Ministry of Disaster M a n a g e m e n t a n d Relief SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

Transcription

1 Ministry of Disaster M a n a g e m e n t a n d Relief AJLAS SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH For Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail City Corporation/ Paurashava Areas, Bangladesh

2 Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Atlas Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh for Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail City Corporation / Paurashava Areas, Bangladesh

3 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh for Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail city corporation / paurashava areas, Bangladesh First Published in May 2015 Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh Building 04 Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Website: Fax: info@modmr.gov.bd MoDMR 2015 All rights reserved. Reproduction, copy, transmission, or translation of any part of the publication may be made with the priorwritten permission of the publisher. Edited by: Prof. Dr. Shamim Mahabubul Haque Urbon Risk Reduction Specialist, CDMPII Layout 8c Cover design: Mr. W K C Kumarasiri Asian Disaster Preparedness Center Printed by Evergreen Printing and Packaging SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

4 Unlike most natural disasters prediction of eathquake is very complex. It requires highly technical and sophisticated knowledge gathered through scientific research. Due to the geological set up Bangladesh is under tremendous threat o f impending devastating earthquake that could be generated from any of the regional active faults, located within the country and/or its immediate vicinity. Rapidly growing of urban population, proliferation of high density unplanned urban agglomerations and, improper designed and poorly constructed urban dwellings and infrastructure are having compounding effects on the urban disaster vulnerability landscape to a great extent. In the backdrop of such a situation, it is a very timely initiative by Comprehensive Disaster Management Programmee (CDMP II), a programme of Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, to commission earthquake risk assessment of major cities and paurashavas of Bangladesh and publishing this Atlas on "Seism ic Risk Assessment of Bangladesh compiling outputs of the assessments undertaken in this regard. In Bangladesh our response towards any Imminent earthquake disaster mainly would be to increase our preparedness to a level so that vulnerabilities of city dwellers and city infrastructure are reduced, and resilience of individuals, communities and above all local government institutions are increased. building of relevant institutions. These can be achieved through information sharing, awareness raising and capacity CDMP's investment in generating scientific information on earthquake risk assessment had been substantial over the years and the sheer amount of information generated had been tremendous. This Atlas, a compiled handy form of information generated, could be used for ready references in decision making, planning and designing of risk reduction interventions, in scientific research, in city and infrastructure management, and above all In the awareness building of city dwellers. All of these would lead to the building of resilient urban space and also of resilient urban communities. I would like to take this opportunity to thank both national and international professionals who worked relentlessly to publish this very valuable document for the country Md. Shah Kamal Secretary Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR)

5 mm B Q Empowered lives. Resilient nations. M essage Bangladesh s rapid urbanization and steady progress towards middle-income-country status means that today, more than ever, the resilience of the country's urban centers is vital to the continued well-being of its people and its continued development. It is therefore with great pleasure that I welcome the publication of this atlas of seismic risk assessment in Bangladesh. This atlas presents extensive and detailed data on earthquake hazards, risks and vulnerabilities of six major cities and municipalities. It is the product of a risk research and assessment effort as-yet unparalleled in Bangladesh, providing a thorough and detailed knowledge base for both decision-making and future research and updates. Having not only enough, but also the right type of knowledge is crucial in securing the lives and livelihoods of people residing in disaster-prone areas. The relative infrequency of earthquakes makes it hard for those who have not the lived experience or specialist expertise to make the right decisions. Having a repository of data and knowledge should enable Bangladesh to not only 'build back better1 in the event of an earthquake - but to be able to build better in the first place. The results from the technical and multi-disciplinary research - including studies of seismic fault-lines, geological and structural vulnerabilities - presented in this atlas create a strong basis to develop key policy instruments and demonstrate the need for urgent implementation of these. I hope that this atlas will be actively and frequently consulted by decision-makers, becoming a resource not only to disaster risk reduction professionals, but also to local government officials, development professionals, planners, and researchers across the board. The publication of this atlas is an achievement that would not have been possible without the support, participation and dedication of the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, the Comprehensive Disaster Management Program team, and numerous national and international experts and professionals. I extend my heartfelt congratulations and thanks to all those who have contributed to the extensive process of gathering, assessing and presenting the data in this atlas. The hard work of all the contributors will benefit decision-makers, professionals, and most importantly - the people of Bangladesh for years to come. Pauline Tamesis Country Director UNDP Bangladesh SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

6 M ess a g e It is really very pleasing to know that Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II), has taken initiative to publish an Atlas on Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh compiling results of the assessments undertaken in 6 major cities and paurashavas of Bangladesh. This is in fact the first of its kind in Bangladesh produced from very comprehensive scientific studies conducted over last four years. Bangladesh is an earthquake prone country, due its proximity to major regional faults and underlying physical, social and economic vulnerabilities. Risk of any impending earthquake is increasing for the urban centers of the country in every passing moment. Taking appropriate preparedness measures to minimize the devastating effects of any impending earthquake is high on the agenda of the Government of Bangladesh. However, in designing and implementing appropriate interventions on earthquake risk reduction the necessity of having scientific information had been a long overdue. CDMP s current initiative of publishing this atlas therefore could be viewed as a right step towards a right direction. Department of Disaster Management is one of the implementing arms of the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief for dealing with disaster management activities in Bangladesh. The department has a network of professionals working across the country. This very important knowledge product will definitely help its professionals to take risk- informed decisions in their everyday businesses. Besides, since DDM is the safe depository of disaster management related knowledge products and documents, and, is the institutional memory for MoDMR, this valuable document will be an important inclusion which could be used for a ready reference for the researchers and professionals. I would encourage planners, development professionals and all concerned citizens to make best use of this atlas, so that, working together we can make our cities and towns more resilient. I express my heartfelt thanks to UNDP and other development partners for supporting CDMP II to conduct various high quality studies, and specially, on earthquake risk assessment of 6 very vulnerable cities and paurashavas of Bangladesh and to publish this very valuable Atlas. Md. Reaz Ahmed Director General(Additional Secretary) Department of Disaster Management (DDM)

7 Pr eface Bangladesh is recognized as one of the most vulnerable countries of the world with regard to earthquake disaster due to its geographical location, unabated and unplanned growth of urban settlements and infrastructure, and ever increasing urban population. Current trend of urbanization is likely to increase earthquake vulnerability of the country, specifically to major urban centers, located very close to the major active faults of the region to many folds. Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme of Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief for the first time in the country initiated comprehensive earthquake risk assessment during its phase I and continued the endeavor in phase II which is designed and being implemented to reduce Urban Disaster Risks. A wide range of high quality scientific studies, including earthquake Hazard Identification, Risk and Vulnerability Assessment, Risk Informed Landuse and Contingency Planning have been conducted by the eminent national and international professionals, and well reputed agencies from home and abroad. The Atlas on "Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh" for 6 highly vulnerable cities/ paurashavas of Bangladesh is a consolidated output of all these efforts. The Atlas has been developed with the intention o f assisting the policy makers, government officials, planners working in various Ministries and Departments, academicians and researchers, house owners and developers to understand the earthquake vulnerabilities of respective cities and paurashavas of the country, which would enable them to take risk informed decisions for planning, designing and constructing urban infrastructure to reduce urban disaster risk to a great extent. I firmly believe this Atlas would contribute immensely to the existing national knowledge pool On seismic hazard and related vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. Besides, at practitioners level it would help in taking pro-active and targeted preparedness initiatives, which are needed to achieve our much cherished dream of 'paradigm shift (from response to risk reduction) in disaster management of the country. I congratulate the professionals working in CDMP and other agencies for the sincere efforts they put together for publishing this Mohammad Abdul Qayyum Additional Secretary & National Project Director Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

8 A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme II (CDMP II) acknowledges the contribution and wonderful spirit of cooperation from all concerned strategic partners of CDMP II, particularly the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) for the successful completion of the Atlas on Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh describing the underlying threat, vulnerability, risk and potential damage due to earthquake in Rajshahi, Rangpur city corporation and Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, and Tangail Paurashava areas. Special thanks are due to Mohammad Abdul Qayyum, Additional Secretary and the National Project Director of CDMP II, and, the Urban Risk Reduction Team of CDMP II fo r their continuous following up, guidance and advice to ensure that the Atlas is o f a high standard. The Atlas development process was inspired by MoDMR. Continuous encouragement from UNDP had always been there. Technical guidance from the Technical Advisory Croup, and contribution of a good number of national and international professionals, who worked hard on the assignment, had been very instrumental in the development and publishing o f this Atlas, and, is appreciated. CDMP II also recognizes the contribution and support from respective City Corporations and Paurashavas. It is important to note that this Atlas is a living document, and, therefore, there is an expectation of further improvement in future based on continuous research in many relevant disciplines. It is now hoped and expected that intended end user of the atlas, the planners, engineers and developers, working in these six cities will apply the knowledge in pursuit of a safer Bangladesh. Peter Medway Project Manager Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

9 S E IS M IC R IS K A S S E S S M E N T IN B A N G L A D E S H

10 FROM EDITOR S DESK Urbanization has a great influence on the role disaster risk plays across the world. In the low and lower-middle income countries, new urban development is increasingly more likely to occur on hazard prone land, namely, in floodplains and other low-lying areas, along fault lines, and on steep slopes. In addition to settling in hazard prone areas, much of the building construction that occurs is unregulated and unplanned, placing vulnerable populations, who settle on hazard prone land, at increased risk. Bangladesh is no exception to these trends. Since the country is projected to experience rapid urbanization over the next several decades, it is imperative for the policy makers and urban managers to plan for new urban developments with proper integration of disaster risk information and pertinent risk management options into the urban planning and construction processes. In recent years, Bangladesh has made significant progress in integrating flood risk management in both physical and social development initiatives. There is however, increasing disaster risk from other impending hazards like Earthquakes. Since most of the major cities in Bangladesh are growing rapidly without proper development control, the anticipated risk for the people and infrastructure are gradually increasing. It is within this context the MoDMR along with the project partners of CDMP II saw the need to develop a Seismic Risk Assessment for growing urban areas in Bangladesh. The project, Seismic Risk Assessment for the Six Major Cities and Municipalities (i.e. Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail) in Bangladesh is the first major step towards identifying the potential earthquake risks for the major cities and devise possible planning and preparedness initiatives for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Current initiative of Seismic Risk Assessment includes scientific assessments of seismic hazard that is looming on to these cities, their vulnerabilities and risks, and above all, portraying of probable damage scenarios that could be experienced by these cities in case of any impending earthquake. State of the Art technologies and scientific methodologies have been used to assess the seismic hazard, vulnerabilities and risks of the cities and municipalities under the current project. In order to perform rigorous seismic hazard analysis, all available information of historical earthquakes, tectonic environment, and instrumental seismic data were gathered. In this study probabilistic assessment of two ground motion parameters, namely, horizontal Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Spectral Acceleration (SA) values at 0.2s and 1.0s with return periods of 43, 475, and 2475 years were conducted. However, in this Atlas Scenario of 475 year return period, which is recommended as design base for National Building Code, is presented. A good number of geotechnical and geophysical investigations were conducted for preparation o f Engineering Geological Map, Soil Liquefaction maps for seismic hazard assessment and for damage and loss estimation. The investigations include boreholes with SPT, PS Logging, MASWand SSM, Microtremor Array and Single Microtremor assessments. Damage and risk assessment for seismic hazard provide forecasts of damage and human and economic impacts that may result from earthquake. Risk assessments of general building stock, essential facilities (hospitals, emergency operation centers, schools) and lifelines (transportation and utility systems) using the HAZUS software package were conducted in this study. HAZUS was developed by the United States' Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS). It is a powerful risk assessment software program for analyzing potential losses from disasters on a regional basis. For risk assessment analyses of the six City Corporation /Paurashava areas, defaults databases for the united States were replaced with Bangladesh databases of the 6 cities/municipalities.

11 Reputed experts from both home and abroad, under the guidance of very well known and reverend group of professionals of the country in the Technical Advisory Croup for the project, worked relentlessly for years to generate scientific information required for these assessments. Information generated were duly cross checked and scientifically verified. This Atlas mainly presents the summary of the assessment findings of different components under the project. Main objective o f the Atlas is to provide decision makers, and, city planners and managers with a compiled and handy set of information on the current situation of the respective sectors in the cities in terms of vulnerability and risk to facilitate more informed and effective development decision making. This atlas contains altogether 5 Chapters. Unlike traditional atlases, a brief description on natural disasters in Bangladesh and a general overview of disaster management of the country, discussed in chapter One would help readers to understand seismic risk assessment and management in context of entire gamut of disaster management of the country. Geological setting, seismic hazard and history of seismicity in Bangladesh-issues described in chapter Two would provide readers with a clear view of seismic activities, their origins and hazard potentials in and around the country. Chapter Three, the major part of the atlas, presents seismic vulnerability and risk assessment results of 6 cities/ municipalities along with a brief discussion on Initiatives taken so far on seismic research in Bangladesh and methodology adopted in the current study for seismic hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment. Chapter Four presents different preparedness initiatives, like preparation of Spatial Contingency Plan, simulation drill, capacity building initiatives, so far been taken by the Government of Bangladesh. These would help raising awareness among local government officials, change agents, CBOs and the communities on preparedness initiatives and devising right kind of interventions to be taken for any impending seismic disaster. Chapter Five describes the way forward for future initiatives with regard to seismic preparedness for the country. These assessment results included in the Atlas are expected to help in reducing underlying risk factors for these cities, in promoting the preparedness initiatives and enhancing emergency response capabilities of the key GOB organizations, humanitarian aid agencies, development partners, decision makers, and above all, in increasing awareness o f city dwellers. The assessment results are expected to be further integrated into the physical planning process of these cities in future, and would also provide useful inputs into construction regulation and practices in order to develop risk resilient built environment. Along with this Atlas a good number of different reports have been produced under the current initiative of CDMP ll. All these reports are available at e-library of CDMP II and available at its website ( Maps presented in this document can be used as reference only, for more detail, it is however, recommended to consult main reports. Prof. Dr. Shamim Mahabubul Haque Urban Risk Reduction Specialist Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

12 C ontributors Te c h n ic a l A dvisory G roup Research T eam Prof. Dr. Jamilur Reza Choudhury, Vice Chancellor, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh Mr. Mohammad Abdul Qayyum, Additional Secretary and National Project Director, CDMP-II Prof. Dr. Syed Humayun Akhter, Chairman, Department of Geology, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Prof. Dr. Mehedi Ahmed Ansary, Department of Civil Engineering, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh Prof. Dr. A. S. M. Maksud Kama), Chairman, Department of Disaster Science and Management, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Prof. Dr. Raquib Ahsan, Department of Civil Engineering, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh Prof. Dr. Tahmeed M. Al-Hussaini, Department of Civil Engineering, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh Mohammad Abu Sadeque PEng., Director, Housing and Building Research Institute, Bangladesh Reshad Md. Ekram Ali, Director, Geological Survey of Bangladesh Dr. K. Z. Hossain Taufique, Deputy Director, Research and Coordination, Urban Development Directorate Dr. AAM Shamsur Rahman, Bangladesh Earthquake Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh Prof. Dr. Shamim Mahabubul Haque, Urban Risk Reduction Specialist, CDMP-II Prof. Kerry Edward Sieh, Earth Observatory of Singapore, Singapore Prof. Pennung Wamitchai, AIT, Thailand Mr. N.M.S.I. Arambepola, Team Leader, ADPC, Thailand Dr. Peeranan Towashirapom, ADPC, Thailand Dr. Jun Matsuo, OYO, Japan Dr. Anat Ruangrassamee, Chulalongkom University, Thailand Dr. Teraphan, AIT, Thailand Mr. Fumio Kaneko, OYO, Japan Mr. Ramesh Guragain, NSET, Nepal Mr. Jahangir Kabir, Data Experts Limited, Bangladesh Ms. Marjana Chowdhury, CDMP-II Salma Akter, Deputy Director, GSB, Bangladesh Md. Anisur Rahman, ADPC, Bangladesh Ms. Nirmala Fernando, ADPC, Thailand Mr. Khondoker Colam Tawhid, ADPC, Bangladesh Md. Nurul Alam, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. Muhammad Murad Billah, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. Md. Rejaur Rahman, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. W. K. Chathuranga Kumarasiri, ADPC, Bangladesh Ms. Maria Haque Prama, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. Aftub-Uz Zaman, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. Muhammad Hasan Faisal Bhuiyan, ADPC, Bangladesh Mr. Md. Shahab Uddin, AIT, Thailand SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

13 In f o r m a t io n abo ut the P r o je c t The project Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh" was initiated by the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) under the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MaDMR) of the Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh. The Programme is funded by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), European (EU), Norwegian Embassy, UKaid, Swedish Sida and Australian Aid. The study was conducted in two phases, CDMP I ( ) and CDMP II ( ). In phase I seismic risk assessments were conducted for Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet city corporation areas, while in phase II assessments were conducted for Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail city corporation/municipal areas. The main objectives of the project has been to understand the prevailing earthquake hazard in the national context; to understand the vulnerability and risk related to earthquake in the major cities of the country; and to undertake initiatives for earthquake preparedness and capacity building in accordance with requirements at, National, City, Community and Agency levels. The project has specifically addressed the following issues: Earthquake hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment for the major cities in Bangladesh. Preparation of earthquake Contingency Plans for National, City, Agency and Community levels, based on scenarios developed from risk assessment results. Training and capacity building activities targeting groups like students and teachers, masons and bar binders, religious leaders, decision makers, and the first responding agencies in different cities in Bangladesh. Development of Risk Communication Strategies based on the risk assessment case studies, and implementation of these using modem technologies and approaches. Pr o je c t Partners The Project was implemented by the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (Center) Thailand in association with OYO International Corporation Japan, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) Thailand, National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET) Nepal and Data Experts Limited (datex) Bangladesh. The project was also supported by the Department of Disaster Management (DDM), Geological Survey of Bangladesh (GSB), Urban Development Directorate (UDD), Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defense (BFSCD), Dhaka University, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUFT), Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET), Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET), Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC), Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC), Chittagong City Corporation (CCC), Sylhet City Corporation (SCC), Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC), Rajshahi Development Authority (RDA), Rangpur City Corporation (RpCC), Mymensingh Paurashava, Dinajpur Paurashava, Tangail Paurashava and Bogra Paurashava. adpc d a t ' E x o v o

14 1 A bout the A tlas This Atlas contains basic information about the hazards and disaster management system in Bangladesh. The main focus of the atlas is the earthquake history of the country and the region, earthquake hazard in context of Bangladesh, and earthquake vulnerability and risk with regard to papulation, infrastructure, building stock, and emergency facilities in six major cities / Paurashavas (municipalities), including potential damage and loss estimation. The main objective of the Atlas is to provide decision makers with information on the current situation of the respective sectors in the cities in terms of vulnerability and risk- The study on seismic hazard assessment considered Probabilistic Assessment in terms of PGA at 43, 475, and 2475 year return periods. Two scenarios have been developed for each of the return periods. However, in this Atlas, scenarios of a 475 year return period- recommended as design base under the Building Code- is also presented. Different types of exposure maps have been developed for all the cities included in the current assessment. Scenario maps (i.e., maps of likely concrete & masonry building damage, liquefaction susceptibility, likely infrastructure damage maps etc.) have been developed based on the risk assessment tools used in the assessment. Furthermore, the Atlas also contains a brief discussion of the different initiatives for earthquake risk reduction and enhancing earthquake disaster preparedness implemented as part of MoDMR s CDMP II activities. Detailed methodology, discussions, results are available in the documents listed in Annex-2 Seismic Risk Assessment: Available Research Documents in Bangladesh This Atlas will assist the government departments in improving the Earthquake Risk Management system in their respective work areas. It will also provide useful input to the formulation of policies and regulations to relevant sectors and their proper implementation. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

15 A c r o n y m s ADPC Asian Disaster Preparedness Center FPOCG Focal Points Operational Co-ordination Group AFD Armed Forces Division FSCD Fire Service and Civil Defence AIT Asian Institute of Technology GIS Geographic Information System ASC Amateur Seismic Centre GoB Government of Bangladesh ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers GPS Global Positioning System BDRCS Bangladesh Red Crescent Society GSB Geological Survey of Bangladesh BFSCD Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defence HAZUS Hazards United States BNUS Bangladesh Network for Urban Safety HFT Himalayan Frontal Thrust BTCL Bangladesh Telecommunication Company Limited IMDMCC Inter-Ministerial Disaster Management Coordination Committee BUET Bangladesh University o f Engineering and Technology ICUS International Center fo r Urban Safety Engineering BWDB Bangladesh Water Development Board IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change CCC Chittagong City Corporation JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency CCDMC City Corporation Disaster Management Committee LGED Local Government Engineering Department CDM P Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme M ASW Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves CHTDF Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Facility MoFDM Ministry of Food and Disaster Management CPPIB Cyclone Preparedness Programme Implementation Board MODMR Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief CPP Cyclone Preparedness Programme MW Moment Megnitude CSDDW S Committee for Speedy Dissemination of Disaster Related Warning/Signals NCEE National Center for Earthquake Engineering DatEx Data Experts Limited NDMAC National Disaster Management Advisory Committee DDM Department of Disaster Management NDMC National Disaster Management Council DDMC District Disaster Management Committee NGO Non-Govemmental Organization DFID Department for International Development NGOCC NGO Coordination Committee DCHS Directorate General of Health Services NIBS National Institute of Building Sciences DM TATF Disaster Management Training and Public Awareness Building Task Force NPDM National Plan for Disaster Management DM&RD Disaster Management & Relief Division NPDRR National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction DNCC Dhaka North City Corporation NSET National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal DPDC Dhaka Power Distribution Company Limited OIC OYO International Corporation DRR Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation PDMC Pourashava Disaster Management Committee DSCC Dhaka South City Corporation PGA Peak Ground Acceleration DW ASA Dhaka W ater Supply and Sewerage Authority PGD Permanent Ground Deformation ECRRP Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project PWD Public Works Department EPAC Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness Committee RCC Rajshahi City Corporation ESRI Environmental Systems Research Institute RDA Rajshahi Development Authority EU European RpCC Rangpur City Corporation FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency RTK-GPS Real Time Kinematic - Global Positioning System SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

16 A c r o n y m s RUET Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology SUST Shahjalal University of Science and Technology SA Spectral Acceleration TGTDCL Titas Gas Tranimission and Distribution Company Limited see Sylhet City Corporation HDD Urban Development Directorate SOB Survey of Bangladesh UDM C Disaster Management Committee RUET Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology UNDP United Nations Development Programme SOD Standing Orders on Disaster UNO Upazila Nirbahi Officer SPT Standard Penetration Test USGS U. S. Geological Survey SSM Simplified Static Method UTC Temps Universel Coordonne SSM M Small Scale M icrotremor Measurements UzDM C Upazila Disaster Management Committee SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

17 C ontents w C h a p t e r - 01 G e n e r a l In t r o d u c t io n 1 C h a p t e r - 04 S e ism ic P r e p a r e d n e s s In it ia t iv e s In tro d u ctio n Spatial Co ntingency Plans Bangladesh and Natural D isaster Trainings fo r Preparedness at D ifferent Level D isaster Risk M anagem ent in Bangladesh Earthquakes Sim ulation Drill 172 C h a p t e r - 02 S e is m ic Ha z a r d in Ba n g l a d e s h 9 C h a p t e r - 05 C o n c l u s io n 173 C o n clu sio n G eographical Settings n A n n e x u r e Seism ic Hazard and Bangladesh 11 Annex-1 Glossary of Terms H isto ry of S e ism icity in B an gladesh 12 Annex - 2 Seismic Risk Assessment: Available Research Documents in Bangladesh 184 C hap ter - 03 Seismic V u ln e r a b ility and Risk 15 R efe re n ce s 185 Assessm ent Initiatives in B an gladesh 3.1 In itiatives fo r Seism ic Preparedness in Bangladesh Risk A ssessm ent Process and M ethodology Base Map and Database developm ent S e ism ic R isk and V u ln e ra b ility A sse ssm e n t 24 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

18 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: List of Physical Features and Information Incorporated in The Base Map 20 Table 15: Expected Damage to Utility Systems for Different Scenario Cases 76 Table 2: Total Number of Buildings in The Six Cities 20 Table 16: Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario 3 Case 1 76 Table 3: Description on The Number And Types of Ceotechnical & Geophysical 21 Investigations Table 4: Relations Between Shear Wave Velocities and SPT N-Values of Soils 22 Table 17: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 99 Cases Table 18: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 99 Table 5: Soil Class Classification 22 Table 19: Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario 3 Case Table 6: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 26 Cases Table 7: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 27 Table 8: Expected Damage to Utility Systems for Different Scenario Cases 27 Table 20: Expected Damage to Utility Systems for Different Scenario Cases 100 Table 21: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 123 Cases Table 22: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 124 Table 9: Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario 3 Case 1 27 Table 23: Expected Damage to Utility Systems for Different Scenario Cases 124 Table 10: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 51 Cases Table 11: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 52 Table 12: Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario 3 Case 1 52 Table 24: Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario Case Table 25: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 147 Cases Table 26: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 148 Table 13: Expected Physical Damage States of Buildings for Different Scenario 75 Cases Table 14: Expected Debris Generation for Different Scenario Cases 76 Table 27: Expect Expected Damage to Lifelines for Scenario3 Case SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

