Energy Saving Opportunities for Small Businesses. Dan Gaherty Program Manager October 24, 2012

Transcription

1 Energy Saving Opportunities for Small Businesses Dan Gaherty Program Manager October 24,

2 Agenda Introduction to Efficiency Vermont. No cost / low cost fuel savers Savings Opportunities in Lighting Question and answer session. 2

3 Who is Efficiency Vermont? Established in 2000 by the Legislature and the Public Service Board Fulfills electric utilities obligations to implement system-wide electric efficiency programs as part of a least-cost energy supply portfolio Funded through an Energy Efficiency Charge (EEC) Operated by Vermont Energy Investment Corporation under contract to the Vermont Public Service Board. 3

4 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE of EVT To acquire all energy efficiency resources that will lower the cost of meeting Vermont s electricity requirements 4

5 Efficiency Vermont Services Identify Cost-Effective Efficiency Opportunities Routine replacement Retrofit Technical Advice Assist with determining equipment eligible for rebates Provide Economic Analysis (when requested) Savings estimates Cash flow Provide information (including financing /rebates) to move energy efficiency projects forward 5

6 How do I get started? Prioritize 1. No cost things first. 2. Low cost measures that lead to savings. 3. More costly items that have quick payback. 4. More expensive items that have longer term return on investment. 6

7 Commercial Building Energy Consumption 7

8 Where do we start? The top three end uses in the commercial sector: 1. Space heating 2. Lighting 3. Space cooling This represents close to half of commercial site energy consumption. 8

9 Space Heating No Cost Measure Thermostats An 8 hour setback will save: % for a 10 to 15 degree setback 1% for every degree setback This is good, but - Manual (human) operation is not totally reliable 9

10 Space Heating - Low Cost Measures Thermostats Consider a Programmable thermostat Allows scheduling automatic 7 day setpoint adjustments Days / Nights / weekends Already have one - Check for changes in seasons and occupancy 10

11 Space Heating - Low Cost Measures AIR INFILTRATION Reducing building air leakage Air infiltration through the building envelope has a significant impact on space heating energy use and occupant comfort in buildings. 11

12 Infiltration Heat Loss 2 Types 1. Stack Effect: Warm air rising and escaping though the upper levels of a building results in cool outside air being pulled in from lower areas 12

13 Infiltration Heat Loss 2. Wind Effect: 13

14 Reducing Infiltration Low Cost DIY Measures Generally seal cracks/gaps between heated and unheated space Weatherstrip and add door sweeps to entrance doors / attic access Caulk / foam band joist and sill areas in basement Caulk / foam wiring and plumbing penetrations in basement and attic Add transparent window film 14

15 Space Heating - Low Cost DIY Measures Block heat bypasses i.e., unsealed openings into attic Bad 15

16 Space Heating - Low Cost Measures Heating Systems Have oil fired heating system cleaned and tuned up annually Request combustion test results Replace furnace air filters at least 2X/year Add insulation wrap on electric water heaters Reduce water temperature to 120 degrees (on tanks) Basement Weatherstrip bulkhead doors Seal unused chimney flues Cut extruded polystyrene panels to fit window openings 16

17 Space Heating Contractor services AIR INFILTRATION Detection / measurement Professional energy auditors use blower door tests to help determine a building s air tightness The blower door is used to depressurize the building so that outside air can be detected entering through cracks and gaps in building envelope These test will determine the air infiltration rate in air changes/hour Consider this test if there are concerns with backdrafting combustion appliances Multi-unit buildings may be problematic to test 17

18 Space Heating Other Measures Building Performance (BP) Contractors are trained and certified through the Building Performance Institute (BPI) to perform energy audits that include blower door tests. BP rebates offered by Efficiency Vermont will reduce the cost of air sealing and insulation improvements. See EVT website for BP contractor list 18

