Amazing facts about agriculture in the Midlands

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1 Amazing facts about agriculture in the Midlands

2 Total income from farming in 2002 was 6 billion almost 2 /3 lower than 1996 The majority of farmers are in the age bracket Without pesticides and fertilizers, UK farmers would have to plough up extra land the size of Wales if they are to grow the same amount of food as they do now (Get your Facts Right) There are: Dairy herds have decreased by 17% but beef herds have increased by 55% over the last ten years Breeding ewe numbers have had an overall increase of 7% over the last ten years Staffordshire and Shropshire have one-third each of the breeding pig herd 42% of the UK s total poultry can be found in Hertfordshire and 31% in Shropshire (From ERDP s Regional Charter Document 2002) Llamas, alpacas and ostriches can now be seen more often on UK farms A wheat crop will produce on average eight tonnes of grain per hectare - that s enough to make 12,000 loaves of bread! (Home-Grown Cereal Authority) 639,653 cattle (*1987 data) 1,766,087 sheep (*1987 data) 659,963 pigs (*1987 data) 8,447,834 poultry (*1986 data) (*MAFF Agricultural Census Data 1997) Amazing facts about agriculture 3

3 Around 10% of UK agricultural land is included in agri-environment schemes, which involve payments to farmers for being environmentally aware Cereals are Britain s biggest crop of which 31% is used to make flour (Home-Grown Cereal Authority) Over 70% of land in the UK is used for agriculture 36% of land in the UK is used for growing arable crops 77% of land in region is used for agriculture (Potential Impacts of climate change in the emsdot 2000) 2% of employment in the region is in agriculture (Potential Impacts of climate change in the emsdot 2000) In 2001 the gross output from agriculture in the region was 1.544m 72% of land in the region is used for agriculture (Potential impacts of climate change in the SWM 2004) Around 35% of land in the region is used for arable & horticulture (Potential impacts of climate change in the West Midlands SWM 2004) Around 35% of land in the region is used for grazing livestock (Potential impacts of climate change in the West Midlands SWM 2004) In 2004, 200 hectares of elephant grass (Miscanthus*) has been planted. This is a biological alternative source of fuel for electricity production. 22,000 tonnes of Miscanthus can provide enough electricity to power 2,000 homes. (*3m high plant originating in Asia) The sector employs 44,000 people on 15,000 holdings 4 Amazing facts about agriculture Amazing facts about agriculture 5

4 By 2020 average annual temperatures could increase by between 0.5 and 1.5 C in the Midlands. By 2080 the increase could be as much as 5 C unless we reduce our global emissions of carbon dioxide substantially in the next few years Animals will need less time under cover but winter flooding and low summer rainfall will reduce the quality of grassland, which means that extra food supplements may be needed Soil moisture content will be significantly reduced in summer and autumn when crops need water most and when there is higher demand from other areas Costs for heating under glass 6 Amazing facts about agriculture n Climate change will mean warmer winters with fewer frosts, which will reduce crop yields such as blackcurrants, raspberries, apples and some winter wheat varieties summer droughts Growing seasons could increase by up to 100 days, allowing earlier crop planting - unless the land is too wet for access! Of course, the growing season for weeds is also extended New varieties or genetic modification of crops could adapt to changing climate (UK Climate Impacts Programme (CIP)) should reduce Some pests and diseases could become more common and new varieties could arrive from other countries n Climate change could mean reduced lamb deaths caused by cold temperatures in the western area Average rainfall will stay about the same but there could be increases of up to 30% in winter and reductions of up to 50% in summer. These changes will increase the risks of flooding and climate change offers potential for new crops including sunflower, soya, grapes and fuel crops such as coppiced trees and straw. n Climate change could mean higher temperatures, reducing the time available to pick some sensitive crops, such as peas n Climate change could place the Peak District at greater risk of soil erosion due to grazing and public access n If the climate changes as predicted, irrigation for salad and similar crops will be a problem unless winter rainfall is stored n Climate change could mean greater potential for double cropping of strawberries and salad crops in Worcestershire and Herefordshire (Sustainability (SWM)) n Potatoes, carrots and sugar beet could suffer from reduced yields, especially in the sandy soils of Nottinghamshire, which are heavily dependant on irrigation, as a result of climate change. Such land could become unsustainable for agriculture. ( Sustainable Development Round Table (emsdot)) Amazing facts about agriculture 7

5 MIDLANDS REGION ADDRESSES REGIONAL OFFICE Sapphire East 550 Streetsbrook Road Solihull B91 1QT UPPER SEVERN OFFICE Hafren House Welshpool Road Shelton Shrewsbury SY3 8BB LOWER SEVERN OFFICE Riversmeet House Newtown Industrial Estate Northway Lane Tewkesbury GL20 8JG UPPER TRENT OFFICE Sentinel House Wellington Crescent Fradley Park Lichfield WS13 8RR LOWER TRENT OFFICE Trentside Offices Scarrington Road West Bridgford Nottingham NG2 5FA Nottingham Area Administrative Boundaries Regional Boundary UPPER TRENT LOWER TRENT Area Office Shrewsbury Lichfield Regional Headquarters UPPER SEVERN Solihull ENVIRONMENT AGENCY GENERAL ENQUIRY LINE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY F L O O D L I N E ENVIRONMENT AGENCY EMERGENCY HOTLINE Tewkesbury LOWER SEVERN GEMI1004BIHZ-e-p Printed on Cyclus

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