LED ve Aydınlatmadaki Geleceği. CANBERK TONGUC Regional Sales Manager WIN Fuarı 2011

Transcription

1 LED ve Aydınlatmadaki Geleceği CANBERK TONGUC Regional Sales Manager WIN Fuarı 2011

2 Gündem LED Teknolojisi Hakkında Çalışma Teorisi LED Paket Tipleri LED Teknolojisi Renkler LED Ömür Projeksiyonları Çok Disiplinli LED armatür tasarımı Durum Çalışması LED Standartları Gerçek LED Lümen Değeri vs Armatür Lümen Değeri Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 2

3 LED: Çalışma Teorisi PN Junction Noktasında yayılan Işık İki Material Red/Orn/Amber: AlInGaP Green/blue: InGaN Tek Renk Fosfor ile beyaz Renk Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 3

4 Reflector Traditional Lamp vs. LED Technology Bulbs: (light) (heat) LEDs: (light) viewing angle (light) Note: Lighting-class LEDs provide a thermal path, typical through-hole LEDs do not (heat) Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 4

5 LED Technology LED Chip: Determines raw brightness and efficacy Phosphor system: Determines color point and color point stability Package: Protects the chip and phosphor Helps with light and heat extraction Primary in determining LED lifetime Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 5

6 Visible Light Spectrum of Various Sources The Sun FL HID Incandescent Which one is closer to the Sun? Normalizing Incandescent to CRI = 100 makes the CRI scale somewhat arbitrary A new standard Color Quality System (CQS) is currently being set for ALL light sources LED Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 6

7 Color Rendering/Color Quality In Real Life CRI = 62 CRI = 93 CRI = 80 CRI = 92 Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 7

8 LED Testing Conspiracy? 25 ºC Test 25ms Time 85 ºC Test Now available * Y. ZONG, Y. OHNO, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NEW PRACTICAL METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF HIGH-POWER LEDS, p.4, CIE SYMPOSIUM, July 2008 Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 8

9 LED Bins in Context ~7-step MacAdams ANSI C78.377A ~2-step MacAdams Cree EasyWhite ~2/4-steps ~4-step MacAdams Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 9

10 Lighting Applications Have Varied Requirements Value OUTPUT & CONTROL QUALITY OF LIGHT RELIABILITY Flux and Efficacy Optical Control Color Quality (CRI) Color Consistency Color Stability Lumen Maintenance INDOOR OUTDOOR Omnidirectional, A-bulb Accent, Track, PAR, MR bulb Ceiling-mounted, Recessed Linear, Commercial, Retail Industrial, High Bay Roadway, Parking, Bollard Landscape PORTABLE Consumer High-end, High-output Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 10

11 Cool White (lumens/watt) Lighting Class LED Efficacy & Light Output Theoretical maximum for LED R&D Capability 186 LPW 208 LPW LPW XM-L HID Fluorescent 131 LPW 3 yrs XP-E XR-E XR-E XP-G High Volume Production 60 CFL LED Incandescent Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 11

12 Thermal Path is Critical to LED Lifetime 5mm LED Lighting-class LED No Thermal path Thermal path 5mm lamps have almost no thermal path R TH >350ºC/W typical Chip (T J ) and phosphor can essentially cook themselves Lighting-class LEDs are designed for high temp operation R TH <10ºC/W typical Lamp can stay within data sheet parameters with good thermal design Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 12

13 Trivia Point: 50,000 hours is: 137 Years at 1 hour/day 68.5 Years at 2 hours/day 34.2 Years at 4 hours/day 22.8 Years at 6 hours/day 17.1 Years at 8 hours/day 11.4 Years at 12 hours/day 5.7 Years at 24 hours/day Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 13

14 Lumen Output (%) High Quality LED Lifetime 110% 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 100 W Incandescent 5mm LED 42W CFL 50 W Tungsten Halide 400 W Metal Halide 25 W T8 Fluorescent Lighting-class LED 50% 40% Operating Time (k hrs) Courtesy LRC, Rensellaer Polytechnic Institute Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 14

15 Cost is a Learning Curve Also 100mm 150mm 2x increase in die per wafer Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 15

16 Semiconductor Reliability Testing Reliability test methods and acceptance criteria for semiconductor components have been standardized (JEDEC, EIAJ, others ) and practiced for decades Think: processors, regulators, microcontrollers, etc.. If you ve recently flown in an airplane, driven in a car, or talked on a cell phone, you ve trusted your life on this body of scientific work and testing Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 16