19 Commercial Building Electricity Consumption 19

20 Switching to Lighting Basic Terminology Some lighting industry terms A lamp is a light source (often referred to as a bulb) Lumen A measurement of light emitted by a lamp. As reference, a 100-watt incandescent lamp emits about 1600 lumens. Efficacy The ratio of light produced to energy consumed. It's measured as the number of lumens produced divided by the rate of electricity consumption (lumens per watt). 20

21 New Lighting Efficiency Standards Energy Security and Independence Act (2007) Regulations are being phased in now Now affecting availability of certain Incandescent and fluorescent Lamps In general, lamps must consume around 25% less energy Example: 100 watt incandescent lamps are no longer available 21

22 New Lighting Efficiency Standards Standard A lamp changes Current Wattage January 1, 2012 January 1, 2013 January 1, watts 75 watts 60 watts 40 watts New Maximum 72 watts 53 watts 43 watts 29 watts 22

23 Common lamp types affected by regulation Incandescent A Shape, globe, candle Reflector PAR 38, R 20, BR30 Lamp Linear Fluorescent 4 foot - T12, T-8 >25 watts 8 foot - T12,T8 and HO > 52 watts 23

24 Choosing new (more efficient) lighting (Too) Many Options? More efficient incandescent Halogen Incandescent Compact Fluorescent (CFL) Metal-Halide More efficient Linear Fluorescent LED 24

25 Light Source Efficacy * Commercially available and ENERGY STAR / DesignLights qualified 25

26 Lifetime by Lighting Technology Light Source Incandescent Halogen Incandescent Range of Typical Rated Life 750 2,000 hours 2,000-4,000 hours Compact Fluorescent (CFL) Metal-Halide 8,000-12,000 hours 7,500-20,000 hours Linear Fluorescent LED 18,000-40,000 hours ~1, ,000 hours 26

27 Lighting Terminology Color Temperature The color appearance of the light emitted from a lamp, measured in degrees Kelvin Color temperature indicates how the source of the light appears to you Color temperature is subjective there is no right or wrong but not all color temp s are appropriate for all applications 27

28 Types of Light Sources Fluorescent Within the fluorescent family: Compact Fluorescent (CFL) Screw base Hard wired Linear Fluorescent Induction Fluorescent All fluorescent sources require a ballast: Provides the necessary conditions to start the arc between the lamp cathodes, and regulates the current through the lamp once started 28

29 Types of Light Sources Fluorescent Screw Base CFL Use 75% less energy than incandescent Lamp & ballast are integrated in a package meant to replace standard incandescent Inexpensive; shorter life due to ballast Hard Wired CFL The ballast is integrated with the light fixture More expensive but much longer life 29

30 CFLs Changing Landscape Challenges: Lighting Technology Confusion 30

31 Incandescent / CFL Equivalent light output Incandescent 100 watt = 1,600 lumens Compact Fluorescent watts 75 watt = 1,100 lumens watts 60 watt = 800 lumens watts 40 watt = 450 lumens 9-13 watts 31

32 Point of Purchase Information 32

33 Point of Purchase Information 33

34 LED LIGHTING LED (Light-Emitting Diode) lighting is a rapidly evolving technology. LED lighting is more like a computer chip than a regular light bulb. LEDs are the only light source that are inherently directional and do not require a reflector to direct light. LED products have the potential to last two to three times longer compared to fluorescent or HID lighting, and 10 times longer compared to incandescent. 34

35 What Applications are Appropriate for LEDs Now? Directional Applications take advantage of the inherent directionality associated with LEDs Recessed down lights Track lighting Exterior area lighting Cold Temperature Applications LEDs perform extremely well in cold temps Refrigerated case lights Exterior security lighting Don t forget exit signs 35

36 LED Advantages Efficient Light Quality Dimmable Instant-on, No Warm-Up Directional, Controllable Long Life No IR/UV Light No Mercury Incandescent Fluorescent HID LED * * * * * * * * 36

