substances, installing and sampling groundwater monitoring wells, and distributing questionnaires concerning the use of hazardous substances. Private parties, overseen by ADEQ, have also conducted investigations. SRP reported contamination in three of their wells located within the study area. At several of the sites, contamination was discovered in association with several dry cleaners. ADEQ has generally conducted groundwater sampling events at the Site every six months. Currently, ADEQ has begun the RI process at all of the ECP sites. The RI process will determine the extent and nature of the contamination found at each site, attempt to identify any risks to humans and/or the environment, and identify appropriate remediation goals. Once the RI is complete, ADEQ will East Central Phoenix CIP 2

11 enter the FS stage which will analyze potential cleanup methods for achieving the cleanup goals determined during the RI. Site maps outlining the known and probable extent of the groundwater contamination are found in Appendix B of this document. The following text provides additional information that is specific to each area of the overall ECP Site: 24 th Street and Grand Canal From approximately 1985 through 1998, groundwater samples were generally collected by SRP from its well, 16.0E-6.8N, which is located east of the intersection of 24 th Street and Grand Canal. A sampling event conducted in January 1995 yielded the highest detection of PCE yet observed in the SRP well, a concentration of 8.8 micrograms per liter (µg/l). In May 2000, 24 th Street and Grand Canal was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 29 out of a possible 120. Groundwater sample collection from the SRP well has generally been conducted by ADEQ at 24 th Street and Grand Canal on a yearly basis with levels of PCE above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. Routine groundwater monitoring events were completed from 2002 through detected during these time frames at the following concentrations: PCE was Year Concentration µg/l µg/l µg/l µg/l µg/l In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the RI for 24th Street and Grand Canal. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2007, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 12 µg/l. In 2008, as part of a Prospective Purchaser Agreement (PPA), CVS Pharmacy conducted a limited site assessment at the former location of a dry cleaner on the northeast corner of 24 th Street and Thomas Road. As a condition of the PPA, CVS Pharmacy installed an onsite groundwater monitor well located northeast of the intersection of North 24th Street and East Thomas Road. The initial groundwater sample collected from the well had a PCE concentration of 170 µg/l. CVS Pharmacy also conducted a soil and soil vapor survey to 85 feet below ground surface (bgs). PCE concentrations in soil ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit to 0.20 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). The highest concentration of PCE detected in soil vapor was 2,000 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) from a sample collected from the groundwater monitoring well at 50 feet bgs. East Central Phoenix CIP 3

12 During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2008, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 12.0 µg/l. The groundwater monitor well located on the CVS Pharmacy property was sampled at multiple depths. The PCE concentrations ranged from 230 to 260 µg/l. No other work has been performed by ADEQ since. 32 nd Street and Indian School Road From 1989 through 1994, two underground storage tanks were excavated at 3201 E. Indian School Road, formerly Unocal #6453. During an investigation in 1994, a sample of the sludge from the western waste oil tank was analyzed and contained 68 mg/kg of PCE. Additionally, a soil sample collected from a depth of 12 feet bgs beneath the same tank contained 13 mg/kg of PCE. From approximately 1983 through 1998, groundwater samples were generally collected by SRP from its well, 17.0E-8.0N, which is located southwest of 3201 E. Indian School Road (formerly Unocal #6453). A sampling event conducted in January 1996 yielded the highest detection of PCE yet observed in the SRP well, a concentration of 82 µg/l. In May 2000, 32nd Street and Indian School Road was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 29 out of a possible 120. In June of that year, a limited Phase II investigation was conducted at the Maroney s Cleaners facility located at the northwest corner of 32nd Street and Indian School Road. The investigation included a soil vapor survey to 15 feet bgs and the installation and sampling of two groundwater monitor wells. The highest concentration of PCE detected in soil vapor was 15,000 µg/l from a sample collected at 15 feet bgs in the alley just north of Maroney s Cleaners. The highest detection of PCE in groundwater, 28 µg/l, was observed southwest of Maroney s Cleaners in the parking area. Since 2000, groundwater monitoring events have generally been conducted by ADEQ at 32nd Street and Indian School Road on a yearly basis with levels of PCE and/or TCE above the AWQS of 5.0 µg/l. In March 2003, an early response action (ERA) investigation was conducted at the former location of Viking Cleaners at 4029 North 32nd Street. The ERA included completion of four soil borings (two inside and two outside the former dry cleaning building) and the collection of soil gas and a groundwater sample. Results of this investigation indicated that a release of PCE had occurred and that the release had impacted groundwater. In April, air samples were collected from inside this building and the adjacent convenience mart. The Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) evaluated this data and provided a health consultation which determined that there was no risk to employees under current use scenarios. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2003, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 8.1 µg/l. The maximum PCE concentration observed in a groundwater monitor well west of the SRP well was 3,600 µg/l. East Central Phoenix CIP 4