19 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Intensity of Floods in Bangladesh from 1954 to 1999 (Banglapedia, 2014) 3 Figure iod: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral Acceleration at 1.0s Structural 13 Period Corresponding to 2475 Years Return Period Figure 2: Bangladesh Flood Affected Areas (Banglapedia, 2014) 3 Figure ioe: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral Acceleration at 1.0s Structural 13 Period Corresponding to 43 Years Return Period Figure 3: Historical Cyclonic Storm Track (Banglapedia, 2014) 4 Figure lof: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral Acceleration at 1.0s Structural 13 Period Corresponding to 475 Years Return Period Figure 4: Meteorological Drought for Kharip and Rabi (Banglapedia, 2014) 5 Figure 11: Flowchart of HAZUS Earthquake Risk Assessment Methodology 18 Figure 5: Disaster Management Regulatory Framework in Bangladesh (NPDM ) Figure 12: Flow-Chart of Base Map Development Process 19 Figure 6: Historical Earthquakes Along The Himalayan Frontal Thrust Fault (CDMP, ) Figure 13: Steps of Base Map Preparation 20 Figure 7: Effect of 1897 Great Indian Earthquake (Oldham and Richard, 1899, 12 and Figure 14: Geological and Geophysical Investigations 21 Figure 8: Effect of 1997 Earthquake, Bangladesh (Al-Hussaini, 2005) 12 Figure 15: Test Locations in Mymensingh Paurashava 22 Figure 9: Effect of 2003 Rangamati Earthquake (Ansary et al. 2003) 12 Figurei6: Geomorphology (Surface Geology) of Mymensingh Paurashava 22 Figure 10a: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral Acceleration at 0.2s Structural 1 3 Period Corresponding to 2475 Years Return Period Figure 17: Peak Ground Acceleration Computation at Bed Rock Level 22 Figure 10b: Bangladesh Hazard Map For Spectral Acceleration at 0.2s Structural 13 Period Corresponding to 43 Years Return Period Figure 18: Process of Constructing Liquefaction Potential Maps 23 Figure 10c: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral Acceleration at 0.2s Structural 13 Period Corresponding to 475 Years Return Period Figure 19: The layers of earth mantle 179 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

20 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 20: Fault Scarp 180 Figure 25: Image courtesy of Geological Survey of Canada 181 Figure 21: Fault scarp, Zhangye thrust, Qilian Shan, NE Tibet 180 Figure 26: Example of propagation of P-wave 181 Figure 22: Fault surface trace of the Hector Mine fault after the October 16, M7.1 rupture. (Photo by Katherine Kendrick, U5 G5 ) Figure 27: Major tectonic plates of the world 182 Figure: 23: Soil Liquefaction 180 Figure 28: Normal and Reverse fault 182 Figure 24: Foundation Weakening Due to Soil Liquefaction in Adapazari, Turkey 181 Figure 29: Propagation of Secondary wave or S-wave 182 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH

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23 1.1 In tr o d u c tio n Over the past decades, urbanization in Bangladesh has flourished without proper guidance. As a result, many urban centers have developed haphazardly. These urban centers are fast growing and influence the economic development of the country. It is therefore essential to have a realistic understanding of the nature, severity and likely damage/loss that an earthquake could cause in these urban areas. A strong earthquake affecting major urban centers may result in damage and destruction of massive proportions, with disastrous consequences for the entire nation. Considering this reality, the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) being implemented by the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) of the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) and supported by United Nations Development Program (UNDP), European (EU), Norwegian Embassy, UKaid from the Department for International Development (DFID), Swedish Sida and Australian Aid, is designed to strengthen the Bangladesh Disaster Management System, and more specifically, to achieve a paradigm shift from reactive response to a proactive risk reduction culture. As part of this, the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) has been given responsibility for conducting seismic risk assessments for several major cities in Bangladesh. This Atlas presents the seismic risk assessment of Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail Municipal Areas. Chapter One describes the project background, and briefly discusses the natural disasters and disaster management system in Bangladesh. Chapter Two presents a seismic hazard assessment of the country, followed in Chapter Three by the seismic vulnerability, risk assessment methodology, different scenarios, and assessment results of different cities. The results of risk assessment include: direct earthquake damage, induced earthquake damage, casualties, and economic losses* to the components at risk. Chapter Four describes the preparedness initiatives implemented at different levels under this project. Chapter Five describes the way forward for seismic preparedness for Bangladesh. 1.2 Ba n g l a d e s h a n d N atural D isaster Due to its location Bangladesh has to receive and drain out huge volume of upstream waters. The mighty rivers Meghna, Padma and Brhammaputra, originate in the Himalayas, make their way through Bangladesh, and drain in the Bay of Bengal. In the summer, from May to August, the melting of glaciers in the Himalayas makes the rivers in Bangladesh live. The rainy season, which is strongly influenced by monsoon wind from the South-West, also sets in at the same causing massive precipitation. The combined effect of upstream flows, precipitation and terrestrial run-off result in flooding, causing water logging and prolonged flood almost every ~ ill I 60% T3 1-50% 40% i 30% K %, 10% Figure i: Intensity of floods in Bangladesh from 1954 to 1999 (Banglapedia, 2014) economic losses due to scenario earthquake for different cities were developed under this project- Detail on this is available document [g] listed in Annex 2 Seismic Risk Assessment: Available Research Documents in Bangladesh

24 Furthermore, rising sea levels are causing water level rise in the river, thereby accelerating the risk of flood and water logging. As the elevation of the coastal plain of Bangladesh is only 3-5 meter from the mean sea level, a vast coastal area - approximately 18% of the total landmass of the country - would be submerged by a 1 meter sea level rise, according to the IPCC 4th Assessment Report (USA. IPCC, 2007). The main factors behind these assumptions are; a) the country has no defense mechanism for the protection of coastal plain land, and b) the sea level will rise following the contour line. The problem of water logging might be more dangerous than flooding. Already, many coastal places where sustainable drainage network system has not developed, are facing water logging problems, and the intensity of problem is becoming more catastrophic day by day. West Bengal (India) Dinajpur ^Assam (India) B A N G LA D ESH FLOOD AFFECTED AREA Meghalaya (India) Assam (India) Tripura (India) West Bengal (India) 22 WN 0 3 Flood Free A C3 Flash Flood/ ( ^ 3 R*ver/Mooni oon Flood Area Coastal Tidal Surge Prone Area Arakan (Myanmar) Figure 2: Bangladesh flood affected areas (Banglapedia, 2014) The entire coastal zone is prone to violent storms and tropical cyclones during pre monsoon and post-monsoon season. Therefore, the Bangladesh coastal zone could be termed a geographical 'death trap due to its extreme vulnerability to cyclones and storm surges. Since 1820, nearly one million people have been killed by cyclones in Bangladesh. Only 10 percent of the world's cyclones develop in the Indian Ocean, but those 10 percent cause 85 percent of global cyclonic havoc (Gray, ig68). The good news is that death tolls due to cyclones have decreased over the last decade, due to cyclone preparedness programs such as the mobilization of volunteers in disseminating cyclone warnings and information and the building of cyclone shelters. According to UNDP (2004) Bangladesh is among the Asian countries most highly prone to cyclonic disaster, as evident by the fact that out of the 250 thousand cyclone-cause deaths worldwide between 1980 to 2000, 60 percent were in Bangladesh. Even though N BANGLADESH 3

25 the Philippines is more vulnerable to cyclone than Bangladesh, the cyclonic death toll is 10 times higher in Bangladesh than in the Philippines. Extreme and non-extreme weather or climate events can affect vulnerability to future extreme events by affecting resilience, coping capacity, and adaptive capacity (USA. IPCC, 2012). In particular, the cumulative effects of disasters at local or sub-national levels can substantially affect livelihood options, resources, and the capacity of societies and communities to prepare fo r and respond to future disasters. m xr 92 too' W est Bengal (India) BANGLADESH CYCLONIC STORM TRACKS M izoram (India) A rakan (M yanm ar) Figure 3: Historical cyclonic storm track (Banglapedia, 2014) A changing climate leads to changes in the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration, and timing o f extreme weather and climate events, and can result in unprecedented extreme weather and climate events.

26 Landslides in the south eastern hilly region are another major hazard the country. These areas have a long history of instability. Although written records of landslide incidents are very rare, they have been a hazard to people ever since the area wa first settled. Every year, especially in the rainy season, landslides take place In both natural and man-induced slopes. The cause is often infiltration of water which makes the swelling soils more fluid. Major processes that cause landslides in Bangladesh are 1) removal of lateral support through: (a) erosion by rivers, (b) previous slope movements such as slumps that create new slopes, (c) human modifications of slopes such as cuts, pits, and canals; 2) the addition of weight to the slope through: (a) accumulation of rain, (b) increase in vegetation, (c) construction of fill, (d) weight of buildings and other structures, (e) weight of water from leaking pipelines, sewers, canals, and reservoirs; 3) earthquakes; 4) regional tilting; 5) removal of underlying support through: (a) undercutting by rivers and waves; (b) swelling o f clays; and 6) anthropogenic activities as/hum cultivation. Drought- a prolonged, continuous period of dry weather along with abnormal insufficient rainfall- is also another frequent disaster in Bangladesh, especially in the north west region of the country. Drought occurs when evaporation and transpiration exceed the amount of precipitation for a reasonable period. It causes the earth to parch, as well as a considerable hydrologic (water) imbalance - resulting water shortages, dried-up wells, depletion of groundwater and soil moisture, stream flow reduction, crop withering and failing, and scarcity in fodder for livestock- Drought is a major natural hazard facing those communities that are directly dependent on rainfall for drinking water, crop production, and rearing of animals. Drought has become a recurrent natural phenomenon of northwestern Bangladesh (i.e. Barind Tract) in recent decades. The Barind Tract covers most parts of the greater Dinajpur, Rangpur, Pabna, Rajshahi, Bogra, Joypurhat and Naogaon districts of Rajshahi division. Rainfall is low in the Barind Tract compared to other parts of the country. The average rainfall is about 1,971 mm, the majority of which occurs during the monsoon. Rainfall varies aerially as wells as yearly. For instance, rainfall recorded in 1981 was about 1,738 mm, but in 1992 it was 798 mm. The distribution of rainfall is rather variable from one place to another. Thus, the region is already known as draught prone area. The average highest temperature of the Barind region ranges from 35 C to 25 C for the hottest season, and from 12 C to 15 C for the coolest season. Generally this particular region of the country is rather hot and can be considered a semi-arid region. In summer, the Rajshahi area, particularly Lalpur, may experience temperatures of about 45 C or even more on the hottest days. Meanwhile, in the winter the temperatures may even fall to 5 C in some places of Dinajpur and Rangpur districts. So this older alluvium region experiences two extremes that clearly contrast with the climatic condition of the rest of the country. Meteorologically drought can be classified into three types: permanent drought - characterized by arid climate; seasonal drought - caused by irregularities in recognized rainy and dry seasons; and contingent drought - caused by irregular rainfall. In Bangladesh, the last tw o types are more prevalent. Drought mostly affects Bangladesh in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods. While drought did not affect the entire country between 1949 and 1979, the percentage of drought affected areas were 31.63% in 1951, 46.54% in 1957, 37-47% in 1958, 22.39% in 1961> 18.42% in 1966, 42.48% in 1972 and 42.04% in During 1981 and 1982 draughts affected the production a f the monsoon crops only. During the last 50 years, Bangladesh has suffered about 20 instances of drought conditions. Droughts in northwestern Bangladesh led to a shortfall of rice production of 3.5 million tons in the 1990s. If other losses, such as, to other crops (all rabi crops, sugarcane, wheat, etc.) as well as ta perennial agricultural resources, such as, bamboo, betel nut, fruits like litchi, mango, jackfruit, banana etc. are considered, the loss is substantially much higher. N BANGLADESH 4

27 Figure 4: Meteorological Drought for Kharip and Rabi (Banglapedia, 2014) Earthquake refers to the trembling or shaking movement of the earth's surface. Most earthquakes are minor tremors, while larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors, rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force, called aftershocks. An earthquake is a form of energy in wave motions, which originates in a limited region and then spreads out In all directions from the source of disturbance. It usually lasts for a few seconds to a minute. Earthquakes happen due to a number of reasons, which can be divided into two major categories: non-tectonic and tectonic. Earthquakes are distributed unevenly on the globe. However, it has been observed that most of the destructive earthquakes originate within two well-defined zones or belts, namely 'the circum-pacific belt and 'the Mediterranean-Himalayan seismic belt. Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to seismic activity. Accurate historical information on earthquakes is very important In evaluating the seismicity of Bangladesh, especially in combination with assessment of the geotectonic elements. Information on earthquakes in and around Bangladesh is available for the last 250 years. The earthquake record suggests that since 1900, more than 100 moderate to large earthquakes occurred in Bangladesh, out of which more than 65 events occurred after This brings to light an increased frequency of earthquakes in the last 30 years. This increase in earthquake activity is an indication of fresh tectonic activity or propagation of fractures from the adjacent seismic zones. Details about earthquake in Bangladesh are described in Chapter 2.

28 1.3 D isaster Risk M a n a g e m e n t in Ba n g l a d e s h Due to its geographic location and dense settlement pattern, Bangladesh has a long history of being affected by natural disasters. It is estimated that between 1980 to 2008 the country faced damages of 16 Billion USD from about 200 disaster events. As a developing country, Bangladesh had to depend very much on relief from donor agencies and foreign countries. After a devastating flood in 1988, a national Flood Action Plan was initiated, marking the birth of a culture of disaster management and risk reduction. A catastrophic cyclone in 1991 demonstrated the necessity of establishing institutional disaster management platforms in the country, and consequently the Disaster Management Bureau (current DDM) was established in From the early 2000s, with a view to shifting from the traditional relief and rehabilitation approach to the more holistic disaster risk reduction approach, initiative was taken for a Comprehensive Disaster Management Program contributing to disaster preparedness at all levels of the country. Currently, the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief of the Government of Bangladesh is the responsible ministry for coordinating national disaster management efforts across all agencies. The Ministry issued the Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD) in January 1997 (updated in 2010) to guide and monitor disaster management activities in Bangladesh. Disaster Management Regulatory Framework 1 MoDMR Plan Local Plans Guidelines Sectoral Policies (DRR incorporated) sectoral Man ^ * Hazard Plans Templates (DRR incorporated) 1 Programming for Implementation Figure 5: Disaster Management Regulatory Framework in Bangladesh (NPDM ) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT I N BANGLADESH 5

29 The main objective of the SOD is to make the concerned persons understand their duties and responsibilities regarding disaster management at all levels, enabling them to act accordingly. All Ministries, Divisions/Departments and Agencies shall prepare their own Action Plans with respect to their responsibilities under the Standing Orders for efficient implementation. The National Disaster Management Council (NDMC) and Inter-Ministerial Disaster Management Coordination Committee (IMDMCC) are to ensure coordination of disaster related activities at the National level. Coordination at District, Thana and levels are to be done by the respective District, Thana and Disaster Management Committees. The Department of Disaster Management is to render all assistance to them by facilitating the process (GoB. DDM, 2010). Inter-related institutions, at both national and sub-national levels have been created to ensure effective planning and coordination of disaster risk reduction and emergency response management. Below is the list of the respective National and Sub-national level institutions: At National levels 1. National Disaster Management Council (NDMC) headed by the Honorable Prime Minister to formulate and review the disaster management policies and issue directives to all concerns. 2. Inter-Ministerial Disaster Management Co-ordination Committee (IMDMCC) headed by the Hon ble Minister in charge of the Disaster Management and Relief Division (DM&RD) to implement disaster management policies and decisions of N DM CI Government. 3. National Disaster Management Advisory Committee (NDMAC) headed by an experienced person nominated by the Honorable Prime Minister. 4. National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR) headed by Secretary, DM&RD and DG, while DDM functions as the member secretary. This platform shall coordinate and provide necessary facilitation to the relevant stakeholders. 5. Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness Committee (EPAC) headed by Honorable minister for MoFDM and DG, DDM acts as member secretary. 6. Cyclone Preparedness Program Implementation Board (CPPIB) headed by the Secretary, Disaster Management and Relief to review the preparedness activities in the face of initial stages of impending cyclones. 7. Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) Policy Committee headed by Honorable Minister, MoFDM and Secretary, DM&RD act as member secretary. Disaster Management Training and Public Awareness Building Task Force (DMTPATF) headed by the Director General of Department of Disaster Management (DDM) to coordinate the disaster related training and public awareness activities of the Government, NGOs and other organizations. 8. Focal Point Operation Coordination Group of Disaster Management (FPOCG) headed by the Director General of DDM to review and coordinate the activities of various departments/agencies related to disaster management and also to review the Contingency Plan prepared by concerned departments. 9. NGO Coordination Committee on Disaster Management (NGOCC) headed by the Director General of DDM to review and coordinate the activities of concerned NGOs in the country. 10. Committee for Speedy Dissemination of Disaster Related Warning/ Signals (CSDDWS) headed by the Director General of DDM to examine, ensure and find out the ways and means for the speedy dissemination of warning/ signals among the people.

30 At sub-national levels 1. District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) headed by the Deputy Commissioner (DC) to the disaster management activities at the District level. 2. Upazila Disaster Management Committee (UzDMC) headed by the Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) to coordinate review the disaster management activities at the Upazila level. 3. Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) headed by the Chairman of the Parishad to coordinate, review and implement the disaster management activities of the concerned. 4. Paurashava Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) headed by Chairman of Pourashava (Paurashava) to coordinate, review and implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. 5. City Corporation Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC) headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to coordinate, review and implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness Committee (EPAC) Following the verdict of High Court Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh, dated 29 July 2009, the Government of Bangladesh has formed a committee on Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness, in order to prepare the nation for earthquake risk management (SOD, 2010). Following members constitute the Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness Committee: > Minister, Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (erstwhile MoFDM ); > Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs; > Secretary, Finance Division, Ministry of Finance; > Secretary, Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief; > Secretary, Roads and Railways Division; > Secretary, Ministry of Information; > Secretary, Ministry of Health and Family Planning Affairs; > Secretary, Ministry of Defence; > Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; > Secretary, Economic Relations Divisions; > Secretary, Housing and Public Works Ministry; > Secretary, energy and Mineral Resource Division; > Secretary, Ministry of Education; I BANGLADESH 6

31 > Secretary, Primary and Mass Education Ministry; > Secretary, Local Government Division; > Chief Engineer, Roads and Highways Department; > Chief Engineer, Engineering Education Department; > Chief Engineer, Local Government Engineering Department (LGED); > Chief engineer, Public Works Department (PWD); > Director General, Geological Survey of Bangladesh (GSB); > Director General, Health Services; > Director General, Fire Services and Civil Defence Department; > Representative, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka; > Representative, Department of Geography and Environment, Jahangirnagar University; > Representative, Civil Engineering Department, BUET; > Representative, Department of Geography and Environment, University of Chittagong > Representative, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 5UST; y Director, BMD; > Director, Armed Forces Division (AFD); > Chairman, Bangladesh Red Crescent Societies (BDRCS); > Representative CARE; > Representative Oxfam; > Representative BRAC; > Representative CARITAS; > Representative Action Aid; > Representative Save The Children USA; > Representative World Vision; > Representative Islamic Relief UK;

32 > Director General, Department of Disaster Management (DDM) as member secretary. The Committee is supposed to meet twice a year, and the Chairman may call additional meetings if necessary. Sub-committees may be formed for contingency planning and aspects of earthquake risk reduction. The responsibilities of the committee are: (1) Reviewing national earthquake preparedness and awareness programme and recommend suggestion for concerned organizations; (2) Reviewing the list of Search and Rescue equipment for earthquakes; (3) Preparing and recommending a list of equipment for earthquake risk reduction and search and rescue programmes after an earthquake. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 7

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36 2.1 G e o l o g ic a l S ettings Tectonically, Bangladesh lies on the northeastern Indian plate, near the edge of the Indian craton and at the junction of three tectonic plates - the Indian plate, the Eurasian plate and the Burmese microplate. These form two boundaries where plates converge- the India Eurasia plate boundary to the north forming the Himalaya Arc, and the India Burma plate boundary to the east forming the Burma Arc. The Indian plate is moving at a rate of 6 cm per year in a northeast direction, and subducting under the Eurasian and the Burmese plates in the north and east, at a rate of 45 mm per year and 35 mm per year, respectively (Sella et al., 2002; Bilham, 2004; Akhter, 2010). To the north, the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates has created the spectacular Himalayan Mountains, bounded along their southern flank by the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), along which continental lithosphere of the Indian plate under thrusts the Eurasian plate. This great north dipping thrust fault runs more than 2,000 km from Pakistan to Assam and has produced many large continental earthquakes over the past millennium, some greater than M 8. The 500-km long section just 60 km north of Bangladesh, however, has not produced a great earthquake in the past several hundred years (Kumar et al. 2010). The other major active tectonic belt of Bangladesh appears along the country's eastern side. The Arakan subduction-collision system involves oblique convergence of the Indian and Burma plates. It has produced the N-S trending Indoburman range and a broad belt of folds along the western edge of the Bay of Bengal (Curray, 2005; Wang and Sieh, 2013). These lie above a mega thrust that dips moderately eastward beneath the Indoburman range but is nearly flat-lying beneath the folds. Beneath the 500-km long fold belt the mega thrust is also referred to as a decollement, because it is parallel or nearly parallel to sediment bedding within the Canges Brahmaputra delta. As we will describe below, many of the folds within the western 100 to 200 km of the fold belt appear to be actively growing, which implies that the underlying decollement is relaying slip onto thrust faults beneath these folds as it dies out westward toward a poorly defined deformation front.

37 2.2 Seism ic H a z a r d a n d Ba n g l a d e s h Bangladesh is located in the tectonically active Himalayan orogenic belt, which has developed through the collision among the Indian, Arabian, and Eurasian plates over the last million years (Ma), (Aitchinson et al.2007). Moderate to large earthquake magnitudes are common in this region and will continue to occur as long as the tectonic deformation continues. Some of these earthquakes cause serious damage to buildings and infrastructures through strong ground shaking and also, in some cases, faults rupturing the ground surface. The destructive and deadly hazards associated with earthquakes pose a real and serious threat to the lives of people, property damage, economic growth and development of the country. A proper understanding of the distribution and level of seismic hazard throughout the country is therefore necessary. In order to perform rigorous seismic hazard analysis, all available knowledge of the historical earthquakes, the tectonic environment, and instrumental seismic data are required to predict the strong ground shaking of future earthquakes. However, until now, investigation of the seismic potential of Bangladesh's tectonic elements has been in its infancy (GoB. CDMP, 2013). The main objective of this work is to determine appropriate earthquake ground motion parameters for seismic mitigation, based on current existing data and most recent geological data interpretation. These ground motion parameters include: horizontal Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Spectral Acceleration (SA) values at 0.2 and 1.0 s with the return periods of 43, 475, and 2475 years. The study team has considered Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment in terms of PGA at 43, 475, and 2475 year return periods and Spectral Acceleration (SA) at 0.25 and 1.0s at 43,475, and 2475 year return periods. In general, at the short return period, i.e. 43 years, the observed seismicity in and around Bangladesh controls the hazard for most considered structural periods. However, at long return period, i.e. 2,475 years, the seismic hazard of all structural period is controlled by major tectonic structures, and these results confirm the importance of further study of active tectonic structures in Bangladesh. For the 475 year return period PGA hazard map, the hazard is fairly well correlated with the seismicity pattern shown in figure 10a. The effect of major active tectonic structures in and around Bangladesh, excepting that from area near Dauki fault, on seismic hazard is not clear on this m ap.. Ground motion across Bangladesh (represented by PGA) is in the range of g, corresponding to the 475 year return period and in the range of o g, corresponding to the 2,475 year return period. The effect of the high-slip-rate of Duaki fault could be observed as the largest seismic hazard zone in Bangladesh. From the PGA and SA at 0.2s and 1.0s at 475 and 2,475 year return period for six cities (i.e. Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail), are included in CDMP phase II. Out o f these six cities, Bogra, Mymensingh, and Rangpur have by far the greatest seismic hazard. The estimated PGA value of o.5g at 2,475 year return period is comparable to the seismically active region of the intermountain west in the United States (Petersen et al., 2008). This is primarily due to its proximity to the potentially fast moving Duaki fault which augmented from high rate of background seismicity. The seismic hazard of Rajshahi is the lowest at about o_4g at 2,475 year return period, largely because it is far removed from the Dauki active fault and Arakan blind mega thrust. In addition, Rajshahi is the one of location in Bangladesh where previous analysis based on instrumental seismicity - may underestimate what might be expected from the Martin and Szeliga s (2010) historical earthquake catalogue, where there are two events located with earthquake magnitude between 7.3 and 8.0 on 11 November 1842 and 22 June 1897, respectively. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 11

38 2.3 History o f seismicity in Bangladesh Although in the recent past Bangladesh has not been affected by any large earthquakes, the evidence of large scale earthquakes in the region serves as a reminder of the possibility of big earthquakes in the future. Past major earthquakes in and around Bangladesh include the 1548 earthquake that hit the Sylhet and Chittagong regions, the 1642 earthquake in Sylhet District with damage to building structures, 1762 earthquake hit most part of Bangladesh including Dhaka & Chittagong caused loss o f life and properties, 1897 Known as the Great India Earthquake with a magnitude of 8.7 hit the region. This earthquake caused serious damage to buildings in Sylhet town, where the death toll rose to 545. In Mymensingh, many public buildings, including the Justice House, collapsed. Heavy damage was done to the bridges on the Dhaka - Mymensingh railway and traffic was suspended for about a fortnight. The river communication of the district was seriously affected. Loss of life was not great, but loss of property was estimated at five million Rupees. Rajshahi suffered severe shacks, especially on the eastern side, and 15 people died. In Dhaka, damage to property was heavy. In Tippera, masonry buildings and old temples suffered a lot and the total damage was estimated at Rs. 9,000. The 1918 earthquake known as the Srimangal Earthquake is occurred on 18 July with a magnitude o f 7. 6 Richter scale, its epicenter located at Srimangal, Maulvi Bazar Great Indian Earthquake, M=8.7 Figure 7: Effect of 1897 Great Indian Earthquake (Oldham and Richard, 1899, and Rail Track at Rangpur Damage at Rangpur, 1897 earthquake Court - Kachari Building Collapse of building in Damage at Sirajganj 1897 Earthquake Collapsed at Mymensingh Armanitola Dhaka ( Figure S: Effect of 1997 Earthquake, Bangladesh (Al-Hussaini, 2005)