37 Recessed Downlight Fixtures Existing Technology: Incandescent Issues: Very inefficient, short life, waste heat LED Downlights Screw-in retrofit units available Dimmable Similar light output Up to 80% energy savings ~ 50,000 hr life CFL Downlights (hardwired) No effective retrofit kits Similar light output Up to 75% energy savings ~ 8,000 to 10,000 hr 37

38 Incandescent replacements Recessed cans EcoSmart 6 Downlight (Cree Lighting) ECO-575L Also in 4 Commercial Electric 6 Downlight (Cordelia Lighting) CER673WH Also in 4 Sylvania 6 Downlight Also in 4 38

39 Track Lighting Halogen track fixtures are often the workhorse of a retail lighting plan Excellent color properties Precise beam control Very energy inefficient High waste heat Short life (4000 hours) 39

40 Replace incandescent with LED PAR 38, R 20, BR30 Lamps EcoSmart (Lighting Science) PAR 30 ECS 30 WW FL GE PAR Utilitech BR

41 Efficient Lighting Products Current retail availability CFLs $0.99 Standard $3.99 Specialty (candelabra, globe) LEDs Per unit price reduction from Efficiency Vermont $5 decoratives and fixtures $10-20 standard A lamp replacement $10-$15 PAR 38, R 20, BR30 $10 Recessed downlights 41

42 Linear Fluorescent Tube shaped lamp in various lengths and diameters Lamps are denoted by diameter in 1/8 increments T8 = 1 Tube diameter Common sizes are T5, T8, and T12 Very efficient (in general) up to 100 lm/w Lamps contain mercury 42

43 Linear Fluorescent Ballast Types Magnetic (common until early 90 s) Inefficient, loud, visible flicker, heavy, may contain PCBs (primarily older T12) Electronic More efficient, quieter, undetectable flicker, lighter, longer life, more reliable, runs cooler Instant Start: most common, most efficient, however frequent switching can shorten life Programmed Start: slightly less efficient, can dramatically extend lamp life when frequently switched 43

44 High Performance T8 High Efficiency Fluorescent Lighting System The preferred lamp/ballast combination HPT8 definition A high lumen lamp combined with a high efficiency low power ballast Provides as much light as a standard T8 lamp with a normal power ballast Advantages 30-50% energy savings vs. standard T % longer lamp life 44

45 High Performance T8 benefits Standard T8 Light Output = 2 lamps x 0.88 BF x 2,800 lumens = 4,928 lm Uses 59 watts on a 2-lamp fixture HPT8 Light Output = 2 lamps x 0.78 BF x 3,150 lumens = 4,914 lm Uses 48 watts on a 2-lamp fixture Same light output while using 19% less energy!! 45

46 T12 to HPT8 Fixture Retrofit Savings Existing: 20, 2 lamp T-12 fixtures with magnetic ballast and 34 watt lamps Total watts = 82 New: 20, 2 lamp HPT8 fixtures with.78 ballast factor Total watts = 49 Annual Savings = 1,815 kwh, $235 Rebate = $20 per fixture Same as a above except 4 lamp system: Annual Savings = 4,740 kwh, $628 46

47 T8 to HPT8 Fixture Retrofit Savings Existing: 20, 2 lamp T-8 fixtures with electonic ballast and 34 watt lamps Total watts = 60 New: 20, 2 lamp HPT8 fixtures with.78 ballast factor Total watts = 48 Annual Savings = 660 kwh, $86 Add switch occupancy sensor will result in additional 190 kwh savings or $25/year Rebate = $10/ per fixture, $30 per sensor 47

48 T8 to HPT8 Fixture Retrofit Savings Existing: 20, 3 lamp T8 fixtures with EE magnetic ballasts and 34 watt lamps Total watts = 88 New: 20, 3 lamp HPT8 fixtures with 25 watt (reduced wattage) T8 lamps Total watts = 70 Annual Savings = 990 kwh, $128 Rebate = $10 per fixture 2750 hours / year ($ / kwh) 48