13 In June 2004, a soil vapor extraction (SVE)/air sparge (AS) system was installed at the former location of Viking Cleaners. The SVE/AS unit became operational on Dec. 20, 2004 and ran periodically from 2004 through January 2008 and removed approximately 3,020 pounds of PCE. Soil vapor extraction pilot testing During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2004, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 4.6 µg/l, while the maximum PCE concentration observed in a groundwater monitor well southwest of the SRP well was 12,900 µg/l. In January 2006, an ERA investigation was conducted to determine what contamination remained in soil and groundwater near the Maroney s Cleaners facility. Three additional groundwater monitor wells were installed within the parking lot area surrounding Maroney s. The initial groundwater samples collected from the three wells indicated a maximum PCE concentration of 100 µg/l. Soil vapor samples collected during the monitor well drilling had a maximum PCE concentration of 468 µg/l in one well at a depth of 5 feet bgs. In the spring of 2006, as part of a PPA, the new property owner of the former location of Viking Cleaners installed four SVE wells inside the building. The wells were then connected to the SVE/AS system being operated by ADEQ. ADEQ installed a dual-nested groundwater monitoring well located west of the building. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE concentrations of 2.9 and 2.7 µg/l, respectively. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2006, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 5.0 µg/l, while the maximum PCE concentration observed in a groundwater monitor well southwest of the SRP well was 930 µg/l. In May 2007, a dual-nested groundwater monitoring well located south of the Maroney s Cleaners facility was installed. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE results that were below the AWQS of 5 µg/l. In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the RI for 32nd Street and Indian School Road. The SVE/AS system located at the former location of Viking Cleaners remained operational. By the end of January 2008, the SVE/AS system at the former location of Viking Cleaners had removed approximately 3,020 pounds of PCE. Since the treatment system had reached the appropriate cleanup criteria, the system was shutdown and removed from the site. In June 2008, ADEQ installed a second dual-nested groundwater monitoring well which was located west of the former dry cleaning building within East Fairmont Avenue. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE concentrations that ranged from 32 to 2,400 µg/l. Throughout 2008, ADEQ collected passive soil gas samples from 40 sites located within one city block west to southwest of the former location of Viking Cleaners. The qualitative PCE mass observed in those samples ranged from less than 25 nanograms (ng) up to 66,800 ng. East Central Phoenix CIP 5