39 LAKER'S PUBLIC SCHOOL, RAN GAM ATI HEALTH COMPLEX, KALABUNIA, RANGAMATI BDR CLUB, KALABUNIA, RANGAMATI BDR CAMP, KALABUNIA, RANGAMATI Figure 9: Effect of 2003 Rangamati Earthquake (Ansary et al. 2003) The 1997 Chittagong earthquake, or the 1997 Bandarban earthquake, occurred on November 21, 1997 at 11:23 UTC in the Bangladesh-lndia-Myanmar border region. It had a magnitude of Mw 6.1 (USGS, 2014). The epicenter was located in southern Mizoram, India. While no fatalities were reported in Mizoram, India, however, 23 people were killed when a 5-storey building collapsed in Chittagong, Bangladesh (A5C, 2008). An earthquake occurred on 22 July, 1999 at Maheshkhali Island with the epicenter in the same place, a magnitude o f 5.2. The earthquake was severely felt around Maheshkhali Island and the adjoining sea. Houses cracked and in some cases collapsed. The Borkol earthquake occurred in the early morning of 27 July 2003 at 5:18:17.96 am local time, killed three people, injured 25 people and damaged about 500 buildings in Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts. Power supply to some areas was cut as a transformer exploded at the Modunaghat Grid Sub station in Hathazari, Chittagong. The epicenter was situated2i7 km southeast of Dhaka at the eastern bank of Kaptai reservoir. It had a magnitude measured Mw 5.7. Dhaka shook with MM intensity IV. Many people were awakened, especially residents of upper floors of high rise buildings. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 12

40 S e i s m i c H a z a r d M a p o f D i f f e r e n t R e t u r n P e r io d s The Study team has considered Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment* of second para of section 2.2 Figure ioa: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 0.2s Structural Figure 10b: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 0.2s Structural Figure iac: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 0.2s Structural Period Period Corresponding to 2475 Years Return Period Period Corresponding to 43 Years Return Period Period Corresponding to 475 Years Return Period Figure iod: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 1.0s Structural Figure ioe: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 1.0s Structural Figure iof: Bangladesh Hazard Map for Spectral acceleration at 1.0s Structural Period Corresponding to 2475 Years Return Period Period Corresponding to 43 Years Return Period Period Corresponding to 475 Years Return Period *Please refer figure 10 (a) (f) on Seismic Hazard Map of Different Return Periods. Detail Methodology on return period calculation is available in reference document [f] listed in Annex - 2 Seismic Risk Assessment: Available Research Documents in Bangladesh 113

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42 CHAPTER - 03 SEISMIC VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT INITIATIVES IN BANGLADESH

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44 3.1 Initiatives for S eism ic Preparedness in Ba n g l a d e s h Recognizing the earthquake vulnerability and risk in Bangladesh, a number of initiatives have been taken by the Government, research institutes, donor agencies, International NGOs and National NGOs regarding Earthquake Preparedness and Management- Most of the initiated projects are focusing in three thematic areas like Hazard & Risk Assessment, Awareness & Capacity Building and Formulation of Plan & Preparedness. Following is a brief overview of the activities initiated by different agencies in these different areas of earthquake preparedness and management. H a z a r d & R is k A s s e s s m e n t a n d R e s e a r c h Department of Disaster Management (DDM), under the ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, is the focal agency in Bangladesh for Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Risk Management. Since its inception in 1993 DDM has taken several initiatives for Disaster Management Activities. Currently DDM ( ) is implementing a project named "Multi Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping for the whole country. This nationwide assessment will cover the hazards like flood, earthquake, drought, cyclone, storm surge etc. The assessment would act as the guidance for the disaster preparedness initiatives in Bangladesh. The hazard and vulnerability mapping will be updated with the course of time and will be useful for the emergency preparedness guide. The Geological Survey of Bangladesh (GSB), under Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Government of Bangladesh, plays vital role in earthquake research across the country. The main activities of the organization are to deal with the technical and scientific aspects of earthquake. As a part o f that, the GSB check the land formation change, changes in river courses, undulation in land etc. immediately after any earthquake. Earthquake fault zones are also identified by the Geological Survey of Bangladesh as a part of its regular activities. As a part of earthquake preparedness, GSB has installed Earthquake accelerometer at 20 points across the country. The reading of these stations is useful for building code revision in the context of different parts of the country. In the recent tim e, GSB has conducted geological investigation at Purbachal and Jhilmil residential areas. These results of the investigation will be handed over to the respective agency which can be used for building code implementation in these areas. Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) under the ministry of Disaster Management and Relief has launched major earthquake preparedness programs in Bangladesh. The initiatives started in 20 d8 with the earthquake risk assessment of Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet City Corporation areas. This earthquake assessment also identified the active faults across the country that is the sources for major possible earthquake. CDMP II also initiated for ( ) earthquake risk assessment, training & awareness development and city, agency and ward level Contingency Plan preparation for the cities o f Bogra, Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail.

45 Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Facilities (CHTDFj-UNDP is a special program for the three hill districts of Bangladesh. Under one of the regional programs, named ECRRP, CHTDF-UNDP took the initiative to conduct earth hazard and risk assessment for the paurashavas of Rangamati, Bandarban and Khagrachari. The project was implemented from 2009 to 201O- Under this initiative, detailed base maps, seismic hazard maps, building and lifeline vulnerability assessments were made for the municipal towns of Rahnagati, Bandarban and Khagrachari. During the implementation of the project, a number of professionals from these three towns were also provided with training on earthquake risk assessment methodology and techniques. Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) have had several earthquake preparedness and research studies over the years. The research projects include Seismic Micro Zonation in Cox's Bazar, a School Safety program in Dhaka and organizing trainings on doing earthquake research. Additionally, the Civil Engineering Department of the institute has enhanced its capacity through earthquake research programs initiated over the years. Moreover, the Bangladesh Network for Urban Safety (BNUS) was initiated by BUET with the collaboration from ICUS, Japan. BUET also has expertise in structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, and preparation of seismic hazard maps and in seismic micro-zonation of urban areas in Bangladesh. It has already established the National Centre for Earthquake Engineering (NCEE) in BUET is currently overseeing a seismic instrumentation project for a five kilometer long bridge (Jamuna multipurpose bridge, Bangladesh). It has also procured sixty SMAs from USGS recently. A two year linkage project with Virginia Polytech Institute and State University, USA, on the topic of the seismic vulnerability of Bangladesh, has been established. The Earth observatory under the Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (established in 2003) is working with scientific research on geological setup and tectonic setting. Currently, the center has 23 GPS units to monitor the 3D movement of the earth crust. Active fault study and mapping is the one of the primary subjects the center wishes td emphasize in its activities in the near future- SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 17

46 3.2 Risk A ssessment Process a n d M e t h o d o l o g y The seismic risk assessment describes the scale and the extent of damage and disruption that may result from potential earthquakes. Damage and risk assessments for seismic hazards provide forecasts of damage, and human and economic impacts that may result from earthquake. The scope of work covers the risk assessment of the general building stock, essential facilities (hospitals, emergency operation centers, schools) and lifelines (transportation and utility systems). For CDMP-I & CDMP II the risk assessment has been executed using the HAZUS software package. HAZUS was developed by the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS). It is a powerful risk assessment software program for analy2ing potential losses from disasters on a regional basis. This risk assessment scheme can be used primarily by local, regional, and central government officials to plan and stimulate efforts to reduce risks from earthquakes and to prepare for emergency response and recovery. HAZUS operates through a Geographic Information System (GIS) application i.e. the ESRI ArcGIS platform. For risk assessment analyses of the nine city corporation areas and paurashavas, defaults databases for the United States have been replaced with Bangladesh databases of the nine cities/towns. Ground shaking is characterized quantitatively, using peak ground accelerations and spectral response accelerations. HAZUS methodology aggregates the general building stocks on a cluster basis, but is sitespecific for essential facilities and lifelines. The transportation and utility lifeline losses are combined in one package with losses associated with the general building stock and essential facilities. The framework of the HAZUS risk assessment methodology includes six major modules shown in Figure 11. As indicated by the arrows in the figure, the modules are interdependent, with the output of one module acting as input to another. Explanation of every module is given below. CO r 1 G essential I i Rulldlnp, I i 6. EbienlidldiiiJ High Potential Loss * * i facilities, lifelines) Induced Physical Damage o, I I I I ] I II - II II i O, L Figure 11: Flowchart of HAZUS Earthquake Risk Assessment Methodology

47 1. Potential Earth Science Hazards (PESH) The PESH module estimates ground motion and ground failure. Ground motion demands such as Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration are estimated based on earthquake source parameters, attenuation relations and geological data. Ground failure caused by landslides, liquefaction and surface fault rupture are quantified by Permanent Ground Deformation (PGD). This PGD is determined based on topographic data, geological data and ground water depth. 2. Inventory The inventory contains tools for describing the physical infrastructure and demographics of the study areas. It uses standardized classification systems for the groups of components at risk: (a) general building stock, (b) essential facilities, (c) transportation system components, and (d) utility system components. These groups are defined to address distinct inventory and modeling characteristics. An extensive amount of GIS database is utilized to develop dataset for each these groups. The general building stock is classified by occupancy (residential, commercial, etc.) and by model building type (structural system and material, height). Characteristic relationships between occupancy and structure types are developed based on building survey data. Population data is derived from the average of building occupants per unit building, which is obtained from the building survey. Estimates for building exposure are based on for building replacement costs (dollars per square foot) for each model building type and occupancy class that has been modified to Bangladesh cost. The dataset of essential facilities lifelines is developed from the GIS database and secondary sources (service provider authority), clarified and verified through the field survey. 3. Direct Physical Damage This module provides damage estimates in terms o f probabilities of occurrence for specific damage states given in a specified level of ground motion and ground failure. Estimates also include loss of function to essential facilities and lifelines and the anticipated service outages for potable water and electric power. For buildings, the capacity-demand spectrum method as implied by HAZUS is utilized for the estimation of seismic demand. The estimated seismic demand is, thus, used to determine the probability of being in a particular damage state through fragility functions. However, the seismic performance of buildings in Bangladesh is different from that of United States. As a result, a new set of building capacity spectrum and fragility functions were developed based on the field survey data and comprehensive numerical analyses. For both essential facilities and general building stock, damage state probabilities are determined for each facility or structural class. Damage is expressed in terms of probabilities of occurrence of specific damage states, given specific levels of ground motion and ground failure. Five damage states are identified - none, slight, moderate, extensive and complete. For lifeline components, the methodology focuses on estimating damage and restoration times for every system of transportation (highway, railway, bus, and ferry) and utility (potable water, waste water, natural gas, electric power, communication). Overall fragility curves for a system are evaluated, using fault tree logic to combine components fragility curves. The hazard is typically represented by Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Permanent Ground Deformation (PGD). Utilizing overall fragility curves, damage state probabilities are calculated for the lifeline components. Restoration times are evaluated from very simplified rules, relating to degree of damage and size of component. I 18

48 4. Induced Physical Damage Once direct physical damage has been calculated, induced damage can be evaluated. Induced damage is defined as the secondary consequences of a natural hazard other than damage due to the primary hazard (earthquake) that led to initial losses. Here, the methodology calculates damage due to fire fallowing an earthquake and tonnage of debris generation. For estimation of the impacts from the fires that follow an earthquake, HAZUS methodology utilizes Monte Carlo simulation techniques to assess the potential impacts. It separates the module into 3 major elements: fire ignition, spread, and suppression. The number of fires ignited is estimated from the size and type of building inventory, and the ground motion to which it is subjected. Spread is calculated as a function of the density of the construction, the presence of wind, fire breaks (e.g. lakes, wide streets) and low fuel areas (e.g. parks, cemeteries). Suppression is calculated as a function of the available firefighting capabilities. The spread and suppression modules use a damage and loss function calculated from the essential facilities and lifelines modules to determine the response capabilities and effectiveness of the fire-fighting personnel. For debris, HAZUS methodology estimates 2 different types of debris. The first type is debris that fall in large pieces like steel members or reinforced concrete elements, which require special treatment to break into smaller pieces before they are hauled away. The second type is smaller debris more easily moved with bulldozers, such as brick, wood, glass, building contents, etc. 5. Direct Economic/Social Losses Both direct and induced damage can lead to direct losses. There are 2 types of losses evaluated in the methodology: economic and social losses. The economic losses quantify the cost of repair and replacement of structures and lifeline systems that are damaged as a consequence of the earthquake. Structural and non-structural damage, as well as losses to contents inside buildings are included. To compute the direct economic losses, damage information from the direct damage module is combined with economic data of the study area, particularly construction/replacement cost of buildings and lifeline systems. Social losses are quantified in terms of casualties. To quantify the casualties, HAZUS methodology combines the output from the direct damage module with building inventory and population data. Estimations are carried out for two times of a day: 2:OOPM (day time) and 2:00AM (night time). 6. Indirect Economic Losses This module assesses the broad and long-term implications of the direct impacts (direct damage and losses) mentioned before. Examples of indirect economic impacts are changes in employment and personal income. This module is not included in this work due to a lack of complete data of income and employment.

49 3.3 Base M ap a n d Da tab ase D evelopment Spatial databases have been developed for the study cities and have been used as base maps to assist the hazard and vulnerability assessments. All important physical features of these cities are considered during the database development. Based upon the availability of existing data and information on the respective cities, an appropriate methodology was developed to acquire missing information by conducting physical feature surveys and attribute information collection. Figure 12: Flow-chart of Base Map Development Process For preparation of a base map, Satellite (Quickbird) images were collected. Ground Control Points for geo-referencing were selected at suitable locations in the image. Established bench marks like SOB, PWD, BWDB, and JICA were used as referencing point to do geo referencing. RTK-GPS and Total station were used for image geo-referencing. After geo-referencing of the image, physical features like road alignment, building outline, water body boundary, river boundary etc. were digitized. After completion of digitization, maps were printed for field verification. During field verification, a preset list of items was followed to collect attribute information against each of the digitized features. After completion of attribute information collection and feature verification, collected information had been added against the each surveyed features and base map was prepared for use. The steps followed during base map preparation are given in detail below. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 19

50 Quickbird Images of Rajshahi Geo-Referencing of Image using RTK GPS Image of a part of Rajshahi City after Geo-referencing On Screen Digitization Attribute Information added in the Database Base Map Figure 13: Steps of Base Map Preparation

51 Table 1: Ust of Physical Features and Information incorporated in the Base Map Physical Features w r Building Building use, land use, structure type, storey number, structure n; Pavement material, width, number of lane, length Railway Type 4. Water body Type (river, lake, khal, dighi, pond, marshy land) 5. Open Space Type (eidghah, playground, park, graveyard) Building Inventory Development To properly assess the seismic vulnerability of existing building stock, it is necessary to know the building structural type, the building occupancy class, the number of building occupants during the day and the night, the total floor area, the number of stories, the cost of the building and its contents inside, the seismic vulnerability characteristics of building, etc. To acquire the missing information, it is not necessary to survey each and every building in each of the cities which is impossible under the scope of budget and time frame. Instead, a series of well-designed comprehensive building surveys have been carried out in this study. The surveys were classified into 3 levels: Level-01, level-02, and level-03 surveys. Level 01: Building Survey In the level 01 building survey, sidewalk and questionnaire surveys were carried out. The average time required for this survey by a 2-member team was about 8-10 minutes for one building. The building attributes collected at this survey level were: Number of stories; Occupancy class; Structural type; Number of occupants during the day and the night (Based on no. of apartments); Age of the building(range); Presence of soft story (yes/no); Presence of heavy overhangs (yes/no); Shape of the building in plan view (rectangular, narrow rectangular, irregular); Shape of the building in elevation view (regular, setback, and narrow tall); Pounding possibility (yes/no); Building in slope land (yes/no); Visible ground settlement (yes/no); Presence o f short columns (yes/no); Visible physical condition (poor/average/good) Table 2 shows the list of number and types of buildings surveyed in the six cities. Table 2: Total number of Buildings in the six Cities City Corporation/Pourashava Number of Buildings I Bogra Paurashava Dinajpur Paurashava Mymensingh Paurashava Rajshahi City Corporation Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pourashava Area) Tangail Paurashava

52 Level 02: Building Survey About 10 percent of the level 01 surveyed buildings were selected for the Level 02 survey on a random basis. In addition to the attributes acquired in the Level-1 survey, measurements of the building ground floor were taken. A sketch of the building plan at the ground story was made, and the dimensions of columns, concrete and masonry walls were measured. The main objective of this survey was to acquire more detailed information for more in-depth seismic vulnerability assessment of typical buildings. It took, on average, about two and a half hours for a 2-member team to complete the Level 02 survey on one building. For concrete buildings, the building attributes acquired during the Level-2 survey are: Torsional irregularity (non-rectangular shape, unsymmetrical infill, unsymmetrical shear wall) Short column (less than 25% of floor height, 25-50% of floor height, more than 50% of floor height) Diaphragm discontinuity (mezzanine floor, floor opening) Slab system (cast insitu, pre-cast) Key dimensions (plan dimensions, typical column size, no. of bays, span length, shear wall dimensions) For masonry buildings, the building attributes acquired during the Level 02 survey are: Wall Thickness Maximum unsupported length of wall Corner separation (yes/no) Anchorage of wall to floor (yes/no) Anchorage of roof with wall (yes/no) Wall to wall anchorage (yes/no) Bracing of flexible floor/roof (yes/no) Existence of gable wall (yes/no) Horizontal band (yes/no) Vertical post (yes/no) Level 03: Building Survey For dynamic measurement, level 03 surveys were conducted on few selected buildings in three of the cities. The main objective of this survey was to understand the behavior of different types of buildings during earthquake. For dynamic measurement of RCC Buildings, Micro tremor, Schmidt Hammer, Ferro Scanner and Vibration shaker were used. For masonry buildings, a shear strength test of the binding mortar of masonry walls was conducted using a Hydraulic Jack with Deflection Meter.

53 Geotechnical and Geophysical Investigations A number of geotechnical and geophysical investigations were conducted for preparation of engineering geological maps, soil liquefaction maps for seismic hazard assessment, and for damage and loss estimation. The investigations included boreholes with SPT, PS Logging, MASW and S5M, Microtremor Array and Single Microtremor. Table 3 gives a brief description on the number and types of geotechnical and geophysical investigations conducted for the assessments; Table 3: Description on the number and types of Geotechnical & Geophysical Investigations Name and number of the Investigations Borelog with SPT PS Logging MASW and SSMM Microtremor Array Single Microtremor Bogra Dinajpur Mymensingh Rajshahi Rangpur Tangail The number of tests conducted had been determined depending on the surface geology (geomorphology) of the city. As a sample case, the Mymensingh town example has been provided in the following figure. The number of the tests was set in such a fashion that each of the geomorphic unit contains an adequate number of tests for the analysis. Figure 14: Geological and Geophysical Investigations I 21

54 Figure 15: Test Locations in Mymensingh Paurashava Figurei6: Geomorphology (Surface Geology) of Mymensingh Paurashava All tests were conducted to measure the shear wave velocities at 30 m depth VS30 at the specific sites, which was utilized to comprehend the soil characteristics of the site. Peak Ground Acceleration at bed rock level was calculated from the source characteristics as well as the attenuation characteristics. Table 4 shows the empirical relationship between SPT N value and VS30. Table 4: Relations between shear wave velocities and SPT N-values of soils 1 Years Researchers Equations Units Soil types Locations 1973 Ohsaki, Iwasaki V s= No-39 m/s All Japan 1982 lmai,tonuchi Vs = N0.341 m/s All Japan 1978 Ohta, Goto Vs = N O.341 m/s All Japan 1983 Seed, Idriss, Arango Vs = N0.5 m/s Sand Japan 1983 Sykora, Stokoe V s N0.29 m/s Sand Japan '994 Dickenson V s= ( N+1)0.30 m/s Sand San Francisco

55 I m Earthquake Scenario 3 (475-yr Return Period) of Mymensingh M = 7.9 Fault type = Reverse R = 40km s = 1.69 Spatial distribution of PCA in Mymensingh P G A, g Figure 17: Peak Ground Acceleration Computation at Bed Rock level The PGA will be amplified or de-amplified depending on the soil under the site. For the cities, the average shear wave velocities were calculated to illustrate the soil classification as shown in table 5. The soil has been classified according to table 5 as follows. For most of the cities under the study, the soil class was either D or E, which corresponds to soft and very soft soil. Table 5: Soil Class Classification I Site Class Shear Wave Velocity at 30 m depth [VS30 (m/s)] Soil Type I A >1500 Hard Rock B Rock C Very dense soil and soft rock D Dense/ Stiff Soil E <180 Loose/Soft Soil Source: ASCE-7 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 22

56 W ith the soil classification, th e amplification m aps fo r d ifferent cities can be derived as fo llow in g figure (th e exam ple is given f o r M ym ensingh Paurashava): The distribution of PGA can be utilized to calculate the Liquefaction Probability of the soil, utilizing the liquefaction susceptibility of the site. The process is shown for Mymensingh Paurashava below: Figure 18: Process of constructing liquefaction potential maps 23

57 3.4 S eismic Risk a n d V ulnerability A ssessment B o g r a P a u r a s h a v a Bogra was founded as a town in Later, Bogra Paurashava was established in It consists of 21 wards and 46 mahallas with total area of sq. km. The total population of the Paurashava is about (male 53.20%, female 46.80%). The literacy rate among the town people is about 63%. The building occupancy of the city consists of: Residential (84.21%), Commercial (10.07%), Educational (0.74%), Government Service (0.49%), Industrial (2.90%), Agriculture (1.15%) and Religious (0.44). Brief Information of the City Name of the City Bogra Name of the Paurashava Bogra Pourashava Year of Establishment 1884 Total Area sq.km Number of Wards 21 Total Population ( Male , Female ) Population Growth Rate (2011) 1.20% Road Network Railways Waterways Natural Water Bodies Open Space km 8.5 km 1.14 sq km or acre 2.54 sq km or acre sq. km or280 aa-3 Distribution of Vulnerability factors in Bogra Paurashava r Education Institutions 421 Health Facilities 69 Re-fueling Stations 29 Fire Station 1 Police Station 1 Vulnerability Factors Day & Night Occupants in Bogra Paurashava S W ard Num bers Day Tim e Occupants Night Tim e Occu pants 24

58 E E o S p B Rajapur Com prehensive D isaster Management Program m e (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Population Density Legend I Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Population per sqkm Area >20000 Faporc s inch * 4, feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the b a ss of 50cm resolution WorteJV»w2 image and verified through physical feature w rv e y using R T X -G P S end Total Station. S O B B M (S 0 6 -G P S ) was used as reference tor vertical adjustment Data Source Population and HouMng Census Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Asekpur Projection System. Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Elbpsod Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mend*an 90 Scale Factor ; Latitude of Origin :0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster PrsparedoMt Contmt (ADaC) Asian mswirt* o* T*c>»«**ofly I (AIT) I 25

59 Distribution of Different Occupancy Classes in Bogra Paurashava Expected Casualties in Bogra Paurashava 2475year Industrial Number of Injured People y R esidential y G o v e r n m e n t ^ In d u s tr ia l ^ H e a lt h C ra e Health Care_ Governm ent ''-A gricultural N ight-tim e Casualty M Day -Tim e Casualty E x p e c t e d p h y s i c a l d a m a g e s t a t e s Table 6: Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Informal Structures Scenarios Total Structure Total Concrete Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Masonry Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Zinc Shed and Bamboo Moderate Damage Complete Damage Structure No. % No. % Structure No. % No. % Structure No. % No. % Scenario 1 Case % % % % % % Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Case % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % % % % % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % % % % I 26

60 D e b r i s G e n e r a t i o n Table 7: Expected debris generation for different scenario cases Earthquake Scenario Amount of Debris (million tons) % of Concrete and Steel materials % of Brick and Wood materials Scenario 1 Case % 84% Scenario 2 Case % 75% Scenario 3 Case 1 O.43O 50% 50% Scenario 4 Case % 35% Scenario 5 Case % 35% Scenario 6 Case % 27% D a m a g e t o u t i l i t y s y s t e m s Table S: Expected damage to utility systems for different scenario cases System Patable Water Total Length Pipelines (km ) No. of Leaks No. of Breaks Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case 2 Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case D a m a g e o f U t i l i t y a n d L i f e l i n e s Table 9: Expected damage to lifelines for scenario 3 case 1 Total At least 50% Functional Day f Day 7 Segments Highway Bridges Facilities Segments Railway Bridges Facilities I 27

61 Nooilgola O ) m UK. I I S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e : Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajapur Bogra Paurashava Geology Legend Jamuna Karatoya Floodplain Deposits Mayor Road Network Intermfltertf Channel Barind Tract Deposits Barind Clay Res»duum Valley Deposits m Active Channel Deposits Abandoned Channel Deposits Bar Deposits Flood Plain Deposits m Meander Scar Deposits 1 1 Back Swamp Deposits Shabgram 1 indi* laet R F m A3 Paper Sue B a rin d Tra c t Deposit Bannd clay residuum Valley deposits G rey ( 10YR 5/1) to greyish brown (1 0 Y R 5/2) mottled clay, clayey silt and silty d a y Dark greyish brown (1 0 Y R 4/2) to grey (1 0 Y R 5/1) s * y clay and sandy srft Ja m u n a -K a ra to y a F lo o d p la in d e p osits Active channel Light grey (1 0 Y R 7/1) lo grey (1 0 Y R 5/1) coarse to medium sand and silt Abandoned Dark grey (1 0 Y R 4/1) to dark greyish brown (1 0 Y R 4/2). channel deposits fine to medium sand with sit Bar deposits Dark grey (10YR 4/1) to grey C10YR 5/1). sandy silt and silt Flood plain Light brownish grey (1 0 Y R 6/2) to greyish brown (1 0 Y R deposits 5/2) silty sand, sand and d a y e y silt Meander scar G reyish brown (1 0 Y R 5/2) to grey (1 0 Y R 5/1) clayey silt, deposits fine to medium sand Back sw am p Dark grey (1 0 Y R 4/1) to dark greyish brown (1 0 Y R 4 / 2 ) deposits clayey s *. d a y and sa ndy sit Asckpur Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid ; Everest 1890 False Easting False Northing > Central Mencfcan 90 Scale F e dor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance «mw» 7 T )' \ Geological Survey o4 BanyHdtth % (O S8) M M M Atksra D iw iu f P re p a re r* * * Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES 28