49 Exterior Lighting Predominant Existing Technology: Mercury Vapor, Metal Halide & High Pressure Sodium Issues: Less efficient, very poor color rendering (HPS), long warm-up time, limited control possibilities, poor optical control Recommended Solution: LED 50-70% energy savings (partially due to improved optical control) k hr lamp life vs. standard 12-20k hrs 49

50 LED vs. High Pressure Sodium 50

51 Exterior Fixture Retrofit Savings Photocell control - Dusk to dawn operation Existing: 175 watt HPS (205 total watts) New: 53 watt LED Annual Savings: 645 kwh, $84 74% savings Rebate: $175 per fixture ($ / kwh) 51

52 Lighting Controls Automatic controls save energy by turning lighting systems off or reducing light output when they are least needed. Photo (daylight) sensors. Time clocks. Motion sensors. Bi-level stepping/dimming. A combination of the above options, such as a photo sensor and motion sensor, is recommended for maximum energy savings. 52

53 Walk-in / Reach-in Cooler Lighting 53

54 Exit Sign Replacement Operate 24 / 7 Existing fixture: 2, 40 watt incandescent New fixture: 2 watt LED Annual Savings: 333 kwh, $43 95% savings ($ / kwh) 54

55 LED Opportunity Summary Retail Purchases Lamps discounted at point of purchase LED A style, PAR/MR Lamps LED Recessed Down Lights See EVT website for list of retailers 55

56 LED Opportunity Summary Distributor Purchases Lamps discounted at point of purchase LED A style, PAR/MR Lamps Rebates available LED Recessed Down Lights LED Street and Area Lighting LED Refrigerated Case Lighting See EVT website for supplier list 56

57 Efficiency Vermont Lighting Rebates Products purchased from Lighting Distributors Prescriptive rebate offerings for high efficiency fluorescent (HPT8, T5/T5HO, CFL), interior LED (12 categories), exterior LED (6 categories), and controls (interior, exterior, cooler case) 57

58 Efficiency Vermont Lighting Rebates Products purchased from Lighting Distributors LED product rebates offered in two tiers: Premium (DesignLights Qualified, ENERGY STAR) Standard (Lighting Facts EE Program) 58

59 C&I Lighting Program SMARTLIGHT Products purchased from Lighting Distributors SMARTLIGHT upstream rebate program for replacement lamps screw base LED, reduced-wattage fluorescent, reduced-wattage metal halide 59

60 BUT Not all LED lighting is created equal Testing by the U.S. Department of Energy has shown wide variability in performance of LED products, with some products not meeting the ratings listed by the manufacturer. Only well-designed LED products using the latest in LED technology, and applied in the right applications, will provide the energy, light quality, and long-life benefits of LEDs. 60

61 Purchasing High Quality LEDs Look for the LED Eligible Products Guide on EVT Website "Premium" rebate Listing by ENERGY STAR or Design Lights Consortium "Standard" rebate Listing by Lighting Facts OR CALL EFFICIENCY VERMONT 61

62 VT Businesses for Social Responsibility Business Energy Action is an energy challenge for Vermont s small businesses. The challenge is to reduce your business energy consumption by 5% annually for 3 years, through energy efficiency investments. Contact: 62

63 EVT / VMEC Workshop Engaging Employees in Reducing Energy Assist organizations in becoming more competitive by engaging employees in finding effective ways to reduce energy use and costs. Date: Thursday, November 29, 2012 Time: 8 AM - 4 PM Place: DoubleTree Hotel, S. Burlington, VT Workshop Fee: $325 See EVT or VMEC websites for more info. 63

64 Thank you We look forward to helping you to save energy and money. 64

65 Questions? 65

66 How to reach us: Dan Gaherty PHONE: Toll-free: MAIL: Efficiency Vermont 128 Lakeside Ave, Suite 401 Burlington VT Website: 66