14 During a routine groundwater monitoring event in late 2008, PCE was not detected in the SRP well above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. The range of PCE concentrations observed in groundwater monitor wells throughout 32nd Street and Indian School Road varied from less than the AWQS of 5 µg/l up to 2,900 µg/l. During 2010, ADEQ continued to collect passive soil gas samples from an additional 25 sites located within one and a half city blocks west to southwest of the former location of Viking Cleaners. The qualitative PCE mass observed in those samples ranged from less than 25 ng up to 546 ng. As a result of the qualitative PCE results, ADEQ installed 21 permanent triple-nested soil vapor monitoring wells along East Fairmont Avenue and North 31 st Street. The initial soil vapor samples collected from these wells had PCE and TCE concentrations that ranged from less than the laboratory s reporting limit to 36,000 micrograms per meter cubed (µg/m 3 ) and 210 ug/m 3, respectively. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in late 2010, PCE was not detected in the SRP well above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. The range of PCE concentrations observed in groundwater monitor wells throughout 32nd Street and Indian School Road varied from less than the AWQS of 5 µg/l up to 1,200 µg/l. During 2011, ADEQ installed five permanent triple-nested soil vapor monitoring wells at the former location of Viking Cleaners. The initial soil vapor samples collected from these wells had PCE and TCE concentrations that ranged from less than the laboratory s reporting limit to 350,000 ug/m 3 and 2,400 ug/m 3, respectively. As a result of the PCE and TCE results, ADEQ installed two SVE test wells and 10 SVE observation wells and conducted a SVE pilot test in December The results from the test suggest that SVE could be an effective treatment technology at the former location of Viking Cleaners. Based on the soil vapor sampling results in 2010 along East Fairmont Avenue and North 31 st Street, ADEQ installed two SVE test wells and six SVE observation wells and conducted SVE pilot tests in February and December The results from the tests suggest that SVE could be an effective treatment technology along East Fairmont Avenue and North 31 st Street. In April 2011, 10 permanent triple-nested soil vapor monitor wells were installed north of the Maroney s Cleaners facility. The initial soil vapor samples collected from these wells had PCE and TCE concentrations that ranged from less than the laboratory s reporting limit to 300,000 ug/m 3 and 3,800 ug/m 3, respectively. As a result of the PCE and TCE results, ADEQ conducted a SVE pilot test in June The results from the test suggest that SVE could be an effective treatment technology at the Maroney s Cleaners facility. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in late 2011, PCE was not detected in the SRP well above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. The range of PCE concentrations observed in groundwater monitor wells throughout 32nd Street and Indian School Road varied from less than the AWQS of 5 µg/l up to 1,400 µg/l. During the first half of 2012, ADEQ installed three SVE wells at the former location of Viking Cleaners in preparation for the installation of a SVE system. Eleven SVE wells and eight East Central Phoenix CIP 6

15 groundwater remediation pilot test wells were installed along East Fairmont Avenue and North 31st Street by May Also in May, an additional groundwater monitoring well was installed south of Fairmont Avenue on 30th Street Cone Penetrometer Testing (CPT) was also performed throughout the 32md Street and Indian School Road to investigate current hydrogeologic conditions. By February 2012, 12 SVE and 10 SVE observation wells were installed in preparation for the installation of a SVE system near the Maroney s Cleaners facility. 38 th Street and Indian School Road In 1989, a limited soil vapor survey was conducted by ADEQ to 30 feet bgs at the former locations of The Cleaners and Rose Formal Wear facilities located along the south side of Indian School Road between 36th and 38th Streets. One soil vapor sample was collected adjacent to each facility. The maximum concentrations of PCE detected in the soil vapor samples were 16,000 µg/l and 400 µg/l, respectively. In 1992, 11 soil borings were drilled adjacent to the former The Cleaners facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit to 0.17 mg/kg. ADEQ also installed three groundwater monitoring wells: one directly south and one directly east of former The Cleaners facility and one approximately 500 feet southwest of the former The Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well directly south of the former The Cleaners facility had a PCE concentration of 34,000 µg/l. Also during 1992, eight soil borings were drilled adjacent to the former Rose Formal Wear facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged were all less than the laboratory reporting limits of mg/kg. ADEQ also installed a groundwater monitoring well adjacent to the former Rose Formal Wear facility. The initial groundwater sample collected from the well had a PCE concentration of 350 µg/l. In 1994, ADEQ installed a dual-nested groundwater monitoring well near the intersection of Amelia Avenue and 36th Street. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE concentrations of 5.8 µg/l and less than the AWQS of 5 µg/l, respectively. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1994, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 1,600 µg/l. Throughout 1995, ADEQ installed an SVE system located adjacent to the former The Cleaners facility. The SVE system became operational in July and ran periodically through the beginning of August. The SVE system was shutdown to perform a soil vapor rebound test. By the end of August, the treatment system appeared to have reached the appropriate cleanup criteria; the system was shutdown in 1995 and removed from the site in In total, the system removed 7.7 pounds of VOCs. Routine groundwater monitoring was not conducted in In June 1996, ADEQ collected confirmation soil and soil vapor samples from three soil borings to a depth of 30 feet bgs located near the former The Cleaners facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory limit to 0.17 mg/kg. The soil vapor concentrations of East Central Phoenix CIP 7