17 LEDs Last Forever!! [under ideal conditions] Well-designed systems with Lighting-class LEDs at low T A, T J will run a very, very long time Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 17

18 LED Lifetime Is Irrelevant System Lifetime is What Creates Value Heat Sink: Linchpin of the entire system. If this is poorly designed, all the other components can be compromised Driver: Currently the weakest point of the system, but the big companies are working on this LED Lamps: Practically never fail; depreciate very slowly in a well-designed system Optical Components: Can (rarely) yellow over time and lose light; system design choice Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 18

19 SSL Luminaire: Multi-Disciplinary Effort Electrical Integrated systems approach required LED light is different than existing light technologies Not intuitive at first Thermal Delivered lumens Delivered LPW Optical These charts are on all LED data sheets; familiarization with them is essential to good results Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 19

20 Lumens, LPW in the REAL World Case Study: Can Light, 650 lumens Warm white (3000K) XLamp XP-, Q2 LF Bin (87.4 lm) 700mA I F 1. Find 700mA point on relative intensity curve 2. Typical LF should be: LF = 87.4 lm * 175% LF = 154 lm EASY!! Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 20

21 Lumens, LPW in the REAL World, p.2 Case Study: Can Light, 650 lumens Warm white (3000K) XLamp XP-E, Q2 LF Bin (87.4 lm) 700mA I F 3. Determine your thermal pad temperature (T Junction ) Requires measurement Assume T J = 60 C LF = 154 lm * 87% LF = 134 lm EASY!! Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 21

22 Lumens, LPW in the REAL World, p.3 Case Study: Can Light, 650 lumens Warm white (3000K) XLamp XP-E, Q2 LF Bin (87.4 lm) 700mA I F 4. Find 700mA on V F curve V F = 25ºC 5. Calculate V 60ºC from data sheet (T COV ) V F = V F@25ºC (T COV (60-25)) V F = 3.36-(0.004(60-25)) V F = 60ºC 6. LPW = lumens / Watts = lumens / V F * I F = 134 / 3.22 * 0.7 = 59.6 LPW EASY (kind of )!! Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 22

23 Optical Losses Secondary Optics Diffuser Reflector Lens 80%-92% Efficient 75%-95% Efficient Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 23

24 Efficiency (%) Driver Losses Output Load (%) 75% - 93% Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 24

25 Lumens, LPW in the REAL World, p.4 Delivered Lumens, LPW = 134 * 86% (optical loss) = 115 lumens = 115/3.22 * 0.7 = 51 LPW, 6 LEDs needed, ~650 lm = 51 LPW * 80% (driver loss) = 41 LPW (wall-plug, delivered LPW) 7. Assume: 86% Efficient Diffuser 80% Efficient Driver Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 25

26 SSL Standards (U.S.) 4 years ago: Major objection to LED Today: RP-16 SSL Definitions ANSI C chromaticity IES LM SSL photometry IES LM Lumen Maintenance UL 8750 Safety Most of the major pieces are in place, many more on the way Being practiced and referenced widely by industry and government programs TBD UL 8750 LM-80 LM-79 ANSI C RP-16 SSL Definitions Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 26

27 Applications Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 27

28 The Los Angeles Story: Street Lighting Almost 30,000 lamps installed. Plan was to install 20K the first year, 30K in years 2-5 (140K total) all roadway lights Learning curve faster than expected Prices (both labor and fixture cost) came in cheaper than they had budgeted, and were able to do 23K within the time and budget of the first year. Energy savings was projected to be 40%, actual was 56%. They have had ZERO maintenance events Feedback from neighborhoods and especially police has been extremely positive. LA is 100% committed to LED for outdoor lighting. Los Angeles LED Conversion Program - La Mirada - Seaward to Wilcox Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 28

29 Los Angeles: Öncesi ve Sonrası Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 29

30 Benzinlik Aydınlatmaları Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 30 Kuruçeşme Opet

31 Dış Cephe Aydınlatma Pera Palas Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 31

32 İç Mekan Aydınlatma Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 32

33 Showroom Aydınlatma Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 33

34 Vitrin Aydınlatma Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 34

35 Fabrika ve Depo Aydınlatmaları Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 35

36 Garaj ve Otopark Aydınlatması A CİTY OUTLET AVM Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 36

37 Dış Mekan Otopark Aydınlatma Taksim Otopark Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 37

38 Zor Koşul Endustriyel Aydınlatma Çolakoğlu Metalurji A.Ş. Copyright 2010 Cree, Inc. pg. 38

39 Aydınlatmada Devrim Başladı İlginize Teşekkür Ederim.