LynX TM Silicon Photomultiplier Module - LynX-A T1-A User Guide Understanding Silicon Photomultiplier Module for improving system performance

Transcription

1 Application Notes User Guide Photon Detection LynX TM Silicon Photomultiplier Module - LynX-A T1-A User Guide Understanding Silicon Photomultiplier Module for improving system performance Overview Excelitas new LynX TM Silicon Photomultiplier Module is a compact, easy-touse, analogue low light level detection (L 3 D) module employing Excelitas leading-edge C30742 Series Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) chip in a hermetic TO-8 package with thermoelectric cooler, a stable voltage power supply circuit, and a low noise transimpedance amplifier. With this compact voltage output module, we have optimized the preamplifier gain to obtain maximum dynamic range and linearity with the SiPM at pre-set operating voltage. It outperforms other SiPM solutions in key performance such as higher photon detection efficiency (PDE) and better signal-to-noise ratio across the full 400 nm 900 nm wavelength spectrum. Excelitas new LynX TM SiPM Module is offered as a standard, commercial-offthe-shelf (COTS) product. It contains a 3x3 mm 2 active area SiPM with 50x50 µm 2 microcells for optimum fill factor and PDE. Other chip configurations are available upon request. In addition to our standard, off-the-shelf SiPM module, Excelitas also offers customized modules tailored from our standard designs. Depending upon customer requirements, modifications can include bandwidth optimization, FC-connectorized packaging, photon counting digital output and customized testing. Contents How to operate Pin description Operating instructions Applications Fluorescence measurement Analytical instrumentation Flow Cytometry Page 1 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

2 How to Operate the LynX TM Similarly to a photomultiplier tube (PMT), the LynX TM module operates at very high gains (> ) and was designed to be sensitive to optical powers in the range of 0.1 pw to 10 nw. It is thus recommended to operate the LynX TM in the dark. Since the LynX TM is based on solid-state technology, the sensitive surface of the photodetector won t be permanently damaged by exposition to a very high light output such as ambient light. Exposition to ambient light when the photodetector is in Geiger mode will simply saturate the module output. Applying the -5V/+5V supplies turns on the module and makes it sensitive to light. Adding the +2V will activate the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) and lower down the noise level of the module. If those three voltages are setup properly, the LynX TM responsivity and NEP (Noise Equivalent Power) will be the ones written in the specification sheet at the specified wavelength (see Table 1). When operated in complete darkness, the current read from the power source should be the one specified in the specification sheet. Table 1 Specification of LynX TM Module Characteristic Measured Value Units Comment Factory set Vop V Vbias mon value Responsivity V/nW measured at Vop NEP fw/(hz) 1/2 measured at Vop Output offset voltage mv measured at Vop +5V current ma measured at Vop -5V current ma measured at Vop If the gain of the LynX TM is to be adjusted to lower or higher the responsivity, it is recommended to use one of the two wiring connection illustrated in the spec sheet (see Figure 1 and 2 below). Voltage Gain adjustment Figure 1: Voltage-Gain adjustment SiPM Module Voltage input (red) Voltage input (black) Voltage input (orange) Ground (green) Vbias set (brown) Vref (white) Vbias mon (blue) Multimeter Power Supply + 5 V - 5 V + 2 V -2.5 to 2.5 V Wiring scheme to control the gain with an additional voltage applied on the module. Useful if the gain of various module has to be matched or modified. Input Page 2 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

3 SiPM Module Resistance Gain adjustment Power Supply Figure 2: Resistance-Gain adjustment Wiring scheme to control the gain with an external resistance. Voltage input (red) Voltage input (black) Voltage input (orange) Ground (green) Vbias set (brown) Vref (white) Vbias mon (blue) Multimeter + 5 V - 5 V + 2 V Ext. Trimmer 50kOhm Input The change of voltage can be monitored by reading V bias mon with a multimeter. When using the voltage gain adjustment method, V bias set input adjusts the voltage of the SiPM chip approximately as V bias mon x scaling factor is then the real bias applied on the chip. V bias set input impedance is approximately 1Mega Ohm as provided in the input port equivalent schematic: It is recommended to keep V bias set within +/- 2.5 V providing a variation of approximately +/ V on the SiPM detector. Although the responsivity change with the external bias applied is not a true linear relationship, it can be approximated by 0.25 V/nw x V bias set (see Figure 3 and 4). The reasons for this non-linear relationship are caused mainly by the increase of cross-talk and afterpulsing with the voltage applied on the chip and the logarithmic relationship between photon detection efficiency and the voltage applied. Page 3 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