62 iumt Nooilgola u k aid Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s l Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (< Ministry of Disaster Management and Rolief (MoDMR) Rajapur Bogra Paurashava Geomorphotogy Legend L J Bw «3«fy Major Road Network Intermittent Channel B a rin d T ra c t Higher Bannd Terrrace Lower Bannd Terrrace Barind Fill Ja m u n a - K a ra toya Flo o d p la in H I Abandoned Channel Active Channel Back Swamp Scroll bar Higher Flood Plain Lateral Bar H Lower Flood Plain H Meander Scar H Po«nt Bar Shabgram 0» Mmv* 1 inch = le*t R F in A3 Paper Sue Fapore Bartnd Trad Irregular elevated landtorm m the Barind tract oonsettng o4 day. clayey a* and ntyda y Lower barind Modereately elevated table kke landform withn barind tract consofcng terrace of day, dayey sit and s*y day BramdVafley ibreguar narrow landform wtthm higher and lower bannd tract 1 conenena of tffr day and :l Od plain Elongated narrow channels wfthout flowing vralef formed by me s h ftn g d stream courses later filled by t«e to medum sand Active cftannet Channel with perennial water havng loose sand as bed loads Bac* swamp Irregular shaped depressed part within the floodpian consisting of d a w a*, d a y and sandy sit Irregdar shaped accumulation d sand consisting of ndges and swales Elevaled pa«1 of Jamuna-Karatoya ftoodla*i above normal Hooding.floodplain. cons*ango«s*ysand, send and day S* Lateral bar Elongated accumdafon of aand found along the south of Karatoya f Lower t e e T flooded. consist d sity sand. it sm ped sandy remnant c4 mender channels wflhn tie in ipwned by the channel neefceddf it tfmped accumulation of sand along the Karatoya Rner Asekpur Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central M e n to n Scale Fador Latitude of Origin ; 0 Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Chaksord'*-**''"*^ Asekpur i Technical Assistance Geological Survey e l B»ngi»dh ie «) Asian L i u M Center (AOPC) Prepared 29

63 N o o n g o la m 3 Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajapur Bogra Paurashava Engineering Geology Legend J Municipal Boundary Major R oad Network» Intermittent Channel 2 P» Active Channel Engineering Unit H i U r* -I Shabgram Unit -I I U n 4 - III Unit - IV 1 inch» feet R :F : 1:50,000 in A3 Paper Size E n g in e e rin g Prop erties Asekpur U p to 3m dtpetmotoy composed of sliffsity da y (max. N value 14) and toff clayey tmty (max. N value 11),wnh*i 30m very denee to medium sand having max. lasted N valua is > 50 Up to 3m (5«p9t mostly composed of itff stty da y (max. N value S>. within 30m very dense to m edum to coarse sand having max letltd N value is >50 U p to 3m depfi mostly composed of loose fww to medium sand (max- N value 9); Mtthn 30m very dense to medkjm to coarse sand having max. tested N value is > 50 U p to 3m dtp#* mostly composed oi loose sity sand (max. N value 7k within 30m very dense to medium to coerse sand havwig max tested N value it > 50 Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing Central M endan : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin :0 C h a k so r * Asekpur Technical Assistance?Ij7 \ Geological Survey o* Bangladesh P a j e q Asian Disaster Preparedness k * iu t3 Center (AOPC) 30

64 Shakharia Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Erulia Bogra Paurashava Seismic Soil Profile Legend _ J Municipal Boundary r Ward Boundary Water Bodies Soil Classification A - Hard Rock B - Rock C - Very dense soil and soft rock Shabgram H H I D - Dense/ Stiff Soil E Loose/ Soft Soil (Source: OapMtrwni of Envtronmortal Pro**cton Now Jorsoy) Faporc Map Description Madia ' n n t o n n v n Asekpur Tam im A( In d iu u d ChaksoM Asckpur Bogra Cantonment l':n. Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipse*! Falso Easting False Northing Central Meri&an Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest :0 p n p Aslan Disaster Pr*j>ar*dn*ss Asian IntWuM of Tochnotogy L u i r f Center AOPC) ' V (AIT) MSMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 31

65 ! S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h i C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P tl) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (M odm R ) i Bogra Paurashava Peak Ground Acceleration PGA Legend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary r Water Bodies PGA (% of Gravity) * 0 36 r >0.38 i 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p H is to ry This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVievr2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S 06-G P S -1830) was used as reference tor vertical adjustment. r Field Survey Period October.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Projection Parameters SystefT Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) tihpsojd. Everest 1S30 False Easting. s q q o o o False Northing Central Mend»an 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Asian C *nuf (ADPC) P rtp m d n ttt SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 32

66 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Concrete Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend [ ~ ] Munweaf Boundary Ward Boundary VMwBodfft M odsr.ito Dam ago (Number) m m >400 Dam age Level. 1 I Mcxtoral* Eikmw) Com 1 inch = 4, feel R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVww2 image and verified through physical feature survey wsing R TK -G P S and Total Station. S O B BM (S 0 6 -G P S ) was used as reference far vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Projection Parameters P rojedw * System. BangladOTh j r»rts v 9n» Merc* tor (B T M ) tiupsota Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mend van : 90 Scale Factor : 0.$996 Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance e r a Asian Disaster Cantsr (ADPC) 4 t AaiaA InttMurt* of TeclMMloay i*>n SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 33

67 Noongola Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR] Erulia Bogra Paurashava Masonry Building Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend Q J7U Municipal Boundary I I W ard Bo undary Walef Bodw * Moderate Damage (Number) I H H i >800 Damage Level Shabgram A Moderate Extensive Complete Fapore S inch» 4, feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Asekpur Madia Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 50cm resolution Wo*1dVkew2 image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest : 0 Asekpur,, I 4M* Khotta Para Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 34

68 o m ' 7 s - ' uk aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L e g e n d j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at D a y T im e in Person > inch = 4, feet R:F: 1:50,000 in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WoridVfcew2 image and verified throogfc physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period October,2012 to February, Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulator Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Eftpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin [ S 3 : Everest : : 0 Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 35

69 # SIS uk aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive D isaster M anagement Program m e (CDM P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Casualty Estimate lor Building Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Le g e n d _ J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Night Tim e in Person 0* > 4 0 *# S nch * feet R:F: 1:50,000 in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdVkew2 image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Staton SOB BM (SOB-GPS-1630) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenano is based on desktop scrutator Projection Parameters Protection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) E»ip*o«d ; Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance A sian D is n U i Preparedness Cantor (ADPC) 36

70 N o o n go la Shakharia SIS ' TE;' UKStd K S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) E r u l ia Bogra Paurashava Debris Generation S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend C J Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Debris Expected (In Thousands of Tons) I L G E D Office I I > 40 N 1 inch « feet R;F: 1:50,000 in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm rasokjfon WortdVkew2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. A s e k p u r Field Survey Period 0ctober.20l2 to February Damage Scenario is. based on desktop sanulatior Projection Parameters Chaksora Asekpur Tam im A( Indu&iql Khotta Para Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B TM ) EUipso*d Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing : Central Mend*an : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance AM w 0*ms ter Preparedness Aaian m*wuie o«technology 1 ^ Cent##(ADPC) [U T ) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH \S J

71 Noongola Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Erulia Bogra Paurashava Fire Following Earthquake Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Municipal 8our*dary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions 1 2 H 3 WM> 3 Shabgram Fa pore Madia Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdView2 image and verified through phytieal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as rererertce for vertical adjustment. Asekpur Field Survey Period 0ctotwr.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Projection Parameters Projection System Bangiadesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid Everest I&30 False Easting False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scai«Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Asekpur Khotta Para Asian Disaster Pr*p*fodn*»» Asian institute or Technology y i u M Centar (ADPC). (ATT) 38

72 (WN Noon go la Nishindaru S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in I Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Erulia Bogra Paurashava Communication Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network J i Water Bodies Communication Facilities O Mobile Tower A Post Office Telecom Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0% -70% Shabgram >70% Fapore 1 inch a 4,16667 feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History Madia This m ap was prepared on the basis o4 50cm resolution WorfdVfcew2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Asekpur Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest Asekpur Khotta Para e r a i RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 39

73 N oongola S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) E r u l ia Bogra Paurashava Educational Institutes Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend f ~ ] Municipal Bo u ndary W a rd Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Educational Institutes A Cortege O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % % > 7 0 % Shabgram N Fa pore 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Madia Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdView2 image and verified through phytieal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. A s c k p u r Field Survey Period Octobor.2012 to February Dam age Scenario is based on desktop sanulabor Projection Parameters Projection System EUipso«l False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Asekpur Khotta Para Technical Assistance M n i M Asian Disaster Pr»p*rodn*tt Aslan k M M of Technology M M t a ConUr(AOFC) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 40

74 m m m e uk aid * ««««S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Emergency Operation Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend I! Mvnappal B<Aind»ry Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Name of EOC Facilities O C O A ce o Uparfa Office O PouriM/wva Oflke A F re service O Pc*ca Stator F u n ctio n a lity o f E O C F a cilitie s at D a y 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 %. 70% > 7 0 % s H H m Meters 1 inch «4, feel R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WorttView2 image and verified through phytieal feature survey using R T K -G P S end Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenario is. based on desktop sanuiabor Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B T M ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mendtan 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Technical Assistance RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 41

75 «uwi Noongola S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Rajapur Com prehensive D isaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network ^ Waiw BoOkts Medical Care Facilities O Large Hospital A Medium Mosp*al Sma* Hosprtal MedcetCknto Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 * 30% 30% 70% > 7 0 % S h a b g r a m Faporc Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdVww2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S Q B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Asekpur Field Survey Period 0ctotar.2012 to February Damage Scenario n Projection Parameters Projection System Eftpsosd False Easting False Northing Central Mendian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest based on desktop simulator Asekpur «im> Khotta Para Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness f f Centar (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 42

76 Noon go la Shakharia Erulia Nishindara Raja pur S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CC)MP II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR] Bogra Paurashava Power System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 I Legend L, _ j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Mafor Road Network Water Bodies fto PD Office Electric Facilities O Electric Transformer O Sub-Station Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % % >70% Shabgram N Fapore 1 inch feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cnt resolution W orttvtew2 image and I Bogra an ton m en Madia verified through phyweal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -GP S -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period October.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Asekpur Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Mendian : 90 Tam im A( Indiuual Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Chaksoi Asekpur union Khotta Paxa M ian Oiutt»( Preparedness 0 Asian InstNul*» Technology Centw (ADPC) j p (AIT) U ^ a f j RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 43

77 413«00 Noongola S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur C o m p re h e n s iv e D isaste r M an a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (M odmr ) I Erulia Bogra Paurashava Railway Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary I Mayor R oad Network Water Bodies Functionality of Railw ay Bridge at Day 1 <30% 30% -70% >70% I Shabgram Functionality of Railw ay Segm ent at Day 1 <30% 30% - 70% >70% Fapore S 35 70! 1 inch * feel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size! Asekpur M a p H is to ry This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdView2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -GP S -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period October.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop s*mulatior Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance Asekpur Khotta Para A sian D iu it w P u p y d n t u Center (AOPC) 44

78 I «uw> Noongola # mu k aid _ «! _ J S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMRJ I Erulia Bogra Paurashava Road Transport Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend L. _ J Municipal Boundary W ard Boundary Major Road Network I Water Bodies Functionality of Highw ay Bridge at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % Fu n ctio n a lity of 8 u s Fa cilitie s at D a y 1 < 3 0 % A 3 0 % % Shabgram A > 7 0 % Fapore I 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Madia Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdView2 image and venlied through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Stabon S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. I Asekpur Field Survey Period October,2012 to February, Damage Scenano is based on desktop Mmulattor Projection Parameters Projection System EHpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1830 sooooo Technical Assistance I Asekpur Khotta Para Asian D lu ittr P rtp v M lm ii CMKM(AOeC) Asian kismuta of Technology (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 45

79 Noongola Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Erulia Bogra Paurashava Road Segment Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary W ater Bodies Functionality of Road Segment at Day < 3 0 % % - 70% > 7 0 % Shabgram Faporc * # s inch > feet R:F: 1:50,000 in A3 Paper Size Asekpur Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WorfdViev/2 image and verified through physcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period October,2012 to February, Damage Scenario is based on dosktop simulator Projection Parameters Projection System EBipSOid False Easting False Nonhmg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1830 sooooo Asekpur Khotta Para Awan Praparadnaat Asian Institute 9* Technology Cantor (AIT) IM a u M (ADPC) V BANGLADESH 46

80 Noongola _ «i m \ m m m zw Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Erulia Raja pur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C l 3MPII) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Bogra Paurashava Potable Water System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01! _ J Legend I l ltew m artrr I WaWBour^ry Uawy RoadNMMMk % vm* Boo** Potable Water Facilitl** t. P u tiiafl ten* WMKPunp Functionality ot Potabla Wa»*r Facilities a< Oay 1 # < 30% # xm>ro% # >ro% PoOti* Water supply Mrtwork Numbtr <* Mapar Pmt m Shabgram 2-3 >.4 Faporc S inch a 4,16667 feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WorfdVfcew2 image and vonfted through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -18SO ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Asekpur Field Survey Period October.2012 to February Dam age Scenario is based on desktop sanulabor Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Seal* Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest :0 Technical Assistance Asekpur Khotta Para E 3 i RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH -47

81 Noongola Nishindara S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Rajapur Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) j Erulia Bogra Paurashava Natural Gas Supply Network Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend _ ] Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies G as Supply Network Number of Repair per k.m Shabgram Fapore Map History Madia This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdView2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -GP S -1830) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ctober.2012 to February Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulator Asekpur Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin Khotta Para H BANGLADESH 48

82 D i n a j p u r P a u r a s h a v a I Brief Information of the City W \ \ m Dinajpur Paurashava was established in It consists of 12 wards with total area o f 20.6 sq. km. The total population of the Paurashava is about (male 51.48%, female 48.51%). The literacy rate among the town people is about 75.4%. The building Name of the City Name of the Paurashava Dinajpur Dinajpur Pourashava occupancy of the city consists of: Residential (82.25%), Commercial (11.23%), Educational (0-99%), Government Service (1.05%), Industrial (1.93%), Agriculture (1.63%), and Religious (0.92) Year of Establishment: 1887 Total Area 20.6 sq. km Number of Wards 12 Total Population l86727(male-96i39, Female-90588) Population Growth Rate (2011) 1.22% Road Network Railways Waterways Natural Water Bodies km 6.14 km 1.55 sq. km or Acre 1.11 sq.km or Acre Open Space Education Institutions 205 Exixting Structural type in Dinajpur Pourashav: Distribution of Vulnerability Factors in Rangpur loqo Paurashava Health Facilities 47 Re fueling Stations 10 Fire Station 1 Police Station 2 I Masonry 1850 Vulnerability Factors Day & Night Occupants in Rangpur Paurashava Ward Numbers Day Time Occupants Night Time Occupants SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES 149

83 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t In Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (COM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehclgazi Oinajpur Paurashava Population Density Farakkabad Legend f 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Population per sqkm area I >20000 Sekhpura I Bijora 1 inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Meters Map History This map was prepared on tha basis of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station. S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference (or vertical adjustment. Auliapur Shashara Data Source Population and Housing Census Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipse* : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Mencfcan : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Asian Disaster Preparedness f f Asian institute * Tecfinotofy 1*1 * 1 Center (AOPC) (AIT) X BANGLADESH 50

84 Distribution of Different Occupancy Classes in Dinajpur Paurashava Number of Damage Buildings in Dinajpur Paurashava Agricultural y Residential yin d u s tria l m Religion y Agricultural u Governm ent ^H ealthcare ^Education (Mixed Use I Others y Commercial Damage Level C o m p le te E x p e c t e d p h y s i c a l d a m a g e s t a t e s Table 10: Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Tin Shed and Bamboo Structure Total Structure Total Concrete Structure Moderate Damage I Complete Damage Total Masonry Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Zinc Shed and Bamboo Structure Moderate Damage I Complete Damage Scenario 1 Case % % % Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Casei % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % % % % % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % % % % SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 51

85 d e b r i s G e n e r a t i o n Table 11: Expected debris generation for different scenario cases Earthquake Scenario Amount of Debris (million tons) % of Concrete and Steel materials Scenario 1 Case 1 13% Scenario 2 Case % 84% Scenario 3 Case % 65% Scenario 4 Case % 50% Scenario 5 Case % 44% Scenario 6 Case % 25% D A M A G E O F L I F E L I N E S Table 12: Expected damage to lifelines for scenario 3 Case 1 Expected Casualties in Dinajpur Paurashava System Component Total Moderate Damage Complete Damage At least 50% Functional Day 1 Day 7 Segments Highway Bridges Facilities Segments Railway Bridges Facilities BOO Number of Injured People a Night time Casualty Day Tim e Casualty SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 52

86 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) i heheickn Dinajpur Paurashava Geology Farakkabad Legend j Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Channel Barind Deposits Barind C la y Residuum B Depression Deposits Tista Alluvium Fan Deposits Active Channel Deposits A b a n doned Channel Deposits Bar Deposits H Tista F an Deposits 1 1 Back Swamp Deposits Wheat H BFC O fficc Se<hpura 1* ch R F 1: in A3 Paper S u» Bijora Water DeveloprmVit jfo a r d \ fparishal Office Bang adesh A rtic ilturc Education Board Auliapur Shashara Barind day residuum Depression deposits Active channel deposits Abandoned channel deposits Bar deposits Tista fan deposits Back swamp deposits Projection System Ellipse*! False Easting False Northing Central Menrfcan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Barind Deposit Dull yellowish brown (10YR 5/3) and dark brown (10YR 3/4) silt and clayey sit Grey (10YR 5/1) to light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) silt and silty clay with minor amount of sand Tista Alluvium Fan Deposits Light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) to grey (10YR 5/1) medium to fine very loose sand Bluish grey (5B 5/1) to grey <10YR 5/1) and light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) clayey silt, sandy silt and fine sand Dark brown (10YR 3/4) $re> (10YR 5/1) clayey sill and fine sand Brownish grey ( 10YR 5/1) to greyish olive (7.5Y 6/2) and grey (5Y 6/1) silty day and fme sand Dark brown(7 5YR 3/3) to dull yellow (2 5Y 6/3) and light yellow (2.5Y 6/3) to yel ow brown (2.5Y 5/4) clayey silt and very fine to foe sand Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest : 0 \ Geological Survey of Bangladesh i S3* tose( i i. * 1 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 53

87 m UKBtd e S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehelgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Geomorphology Legend Farakkabad j- ' j Municipal Boundary Tista Fan Major Road Network Active Channel * Active Channel Abandoned Channel Barind Tract Younger Point Bar Barind Terrace Old Point Bar Depression Alluvial Plain Back Swamp «36 70 SekhpuraU nion 1 r a h feet R.F. 1:38,000 in A J Piper S««e Bijora Bannd terrace Barmd vaaey Depression Active channel Intermittent channel Abandoned channel Young point bar OM poeu bar Natural levee Alluvial plan Back swamp Barind terrace Elevated highly oxidved tawe ike Ipndform ei the south oi Ihe Tista Fan consists of s* and clayey srft Irregular shaped narrow as we* as broad erowonal landkxm vmthvi the Bannd terrace cons»ts s<1 and srty day IrregUUr shaped water bodies wiffwi the Bannd tract consists oi tfry d s y Tista Fan Channel with flowing water consist of medium to fine sand Channels havwig seasonal flow of water consist of sandy silt and t f t H W j Elongated wide as wet as narrow channels without water loaned the shrftmg of strea courses and f«ed by sandy and silty sand Crescent shaped recent accumulation of sand along the meandenng channels deposited at the western side of Ihe area Crescent shaped older accumulation of sand along the meandenng channel* deposited at the western skjc ot the area Elongated irregular over bank deposit along the abandoned channel at Ihe north-east comer of the area consists of silt and medium to fine sand Distal part of the Tista Fan having southward gentle slope consisted of srfty clay and fine sand Irregular shape depressed areas in the T s la Fan consists of clayey silt and very fine to fine sand Auliapur Shashara Projection System EHlpSOMl False Easting False Northing Central Mendian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest :0 Technical Assistance / j 1 ' Geological Survey of Bangladesh y j y (066) fce. * i Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (AOPC) N BANGLADESH 54

88 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR ) Dinajpur Paurashava Engineering Geology Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Actrve Channel Engineering Units Unit - 1 I Unit U nit-iii ^ 1 Unit - IV U n it-v Sekhpura Meters 1 inch« feel R:F: 1:35,000 in A3 Paper Size Engineering P rop w M i Bijora UM-I Up 10 3m tnothty composed o< kbff Mt* day (man N value IS) and loose to medum dame sandy tety (me*. Nvafus 11)««<n*n 30 m very dan*efne Mod having me* lasted N vaiue a > SO Unill lip to 3m depth mosey composed of medium stiff to vily day (max. N value 15). lmltwi 30m very dome *r«tand having max lasted N value it >50 Uni-Ill UTK-JV Up to 3m depdimoaty composed of medum dense sandy nit and fcna sand (max. N value 18). vwffwt 30m very arty land hermg mas tested N vofcm 50 lip to 3m dapdi moa*y composed of msdum dsnst to loose ins send (msx N value 101 WWvn 30m <teraa Uty aand havng max tasted N vatu* t» 43 Un4-V Up to 3m dspdi moafy composed of msdtom dense sandy tat (man N value 26) and. tnetand and sandy «( i m > N value IS ) WtNn 30m dam e n#y sand havtng max totted N «t M * 40 Auliapur Shashara Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipeoid Everest 1830 False Easting Fabe Northing Central Meridian 90 Seafe Factor Latitude of Origin Technical Assistance Geological Survey of B a n g M n h 1 (GSB) L - ~ J I SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 155

89 mukam S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s C o m p re h e n s iv e D is aste r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D V Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (M odm R ) Dinajpur Paurashava Seismic Soil Profile Legend "~ 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Soil Classification A - Hard Rot* B Rock C - Very dense soil and soft rock ;" j D - Dense/ Stiff Soil E - Loose/ Soft Soil (So u k * Deporfnefli oi Envronmental Pro*ec»on. Now Jersey) S inch * 2, fee* R;F; 1: in A3 Paper Size M ap History Di n*-/ Stiff Soil Projection Parameters Projector) System ; Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsorf Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin (Source ASCE-7 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster 56

90 n n ~ w.~ u k aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h S I laps* L - C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chchclgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Peak Ground Acceleration PGA Farakkabad Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary L J Ward Boundary Water Bodies PGA (% of Gravity) { I >0.38 Sekhpura S Bijora 1 inch * feel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Auliapur Shashara Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November.2012 to April Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System EKpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude o f Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance E 2 Asian D lu tic ' Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 57

91 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme {CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Concrete BuiWing Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Le ge n d C I. j Municipal Boundary I Ward Boundary Water Bodies M oderate Dam age (N um b er) i 0 *200 H >800 Damage Level.1 Moderate Extensive I Complete 1 inch * 2, feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Si2e Map History This map was prepared on the b a s s of 50cm resolution WorldView-2 image and verified through phywcsl feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to April, Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Elhpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Everest Technical Assistance era Asian Oi»atter Asian Institute of Technology SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 58

92 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehelgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Masonry Building Damage S ce nario 03, C ase 01 Farakkabad Sekhpura Legend L j Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Num ber) r ^ >800 D am age Level.1 Bijora 1 inch» feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Auliapur Shashara Map History This map was prepared on (he basis of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for verfcal adjustment. Field Survey Period November,2012 to April Damage Scenario is based on desktop sanitation Projection Parameters Protection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) EMptoW Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin E S : : 0 Technical Assistance S E I S M IC R ISK A S S E S S M E N T IN B A N G L A D E S H 59

93 m m a v 5 w," i s -i t (r^ Gr S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM PTI) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend r * 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Day Time in Person i o - ' Q H I B >40 * # s Bijora 1 inch « feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Staton S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to Apnl Damage Scenario is tased on desktop s*nulauon Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Merc/ tor (B TM ) Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Everest : 0 Technical Assistance RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 60

94 3 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend r 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Night Time in Person f j ^ P ) > Bijora 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on tha basis of 50cm resolution WoridVfcew-2 image and vonliad through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period November,2012 to April, 2013 Damage Scenano is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTW ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : : 0 Technical Assistance E 3 i I BANGLADESH 61

95 m o B uk aid 0 SSI HNWI El 1 X * w i s F I S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P «[ Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (M odm R ] Chchclgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Debris Generation Scenario 03, Case 01 Furakkabad Legend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Debris Expected < In thousands of tons) I l a -io Sckh pura > Bijora 1 inch feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Auliapur Shashara Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution World View -2 unage and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference tor vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to April Dam age Scenano is based on desktop sanuiakon Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance tsra V Asian Institute of Technology <"T) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 62

96 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h B ill m m m i i SST Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) C h ch d g a zi Dinajpur Paurashava Fire Following Earthquake Scenario 03, Case 01 Farakkabad Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions Sekhpura U nion W + ^ * K Bijora 1 inch - 2,91667 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Auliapur Shashara Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W ortjvw w -2 image and venfied through phyweal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period Novemter.2012 to April Damage Scenano is based on desktop s*mu(atoon Projection Parameters Protection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance E 3 Asian Ditatter Preparedness Center (ADPC) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 163

97 O a s S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) uheneuaz Dinajpur Paurashava Communication Facilities Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend Farakkabad Ramnagar# Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Wheat I Research^ Substation Water Bodies Communication Facilities O Mobile Tower A Post Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Oay 1 < 30% 3 0 % -7 0 % Sckhpura > 70% N Bijora Water 1 inch « feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdVtew-2 image and verified through phywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB*GPS*3S8) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period Auliapur U n io n B^lgjadcsh m M I m JJpvclopmcnt Shashara November, 2012 to April Damage Scenano is based on desktop Simula toon Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Nextttmg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance n v w M Asian Disaster Pr»p*rodn*tt Asian k M M or Technology M a i l i CenUr (ADPC) V (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 64

98 m S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s! Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDWIP 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Educational Institutes Damage S ce nario 03, C ase 01 Legend r- *' i j I Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Educational Institutes A College O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% 1 inch - 2,91667 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resoiufon WortdVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to April, Damage Scenano is tased on desktop sanutafcon Projection Parameters Projection System EDipSOMl False Easting False Northing Central Mendtan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B T M ) Everest : : era Technical Assistance JUihi (Muster P n p a rtd n m C*nt«f (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 165