16 PCE ranged from less than the laboratory limit to 140 µg/l. Based on the results, ADEQ concluded that the SVE system had reduced soil vapors in the vadose zone. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1996, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 2,700 µg/l. In May 1997, ADEQ collected several groundwater samples from two borings located within the vicinity of The Cleaners and Rose Formal Wear facilities. PCE in groundwater was detected in one boring with concentrations ranging from less than the laboratory limit to 12.9 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1997, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 1,700 µg/l. In 1998, 38th Street and Indian School Road was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 20 out of a possible 120. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1998, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 2,500 µg/l. Routine groundwater monitoring events were conducted in 2002 through 2006 with maximum PCE observed throughout the site in the following concentrations: Year Concentration µg/l µg/l µg/l µg/l µg/L No other work was performed by ADEQ, with the exceptions of the removal of the SVE system located adjacent to the former The Cleaners facility in In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the remedial investigation for 38th Street and Indian School Road. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2007, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 37 µg/l. In 2008, ADEQ installed an additional groundwater monitor well adjacent to an existing monitoring well, located west of the former Rose Formal Wear facility. The initial groundwater samples from the new well were collected from multiple depths; PCE was not detected in the well above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. The results from this sampling event indicate that the vertical extent of the plume has been assessed in this area. ADEQ conducted groundwater sampling in 2008 using passive diffusion bag samplers in the monitor wells. The maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 98 µg/l. No work was performed by ADEQ on the site from 2009 through East Central Phoenix CIP 8

17 40 th Street and Indian School Road In October 1989, a limited soil vapor survey was conducted by ADEQ near the intersection of 40th Street and Indian School Road. One soil vapor sample was collected north of the Kachina Cleaners facility at a depth of 16.5 feet bgs. The concentration of PCE detected in the soil vapor sample was 270 µg/l. A second soil vapor sample was collected north of the former Allen s Cleaners facility at a depth of 15.2 feet bgs. The concentration of PCE detected in the soil vapor sample was 370 µg/l. Fast Fact The Mission Statement for ADEQ s Remedial Projects Section is: To safeguard public health, protect the environment and restore natural resources through investigation and remediation of soil and groundwater that is contaminated with hazardous substances. In 1992, five soil borings were drilled adjacent to the former Allen s Cleaners facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit to mg/kg. ADEQ also installed three groundwater monitoring wells: one directly north, one directly west, and one approximately one-half mile miles south of the former Allen s Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the wells had PCE concentrations that ranged from less than the laboratory reporting to 8,700 µg/l. Since 1992, groundwater monitoring events have generally been conducted at 40th Street and Indian School Road on a yearly basis with levels of PCE above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. In 1993, one of the two solvent vaults was excavated from the former Allen s Cleaners facility and three vapor extraction wells were installed beneath the excavated area. From 1993 to 1994, ADEQ operated an SVE system to remove contaminated vapors from the vadose zone soil at a rate of approximately 0.22 pounds of PCE per day. Also in 1994, ADEQ installed a groundwater monitoring well near approximately 40 feet west of the Kachina Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater sample collected from the well had a PCE concentration of 55 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1994, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 31,000 µg/l. In 1996, nine soil borings were drilled in and around the Kachina Cleaners facility to conduct a soil and soil vapor survey. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit to mg/kg. The soil vapor concentrations of PCE ranged from 41 µg/l to 460 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1996, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 11,000 µg/l. During 1997, three soil borings were drilled in and around the former Allen s Cleaners facility to conduct a groundwater, soil, and soil vapor survey. PCE in groundwater was detected with concentrations ranging from less than the laboratory reporting limit to 316 µg/l. The soil samples did not contain detectable concentrations of PCE. The soil vapor concentrations of PCE ranged from 0.13 µg/l to 33 µg/l. ADEQ also installed four groundwater monitoring wells west of the former Allen s Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the wells had PCE concentrations that ranged from less than the laboratory reporting to 1,800 µg/l. East Central Phoenix CIP 9