4 Figure 3: Responsivity vs. V bias set for different wavelengths of a typical LynX TM module. Figure 4: Responsivity vs. Wavelength for different V bias set values of a typical LynX TM module. Page 4 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

5 Increasing the responsivity of the module by applying more voltage on the SiPM chip will also increase the dark counts (or dark current) on the chip and increase the noise or noise equivalent power (NEP) (Figure 5). Figure 5: NEP vs. Vbias set for different wavelengths of a typical LynX TM module. Page 5 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

6 Pin description (1) Ground Signal (BNC connector) The ground signal from the BNC. (2) Vbias mon (purple wire) This wire can be connected to a multimeter in order to monitor the applied voltage on the SiPM chip. If gain adjustment has to be applied on the LynX TM or optimization procedures of responsivity are implemented, the reading of this value with a multimeter can be useful. (3)-(9) Ground (green wire) Ground signal normally connected to power supply. (4) -5 V (black wire) This wire is connected to a -5V dc power supply. (5) +5 V (red wire) This wire is connected to a +5V dc power supply. (6) Signal output (BNC connector) This is the signal output of the module, it can be connected to any reading signal reading apparatus. (7) Vref (white wire) This wire can be connected to a potentiometer if the resistance gain adjustment scheme is used. (8) Vbias Set (brown wire) This wire is used in both voltage and resistance gain adjustment. If used in the voltage gain adjustment, a value of -2.5 V to +2.5 V can be applied to it to lower or higher the gain. See Figure 1 for the wiring scheme. (10) +2 V (orange wire) This wire is used to power the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) cooling down the SiPM chip. This will lower down the temperature on the chip and lower considerably the noise of the module. Page 6 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

7 Operating Instructions 1. Connection to incorrect voltage or reverse voltage may damage or destroy the module. The warranty is invalid where such damage occurs. 2. The module dissipates a mean power of 1.25W and a maximum power of 2W at higher light intensity. Adequate heat sinking must be provided by clamping the module to a suitable heat sink via the holes in the module. Module Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Pos. Supply Voltage V Neg. Supply Voltage V Pos. Supply current ma Neg. Supply current ma TEC voltage supply V TEC supply current ma Analog Output Voltage High impedance 50 Ohm V V 1.0 V/nW Bandwidth 1 MHz NEP 0.5 fw/(hz) 1/2 Settling time 15 s Output offset voltage mv Storage Temperature C Operating Temperature C Safety Warning The LynX TM contains a high voltage power supply. Users may be injured if the case is opened. All internal settings are pre-set; there are no internal user adjustments. Units that appear defective or have suffered mechanical damage should not be used because of possible electrical shorting of the high voltage power supply. Opening the case may damage sensitive components and expose the user to the risk of electrical shock. Please contact factory for repairs. Page 7 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev

8 About Excelitas Technologies Excelitas Technologies is a global technology leader focused on delivering innovative, customized solutions to meet the lighting, detection and other highperformance technology needs of OEM customers. From analytical instrumentation to clinical diagnostics, medical, industrial, safety and security, and aerospace and defense applications, Excelitas Technologies is committed to enabling our customers' success in their specialty end-markets. Excelitas Technologies has approximately 3,000 employees in North America, Europe and Asia, serving customers across the world. Excelitas Technologies Dumberry Road Vaudreuil-Dorion, Quebec Canada J7V 8P7 Telephone: (+1) Toll-free: (+1) Fax: (+1) Detection.na@excelitas.com European Headquarters Excelitas Technologies GmbH & Co. KG Wenzel-Jaksch-Str. 31 D Wiesbaden Germany Telephone: (+49) Fax: (+49) detection.europe@excelitas.com Asia Headquarters Excelitas Technologies 47 Ayer Rajah Crescent #06-12 Singapore Telephone: (+65) Fax: (+65) detection.asia@excelitas.com For a complete listing of our global offices, visit Excelitas Technologies Corp. All rights reserved. The Excelitas logo and design are registered trademarks of Excelitas Technologies Corp. LynX is a trademark of Excelitas Technologies Corp. All other trademarks not owned by Excelitas Technologies or its subsidiaries that are depicted herein are the property of their respective owners. Excelitas reserves the right to change this document at any time without notice and disclaims liability for editorial, pictorial or typographical errors. Page 8 of 8 App.Note SiPM Module User Guide Rev