99 6 a s S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive Disaster M anagement Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehelgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Emergency Operation Facilities Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend (!1 J Municipal Boundary Farakkabad Ram n agar Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Name of EOC Facilities Wheat I Research,/ Substation O A DC office Paurashava Office Fire Station Police Station Functionality of EO C Facilities at Day 1 <30% Sekhpura 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% N Pun shad Office Bijora Water iment lucation 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W ortovww-2 image and venfied through phyweal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Static*. S O B BM (SOB-GPS*3S8) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Auliapur Bangladesh AfftnkM M Development Shashara Field Survey Period November,2012 to April Damage Scenano is based on desktop s*nulaaor Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipse*! False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest 1S : : 0 Technical Assistance A*i»»i D4i**t*r Pr»p*rodn*ti Asian InstMuta o* Technotoey L i i l i i CenUr(AOPC). (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 66

100 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive D isaste r M anagement Program me (C D Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehelgazi Dinajpur Paurasliava Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L egend r 1 Municipal Boundary Farakkabad Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Medical Care Facilities Large Hospital A Medium Hospital SmaR Hospital Medical Clinic Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 <30% Sekhpura 30% -7 0 % >70% N Bijora 1 inch - 2,91667 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through phyweal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November.2012 to April, Oamage Scenano is based on desktop simutatoon Shashara Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Elhpso«J : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : 0-999$ Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance M ian Diaaster Preparedness 0 Asian Instttutt of Technology L a iu M Center (ADPC) V (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 67

101 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Power System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend P 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Electric Facilities Electric Transformer Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 < 30% 30% -7 0 % > 70% s inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on tha basts of 50cm resolution WortdVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period November,2012 to Apnl Damage Scenario «based on desktop smulabon Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipsoid ; Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing Central Meridian : 90 Seal* Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 68

102 MMM S e is m te R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMF Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Chehelgazi Dinajpur Paurashava Railway Facilities Damage S ce nario 03, C ase 01 Legend Farakkabad \ 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Railway Bridge at Oay 1 <30% 30% -7 0 % >70% Functionality of Railway Segment at Day <30% 30% - 70% Sekhpura > 70% Bijora A uliapur Shashara Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WorfdVtow-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period November, 2012 lo April, 2013 Damage Scenario is based on desktop Simula bon Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) E Kptoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 E 3 i SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 169

103 sts uk aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P I Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurasfiava Road Transport Faculties Oamage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend Farakkabad [ 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Functionality of Highway Bridge at Day 1 <30% Wheat I Research^ Substation 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% Functionality of Bus Facilities at Day 1 A <30% A 3 0 % -7 0 % Sekhpura A >70% N Pan shad Office Bijora Water Dcva^opiynt lu cation 1 inch « feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortoView-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Static*. S O B BM (SOB-GPS*3S8) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to April Damage Scenano is based on desktop s*nulatoor Auliapur Agriculture Development Shashara Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparation d f Aslan Institute of Technology L i u M Center (ADPC) V (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 70

104 F&i 1 0 k 1 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Dinajpur Paurashava Road Segment Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend ^ 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Functionality of Road Segment at Day < 30% 30% -7 0 % > 70% 1 inch - 2, feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution World View-2 image and verified through phys*al feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station. S O B BM (SOB-GP S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period No ember 2012 toa<>nl, Dam age Scenario is based on desjctop sjmulatton Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) EHipso«d : Everest 1830 False Easting : Falsa Norewng : Central Msncfcan : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance tsa i 4 F Asten m*wvt* Ttctow iew W 1- T) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 71

105 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) O im w IM Dinajpur Paurashava Potable Water System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Farakkabad Q 1 Municipal Boundary W ard Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Potable Water Facilities Overhead Tank A Water Pum p Functionality of Potable Water Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % SekhpuraUnkm >70% W - ^ E s Bijora 1 inch * feel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Auliapur Shashara Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -388) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period November,2012 to April Damage Sceneno is based on desktop samulauon Projection Parameters Projection System EBipSOid False Easting False Nonhmg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest 1830 sooooo :0 Technical Assistance A»»i PreparadnMt Asian Inswwi# * Technology Conttf (AIT) imiuftb A04>C) V SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 72

106 M y m e n s i n g h P a u r a s h a v a Mymensingh Paurashava was established in It consists of 21 wards and 85 mahallas with total area of sq. km. The total population of the Paurashava is about (male 51.20%, female 48.80%). The literacy rate among the town people is about 73.9%. The building occupancy of the city consists of: Residential (82.79%), Commercial (12.58%), Educational (1.30%), Government Service (1.34%), Industrial (2.26%), Agriculture (0.34%), and Religious (0.73). Name of the City Name of the Paurashava Year of Establishment Brief Information of the City Mymensingh Mymensingh Pourashava sq. km Number of Wards Total Papulation 258o4o(Male , Female ) Population Growth Rate (2011) Road Network Railways Waterways Natural Water Bodies km km 3.23 sq. km or 797 acre 1.87 km or acre Open Space acre Structural type in Mymenshingh Paurashava Vulnerability factors in Mymensingh Paurashava Education Institutions 24% ± Health Facilities 64 5 m^ 5000 Re-fueling Stations 59% 17% u -D E 0 Soft Heavy Short Pounding Storey overhang Column Concrete Masonry Cl Sheet & Others Vulnerability Factors Day & Night Occupants in Mymensingh Paurashava E S i E z r r H a l i Ward Numbers Day Tim e Occupants Night Tim e Occupants SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 73

107 6 m Aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Roads & Highway Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Office Population Density Khagdahar Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Population per sqkm area Char Ishwardia Upzilla Porishod >20000 Akua S inch «3.750 feet R;F: 1 ; in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S -6117) was used as reference lor vertical adjustment. Data Source Population and Housing Census Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Projection Parameters B arry (Kewatkhali) Protection System Elhpso«f False Easting False Northmg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin E S ; Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 74

108 Distribution of Different Occupancy Classes in Mymensingh Paurashava Expected Casualties in Mymensingh Paurashava 475 Year Industrial 2475year R e ligio n H Industrial M Education ig o v e rn m e n t H Commercial H e a lth C a re Agricultural G o v e r n m e n t Number of Injured People J Night Tim e Casualty Day Time Casualty E x p e c t e d p h y s i c a l d a m a g e s t a t e s Table 13: Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Tin Shed and Bamboo Structure Total Concrete Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Masonry Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Zinc Shed and Bamboo Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Scenario 1 Case % % % % % % Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Case % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % % % igo6i 71.15% % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % % % % I 75

109 D e b r is G e n e r a t i o n Table 14: Expected debris generation for different scenario cases I Earthquake Scenario Amount of Debris (million tons) % of Concrete and Steel materials % of Brick and Wood materials Scenario 1 Case % 33% Scenario 2 Case % 33% Scenario 3 Case % 28% Scenario 4 Case % 28% Scenario 5 Case % 28% Scenario 6 Case % 30% D a m a g e t o U t i l i t y S y s t e m s Table 15: Expected damage to utility systems for different scenario cases System Total Length Pipelines No. of Leaks No. of Breaks (km ) Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case 2 Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case 2 Potable Water D a m a g e o f L i f e l i n e Fa c i l i t i e s Number of Damage Buildings in Mymensingh Paurashava Table 16: Expected damage to lifelines for scenario 3 case 1 System Component Total Moderate Damage Complete Damage At least 50% Functional Day 1 Day 7 Segments 2936 Highway Bridges Years 1475 Years 2475 Years Facilities Segments Railway Bridges I BANGLADESH 76

110 Com prehensive D isaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Geology Legend Municipal Boundary Old Flood Plain Deposits Major Road Network Abandoned Channel Deposits j p r Active Channel Bar Deposits Young Flood Plain Deposits Natural Levee Deposits Active Channel Deposits Flood Rain Deposits Bar Deposits Flood Basin Deposits Depression Deposits Active channel Bar deposits Abandoned channel deposits Bar deposits Natural levee deposits Flood plain deposits Flood basin deposits Depression deposits Young Flood Plain Oeposits Grey (N3) to light grey (N7) fine to medium sand Light olive grey (SY 4/1) micaceous very fine to medium sand Old Flood Plain Deposits Greenish black (5GY 2/1). moderate yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) to greemsh grey (SGY 6/1) sandy silt and micaceous fine to medium sand Light olive grey (SY 4/1) very fine to medium sand with micas Olive brown (5Y 6/6). greemsh black (5G 2/1) and light bluish grey (SB 7/1) fine sand and silty day Light dive grey (5Y 5/2) to reddish brown <10R 4/6) silty day with olive grey (5Y 5/2) to dark greenish grey (5GY 4/1) micaceous sand Bluish grey (56 51) to grey (10Y R51) clayey srft and grey ( 10Y R51) to yellowish brown (10YR S/4) silty day with organic matters Moderately olive brown <5Y 4/4) to greenish black (SG 2/1) day and very fine to medium sand with silty day Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator <BTM) Ellipse*) : Everest 1830 False Easbog Faho NortNng Central Mendian :90 Scale Factor latitud* of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance f f F f t O*0»«0**l Sun** Of n n n A*ian D Iu U m Pr*p*r*<Jn*»fc <GS0» L I u M C*n tw (A O P C ) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 77

111 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR] Mymensingh Paurashava Geomoqphology Legend Q ~ ~ j Municipal Boundary Old Flood Plain (Mymensingh Terrace) Major Road Network I Active Channel Young Flood Plain Depression Flood Basin Flood Plain B Active Channel i Natural Levee Z j Lateral Bar Point Bar Ox-bow Lake 1 inch r foet R F : 1:45,000 na 3 Paper Sue Young Flood Plain Active Broad, straight Old Bramhmaputra channel with channel flowing water consist of sand Lateral Bar Elongated active accumulation of sand along the bank of river consist of medium of fine sand Old Flood Plain Depression Irregular shaped deepest areas within the flood plain and flood basins having permanent water bodies consisting of sticky day with organic matter Flood Irregular shaped deepest areas within the floodplain Basin and flood basins having permanent water bodies consisting of sticky day with organic matter Flood plain Broad flat areas extended from the river remain above normal flood level consisted of red to reddish brown colored silty clay and dayey sill Natural Levee Point bar Ox-bowlafce Irregular shaped accumulation of sediments along the bank and sloping away from either side towards the flood plain consists of silty day Crescent shaped accumulation of sand along the channel deposited at older flood plain Ox-bow-shaped body of water that formed by neck cut of meander channels consist of sandy silt and sand Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False NortNng : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin. 0 Technical Assistance 0*<4ogte*l Survey of (CS8) P ^ n e s U i i n O l u t ie P r»»r i4 n n t kitejail Cento (AOPC) BANGLADESH 78

112 m S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive D isaster Management Program m e (COMP Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Engineering Geology Legend Q J Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Channel Engineering Unit Engineering Properties Unrt-I U p to 3m depth mostly composed of stiff d a y (m ax. N value 12). loose silt (max. N value 9 ). very loose sand (m ax. N value 4 ) Within 39m very dense sidy sand havmg max. tested N value is > 50 U nih I Up to 3m depth mostly composed of loose sand (m ax. N value 6 ) Within 30m dens* sand having max tested N value is 40 Unit-III U p to 3m depth mostly composed of loose to medium sand (m ax. N value 11). Within 30m dense sjty sand having max tested N value * 3 $ UnH-IV lip to 3m mostly composed of loose sand and sandy silt (m ax, N value 9). Within 30m dense sand having max tested N value is> SO Protection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 S cale Factor Latitude of Origin Technical Assistance ^27* O«o*oyc«l Sucyy d W GM M n H J I Asien 0»SMt*f PrapsrMloess L i u M Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 79

113 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Seismic Soil Profile Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Soil Classification ^ A - Hard Rock B Rock C - Very dense soil and soft rock D Dense/ Stiff Soil E - Loose/ Soft Soil <Sour«o: Dopartmonl of 6nv»o«nort*l P»ot*C*oo. No«* Mr*9y) M a p H is to ry S4t«CUm SoU Typo Sit* CU.M Soil Type A D O n s r/ Stiff Soil H (fork c Very draw ftoal and» A E- Loom/ Soft Soil rack P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Projection System E«ip»c«d Fates Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1830 sooooo Asian (Muster Proparodnest Aslan InsWurt* of Technology U ^ a C^ (AOeC ) V^E, tmt) S E IS M IC RISK A S S E S S M E N T IN B A N G L A D E S H 80

114 O SIS w uk aid S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM R II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Peak Ground Acceleration PGA Legend ~ 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies PGA (% of Gravity) ' H >0.38 Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image a nd verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S - 117) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian O tim tw Pr*pifodn*t» L t ^ a C t*<adpc) Aslan Instttwte o» Technology (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 81

115 SIS I IK. I " Roads & Highway Khagdahar BA DC Office S ifta 2 Public Health Enjyneerim Upzilla Char Ishwardia Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Legend j_j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Mymensingh Paurashava Concrete Building Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Moderate D am age (N um b er) B H H >800 D am age Level.1 I Moderate Extensive Complete Akua 1 inch * 3,750 feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on Ihe b a s s of 50cm resolution WoridVtew-2 image and verified through phys*cal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference (or vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to Sefftember Dam age Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Baera (Kcwatkhali) Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Elhpsoad Everest 1&30 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness # Aslan Institute of Technology l U u i B CenUr(AOPC) ^ (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 82

116 S im Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Banglades! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM IPII) Roads & Highway BA DC Office Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Legend Mymensingh Paurashava Masonry Building Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Khagdahar Public Health Engineerim j j Municipal Boundary Wftrd Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) i6 B r t Char Ishwardia I H >800 D am age Level Moderate Upzilla Extensive Complete Akua M a p History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVfcew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -B 117) was used as reference lor vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June,2012 lo September a m age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Barra (Kewatkhali) Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest EZi33 ; i B AN G LAD E S H 83

117 S ir la Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Banglades Roads & Highway Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CD Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L e g e n d Khagdahar Public- '--'**. Health Engineering I 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Uprilln Porishod University Char Ishwardia I n ju r ie s a t D a y T i m e in P e r s o n 0-10 WM I H B >40 A k u a S inch * (eel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p H is to ry This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdVkew-2 image and verified through physcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total St*t»oc S O B BM (SOB-GPS -8117) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. F ie ld S u r v e y P e r io d June.2012 to September, 2012 Dam age Scenano is based on desktop simulation P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs B a rra (K cw atkhali) Projection System E U p te tt False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance fciiinoii«t»fprtp««dn#»» A»i«o Wiktrtut* Technology 1 ^ Center (AW *) 'T jf (AfT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 84

118 m S i m Seism fe R isk A sse ssm e n t in Banglades! Roads & Highway Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend Khagdahar P 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Night Time in Person Char Ishwardia * 4 0 >40 Akua N inch * fee! R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdVfcew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June,2012 to September Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Barra (Kewatkhali) Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest Technical Assistance BANGLADESH 85

119 m Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Banglade; Roads & Highway Office Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Debris Generation Scenario 03, Case 01 Khagdahar Legend ( I Municipal Boundary I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Debris Expected ( In thousands of tons) Char Ishwardia l -m >40 Akua S inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WoridVtew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September, 2012 Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters B a r r a (Kewatkhali) Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance 8 6

120 0 \ UKMd Highway.Q ffie c S im Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Bangladesl Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Office Mymensingh Paurashava Fire Following Earthquake Scenario 03. Case 01 Khagdahar Publk Hcalll K n y ln Legend ( ~ I Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions a Char Ishwardia *orish< 13 Akua s inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50c>n resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through phywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Baera (Kewatkhali) Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario ts based on desktop Simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude o f Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness 0 Aslan InstKule * Technology U ^ a Center (AOPC) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 87

121 Roads & Highway Mymensingh Paurashava Communication Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Khagdahar Publii HcalH Ineering Char Ishwardia Legend [ _ ] Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Com munication Facilities O Mobile Tower O Post Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Day 1 <30% 30% -7 0 % >70% Akua 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bacra (Kcwatkhali) Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -6117) was used as reference for venicai adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Protection System. Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Elhpsod : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance M n M Asian D o m m Pr»p*r*dn*i* d f Asian Wiktrtut* Technology * 1 Center (ADPC) (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 88

122 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Educational Institutes Damace Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Educational Institutes A College O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis o4 50cm resolution WortdVkew-2 image and verified through phywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference (or vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B T M ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor 0939$ Latitude of Origin 0 Asian Disaster Preparedness i f Aaian Institute o* Technotofly U a ^ a Cem tf(adpc) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK AS S ES S M E N T IN B AN G LAD E S H 89

123 Roads & Highway Sirta Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaste r Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Emergency Operation Facilities Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Khagdahar Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary ( = Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Name of EO C Facilities Char Ishwardia A O FSCD Paurashava Office O Police Super Office O QutoaE Model Thana Functionality of EOC Facilities at Day 1 <30% 30% *70% > 7 0 % * 0 S Akua 1 inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Staton S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference (or vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Bacra (Kcwatkhali) Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipse*! Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Ongin 0 Technical Assistance E - 3 Asian (Muster Prsparsdn«as Asian InstMul* e f Tscftnotogy C ^ f( A D * * C ) (AIT) EISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 90

124 Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 L egend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Medical Care Facilities Large Hospital A Medium Hospital Small Hospital Medical Clinic Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % -7 0 % > 7 0 % 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 5 0 o n resolution W oddview -2 image and v e rfe d through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June 2012 to September Dam age Scenario a based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator <8TM ) Ellipses Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central M endian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance I T T?!! AsImi Disaster Preparedness 0 Asian Institute o» Technology ktfiuafl Center (AOPC) V (Alt) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 91

125 Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CC IMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Roads & Highway.Qffiec Mymensingh Paurashava Power System Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend Khagdahar I Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Electric Facilities Char Ishwardia O Electric Transformer Sut>-Station Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 <30% 30% -7 0 % >70% N Akua 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WorldVtew-2 image and verified through phywcsl feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total S la to n S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference (or vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Bacra (Kcwatkhali) Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing r Central Mendian : 90 Scale FecK* : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparation i f Asian Institute or Technology L i u a i Csrtftr (ADPC) V (ATT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 92

126 O UKSid mu jfib Seismic Risk Assessm ent in Roads & Highway Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CO Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Railway Facilities Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Khagdahar Publii Hcalll I nee ring M y m c n s i Char Ishwardia Legend L. j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Railway Bridge at Day 1 < 30% 3 0 % -7 0 % > 70% Functionality of Railway Segment at Day < 3 0 % 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% N Akua 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resokiion WoftdVbew-2 image end verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Bapra (Kcwatkhali) Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting Falsa Northing Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness 0 Aaian instmul* o» Technology U a ^ a Cem tr(adpc) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 93

127 Seismft Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) M ymenstngh P au rash ava Road Transport Facilities Damage Scenario 0 3, Case 01 Legend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Highway Bridge at Day 1 <30% 30%-70% >70% Functionality of Bus Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % a >70% Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September, 2012 Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale F edor Latitude of Origin : Everest : 90 : : 0 A*I»H Pr» >ar«dn**» Aslan InstKut* ef Technetogy lm iu * a C*ntM (ADPC) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 94

128 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh - Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Mymensingh Paurashava Road Segment Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend J Municipal Boundary L J Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality o f Road Segment at Day <30% % - 70% >70% Map History This m ap was prepared on the b a ss of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image end verified through phywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 to September Dam age Scenario ts based on desktop sim ulator Projection Parameters Protection System E Hip 50X1 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness i f Aslan Institute» Technology M m S B Center (ADPC) i\ (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 95

129 Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Roads & Highway.Qffiec Mymensingh Paurashava PotaWe Water System Damage Scenario 03. Case 01 Legend f ~ * 1 Muniooal Boundary Khagdahar I I Ward Boundary Major Road Networii Water Bodes Potable Water Facilities C L. Overhead Tank Water Pump Functionality of Potable Water Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % Char Ishwardia 3 0 % - 70% * 70 % Potable Water supply Network Number of Repair Per k.m ^ * > 4 Akua 1 inch 3,750 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the b a s s of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through phys*cal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period June.2012 lo September Dam age Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Bacra (Kcwatkhali) Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest Technical Assistance E g Asim i Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 96

130 R a j s h a h i C i t y C o r p o r a t i o n Rajshahi Paurashava w as established in 1876 and finally, Rajshahi Paurashava w as declared Rajshahi C ity C orporation in It consists o f 30 w ards and 175 mahallas w ith to tal area of sq. km. Th e total populatio n o f th e C ity C o rp o ra tio n is a b o u t (m ale 51.80%, fem ale 48.20% ). Th e literacy rate a m o n g th e to w n people is a bout 72%. Th e building oc cu p a n cy o f th e c ity consists of: Residential (83.84% ), C om m ercial (13.98%), Educational (0.76% ), G o vern m ent Service (0.13%), Industrial (0.9 4% ), A g ricultu re (0.05% ), and Religious (0.30). Name of the City Nam e o f th e Paurashava Year o f Establishment Rajshahi Rajshahi City Corporation Rajshahi Paurashava Established in i8 7 6.Th e Paurashava u pg rade to Rajshahi C ity C orporation in sq. km. N um ber o f W ards 30 Wards Total Population ( Male , Female ) Population G row th Rate (2011) 1.25% Road N etw ork km Railways km W aterw ays 2.66 sq.km or acre Natural W ater Bodies 1.65 sq.km o r 407 acre O p e n Space sqm or acre Structural type of Rajshahi City Corporation Vulnerability Factors in Rajshahi City Corporation Education Institutions Health Facilities Re-fueling Stations Police Station: Concrete Masonry 1 Cl-Sheet+Others Vulnerability Factors Day & Night Occupants in Rajshahi City Corporation SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 97

131 Joynagar Seismic Risk Assessment in Hujuri P a r a Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Population Density Legend 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary H n M n a Water Bodies Population per sqkm area I > inch = 4, feel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Map History This m ap was prepared on Ihe b a s s of 50cm resolution WortdView-2 image and verified through phy*eal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Haripur Data Source Population and Housing Census Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Treiwverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance E23 Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) * SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 98

132 E X P E C T E D P H Y S I C A L D A M A G E S T A T E S Table 17 : Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Tin Shed and Bamboo Structure Total Concrete Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Masonry Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage Total Zinc Shed and Bamboo Structure Moderate Damage I Complete Damage Scenario 1 Case % o.oo% % 2 D.00% % o 0.00% Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Case % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % % % % % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % % % % D e b r i s G e n e r a t i o n Table 18 : Expected debris generation for different scenario cases Distribution of Differents Occupancy Classes in Rajshahi City Corporation Earthquake Scenario Am ount of Debris (million tons) % of Concrete and Steel materials % of Brick and Wood materials Scenario 1 Case % 88% Scenario 2 Case % 90% Scenario 3 Case % 63% Scenario 4 Case % 43% Scenario 5 Case % 44% Scenario 6 Case % 32% SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 99

133 D A M A G E O F L I F E L I N E S Table ig: Expected damage to lifelines for scenario 3 case 1 Total At least 50% Functional Dayi Day 7 I S e g m e n ts H ig h w a y B rid g e s 1 0 a 1 1 S e g m e n ts R a ilw a y Facilities Bus Facilities a 9 D a m a g e t o U tility Sys tem s Table 2 o: Expected damage to utility systems for different scenario cases System Total Length Pipelines No. of Leaks No. of Breaks (km ) Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case 2 Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case 2 Scenario 3 Case 1 Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Case 1 Scenario 6 Case 2 Potable W a te r Number of Damage Buildings in Rajshahi City Corporation Expected Casualties in Rajshahi City Corporation 2475year E xte nsive Damage Level Complete Number of Injured People 4 3 year 475 year 2475 year I N ight T im e Casualty D ay T im e C asualty SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 100

134 Joynagar Seismte Risk Assessment in H i u u r i *>ara Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (< Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Geotogy Legend Dam kur [ M Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Channel Parila Ganges Flood Plain Deposits H Active Channel Deposit* Haragram Intermittent Channel Deposits Abandoned Channel Deposits Bar Deposits Natural Levee Deposits Flood Plain Deposits Back Swamp Deposits U«h n 1 inch " feet R:F 1 ^8.000 in A3 Paper Su* Haripur Harian G a n ge s F lo od Plain Deposits Active channel U g h l grey (1 0 Y R 7/1) lo grey (1 0 Y R 5/1) m edium to deposits coarse graioed sand with silt Intermittent channel G rey (1 0 Y R 5/1) to light brownish grey (1 0 Y R 6 /2 ) deposit clayey to sandy silt and silty sand Abandoned G re y (1 0 Y R 5/1) to light brownish grey (1 0 Y R 6/2) fine Channel deposits sand to d a ye y silt Bar deposit* Light grey (1 0 Y R 7/1) lo grey (1 0 Y R 5/1). medium to coarse sand Natural leeve G rey (1 0 Y R 5.1 > to tight brownwh grey (1 0 Y R 6'2> silty deposits sand and sandy silt Flood plain G re y (1 0 Y R 5/1), bght grey (1 0 Y R 7/1) to hght brownish deposits grey (10YR 6/2) sandy sit and da y Back swamp G re y (1 0 Y R 5/1). bluish grey (5 B 5/1) to dark grey deposits (1 0 Y R 4/1) sticky d a y with high organic ma terial Projection System ; Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing : Central Mendum : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Geological Survey of Bangladesh (OSB) l it a a i Asian 0I» ter Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES 101

135 f Si \ «r- una*d A Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Geomorphology Legend Q H Municipal 8<xjndary D a m k u r Major Road Network Active Channel True Tcrmii Parila Ganges Flood Plain Active Channel Intermittent Channel Abandoned Channel Lateral Bar Natural Levee Higher Flood Plain C a n to n m e n t Lower Flood Plain j / j Back Swamp B a n g la d e s h Rifels Stadium 1 mch « < +' DC Office B R TC Bus T e r m i n a l K a js lv a h i University Radio Centre channel rn»im«n»»*n channel f t f : 1:56,000 in A3 P*par G m g n Flood Plain Cftiiwd«ftp«i»iniilwlit<w>liiwjiwiaumflMini<Mi>ilii<iaiw Charmela having apftamarai tour otiwtor having dtoyey to aandyam and atty Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Natural Ov* shaped eccummrton of sand along tie bank of Vie Padmeitoar dacca*ad by tha rfrer Sow Elongaflad knear accunxaabon of sediments on eflher banks of the river consls a l «Wy sand and sandy tfl Higher flood Wide pt*n land extended fom vie river above normal flooding oonwstscrf plain aandymi andctav Lower flood PUm land «wdwi the Nghec flood plain undar normal 1tood*ig consists of jptatn aanftrsa andday tack IrreyAer shaped rlwpran ari ereaa vddiin the floodplain oonaiat a l socfcy day Haripur Harian Projection System ; Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) EHipsorf : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Menctan : go Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance \ Geological Survey of Bangladesh S s W (CSS) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 102