18 Also in 1997, ADEQ collected several groundwater and soil samples from one boring located within the vicinity of the Kachina Cleaners facility. PCE in groundwater was detected with concentrations ranging from less than the laboratory reporting limit to 800 µg/l. The soil samples did not contain detectable concentrations of PCE. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1997, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 18,000 µg/l. In 1998, 40th Street and Indian School Road was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 20 out of a possible 120. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1998, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 37,000 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2002, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 22,000 µg/l. In 2003, ADEQ installed a groundwater monitor well in the alley between the former Allen s Cleaners facility and the Kachina Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE concentrations of 55 µg/l and 75 µg/l, respectively. As part of an ERA, ADEQ installed three SVE wells and six AS wells at the former Allen s Cleaners facility. The SVE/AS system became operational in November During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2003, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 5,900 µg/l. In 2004, the construction of the SVE/AS system located at the former Allen s Cleaners facility was completed and the system was started up in November. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2004, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 1,330 µg/l. In July 2005, the SVE/AS system located at the former Allen s Cleaners facility was shutdown and removed from the site. The SVE/AS system had removed approximately 33 pounds of PCE from the vadose zone soil throughout its operation. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2005, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 95 µg/l. During 2006, three soil borings were drilled near the Kachina Cleaners facility to conduct a groundwater, soil, and soil vapor survey. PCE in groundwater was detected with concentrations ranging from 1.2 µg/l to 400 µg/l. The soil sample concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory limit to 0.12 mg/kg. The soil vapor concentrations of PCE ranged from less than the laboratory limit to 6.7 µg/l. ADEQ also installed a groundwater monitoring well adjacent to the Kachina Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE concentrations that were less than the AWQS for PCE of 5 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2006, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Indian School Road was 78 µg/l. East Central Phoenix CIP 10

19 In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the remedial investigation for 40th Street and Indian School Road. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in the fall of 2007, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 38th Street and Indian School Road was 62 µg/l. In December 2007, ADEQ installed an additional groundwater well located on 39th Street north of Indian School Road. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had depthspecific PCE results that ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit up to 310 µg/l. In 2008, ADEQ installed two additional groundwater monitoring wells: one located on 39th Street north of Indian School Road and one located on Monterosa Street south of the former Allen s Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater samples collected from the wells had depthspecific PCE results that ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit up to 120 µg/l. No work was performed by ADEQ on the site from 2009 through th Street and Osborn Road From approximately 1983 through 2002, groundwater samples were generally collected by SRP from its well, 17.9E-7.5N, which is located west of the Osborn Road alignment and 40th Street. A sampling event conducted in January 1998 yielded the highest detection of PCE yet observed in the SRP well, a concentration of 210 µg/l. In May 2000, 40th Street and Osborn Road was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 30 out of a possible 120. In 2003, ADEQ installed a groundwater monitoring well in the Osborn Road alignment between 39th Street and 40th Street. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had PCE results that were below the AWQS of 5 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2003, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 110 µg/l. During routine groundwater monitoring events in 2005 and 2006, PCE was detected in the SRP well at concentrations of 41 µg/l and 28 µg/l, respectively. In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the remedial investigation for 40th Street and Osborn Road. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2007, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 24 µg/l. In spring and winter of 2008, ADEQ installed three additional groundwater monitor wells: two were located east of 40th Street along Weldon and Whitton Avenues and one was located in the Osborn Road alignment between 39th Street and 40th Street. The initial depth-specific groundwater samples collected from the wells had PCE results ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit to 110 µg/l. East Central Phoenix CIP 11