136 H iyuri P a r a Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CO M P If) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Engineering Geology Legend Dam kur ^ 1 Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Abandoned Channel Active Channel Engineering Unit Bangladesh A, Rifrls Stadium Rail Station D C OfTirr Rajshahi University 1 inch - 4, feet R :F : 1: in A 3 Paper S u e 'cntral BR TC Bus Terminal Radio Unit-1 Engineering Properties U p to 3m depth mostly composed of m edum dense stifl d a y (max. Yusufpur N value 12). Within 39m dense fine to medium sand having max. tested N value is 30 Katakhali Paurashava (Jnit-ll Unit-Ill Up to 3m depth mostly composed of loose to medium dense sandy silt (m ax. N value 11) and stiff d a ye y &M (max. N values 10). Within 30m very dense siny sand having max tested N value «s» 50 U p to 3m depth mostly composed of m edum to fine very loose to loose sand (max. N value 10). N value increese with depth Haripur Harian Unit-IV U p to 3m mostly composed ot loose silty sand (m ax N value 5) Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central M e n to n Scale F a d o f Latitude of Ongin Within 30m dense sandy silt having max tested N value «s> 50 Bangladesh Transvrnfu* Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1d Technical Assistance V & » > Geological Survey of Bangladesh F ^ T l Aslan Disaster P rtfw td n tii RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 103

137 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in I Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Seismic Soil Profile Dam kur Legend ( ~ 1 Municipal Boundary True Terminal 17 Parila Ward Boundary Water Bodies Soil Classification H A - Hard Rock B Rock C - Very dense soil and soft rock D Dense/ Stiff Soil H e - Loose/ Soft Soil langladcsh iifcls19 {Source Department of Envaonmanlal Piotechon. New JtiN y ) Station s U n i v r l fly Radio Tm&mission Centre 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Y u sufpu i M a p H is to ry Kaiakhali Paurashava Site Clate Soil Trpe Site CUm SoUTyp* O O n e r / Still Soil U Stock c Very dense mm) and *oft E Looar/ Soft Soil rock I Source ASCE 7) Haripur Harian P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Protection System EMipsttd False Easting False Northing Cantral Mend«an Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness # Aslan Institute 9* Teclmotofly Center <AW>C) If (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 104

138 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesl C o m p r e h e n s i v e D i s a s t e r M a n a g e m e n t P r o g r a m m e (C D M I M in is try o f D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t a n d R e lie f (M o D M R ) Rajshahi City Corporation Peak Ground Acceleration - PGA D am kur Legend 1 Municipal Boundary True Terminal 17 Bus Termi Ward Boundary Water Bodies PGA (% of Gravity) langladcsh!ifels 40 itadium Station R ^ js h a h i University s inch 4, feet R;F: 1:55,000 in A3 Paper Size Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W oridview-2 image and verified through p h y «a l feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjust men F ie ld S u r v e y P e r io d Fetoruory.2013 lo July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Haripur Marian P r o je c t io n P a ra m e te rs Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mere* tor (B TM ) Ellipses Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Fedor 0999$ Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness Aaian Institute o» Technology L a iu M Center (ADPC) 1 (JUT) SK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 105

139 Joynagar Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Concrete Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L e g e n d Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) H m n i n I I H > Damage Level.1 H I Moderate Extensive H Complete Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Map History Thi* map w m prepared o n Ihe b «s * of 50em resolution W ormview-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station.SOB BM (S O B 'G P S ) was usad as reference for vertical adjustment Haripur Field Survey Period F «bniary2013 lo July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Trar*svarse Mercator (BTM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridtan : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian DiMtter Prrp*r«dns Aslan institute of Technology U i t i C*n4e»(AD«*C) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 106

140 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava ««\ " ' H M. I Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh^ l \ % r ; k * S» C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief (M odm R ) Rajshahi City Corporation Masonry Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend D am kur ( ] Municipal Boundary I j Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) Haragram I I H > Damage Level A I Moderate Extensive Complete N 1 inch 4, feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W oridvww -2 image and verified through phywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Haripur Harian Field Survey Period February.2013 to July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor 0-999$ Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Mia*) Disaster Preparedness U i a t a Center (ADPC) Asian InstMutt of Technology (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 107

141 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, C ase 01 Dam kur Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary True Terminal Cantonment Bus Terminal Ward Boundary ^ Water Bodies Injuries at Day Tim e in Person o - i o * >40 Stadium Rajshahi University 0 s Rad to Trnsmission 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Katakhali Paurashava Yusufpur Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W orw Vw w-2 image and venfced through p h y «a l feature survey using R T K -G P S end Total Staton S O B BM (SOB -GPS*729) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period February.2013 lo July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Haripur Harian Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) EUipsoaJ Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness Asian Institute of Technology L u i i Center (ADPC) V (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 108

142 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 D am kur I Legend 1 Municipal Boundary True Terminal Bus Terminal I Ward Boundary f * Water Bodies Injuries at Night Time in Person Cantonment Stadium Rajshahi University s Radio Tmsmissio'i 1 inch 4, feet R;F: 1:55,000 in A3 Paper Size Katakhali Paurashava Y u s u fp u r Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W oridv»ew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Haripur Harian Field Survey Period February.2013 to July, Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B TM ) Ellipse*! Everest 1830 False Easting : False N o t i n g : Central Mendian : 90 Scale F*c»of : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness Aaian Institute o» Technology Laiuftfl Canlsr (ADPC) 1 (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 109

143 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Seismic Risk Assessment in C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e M inistry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief (M odm R ) Rajshahi City Corporation Debris Generation Scenario 03, C ase 01 Dam kur Legend 1 Municipal Boundary True Terminal Bus Termi Parila Ward Boundary J p Water Bodies Debris Expected ( In thousands of tons) o H H > 40 itadium Station Rajshahi University s Radio 1 inch « feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Yusufpur Map History Katakhali Paurashava This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W orw Vw w-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total S lebon.sob BM (SOB -GPS*729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period Februery.2013 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Haripur Harian Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central M endian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest : : 90 0 $9 9 6 ro Technical Assistance E33 Atrni D l m t l ' P rtpiradotii C«nl*r(A0PC) i f Asian institute or Technology m (AIT) SEISMIC RISK A S S ES SM E NT IN BAN GLADES H 1 1 0

144 m H ujuri Seismic Risk Assessment in Banglades! Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Damkur Haragram Rajshahi City Corporation Fire Following Earthquake Scenario 0 3, Case 01 Legend J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions N Haripur Katakhali Paurashava Y u s u f p u r 1 inch 4, feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution W oridvww -2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period Fetoruary.2013 lo July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Eilipsowl Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance M ian Oleaster Preparedness d f Asian tn«t*ute et Technology U a * 3 Center (ADPC) f j j p (AIT) N BANGLADESH 111

145 UK.I '! Hi^juri Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Communicator Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Damkur H a r a g r a m Pan la Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Communication Facility O Mobile Tower O Post Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Day 1 <30% * 30%-70% >70% S inch 4, feel Katakhali Paurashava R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was propared on the basts of 50cm resolution WortdVkew-2 image and Haripur verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -GP S -729) was used as reference (or vertical adjummen Field Survey Period Harian Fetoruary.2013 to July Dam age Scarvano h Projection Parameters based on desktop simulation Yusufpur Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridvan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest : 0 Technical Assistance P " P 1 A w n O im itw Pr* M ndnn( Asian kistrtule of Technology tuiuftb Center (AOPC) V (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 112

146 Seismic Risk Assessment in Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Educational Institutes Damage S ce nario 03, C ase 01 Dam kur Haragram Tru e Terminal Legend _ l Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Educational Institutes A College O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 <30% 30%-70% >70% N Rajshahi University 1 inch 4, feet Katakhali Paurashava R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Haripur Marian Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WortdVkew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S end Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjust men Field Survey Period February.2013 to July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Yusufpur Projection System EBipSOad False Easting False Northing Central Mendtan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B T M ) Everest Technical Assistance >K ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 113

147 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in _ Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Emergency Operation Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend H a r a g r a m Pan la _ Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies E O C Facilities A F S C D O Police Staion Rajshahi City Corporation Functionality of E O C Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 30%-70% > 7 0 % S inch « feet Katakhali Paurashava R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Haripur Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjust men Field Survey Period February.2013 to July Dam age Scenario k based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Y u s u f p u r Protection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) : Everest 1830 : : 90 : Technical Assistance E 3 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 114

148 m UK.I " Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CO M P II} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Dam kur Legend Haragram Pari la ( J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Medical Facilities O_Large Hospital Medium Hospital Small Hospital O Medical Clinic Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 < 30% 3 0 % -7 0 % > 7 0 % S inch feet Katakhali Paurashava R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WorldView-2 image and Haripur verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station.SOB BM (SO B -GP S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period Marian February.2013 to July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Yusufpur Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Mendtan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance M n M Asian Disaster Preparedness 0 Asiwi kwlmwie * T*aHneie«y U u M Center (ADPC) V (AIT) 115

149 H i u u r i Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) R ajshahi City Corporation Power System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Haragram Pan la Legend I I Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Electrical Facilities O Electric Transformer Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% S inch» feel Katakhali Paurashava R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution W ohdvww -2 image and Haripur verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station.SOe BM (SO B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period Harian February to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Yusufpur Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Nodhing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin :0 Technical Assistance E33 Asian Disaster Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) I BANGLADESH 116

150 ( S 1 B Q 0_ ' uksm wjse* H ujun Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDW Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Railway Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Dam kur Haragram Legend ttil! Municipal Boundary W a rd B o u n d a ry Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Railway Bridge at Oay 1 <30% 30% -70% >70% Functionality of Railway Segment at Oay 1 * < 3 0 % 30% 70% > 70% Katakhali Paurashava Haripur Harian Map History This m ap was prepared on the basts of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Stauon S O G BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period February.2013 lo July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Yusufpur Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mere* tor (B T M ) EDipsoad : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale F a d o r : Latitude of Origin : 0» e " P J Asian Disaster Preparedness <x T»c*»oiogy M i u «a C *nj«(adpc) (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 117

151 H i ^ u r i Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh P a ra N o a h a ta P a u r a s h a v a B a r a g a c h h i Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Road Transport Facilities Oamage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend P 1 Municipal Boundary H a r a g r a m Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Highway Bridge at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% Functionality of Bus Facilities at Day 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% K a t a k h a li P a u r a s h a v a H a r i p u r Harian Map History This map was prepared on tha basts of 50cm resolution WoridVkaw-2 image and venhed through pfiywcal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference tor vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period February.2013 to July Dam age Scenano is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Y u s u f p u r 1 Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) lhp$okf False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : Everest : 90 : : 0 Asian Disaster Preparedness M i * 1 Center (ADPC) Aslan InstKutt of Technology (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 118

152 u k a id Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Baragachhi Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDNIP* II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Road Segment Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Dam kur Haragram Legend Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Functionality of Road Segment at Day <30% 30% - 70% >70% 1 inch = 4, feet Haripur Harian Katakhali Paurashava Y u s u fp u r Map History R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size This m ap was prepared on the basis of 50cm resolution WoridVkew-2 image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S end Total Station S 0 6 BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference for vertical adjustmen Field Survey Period Febfuary.2013 to July Dam age Scenario is bated on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Mendtan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin E33 Bangladesh Transverse Merer tor (B TM ) Everest : : Asian Disaster Preparedness CenUr (ADPC) Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 1 1 9

153 Hujuri Para Noahata Paurashava Baragachhi Seismic Risk Assessment in Banglades! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDl Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rajshahi City Corporation Polabte Water System Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 L t g t n d [ " j u m p i l B i w M r y I WaW Bound*y Haragram Major Road Narwork Waler Bodws Poufci* Watar Facilities [ j Ovwtiaad Tank A Walar Pump Functionality ofpoubie Water Fac4ittas at Oay 1 «yox % 30% - 70% >70% Potable Water Supply Network Member km t N 1 inch» 4, feet Katakhali Paurashava R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p H is to ry Haripur This m ap was prepared on the b a s s of 50cm resolution WoridView-2 image and verified through physaeal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -729) was used as reference (or vertical adjust men F ie ld S u r v e y P e r io d February.2013 lo July Dam age Scenario is based on desktop simulation P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Yusufpur Projection System Elhpsori False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1& ' Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 120

154 R a n g p u r C i t y C o r p o r a t i o n R a n gp ur Paurashava w as established in 1869 and u pgraded as an "A1 cate go ry Paurashava in It consists o f 15 w a rd s w ith total area of 39.5 sq. km. Th e to tal population o f the Paurashava is a bout (m ale 51.40%, fem ale 48.62%). T h e literacy rate am o n g th e to w n people is a b o u t 72.1%. T h e building occupancy of th e city consists of: Residential {8 4.59% ), C om m ercial {9.83% ), Educational (0.82% ), G o v ern m ent Service (0.70% ), Industrial (2.18%), Agricultu re (1.24%), and Religious (0.6 4 ).In 2012, th e Paurashava w as upg raded to City C orpora tion and divided in to 33 w a rds. Area o f th e present city c o rporatio n w ith exte n d ed a reas is sq km and population is a b o u t 10 Lac. Name of the City Name of the Paurashava Y e a r o f Establishm ent N um ber o f W ards R a n gp ur C ity C orpora tion At first Established in In 2012, the Paurashava upgrade to City Corporation sq. km o r acre S tructural typ e o f R an g pu r C ity C o rp o ra tio n (O ld Pourashava A rea ) Total Population Population G row th Rate (2011) 1.24% Road N etw ork km Railways km W aterw ays N/A Natural W ater Bodies acre Concrete M asonry Cl Sheet Op e n Space Education Institutions Health Facilities Re-fueling Stations Day & Night Occupants in Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pourashava Area) Number of Population 7 8 Ward Numbers 4 Day Time Occupants 4 Night Time Occupants 121

155 G 9 5 UKflM Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Population Density Pari shad Oflicr Legend I Municipal Boundary Cantonment Ward Boundary Water Bodies Population per sqkm area >20000 WASA Office 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute Map History This map was prepared on the b a ss of 70cm resolution OuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Sla ton S O B BM (SO B -G P S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Data Source Population and Housing Census Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False NorSwig Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest 1830 sooooo Technical Assistance E 3 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 122

156 Distribution of Different Occupency Classes in Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pourashava Area) Number of Damage Building in Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pourashava Area) Health Care Industrial Governm ent a Residential H Industrial H Religion M ixed Use JG o v e rn m e n t jcom m ercial El Education HAgricultural I Others HHealth Care C om plete E x p e c t e d p h y s i c a l d a m a g e s t a t e s Table 21: Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases C o n c re te S tru c tu re M a s o n r y S tru c tu re In fo rm a l S tru c tu re s S c e n a rio s T o t a l S tructure Total Concrete M o d e ra t e D a m a g e C o m p le te D a m a g e T o t a l M a s o n r y M o d e r a t e D a m a g e C o m p le te D a m a g e T o t a l Z in c S h e d a n d B a m b o o M o d e r a t e D a m a g e C o m p le te D a m a g e S t r u c t u r e N o. % N o. % S t r u c t u r e N o. % N o. % S t r u c t u r e N o. Scenario 1 Case % * 0.05% % % Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Case % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % % % % % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % % % % I 123

157 D e b r i s G e n e r a t i o n Table 22: Expected debris generation for different scenario cases Earthquake Scenario Amount of Debris (million tons) %of Concrete and Steel materials Scenario 1 Case 1 44% Scenario 2 Case % 43% Scenario 3 Case % 40% Scenario 4 Case % 31% Scenario 5 Case % 30% Scenario 6 Case % 27% D a m a g e t o U t i l i t y S y s t e m s Table 23: Expected damage to utility systems for different scenario cases Expected Casualties in Rangpur City Corporation (O ld Pourashava Area)..... Scenario 1 Scenario2 Potable W a te r Case 1 Case 2 Scenario 3 Casei Scenario 4 Case 2 Scenario 5 Casei Scenario 6 Case 2 Total Length Pipelines (k m ) No. of Leaks No. of Breaks Number of Injured People D a m a g e o f U t i l i t y a n d L i f e l i n e s Table 24: Expected damage to lifelines for scenario case 3 System Component Total Moderate Damage At least 50% Functional Dayi Day 7 I Vulnerability Factors in Rangpur City Corporation (O ld Pourashava Area) Segm ents H ighw ay Bridges Facilities 28 0 a Segm ents 24 a a Railway Bridges Facilities Vulnerability Factors 124

158 m i \ i» L 'VI Pi; a Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pauiashava Area) Geology Legend Municipal Boundary Major R oad Network Tista Fan Alluvium Cantonment H Active Channel Deposits Abandoned C h an n e l Deposits B a r Deposits Natural Levee Deposits H A lu v iu m F a n Deposits Back S w a m p Deposits WASA JO 140 u m m 1 M l 3.7SO(Mt R F in A3 Paper See tfttle m e n t flier Active channel deposits Abandoned Channel deposits Bar deposits Natural leeve deposits Alluvial plain deposits Back swamp deposits Tista Fan Alluvium Light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) medium to fine very loose sand Bluish grey (5B 5/1) to giey (10YR 5/1) clayey silt, sandy silt and fine sand Light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) to grey ( 10YR 5/1) silty sand and sand Light grey (10YR 7/1) to light brownish grey (10YR 6/2) sift and medium sand Bluish grey (5B 5/1), light brownish grey ( 10YR 6/2) and grey (10VR 5/1] sandy sift and clayey Silt Bluish grey (58 5/1) to gtey (10YR 5/1) clayey silt and silty day Projection System E llip s e False Easting False Northing Central Merxfcan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance ' 0 «o lo jlc il S u rv y of fa ngltdw h A»l«n Pli tac Pu p t dnw i (O&B) L t i u M Center (AOPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 125

159 % s m ~m...a. Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CO Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Geomorphology Legend Q J Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Tista Fan Units Natural Levee Alluvial Plain Higher Alluvial Plain Active Channel 0 Meander Scar H Abandoned Channel Ox-bow Lake Younger Point Bar Back Swamp OkJ Point Bar 1 inch* 3.750(m4 R F 1: in A3 Paper Sue A<live channel Active Tista Fan Unit* Elongated meander channels w*h flowing water consist* of fme sand Abandoned Elongated narrow channels with or without watar formed by the c hannel shifting of stream courses and t t n g by sandy sift and fine sand Young Point Crescent shaped recent accumulation of sity sand along the I bar meandenwg channel depoalja Old point bar Crescent shaped older accumulation of sity sand along the channel deposied within the Tista Fan Irregular linear accumulation of sediments along the both banks of the river at eastern part of Tista Fan consists ot silt and medium to fine sand Alluvial plain Flat distal part of Tiete Fan having southeast slope consist of sandy sit and clayey silt High alluvial irregular shaped slightly elevated lobes within the fan surface plain consists of sandy silt and clayey sit Meander ' Crescent shaped sandy s «remnsnt of mender channels within scar the T a ta Fan formed due to channels shifting and neck cut off Ox-bow lake O x bow shaped body of water wttnn the Tista Fa n formed by neck cut off of meander channels and consisted of dayey silt. _ sandy sit and fine sand Irregular shaped swampy, depressed areas within Tista Fan coosutod of dayey ait and sihy d a y Protection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Mend tan Scale Factor LaMude of Origin : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) : Everest 1830 : ;9 0 : Technical Assistance i Gaotogtcal Survey of BangAadeati W (G»» ) 4 BAN GLADES H 1 2 6

160 S&ismic Risk Assessment in Banglades! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Engineering Geology Legend I 1 Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Channel Engineering Unit U n it-i Unit -II Unit - III Unit IV ' ' 140 Mvtan 1 inch > feel R F : in A3 Paper S«2e E n g in e e rin g P roperties Unit-1 Unit-11 Unit-1 II U p to 3m depth m ostly com posed of loose sandy silt and very soft to soft stiff c la y (m a x. N value 4 ), loose to m edium dense sand (m a x N value* 14); Within 3 0 m mostly very dense fme to medium sand having max. tested N value is > SO U p to 3 m depth m ostly com posed of very loose to looee medium to fine sand and silty sand (m ax. N value 5 ); within 30m mostty very dense fme to m edium sand having m ax tested N value «s> 50 U p to 3m depth m ostly com posed of soft clayey si* to loose fine send (m ax. N value 8 ); W ithin 30m mostly dense m edium to coarse sand having max tested N value is> 50 Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) Everest /a * Geological Survey o l Bangiactofh Asian Ditactor Pr*paredne*«(OSfi) Center <ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 127

161 Seismic Risk Assessment in M in is try o f D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t a n d R e lie f (M o D M R ) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Panshad O ffic e Seismic Soil Profile Legend r 1 Municipal Boundary I Ward Boundary Cantonment Water Bod«es Soil Classification = 3 A Hard Rock B B - Rock C - Very dense sod and soft rock D - Dense/ Stiff Soil E - Loose/ Soft Soil (Sow*: Q> Efrvnronm*rt*J Pro**cbofV N** JtfM y) 1 inch * 3,760 feet R:F: 1:45,000 in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute M a p H is to ry»it «c u «Soil Typ«it* CUM Soil Typ* A Hard Rock D Drn*r/ Sun Sal H ftock c Very dense so«l and wa rock E Lo o k/ Soft Sotl (Sourw ASCE-7) P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Projection System Bangladesh Transv*r«a Mareator (BTM ) ElllpSO*} Everest 1830 Falsa Easting False Northing Central Mendcan 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Laiuad c«m*f (adpc) V \ Asian InstWut* (Arn IMMWlaflV M BANGLADESH 128

162 Seismic Risk Assessment in BanglatiesnH C o m p r e h e n s i v e D is a s t e r M a n a g e m e n t P r o g r a m m e ( C D M P II) M in is try o f D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t a n d R e lie f (M o D M R ) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Peak Ground Acceleration - PGA Legend Q 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies PG A (% of Gravity) B >0.38 S inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p H is to ry This m ap was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GPS -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. F ie ld S u r v e y P e r io d Juty.2012 to November Damage Scenario is baaed on desktop simulation P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B T M ) : Everest 1930 : : 90 : Technical Assistance E 3 i ISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 129

163 O m UK8M1 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh C o m p r e h e n s i v e D is a s t e r M a n a g e m e n t P r o g r a m m e (C D M M in is try o f D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t a n d R e lie f (M o D M R ) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Concrete Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend j Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Cantonment M o d e ra te D a m a g e (N u m b e r ) it~ * 600 H I 600 *800 H i >800 Divisional Forest Office / FSCD D a m a g e L e v e l A Moderate Extensive Complete WASA 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size M a p H is to ry Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute This map was prepared on the b a ss of 70cm resolution QuiekBird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. F ie ld S u r v e y P e r io d July.2012 to November Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Ellipsoid ; Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance ESI23 i SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 130

164 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CO M P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Masonry Building Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend L J Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) \ : l0» H >800 Damage Level.1 Moderate Extensive H Complete Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station. S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period Juty.2012 to November Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Eitipsorf Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 F l j e W Asian Disaster Preparedness Asian ln«.wute T»ehM i««y L u M Center (ADPC) (AIT). ik ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 131

165 Q * W - uxatd Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Paris had Officc Rangpur City Corporation (Old Pau'ashava Area) Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Q " 1 Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Cantonment Water Bodies Injuries at Day Tim e in Person r ~ _ j >40 s inch * feel R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through phyweal feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -GP S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period July.2012 to November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System EBipSOid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest 1830 sooooo Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 132

166 # sis iwatd Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh C o m p re h e n s iv e D is a s te r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M I Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief (M odm R ) Panshad O ftic c Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend r 1 Municipal Boundary O Ward Boundary C a n to n m e n t Water Bodies Injuries at Night Tim e in Person ' H >40 W A S A N I D B < Ifficc 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size B a n g la d e s h A g r i c u lt u r e R e s e a r c h In s t it u t e Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and venfted through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GP S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Jufy.2012 to November Damage Scenario is be sad on desktop Simula bon Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B TM ) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mend tan : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness 0 Aaian InstWute o» Technology U a ^ 3 Cem tr(adpc) (AIT) ik ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 133

167 Seismic Risk Assessment in Banglades Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Debris Generator Pari shad Office Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend ( Municipal Boundary Cantonment I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Debris Expected ( In thousands of tons) i - i >40 WASA S I D B i >m cc 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period July.2012 to November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) Everest Technical Assistance E 3 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 134

168 Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Fire Following Earthquake Pari shad Office Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend I I Municipal Boundary Cantonment Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions WASA I O B Officc 1 inch * 3,750 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute Map History This m ap was prepared on the b a ss of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment Field Survey Period July.2012 to November, Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Elhpso«J False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance * Ik ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 1 3 5

169 Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMI Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Communication Facilities Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Legend ^ Municipal Boundary W ard Bo undary Major R oad Network W ater Bodies C a n to n m e n t Communication Facilities o Mobile Tower D O o Central BTC L Office Grameen Phone Office Teletalk. Office A Post Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % N 1 inch 3,750 feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (S O B -G P S ) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Ju*y.2012 to November Damage Scenario it based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Protection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Nortttmg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (B TM ) Everest Technical Assistance E 3 Disaster Preparedness CenUr (ADPC) M BANGLADESH 136

170 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C O M P 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Educational Institutes Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Cantonment Parishad Ofl^c # 4P A 16 Legend I I Municipal Boundary ] Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Educational Institutes A Cottage O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 ^ i v i s i o i f o r e s t < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % * * T,T WASA N 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size B a n ^ M e i h. Agriculture Research ftmrtbie Map History This m ap was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SOB-GP S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Juty.2012 to November Damage Scenario it be sed on desktop Simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Elhpscrd False Easting False Northmg Central Mendtan Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (B T M ) Everest Technical Assistance m v w m Anan Diaaster Preparedness Asian InstKwte o» Technology krtm fcl CenUf(AOeC) > - (AIT) >K ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 137

171 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh C o m p r e h e n s i v e D is a s t e r M a n a g e m e n t P r o g r a m m e (C l M in is try o f Disaster M a n a g e m e n t a n d R e lie f (M o D M R 3 Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Emergency Operator Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L e g e n d ( Municipal Boundary W ard Boundary Major R oad Network Cantonment W ater Bodies N a m e o f E O C F a c ilitie s D C Office City Corporation Office A O Fire Station Potoca F u n c tio n a lity o f E O C F a c ilitie s at D a y 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % W A S A W - ^ E S inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute M a p H is to ry This map was prepared on the basts of 70cm resolution QuicfiBird image and verified through physical feature survey using R T K -G P S and Total Station S O B BM (SO B -GP S -5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. F ie ld S u r v e y P e rio d July.2012 lo November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation P r o je c tio n P a ra m e te rs Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM ) EKpsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Awan PreparvdnM* i f Asian InstMul* 9* Tschnotofly Centar(AOeC) V (AIT) M u M RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 138

172 O s e : ik M J 5 Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesl Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend L _ J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Major Road Networ* Water Bodies Medical Care Facilities O A targe Hospital Medium Hospital Sm al Hospital Medical Cfcnc Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 <30% 30%-70% >70% N inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on tha basis of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Juiy.2012 to November, 2012 Damage Scenario is baaed on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest Technical Assistance L v i > 1 < SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 139

173 a s Seismic Risk Assessment in Banglades Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Power System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Municipal Boundary i I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Electric Facilities O Electric Transformer O Sub-Station Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 <30% 30% -70% >70% s I 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through pbyscal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period July.2012 to November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) EBipSOid Everest 1830 False Easting sooooo False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Prsparsdnass Asian InstKwi# * Technology tmiufta Cents* (ADeC) V (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 140

174 Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (COM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Railway Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend j Mumopel Boundary Ward Boundary...Major Road Networ* Water Bodies Functionality of Railway Bridge at Oay 1 <30% 3 0 % -7 0 % >70% Functionality of Railway Segment at Oay 1 I < 3 0% 30% -7 0 % * 7 0% I Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period July.2012 to November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System EKpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest I BANGLADESH 141

175 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMI Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Road Transport Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend I I [ _ ) Municipal Boundary > I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Highway Bridge at Day 1 <30% 30% -70% >70% Functionality of Bus Facilities at Day 1 A < 30% A 30% -70% A <70% s inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution OutchBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Slaton SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period July,2012 lo November, 2012 Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest Technical Assistance E 3 * SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 142

176 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D M P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Road Segment Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Municipal Boundary C an to n m e n t I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Functionality of Road Segment at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % N 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Juty.2012 to November Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance E 3 Asian O* m s ter Preparedness i f Aslan inttrtut* of Technology Center (ADPC) V (Art) >K ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 143

177 S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s l Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMI Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Rangpur City Corporation (Old Paurashava Area) Potable Water System Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 Cantonm ent Legend o : Ward BtMttary W^or Road N**wC*k W M rlodm Potable Water Facilities C A Owtiead Tank Walef Pu«"p Functionality of Potable Water Facilities at Day 1 < 30% m -7 o % *70% Potable Water Supply Network Number of Repair Per k.m W A S A 1 inch * 3,750 feet R;F; 1: in A3 Paper Size ig! idcsh Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-5153) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Juty.2012 to November, Damage Scenario ii Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipsoid : Everest 1630 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : 0-999$ Latitude of Origin based on desktop simulation Technical Assistance A iiif id im itw P n ia w ln w i i f Asian Institute of Technology L i u M Center (ADPC) V (AIT) RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 144

178 T a n g a il Pa u r a s h a v a Tangail Paurashava w as established in It consists o f 18 w ards and 63 mahallas w ith total area of sq. k m. Th e total population of th e Paurashava is a b o u t (m ale 51.44%, fem ale 48.56%). Th e literacy rate a m o n g th e to w n Name of the City Name of the Paurashava Brief Information of the City Tangail Tangail Paurashava people is a b out 71.8%. Th e building occupancy o f th e city consists of: Residential (88.85% ), Com m ercial {6.63% ), Educational (0.97% ), G o v ern m ent Service (0.57% ), Industrial (1.60%), Agriculture (1.03%), and Religious (0.0 8 ). Year o f Establishment 1876 Total Area sq. km. N u m b e r of W ards 18 Total Population i674i2 (Male 84741, Female 82671) Population Growth Rate (2011) 0.90% Road Network km Structural type in Tangail Paurashava Vulnerability factors in Tangail Paurashava Railways N/A W aterw ays N/A Natural W ater Bodies 2.7 km or Acre Open Space sq. m o r Acre Education Institutions 174 Health Facilities 40 Vulnerability Factors Re-fueling Stations 8 Fire Station 1 Police Station 1 Day & Night Occupants in Tangail Paurashava l n l l l l l l Day Time Occupants Night Tim e Occupants 145

179 Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s l Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMI Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Population Density Danya Gharinda Legend M - R - H J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Population per sqkm area ] H z ] I B I > Karatia 1 inch feet R;F; 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silimpur Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station. SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Data Source Population and Housing Census 2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Projection Parameters Projection System Elhpsori False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest Technical Assistance N BANGLADESH 146

180 Disteribution of Different Occupency Classes in Tangail Paurashava Expected Casualties in Tangail Paurashava Religion Agricultural B Residential 1 Industrial 1 Religion 3 Agricultural a Government UHealth Care weducation tj Mixed Use tlothers j Commercial Health Care q43 year fl475 year M2475 year E x p e c t e d p h y s i c a l d a m a g e s t a t e s Table 25: Expected physical damage states of buildings for different scenario cases Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Informal Structures Scenarios Total Structure Total Concrete Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage No. % No. % Total Masonry Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage No. % No. % Total Zinc Shed and Bamboo Structure Moderate Damage Complete Damage No. % No. % Scenario 1 Case % o 0.00% % o 0.00% ^ o 0.00% Scenario 2 Case % % % % % % Scenario 3 Case % % % % % % Scenario 4 Case % 46 a.95% % 25 o.ig% % % Scenario 5 Case % % % % % % Scenario 6 Case % % % * % % 147

181 D e b r i s G e n e r a t i o n Table 26: Expected debris generation for different scenario cases Earthquake Scenario Amount of Debris (million tons) % of Concrete and Steel materials Scenario 1 Case 1 Scenario 2 Case Scenario 3 Case % 67% Scenario 4 Case % 42% Scenario 5 Case % 4 9 % Scenario 6 Case % 28% D a m a g e o f U t i l i t y a n d L i f e l i n e s Table 27: Expect Expected damage to lifelines for scenari'03 case 1 Expected Casualties in Tangail Paurashava Total Moderate Damage Complete Damage At least 50% Functional Day 1 Day 7 Segm ents H ighway Bridges Facilities 11 0 a Number of Injured Population H Night Time Casualty Day Tim e Casualty I BANGLADESH 148

182 m s Baghil G ala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Geology Legend Danya Gharinda Q J Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Jamuna - Dhaleshwari Flood Plain Deposits Active Charnel Deposits Abandoned Channel Deposits Bar Deposits Natural Levee Deposits Upaziia Parishad Office Flood Plain Deposits Flood Basm Deposits Depression Deposits Patulipara Adi Tangail Bukharipara 1me* 3, <««1 R:F: 1: na3 Paper Sue Fora ban Silim pur Shontosl/ Aloa \ Bhobanl Pathrail Active d w m d deposits Abandoned channel deposits Bar deposits Natural levee depots Flood plain deposo Flood Basin Depressor deposit* im unj Dhaleshwari Flood Plain Deposits Grey (N3) to litfrt grey (N7) very foe to few sand and srty clay as bed load Dark brown (SYR 3/4) fine to medium sand Dark greenah gray (5G 4/1), cfcve gray (5Y 3/2) and fcghl oliva gray (SY 6/1), medium to coarse sand and sandy clay Brownish gray (5Y 5/2). greyish otrva (10YR 4/2) to greenish grey (5G 4/1) silty day and fine sand Dark greenoh grey (5GY 6/1), ofeve grey (SY 3/2) to drve brown (5Y 4/4) sdty day. clayey sand and fine to medum sand Otfcve grey (5Y 5/2) to reddish brown (5Y 4/2) s*y day and sandy silt Dark grey (N3) lo very light grey (N8> and greemah grey (5G 6/1) day. s*y day, organic day and peaty day/peal Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipse*) Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mendian 90 Scale Fador Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance?r>'A Geological Survey o1 kngudnh Asian DIh i Im P r tp a rk n m Y S * (OSB) L i u J Center (AOPC) 149

183 Cl SB V imatd S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g ia d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Geomorphology Legend j""j_ J Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Jamuna Dhaleshwarl Flood Plain Active Channel Lateral Bar Natural Levee Flood Plain Flood Basin Depression Ox-bow Lake Active channel Lateral bar Natural levee Fkxx] plain Flood basm Oepressi on Ox-bow take Jamuna Dhaloshwari Flood Plain Channel with flowmg water having sand as bed loads Lateral accumulation of sand along the Tver consists of medwm to course sand Irregular shaped deposit of sediments buim up along and sloping towards the flood plain: consist of sand and srfty clay Broad flood areas normally inundated bf seasonal flood consist of silty day and dayey sand Irrsgutar shaped low-lying parts within the flood plain having seasonal water body; consists of s*y day and sandy silt Irregular shaped depressed areas with* floodplain having permanent water, consists of day, silty clay and peaty day/peat Ox-bow shaped body of water formed by neck cut off of meandering channels: consists ol fine to medium sand Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipso* Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mencken 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin & Technical Assistance G*olo9>ca4 Survey o4 Binpladosn H T M Asian O iu tlm P r»p jr»dn«t«yiyj (GSB) L I u M C*«i*«k (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 150

184 Baghil S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDi Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Engineering Geology Danya G h annda Legend! Municipal Boundary Major Road Network Active Channel Engineering Unit Unit - i M Unit -II Unit - III Karatia Meters 1 inch = feet R F: 1: m A3 Paper Size Porabari Silim pur Pathrail Engineering Properties Unlt-I Up to 3m mostly composed of loose to very loose (max. N value 9 ) fine sand and soft to very soft (max N values 4) silty d a y Within 30m very dense sand having max. tested N vafue is >50 Unit'll Up to 3m mainy composed of loose to medium dense sand (max. N value 11). Within 30m very dense sand having max. tested N value is > 50 Unit-Ill Up to 3m depth composed of medium dense (max, N value 7) s4ty d a y and loose sand (max. N value 7). Withm 30m dense sity sand having max tested N value is 44 Projection System Ellipsoid F***e Easting tse Northing Central Mencfcan Scale Factor Latitude of Ongm Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest » Geological Survey o4 6angiada»t> i e > «N Asian Disaster Prepewtnes* (GSfl) h tfiu M Cemar <A0PC) I BANGLADESH 151

185 Baghil GaKi U nio n Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (COM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Setsmic Soil Profile Legend Danya DC Office, Gharinda l m ] Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Soil Classification A -H a rd Rock Upazila 15 Panshod Office B -R o ck C - Very dense soil and soft rock D - Dense/ Stiff Soil E - Loose/ Soft Soil <Sourc«DepaitoMAl oi Environmental Protected. Now Urtm y) lipara A! Karatia 1 inch * feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari 8 Shontosh Aioa Bhobani Kazipur Dakkhinj Map History 8tt«C U m Soil Typ«Si1e CIsm (took O Drnsr/ SJIH Soil c V n y drnw m l and toft E- Loo»c/ Soil Soil (Sou'e# ASCE -7) Silim pur Pathrail Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting sooooo False Northing Central Menton Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Technical Assistance E 3 Asian Disaster Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 152

186 Baghil Gala Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Peak Ground Acceleration - PGA Legend Danya Gharinda I J Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies PGA (% of Gravity) Karatia S inch > feet R:F; 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silim pur Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basn of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Sutton SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipsoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Mend tan 90 Scat* Factor 0999$ Latitude of Origin 0 Technical Assistance Pr»f>*r»<*n»u i f Aslan Institute of Uciw*o* gy ^ (AIT) U a ^ a Center (ADPC) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 153

187 Baghil S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P K} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Concrete Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Danya Ghannda Legend f.~*j Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) 0 * H H I H H > 6 0 O Damage Level I Moderate Extensive I Complete Karatia S inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silimpur Pathrail Map History This map was propared on the base of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2Q10) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) E»l>p*c«d : Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance E f Asian Institute «i Technology i (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 154

188 o s i s B Baghil G ala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Masonry Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 etpur L egend Danya DC Office. Gharinda I I Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Moderate Damage (Number) B O M H > 8 00 Damage Level A I Moderate Extensive 11para Adi Tanga ill B u k h a r in ^ I Complete N Karatia 1 inch « feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Fora ban Silim pur Shontosh Aloa Bhobani Kazipur D akkhin Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cnt resolution QutckBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period Decern ber.2012 to July Damage Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : 0-999$ Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Preparedness Asian Institute or Technology U i a M Cantor (ADPC) (AIT) ISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 155

189 O sa Baghil G ala I S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 L e g e n d Danya D C Office. G hannda I Municipal Boundary I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Day Tim e in Person Laxmipur Upazila 15 Parishad Officc H I H >40 \ 13 S Adi Tangail! B u k h a r in ^ Karatia 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silim pur 8 Shontosh Aloa Bhoboni Kazipur Dukkhin] Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and venfied through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) : Everest 1ft r : 90 io -W M : 0 Technical Assistance Asian Disaster Cenltr(AOPC) # Asian mstmut* or Technology (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES I 156

190 m Baghil G ala i Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (C D Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Casualty Estimate for Building Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 etpur Le g e n d Danya DC Office. Gh&rinda r ~ J Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Injuries at Night Time in Person Upozila 15 Parishad Officc 0-10 ipsn i >40 liparn Adi Tangaill B u k h a r ip fx P Karatia inch * feet R:F: 1:40,000 in A3 Paper Size Map History Porabari 8 Shontosh AJoa Bhobani This map was prepared on tha basis of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July, Oamage Scenario cs based on desktop Simulation Silim pur Pathrail Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest 1830 sooooo Technical Assistance EZi33 ; SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANG LA DES 157

191 6 a s ' a Baghil Gala I Seismic Risk Assessment in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Debris Generation Scenario 03, Case 01 etpur Legend Danya DC Office. G hannda j " ^ J j Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Debris Expected ( In thousands of tons)! 0-10 Laxmipur \ 13 S Adi Tangail! Bukharirmp Upazila 15 Parishad Officc I I 30' 40 H >40 Karatia 1 inch * feet R;F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silim pur 8 Shontosh Aloa Bhobani Kazipur Dakkhinj Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physaeal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Elhpsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) : Everest 1ft r : 90 io -W M : 0 Technical Assistance era Asian Oitester Cantar (ADPC) i f Asian Institute or Technology (AIT) SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES h 158

192 UKSM 3? m h vmr 9 k Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d ef s! h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava fire Following Earthquake Scenario 03, Case 01 Danya G harinda L egend r * * * i I! Municipal Boundary Ward Boundary Water Bodies Number of Ignitions Karatia 1 inch * 3, feet R;F: 1;40,000 in A3 Paper Size Porabari Silim pur Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage See nano is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest Technical Assistance Asisn Disaster Preparedness Asian Institute o» Technology Center (ADPC) i (AIT) I5MIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 159

193 O J m «0 a Baghil S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Communication Facilities Damage I etpur Legend Scenario 03. C ase 01 Danya DC Office Gharinda C Z J Municipal Boundary _ j W ard Boundary M ajor Road Network W ater Bodies Communication Facilities O Mobile Tow er Laxmipur Upazila i s Parishad *>m cc O Post Office Functionality of Communication Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % lipara ^ 13 N- Adi Tanga* Bqkharipaj > 7 0 % f Karatia s W m ffllhhbbb Meters 1 inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Porabari 8 Shontosh Akxa Bhobani Kazipur I Dakkhinpat Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physcal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ecember.2012 to July Oamege Soenano ts based on desktop simulation Silim pur Pathrail Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK AS S ES SM E N T IN BAN GLADES H 160

194 Baghil Gala i S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDWIP Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Educational Institutes Damage S cenario 03, C ase 01 E n a jc tp u r Legend Danya Gharinda I j Municipal Boundary _ i W ard Boundary M ajor Road Network W ater Bodies Educational Institutes Upazila A r is h a d A College O School Functionality of Educational Institutes at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % % > 7 0 % ikhaript Karatia Fora ban Silim pur 8 Shontosh Aloa Bhobani Kazipur 1 Dakkhinpai Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolufon Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using R TK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Merc* tor (BTM) Ellipsoid : Everest 1830 False Easting : False Northing : Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 M R M Asian M u ster Praparedn*** M f Aalaft IrtfttMul* O* Technology» i * 1 CenUr (ADPC) (AIT) ik ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 161

195 Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h C o m p re h e n s iv e D isaste r M a n a g e m e n t P ro g ra m m e (C D M P 11} M inistry of Disaster Management and Relief (M odm R ) Tangail Paurashava Emergency Operation Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Danya Gharinda _ Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Nam e of E O C Facilities DC office O Paurashava Bhaban A Fire Service Police station Functionality of EO C Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 30% - 70% > 7 0 % Karat ia # «S inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Forabari Silimpur Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Slaton SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System Elkp»oid False Easting False Northing Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest 1830 sooooo : 0 Technical Assistance E 3 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 162

196 m <3 Baghil Gala i Seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesl Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDl Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Medical Care Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Danya DC Office G hannda. j Municipal Boundary ] Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Medical Care Facilities Large Hospital A Medium Hospital Laxmipur Upazila 1 5 Parishad Office Small Hospital Medical Clinic Functionality of Medical Care Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 30% - 70% \ ia H Adi Tangail^ B tjk h a ripaj: > 7 0 % Karatia N inch * feet R:F: 1:40,000 in A3 Paper Size Porabari 8 Shontosh Aloa Bhobani Kazipur 1 Dakkhinpai Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution QuicfcBird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December,2012 to July, Oamage Scenario cs based on desktop simulation Silimpur Pathrail Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) EOptoid Everett 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian : 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance E 3 i SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANG L A DES 163

197 o m 5 Baghil seismic Risk Assessment in Bangladesh Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM R 11} Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Power System Damage Scenario 03. C ase 01 K ^ iy c t p u r Danya Gharinda Legend j. _. j Municipal Boundary I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Waler Bodies Electric Facilities Upazila Paftshad Office O Electric Transformer Functionality of Electric Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 3 0 % -7 0 % > 7 0 % ii Tangail d d w h d Karatia S inch * feel R:F: 1:40,000 in A3 Paper Size Porabari 8 Shontosh AJoa BhobanF Kazipur i Dakkhinpat Map History This map was prepared on the basts of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through physcal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period 0ec««nber,2012 to July Oamage Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Silimpur Pathrail Projection Parameters Protection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) EUptoid Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor Latitude of Origin :0 Technical Assistance SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES 164

198 Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s h Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P II) Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Road Transport Facilities Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Legend Danya Gharinda I j Municipal Bourxlary I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Functionality of Highway Bridge at Day 1 < 3 0 % 30% 70% > 7 0 % Functionality of Bus Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % A 30% - 70% > 7 0 % Karat la 1 inch = feet R:F: 1: in A3 Paper Size Fora ban Map History This map was prepared on the basis of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through physical feature survey using RTK-GPS end Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Oamage Scenario rs based on desktop simulation Silimpur Pathrail Projection Parameters Projection System Ellipsoid False Easting False North mg Central Meridian Scale Factor Latitude of Origin Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) Everest :0 Technical Assistance t s a I SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADES H 1

199 0 1 s s uh aid Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s l Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDM P Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Road Segment Damage Scenario 03, C ase 01 Danya Gharinda Legend I j Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Water Bodies Functionality of Road Segment at Day < 3 0 % 30% -7 0 % > 7 0 % Karatia 1 inch = feet R;F: 1:40,000 in A3 Paper Si2«Porabari Silimpur Pathrail Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 70cm resolution Quick Bird image and verified through phyweal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario ts based on desktop simulation Projection Parameters Projection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) ElkpsowJ Everest 1830 False Easting False Northing Central Meridian 90 Scale Factor 0-99&6 Latitude of Origin era Asian Dtaaster Technical Assistance I BANGLADESH 1 66

200 Baghil Gala S e is m ic R is k A s s e s s m e n t in B a n g la d e s sh! Com prehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMI Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR) Tangail Paurashava Potable Water System Damage Scenario 03, Case 01 Danya G harinda L egend j. _ J Municipal Boundary I I Ward Boundary Major Road Network Water Bodies Potable Water Facilities A Water Pump Functionality of Potable Water Facilities at Day 1 < 3 0 % 30% - 70% > 7 0 % Karatia 1 inch * 3, feet R;F: 1:40,000 in A3 Paper Size Fora ban Map History This map was prepared on the bass of 70cm resolution QuickBird image and verified through phyweal feature survey using RTK-GPS and Total Station SOB BM (SOB-GPS-2010) was used as reference for vertical adjustment. Field Survey Period December.2012 to July Damage Scenario is based on desktop simulation Silimpur Pathrail Projection Parameters Protection System : Bangladesh Transverse Mercator (BTM) EUlpSOK) : Everest 1630 False Easting False Northing : Central Mend«an : 90 Scale Factor : Latitude of Origin : 0 Technical Assistance E 3 Asia*) Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) i Asian institute of Technology w n ISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 167

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202 CHAPTER - 04 SEISMIC PREPAREDNESS INITIATIVES

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204 4.1 S patial C o n t i n g e n c y Plans Earthquake hazard risks need to be addressed in fo u r phases: m itigation, preparedness, e m ergency response and re co very. H o w eve r, an Earthquake C o n tin ge n cy Plan only addresses th e em ergency response m anag em ent. Th e need fo r a com prehensive geo-hazard risk reduction C ontinge ncy Planning strategy th at is linked to an easy im plem entation fram e w o rk has been felt fo r quite som e tim e n o w. It is therefore extrem ely im portant to anticipate, as best as possible, p robable earthquake threats in th e co u n try- particularly areas o f high vulnerability such as the urban centers - and plan fo r th e quick and early re co ve ry fro m potential earthquake emergencies. A s p a rt of th e Preparedness initiative, a C ontingency Plan focusing an earthquake hazard has been prepared fo r different level f a r the study cities. In C D M P I, scenario based C ontingency Plans w e re prepared fo r National Level; City Level fo r th e c ity corp oratio ns in Dhaka, C hittagong and Sylhet; and A g ency Level C ontingency Plans fo r th e D e partm ent of Disaster M anage m e n t (D D M ), A rm e d Forces Division (A F D ), Directorate General of Health Services (D G H S ), Directorate o f Relief and Rehabilitation (D R R ), Fire Service and Civil Defense (F S C D ), Titas Gas Transm ission and Distribution C om pany Limited (T G T D C L ), Bangladesh Teleco m m u nica tio n C om pany Limited (B T C L ), Dhaka P o w e r Distribution C o m p a ny Limited (D P D C ) and Dhaka W a te r S u p p ly and S ew e ra ge A u th o rity (D W A S A ). During C D M P II, scenario based C ontingency Plans have been prepared at city level fo r th e Cities o f Bogra, Dinajpur, M ym ensingh, Rajshahi, R angpur and Tangail, and at W ard Level fo r Dhaka North City Corporation (13 W a rd s ), Dhaka S o u th City Corporation (12 W a rd s ), C h itta go n g City C orporation (15 W a rd s ) and Sylhet City Corporation (10 W a rd s ). T h e plans have identified the evacuation routes, em ergency shelter locations, and identified the gaps in the resource and needs b y th e responding agencies.