20 During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2008, PCE was detected in the SRP well at a concentration of 6.8 µg/l. The maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 40th Street and Osborn Road was 67 µg/l. No work was performed by ADEQ on the site from 2009 through th Street and Indian School Road In October 1989, a limited soil vapor survey was conducted by ADEQ to 15 feet bgs at 4730 East Indian School Road. One soil vapor sample was collected adjacent to the Sandy s Cleaners facility. The concentration of PCE detected in the soil vapor sample was 670 µg/l. In 1992, eight soil borings were drilled west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from mg/kg to mg/kg. A wastewater sample was collected from the facility s lint trap in which the measured PCE concentration was 150 µg/l. ADEQ also installed two groundwater monitoring wells: one directly west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility and one northwest of SRP s well 19.0E-8.1N. The initial groundwater sample collected from the well directly west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility had a PCE concentration of 2,300 µg/l. Since 1992, groundwater monitoring events have generally been conducted at 48th Street and Indian School Road on a yearly basis with levels of PCE above the AWQS of 5 µg/l. During 1994, one dual-nested groundwater monitor well was installed southwest of the Sandy s Cleaners facility on the Arcadia High School grounds. The initial groundwater samples collected from the well had shallow and deep PCE results that were below the AWQS of 5 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1994, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 3,000 µg/l. In 1996, 10 soil borings were drilled west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility. The soil concentrations of PCE ranged from mg/kg to 0.2 mg/kg. Soil vapor samples that were also collected had a maximum PCE concentration of 5,600 µg/l in one boring at a depth of 15 feet bgs. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 1996, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 4,000 µg/l. During 1997, ADHS evaluated the data collected in 1996 and provided a health consultation that determined that there was no risk to employees under current use scenarios. In May, ADEQ collected grab groundwater samples from five borings. The PCE concentrations in the samples ranged from less than the laboratory reporting limit up to about 2,500 µg/l. During routine groundwater monitoring events in 1997 and 1998, the maximum PCE concentrations observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 4,300 µg/l and 4,500 µg/l, respectively. East Central Phoenix CIP 12

21 In April 1999, 48th Street and Indian School Road was placed on the WQARF Registry with a score of 27 out of a possible 120. In December 2000, ADEQ and SRP entered into a governmental services contract in which ADEQ funded SRP to conduct an interim remedial action (IRA) at 48th Street and Indian School Road. Modeling conducted by SRP indicated that its well would be impacted by PCE from a nearby groundwater contaminant plume if the well pump was turned on. As an IRA, SRP would design and install a SVE system to remove soil vapor contamination from the subsurface. In the summer of 2001, as part of the IRA agreement, SRP installed two groundwater monitor wells east of the Sandy s Cleaners facility and one proposed groundwater extraction well west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility. The initial groundwater sample results were not provided by SRP. During the summer of 2004, SRP installed two SVE wells west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility and applied for a non-title V Air Quality Permit from Maricopa County for its SVE system. SRP received approval for its permit in August In February 2006, SRP began operating their SVE system which was installed west of the Sandy s Cleaners facility. By September 2006, the SVE system had removed approximately 248 pounds of PCE from the vadose zone. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2006, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 98 µg/l. In June 2007, ADEQ sent out notices per A.R.S initiating the RI for 48th Street and Indian School Road. As of the end of September 2007, approximately 295 pounds of PCE were removed from the vadose zone by SRP s SVE system. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2007, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 100 µg/l. By the end of March 2008, approximately 309 pounds of PCE were removed from the vadose zone by SRP s SVE system. In April 2008, ADEQ installed two additional groundwater monitor wells within 47th Street, north of Indian School Road. The initial groundwater samples collected from the wells had PCE results that were equal to and below the AWQS of 5 µg/l. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2008, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 33 µg/l. By July 2009, the SRP s SVE system had removed approximately 310 pounds of PCE from the soil in the vadose zone. In January 2009, ADEQ collected passive soil gas samples from approximately 14 sites located within North 45th Place, south of Indian School Road. The qualitative PCE mass observed in those samples ranged from less than 25 ng up to 1,576 ng. In 2010, SRP continued to operate their SVE system and as of June 2010, approximately 314 pounds of PCE have been removed from the soil in the vadose zone. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2010, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 370 µg/l. East Central Phoenix CIP 13