205 4.2 Train in gs for Preparedness at D ifferent Level T r a i n i n g, A d v o c a c y a n d A w a r e n e s s w it h r e g a r d t o E a r t h q u a k e A g o o d nu m ber of trainings w e re pro vided fo r different target g ro u p s across nine project cities d u rin g C D M P I main objectives of th e training, advocacy and awareness-raising activities about earthquakes w e re to im p a rt training, execute evacuation drills, and undertake advocacy and awareness cam paigns in different cross-sections o f th e populatio n, fro m th e g o ve rn m e n t official to a t risk com m unities. Furtherm ore, decision m akers and planners w ere educated on C ontingency Plans and Seismic Hazard M aps. School children, teachers and religious leaders w e re made aw are o f th e dangers o f earthquake hazard, and masons w ere trained in constructing earthquake resistant buildings. U p until M arch 2015, th e fo llo w in g activities w e re co nducted during C D M P I and C D M P )) fo r increasing earthquake preparedness o f the country: Training fo r decision makers and planners o n C o ntingency Plan and Seismic Hazard M aps, safety and evacuation trainings fo r school children and teachers, training fo r religious leaders (im a m s) f o r awareness a b out earthquake dangers, training fo r m asons and bar binders a bout earthquake safe construction practices, training fo r the m anagers/concerned officers o f critical infrastructures on fire safety and evacuation, preparation o f docu m e n ta ry to develop aw areness o f earthquake hazard and vulnerability, and finally, production and dissemination of poster on earthquake vulnerability reduction measures. I 171

206 4.3 Ea r th q u a k e Sim ulation D rill Earthquake sim ulation drills have been organized at c o m m u n ity level in Dhaka North City C orp o ration, C hittago ng City C orporation and Sylhet City C orporation areas. T h e main objective o f the sim ulation drills w a s to validate th e W ard-level Spatial C ontingency Plan and assessing its effectiveness th ro u g h participation o f c o m m u n ity and local-level responsible agencies and stakeholders, so th at th ey are m ore aw are on h o w to use and execute th e plan in a coordinated m anner. A t th e sam e tim e, th e drill also helped to raise c o m m u n ity awareness about em ergency preparedness activities during an earthquake. Th e sim ulation drill in each selected w a rd w as organized by th e respective city corporations and led b y the concerned w a rd co uncilo r office/ zonal office, w ith technical support fro m th e study team. A sim ulation preparation co m m ittee was fo rm e d in each city, com prising representatives fro m diffe rent locally responsible first responder agencies, utility service agencies, and o th e r w a rd level stakeholders as p e r th e structure of W a rd Disaster M a n a ge m e n t C om m ittee pro po sed in th e C ontingency Plan. Each co m m itte e co nd u cte d several m eetings to review th e C ontingency Plan, identify the sim ulation activities, select th e c o m m u n ity to be involved, identify th e suitable site, and define the roles and responsibilities fo r sim ulation. Extensive ward-level publicity to raise th e c o m m u n ity aw areness as w ell as to ensure community participation in the simulation drills was made through a variety of audiovisual media such as leaflets, posters, banners, festoons, micing, pow erpoint presentations, and one-to -one communication. SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 172

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209 C o n c l u s io n This atlas is lim ited t o present th e main findings o f th e Seism ic Risk Assessm ent study. A go od n u m b e r of different studies u n d e r th e cu rrent initiative o f C D M P II have been carried o u t and re ports are available at the e library of C D M P (h ttp :w w w.dm ic.org.bd/e-library). T h e m aps presented in this d o cu m e n t can be used as a reference, fo r m ore detail it is recom m ended to consult the main reports. T h e study team m ade an all-out effort in collecting th e inform ation necessary fo r this study. Th e re w e re initiatives fo r prim ary data ga th ering in th e case w h e re th ere was data and inform ation unavailability. H o w eve r, in som e cases it w as not at all possible to g e t inform ation fro m som e o f th e g o ve rn m e n t institutions d u e to th e ir policy restrictions. In such cases, th e s tu dy team decided to continue the study based on expert judgm ent in the respective areas. Th ro u g h year lo ng detailed investigation using state of the art technolo gy, w ith relentless efforts b y both national and international panel o f experts, this study pro du ced significant results. Research o f this nature and scale is a first tim e initiative in Bangladesh, therefore the findings fro m this study is v e ry im p o rta nt fo r th e decision makers in designing and im p le m e ntin g fu tu re Earthquake Preparedness Initiatives in the country. A m o n g structural types o f non engineered building, B FL is th e m ost co m m o n ty p e in all th e study cities. From the survey results, th e age o f buildings has been fo und to be related to structural types. Fo r exam ple, it w as fo und th at m o st buildings w ith concrete slab-colum n fram es are co nstructed less than 10 years ago. O n th e o th e r hand, m ost m aso nry buildings w ith concrete floo rs are m ore than 10 years o ld. Also, light reinforced co ncrete buildings w e re fo und to be o ld e r th an reinforced concrete buildings. A cadem ic institutions at national and local level should take the initiative to ca rry o u t research aim ed to w a rd s th e fu rth e r im provem ent and deve lo p m e nt o f th e earthquake hazard and risk m aps fo r different cities and to w n s, and should also be given a task in transferring th e k now ledge, th ro u g h the establishm ent o f professional courses on hazard and risk assessment. Th e G o v ern m ent o f Bangladesh and respective Paurashavas should take th e initiative to incorpora te disaster risk reduction into th e urban deve lo p m e nt planning m etho dologies in all o f the relevant sectors and relevant levels. Th e im plem entation of these guidelines in risk assessment and incorpo ratio n of hazard and risk inform ation into spatial planning should be mandatory. M o re o ve r, th e m aps developed u n de r this study will be useful fo r d e ve lo p m e nt co ntro l to reduce earthquake risk in th e respective cities and countries as a w hole. Th e significant findings from the study are as followings: T h e respective Paurashavas and C ity C orporations involved in this study should continue using and u pdate th e database periodically. This will be helpful fo r the city authorities fo r initiating preparedness efforts for the city dwellers. «In general, at short re turn period, i.e. 43 years, th e observed seismicity in and around Bangladesh controls the hazard fo r most considered structural periods. G round m otion across Bangladesh represented by PGA is in th e range of g, co rre spo n d in g to th e 475-year return period and in th e range o f g, co rrespo nding to the 2,475-year return period. Th e GIS database and m aps w hich have been used to generate the seismic hazard, vulnerability and risk m aps in this Atlas should be k ept on a w e b server and should be shared and updated b y th e respective agencies. A p a rt fro m this, local agencies should set up a data bank on Spatial Data Infrastructure, and define specific data fo rm ats and standards fo r collecting, sto ring, updating th e database fo r fu rther analysis. Th e effect of high-slip-rate of Duaki fault could be observed as th e largest seismic hazard in Bangladesh. 175

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211 EXUPE

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213 A n n ex - 1 G lossary of Terms A c c e l e r a t i o n In physics, acceleration is used as the change of velocity w ith respect to tim e. Here w e use th e rate o f change o f velocity o f a reference point. C om m only expressed as a fraction o r percentage of the acceleration due to gravity (g ) w here g = 9 80 cm/52. A c t i v e F a u lt Fault is th e offset of geological stru cture w h e re one type of rock can be seen b u ttin g up against rock o f an o th e r ty pe. A fa u lt th a t is considered likely to u ndergo re n e w ed m o v e m e n t w ithin a period of concern to hum ans is k n o w n as active fault. Faults are c o m m o n ly considered to be active if th e y have m oved one o r m ore times in th e last 10,000 years, but th e y m ay also b e considered active when assessing the hazard fo r some applications even if movement has occurred in the last 500,000 years. A s t h e n o s p h e r e T h e highly viscous m echanically w e ak region is the u pper m antle o f th e Earth. It lies belo w th e lithosphere (c ru s t and u p p e r m o st solid m a ntle), at depths b etw een 80 and 200 km ( m iles) b e lo w the surface, but p erhaps exte n d in g as deep as km. Asthenosphere is generally solid although some o f its regions could be melted; e.g. b elo w m id-ocean ridge. Figure 19: The layers of earth mantle A f t e r s h o c k S econdary trem ors th at m ay fo llo w th e largest shock o f an earthquake sequence. Such trem ors can extend o v e r a p eriod o f w eeks, m onths, or years. M ost m oderate to shallow earthquakes are fo llow e d b y num erous earthquakes in th e same vicinity. A big earthquake som etim es fo llow e d by an incredible nu m ber o f aftershocks. M o st aftershocks are located o v e r th e full area o f th e fa u lt ru p tu re, o r a lo n g th e fault plane o r oth e r faults w ithin th e volum e affected by th e strain associated w ith the main shock. Th e pattern o f th e aftershock helps confirm the size of area that slipped during the main shock.

214 B lin d f a u l t A blind fault is a fault th at does n o t rupture all th e w a y up to the surface. S o there is no evidence o f it o n th e g ro u n d. It u n de r th e u pp e r m o s t layers o f th e rock in the crust. It usually term inates u pw ard in th e axial region o f an anticline. If is dip is less than 45 degrees, it is a blind thrust. C a s u a lt ie s Casualties estimates of th e n u m b e r o f p eople th a t w ill be injured and killed by th e earthquake. T h e casualties a re broken d o w n into fo u r severity levels th at described the exte n t o f injuries. According to HAZUS the casualty levels are described as follow s: Severity level 1: Injuries will require medical attention bu t hospitalization is not needed. Severity level 2: Injuries will require hospitalization but are not considered life-threatening. Severity level 3: Injuries will require hospitalization and can becom e life threatening if n o t pro m ptly treated. Severity level 4 : Victims are killed by the earthquake. In th e H A Z U S analysis th e casualty estimates are pro vided fo r tw o tim es of day: 2:00 A M and 2:00 PM. These tim es represent th e periods of the day th at different sectors o f th e c o m m u n ity are at th eir peak occup ancy loads. T h e 2 :00 A M estim ate considers th at th e residual occupancy loads are th e m axim u m and 2:00 PM estimate considers th at th e educational, com m ercial a nd industrial sector loads are maximum. C r u s t T h e crust is the ou term o st m ajor layer o f th e Earth, ranging fro m a bout 10 to 65 km in thickness w o rld w ide. T h e c o ntinental cru st is a b o u t 40 km thick in th e Pacific N o rthw e st. Th e thickness o f the oceanic crust in this region varies b etw een a b o u t 10 a nd 15 km. T h e crust is characterized by P -w ave velocities less than a bout 8 km/s. Th e u pperm o st km o f cru st is brittle e n o u g h to pro du ce earthquakes. The seismic crust is separated from the lo w er crust by the brittle-ductile boundary. D e b r is G e n e r a t i o n Debris generation estimates th e am o u n t of debris th at will be generated by th e earthquake. T h e debris is ca tego rized in tw o sections: a ) Brick/Wood and b ) Reinforced Concrete/Steel. This distinction is m ade because o f th e d ifferent type s o f m aterial handling equipm ent required to handle the debris. D e e p E a r t h q u a k e A n earthquake w hose focus is located m ore th an 300 kilom eters fro m th e earth s surface. Earthquake -re port.com differs fro m th e official notification, calling earthquakes w ith a depth of m ore th an 100 km as Deep. This is m ainly because o f th e non-d a m ag in g im pact of these earthquakes. O f the total energy released in earthquakes, 3 percent com es from interm ediate earthquakes. E a r t h q u a k e Earthquake is any sudden shaking of th e ground caused by th e passage o f seismic w ave s th ro u g h th e Earth s rocks. Seismic w aves are pro du ce d w h e n som e fo rm o f energy stored in th e Earth's crust is suddenly released, usually w h e n masses o f ro ck straining against one another suddenly fracture and slip. 179

215 E a r t h q u a k e R is k Earthquake risk is th e probability th at hum ans w ill incur loss o r dam age to th eir built e nviro nm ent if th e y are exposed t o a seismic hazard. In oth e r w o rd s, earthquake risk o r seismic risk is an interaction b e tw een seismic hazard and vulnerability (h u m a n s o r th eir built environm ent). In general, seismic risk can be expressed qualitatively as Seismic risk= seismic hazard x vulnerability F a u lt S c a r p A fault scarp is a small step o n th e gro u n d surface w h e re one side of a fault has m oved vertically w ith respect to anoth e r. It is th e topographic expression o f faulting attributed to the displacem ent of the land surface b y m ove m e nt alongfaults. Fault Scarp \ Figure 20: Fault Scarp ' Figure 21: Fault scarp, Zhangye thrust, Qilian Shan, NE Tibet F a u lt T r a c e Intersection o f a fault w ith th e g ro u n d surface; also, th e line co m m o n ly plo tted on geologic m aps to represent a fault. It is m o re like intersection of fault w ith geological surface and leaving a mark. Figure 22: Fault surface trace of the Hector Mine fault after the October 16,1999 M7.I rupture. (Photo by Katherine Kendrick, USG5) F ir e F o l l o w i n g E a r t h q u a k e Dam age to infrastructure after an earthquake is a m a jo r loss trigger. O n e of the consequences o f such dam age is fire fa llo w in g a seismic event. Fires often associated with broken electrical and gas lines, gas is set free as gas lines are broken and a single spark

216 can th erefore trigger an inferno. T o com plicate th ings, w a te r lines are broken and so there is n o w a te r to extinguish the fire, earthquake can not only trigger a fire by releasing com bustible m aterial, but also b y im pairing passive or active firefighting systems. G r o u n d F a ilu r e A n effect o f seismic activity, such as an earthquake, w h e re the ground becom es very soft due to th e shaking, and acts like a liquid, causing landslides, liquefaction and lateral spreads. G r o u n d M o t io n ( S h a k i n g ) G round m otion is a term referring to th e qualitative o r quantitative aspects of m o v e m e n t o f th e Earth s surface fro m earthquakes or explosions. G ro u n d m otion is produced b y w a ves th at are generated by sudden slip on a fa u lt o r sudden pressure a t th e explosive source and travel through the Earth and along its surface. I n t e n s i t y Th e intensity is a nu m ber (w ritte n as a Rom an num eral) describing th e severity of an earthquake in te rm s o f its effects o n th e earth s surface and on hum ans and th eir structures. Several scales exist, b u t th e ones m ost co m m o n ly used are th e M odified Mercalli scale and th e Rossi-Forel scale. T h e intensities o f earthquake are m easured, depending on location w h e re it is needed to m easure, unlike the m agnitude, w hich is one n u m b e r fo r each earthquake. I n t e r m e d ia t e E a r t h q u a k e A n earthquake w hose focus is located b e tw een 70 to 300 kilom eters fro m th e earth s surface. Earthquake-report.com differs fro m th e official notification calling earthquakes w ith a d e pth of m ore th an 40 to 00 km as "In te rm e d ia te ". Th is is m ainly because o f th e limited dam aging im pact of these earthquakes. O f the total energy released in earthquakes, 12 percent co m es fro m interm ediate earthquakes. L iq u e f a c t i o n Th e transform ation o f a granular material fro m a solid state into a liquefied state as a consequence o f increased p ore w a te r pressures and reduced effective stress. In engineering seism ology, it refers to the loss o f soil strength as a result o f an increase in pore pressure due to ground m otion. This effect can be caused by earthquake shaking. Soil liquefaction Shaking and tilting causes some structures to fail. Buildinc and sinks as SOif Stability declines. Loosely packed grains of soil are held together by friction. Pore spaces are filled with water. Shaking destabilizes the soil by increasing the space between grains. With its structure lost, the soil flows like a liquid. Figure; 23; Soil Liquefaction SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 180

217 Liquefaction occurs in saturated soils - th at is, soils in w hich the space b e tw een individual particles is co m pletely filled w ith w a te r. This w a te r exerts a pressure on th e soil particles th at influences h o w tigh tly th e particles them selves are pressed to ge th er. P rior to an earthquake, th e w a te r pressure is relatively lo w. H o w ever, earthquake shaking can cause the w a te r pressure to increase t o th e point w here the soil particles can readily m ove w ith respect to each other. W h e n liquefaction occurs, th e strength o f the soil decreases and, th e ability of a soil deposit to s u p p o rt fo undations fo r buildings and bridges are reduced, as seen in the image below. Figure 24: Foundation W eakening Due to Soil Liquefaction in Adapazari, Turkey L o c k e d F a u lt A locked fault is a fault th at is not slipping because frictional resistance on th e fault is greater than th e shear stress across th e fault. Such faults m ay store strain fo r extended periods, w hich is eventually released in an earthquake w h e n th e frictional resistance is overcom e. A locked fault condition contrasts w ith fault-creep conditions and an unlocked fault. M a g n i t u d e T h e m agnitude is a n u m b e r th at characterizes th e relative size of an earthquake. M agnitude is based o n m e a su rem ent o f th e m axim um m otion recorded b y a seism ograph (som etim es fo r earthquake w aves of a particular frequency), co rrecte d fo r attenuation to a standardized distance. Several scales have been defined, b u t th e m ost c o m m o n ly used are (1 ) local m agnitu de (M L ), co m m o n ly referred to as Richter m agnitude, (2 ) surface-w ave m agnitu de (M s ), (3 ) bod y-w a ve m agnitude (M b ), and ( 4 ) m o m e n t m agnitude (M w ). M L, M s and M b have limited range and applicability and do not satisfactorily m easure th e size o f th e largest earthquakes- The m oment magnitude (M w ) scale, based on the concept of seismic moment, is uniformly applicable to all

218 sizes of earthquakes b u t is m ore difficult to com pu te than th e o th e r types. In principal, all m agnitu de scales could be < calibrated to yield the sam e value fo r any given earthquake, but this expectation has pro ve n to be only a pproxim ately true, the need to specify th e m agnitu de type as well as its value. A n increase o f one unit o f m agnitude represents a io -fo ld increase in w ave am plitude on a seism ogram o r approxim ately a 30-fold increase in the energy released. In o th e r w o rd s, a m agnitu de 6.7 earthquake releases o ver 900 tim es (3 0 tim es 3 0 ) th e energy o f a 4.7 earthquake - o r it takes a b o u t m agnitude 4.7 earthquakes to equal the energy released in a single 6.7 earthquake! There is neither beginning nor end to this scale. H o w eve r, rack m echanics seem to preclude earthquakes sm aller than a bout 1 o r larger than a b o u t 9.5. A m a gnitu de -1.0 e vent releases a b out 900 tim es less energy th an a m agnitude 1.0 quake. Except in special circum stances, earthquakes b e lo w m agnitu de 2.5 are not generally felt by humans. P W a v e P-waves are a type o f body w a ve th a t is th e first w a ve to arrive to th e seism ograph, and is called seismic w aves in seism ology. It can travel th ro u g h a co ntinu u m. T h e co ntinu u m is m ade up of gases (as sound w a ve s), liquids, o r solids, including th e Earth. P-waves can be pro du ced by earthquakes and recorded by seism ographs. The nam e P -w ave is often said to s tand either fo r p rim ary w a ve, as it has the highest velocity and is th erefore th e firs t to be felt; o r pressure w ave, as it is fo rm e d fro m alternating com pressions and rarefactions. This com pressive w ave shakes th e gro u n d back and fo rth in th e same direction and the oppo site direction as th e d irection th e w a ve is m oving. Figure 26: Example of propagation of P-wave A small particle attached to the earth d u rin g an earthquake will be m oved back and fo rth ra ther irregularly. This m o v e m e n t can be described by its changing position as its changing acceleration as a function o f tim e. T h e peak g ro u n d acceleration is th e m a xim u m acceleration th at a building o r any structure situated at the ground at the tim e of an earthquake. Peak ground displacement is the maximum horizontal distance a structure will move during the time of an earthquake. I BANGLADESH 181

219 A n abject attached ta th e earth du ring an earthquake will be shaken irregularly. Th is m o v e m e n t can be described by its changing position as its changing velocity as a function o f tim e. Th e peak gro u n d velocity is the m axim u m velocity th at a building o r a structure situated at the ground during the tim e of earthquake. P h a s e A stage in periodic m o tio n, such as w ave m otion o r th e m otion of an oscillator m easured w ith respect t o a p o in t a nd expressed in angular m easure. T h e change o f seismic velocities within Earth, as well as th e possibility of c onversions be tw een com pressional (P ) waves and shear ( 5) waves, results in m any possible w ave paths. Each path produces a separate seismic phase o n seismograms. P la t e Th e Earth s ro ck y o u ter crust solidified billions years ago. This crust is n o t a solid shell; it is broken u p into huge th ic k plates. These relatively large rigid segm ents of the Earth s lithosphere m ove in relation to other plates ove r the asthenosphere. P la t e T e c t o n i c s A th eo ry supported by a w ide range of evidence th at considers th e Earth s crust and u pp e r m antle to be c o m p o se d o f several large, thin, relatively rigid plates. Th e tem peratu re at the centre o f th e earth is as high 2500 c, w hile th e u pper surface is 25 c. Th e re is also a huge a m o u n t o f pressure in th e inner m antle. This huge tem p eratu re and pressure causes th e semiliquid material o f inner m antle to m o v e regularly. This causes th e plates to m o ve w ith respect to one another, and faults are cre ated. Several styles o f faults bound th e plates, including th ru st faults along w hich plate material is subducted o r co nsum ed in th e m antle, oceanic spreading ridges alo ng w hich n e w crustal material is pro du ced, and transfo rm faults th at a ccom m o date horizontal slip (strike slip) between adjoining plates. Figure 27: Major tectonic plates of the world N o r m a l a n d R e v e r s e F a u lt Norm al and Reverse fault are classified according to th eir relative m o v e m e nt t o each o th e r.in figure o n e th ere are t w o faults -the right one w hich is m ore like a fo o t, is nam ed as fo otw all - and the o th e r left one w hich is m ore like hanging o r resting a b o v e th e fo o t wall is th e hanging w all. W h e n, due to gravity, the hanging wall m oves d o w n w a rd w ith respect to footw all it is called norm al fault (a ). W hen the hanging w all m oves upw ard w ith respect to footw all, it is called reverse fault (b ).

220 (a) Normal fault (b ) Reverse fault Figure 28: Normal and Reverse fault R is k A s s e s s m e n t A m e th o d o lo gy to determ ine the nature and extent o f risk b y analyzing potential hazards and evaluating existing co nditio ns o f vulnerability th at to g e th e r could potentially harm exposed people, p ro perty, services, livelihoods and th e e n viro n m ent on w hich th ey depend. Risk assessments (and associated risk m a p pin g) include: a revie w o f th e technical characteristics o f hazards such as th eir location, intensity, frequency and probability; th e analysis o f exposure and vulnerability including th e physical social, health, econo m ic and environm ental dim ensions; and the evaluation of th e effectiveness of prevailing and alternative co pin g capacities in respect to likely risk scenarios. This series of activities is sometimes known as a risk analysis process. S e c o n d a r y W a v e A secondary w ave is the second type of body w ave oth e r than P-wave th at arrives in seism ograph. It is called secondary w ave because it arrives later than the P-wave, as it m oves slo w er in the rock. It is also called shear o r transverse w a ve, as it m oves perpendicular to th e direction of w ave pro pagatio n. Unlike P-wave, the Secondary w ave can travel o n ly th ro u gh th e solid material and are not able to pass through liquids. T = 0 T = 1 T = 2 T = 3 Figure 29: Propagation of Secondary wave or S-wave S e is m ic h a z a r d s t u d y Seismic hazard refers to the stu d y o f expected earthquake ground m otions at the earth's surface, and its likely effects o n existing natural conditions and m an-m ade structures fo r public safety considerations; th e results o f such studies are published as seismic hazard maps, which identify the relative m otion of different areas on a local, regional o r national basis. W ith hazards th us 182

221 determined, their risks are assessed and included in such areas as building codes for standard buildings, designing larger buildings and infrastructure projects, land use planning and determining insurance rates. Seism ic W aves Seismic waves are the result of an earthquake, explosion or volcano where sudden release of energy burst out in form of waves. During the energy release different type of seismic waves are created. There are body waves (P-wave and S-wave) which travel through the interior of the earth, and there are surface waves which travel through the surface of the earth. S e is m ic ity The geographic and historical distribution of earthquakes. A term introduced by Gutenberg and Richter to describe quantitatively the space, time, and magnitude distribution of earthquake occurrences. Seismicity within a specific source zone or region is usually quantified in terms of a Gutenberg-Richter relationship. S h allo w Earthquake An earthquake whose focus is located within 70 kilometers of the earth s surface. Earthquake - report.com differs from the official notification calling earthquakes with a depth up to 40 km as Shallow. This is mainly because of the possible damaging impact of these earthquakes. It 1s the shallow earthquake that are the most devastating, and they contribute about the three-quarters of the total energy released in the earthquake throughout the world. S p e c tra l A c c e le ra tio n Spectral acceleration (S A ) is a unit measured in g (the acceleration due to Earth's gravity, equivalent to g-force) that describes the maximum acceleration in an earthquake on an object (example structure) specifically a damped, harmonic oscillator moving in one physical dimension. This can be measured at (o r specified fo r) different oscillation frequencies and with different degrees of damping, although 5% damping is commonly applied. Surface Fa ultin g Displacement that reaches the Earth s surface during slip along a fault. Commonly accompanies moderate and large earthquakes having focal depths less than 20 km. Surface faulting also may accompany aseismic tectonic creep or natural or man-induced subsidence.

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223 A n n ex - 2 S eismic Risk A ssessment: A vailable Research D o c u m e n ts in Ba n g l a d e s h a. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem e nt Program m e (2010) Tim e-predictable fault m odeling of Bangladesh, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. b. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2013) "G eo d yn a m ic M odel o f Bangladesh, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G overnm ent o f the People s Republic o f Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. c. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e ( ) Engineering Geological M aps fo r Dhaka, C h itta go n g and Sylhet City Corp o ration A reas, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G o v ern m ent o f th e People s Republic o f Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. d. C om p rehensive Disaster M anage m e n t Program m e {2013) "E n g in e e rin g Geological M aps fo r Bogra, Dinajpur, M ym enshing, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Tangail Paurashava and City C orporation A reas, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem e nt and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. e. C om prehensive Disaster M anage m e n t Program m e ( ) "Seism ic Hazard Assessm ent of Dhaka, C h itta go n g & S ylhet city corporation area, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G o vern m en t of th e People s Republic o f Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. f. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) "Seism ic Hazard Assessm ent o f Bogra, Dinajpur, Rajshahi, Rangpur, M ym enshingh and Tangail Paurashavas and City corporation areas, M inistry o f Disaster M anage m e n t and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. g. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Pro gram m e (2013) Seismic Vulnerability Assessm ent o f Bogra, Dinajpur, Rajshahi, Rangpur, M ym enshingh and Tangail Paurashavas and City corporation areas, M inistry o f Disaster M anage m e n t and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. h. C H TD F -U N D P {2010) "S eism ic Hazard Assessm ent o f Rangam ati, Bandarban and Khagrachari Paurashava a rea, U nited Nation Development Programme, Rangamati, Bangladesh. i. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e ( ) "E arthquake Vulnerability Assessm ent o f Dhaka, C h itta g o n g & Sylhet city co rp oratio n area, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G o v e rn m e n t o f th e People s Republic o f Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. j. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e ( ) "Earthquake C ontingency Plan fo r Dhaka C ity C o rp o ra tio n, Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. k. C H TD F -U N D P (2010) "E arth q u a ke Vulnerability Assessm ent of Rangam ati, Bandarban and Khagrachari Paurashava area, U nited Nation D evelopm ent Program m e, Rangam ati, Bangladesh. I. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e ( ) "E arthquake C ontingency Plan fo r S ylhet C ity C o rp o ra tio n ", Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent o f the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. m. C om p rehensive Disaster M a n a ge m e n t Program m e { ) "E arth q u a ke C ontingency Plan fo r C h itta go n g City C orporation, M inistry o f Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G o vern m en t o f th e People s Republic o f Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

224 n. Com prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) Earthquake C ontingency Plan fo r Rajshahi C ity Corporal Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. o. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) Earthquake C ontingency Plan fo r R angpur C ity C orporation, M inistry of Disaster M an a ge m e n t and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. p. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) "E arth q u a ke C ontingency Plan fo r Dinajpur Paurashava, Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. q. C om prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) "E arthquake C ontingency Plan fo r Bogra Paurashava, M inistry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, G overnm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. r. Com prehensive Disaster M anagem ent Program m e (2014) Earthquake C ontingency Plan fo r M ym enshingh Paurashava, Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. s. C om prehensive Disaster M a nagem e nt Program m e (2014) "E arthquake C ontingency Plan fo r Tangail Paurashava, Ministry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief, Governm ent of the People s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANGLADESH 184

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228 U K a id m z c llm; i a n t MBASSY Australian Aid Co m p re h e n sive D isaster M an ag em en t Program m e (C D M P II) M inistry of Disaster M anagem ent and Relief (M odm R ) O info@cdmp.org.bd Technical Assistance adpc Asian D isaster P rep aredness Center O adpc@adpc.net

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