22 Inside cone penetrometer rig for testing subsurface soil. During 2011, ADEQ continued to collect passive soil gas samples from an additional 39 sites located adjacent to the Sandy s Cleaners facility and within North 45th Place, south of Indian School Road. The qualitative PCE mass observed in those samples ranged from less than 25 ng up to 3,512 ng. As a result of the qualitative PCE results, ADEQ installed 12 permanent single and triple-nested soil vapor monitoring wells adjacent to the passive soil gas sample locations. The initial soil vapor samples collected from these wells had PCE concentrations that ranged from 16 ug/m 3 to 59,000 ug/m 3. SRP continued to operate its SVE system and as of December 2011, approximately 319 pounds of PCE have been removed from the soil in the vadose zone. During a routine groundwater monitoring event in 2011, the maximum PCE concentration observed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road was 1,400 µg/l. During the first half of 2012, ADEQ installed seven SVE and six SVE observation wells adjacent to the Sandy s Cleaners facility in preparation for the modification, or replacement, of SRP s SVE system. ADEQ also conducted a SVE pilot test in February. The results from the test suggest that SVE would still be an effective treatment technology for the site. SRP decommissioned its SVE system in April 2012 in order for ADEQ to manage the construction, operation, and maintenance of a new SVE treatment system. ADEQ installed three additional groundwater monitoring wells south to southwest of the Sandy s Cleaners facility and conducted sampling of the soil vapor monitoring wells throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road. CPT was also performed throughout 48th Street and Indian School Road to investigate current hydrogeologic conditions. Additionally, a routine groundwater monitoring event was conducted in April The data from these various field events are not yet available. Additional information regarding the ECP Site is available on the ADEQ Web site at: C. Public Health Impact The primary contaminants known to be present at levels above regulatory limits within the ECP WQARF Area include the solvents TCE and PCE, which are present in the groundwater and in some soils. To date, the water at these sites is currently not used as part of the public drinking water system. The City of Phoenix, the public water provider, is required by law to provide water that meets all federal and state drinking water standards. The City of Phoenix conducts regular testing of the drinking water to ensure standards are met and to ensure safe drinking water is delivered to the community. East Central Phoenix CIP 14

23 The majority of risk associated with groundwater contaminated with PCE or TCE comes from long-term direct exposure to the water by ingestion. People who drink water containing PCE and TCE, in excess of the regulatory level, over many years, could experience problems with their livers, kidneys or nervous system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer. At this time, no one is known to be drinking the contaminated water. If you are using a private well in the site and your well has not been tested, contact ADEQ Project Manager Danielle Taber at (602) D. WQARF Remedy Selection Process This section describes the WQARF remedy selection process. Since each of the six sites is in varying stages of investigation, remedy selection (choosing a cleanup method) will occur as each project progresses. Once RIs are complete, feasibility studies, other data, and public comments will assist in the development of proposed and selected remedies. The CAB will also play an active role in the process. After the FS is completed for each site, a proposed remedial action plan (PRAP) will be completed which will detail ADEQ's recommendation for the final remedy at the site. ADEQ will issue a notice and hold a public meeting during the comment period to inform the public of the availability of the PRAP and to ensure that the public has an opportunity to comment on the plan. ADEQ will then complete a comprehensive responsiveness summary. Public notice will be provided on the availability of both the responsiveness summary and the record of decision (ROD) (A.A.C. R ). If significant changes are made to the remedial action plan as a result of the comments received, ADEQ will provide notice to the public. Please see Chapter 3, Section C of this document for a more detailed description of the remedial selection process. East Central Phoenix CIP 15