WEEE Management in Thailand

Transcription

1 WEEE Management in Thailand Sunee Piyapanpong Director of Waste and Hazardous Substance Management Bureau Pollution Control Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 1

2 Types of WEEE 1. Large Home Appliances 2. Small Home Appliances 3. IT Equipments 4. Consumer Products 5. Lighting Equipments 6. Monitoring & Control Instruments 7. Electrical & Electronic Tools 8. Medical Instruments 9. Electrical & Electronic Toys 10. Automatic Dispensers E-O-F Electrical and Electronic Equipments

3 Situation Rapidly Rapidly increasing of E-wastesE 5.00 ปร มาณซาก (ล านเคร อง/ป ) ~12% per annum ป พ.ศ. Source: PCD,

4 Situation High potential to be recycled ประเภท WEEE Recyclable Non-recyclable (Tons) (tons)* (tons)** TVs 8,201 2,542 5,659 Refrigertors 17,763 16,342 1,421 Washing machines 11,370 8,073 3,297 Air Conditions 17,407 17,407 - Computers 2,105 2,105 - total 57,934 (100%) 47,577 (82.1%) 10,377 (17.9%) Source: PCD,

5 Situation The amount of EEE import and export in Thailand Products Values of import- export (Million bath) Market Import of electrical equipments and parts/components Import of electronic products Export of electrical equipments Export of electronic products 406,450 (8.45% of total import amount) 746,547 (15.7% of total import amount) 543,587 (12.25% 25% of total export amount) 891,191 (20.09 of total import amount) China Japan South Korea USA and EU - USA UK Italy Australia Spain Japan Malaysia Indonesia and Saudi Arabia USA China Singapore Taiwan Japan Hong Kong and Malaysia 5

6 Situation Poor domestic facilities 6

7 Situation Forced by the international environmental standard WEEE RoHS LPEUR HARL EuP 7

8 Situation Illegal import of sub-standard standard product or waste 8

9 กรมควบค มมลพ ษ EEE Life Cycle: Thailand Controlled by MOI Scraps / Off-spec products Production of EEE Import of EEE Import of Used EEE Import of WEEE Scraps / Off-spec products (1) (2) (3) (4) Materials / Precious Metals Controlled by Market Mechanism Export of (16) EEE & WEEE Distributor & (5) Retailed Shops EEE Repair Shops Consumers (6) Discard Waste 3R Facilities non-marketable Refurbish Spare Parts Shops Reuseable Parts (8) Repair (9) Scraps from 3R process Controlled by LAO Sold Reuseable (7) Collection Non-reuseable (11) Dismantling (Tricycles/ Junk Shops) (10) LAW NEED TO BE IMPROVED Non-marketable scraps & parts Sold Reuseable Parts STRATEGIC PLAN PILOT PROJECT (12) Improperly Disposed WEEE - with general waste - in public area Controlled by MOI Final Disposal (15) Facilities 9

10 Control of New EEE to place on Thai Market Thai Industrial Standard Institute Define Define the Compulsory Standards for EEE Productsroducts to be placed on Thai market must be compiled with the applicable standards and Manufacturers must have adequate quality control system More More than 30 Compulsory Standards for EEE Technical Committee No has been established since March 2006 in order to set up the environmental standard for EEE (including Thai RoHS and review the TC111 s s working/ drafting guideline/paper and give advices, guidance and recommendations for Thai member of TC111

11 Import Control of Used EEE Department of Industrial Works issued the new regulation for the import control of the used EEE & its parts/components 29 items of used EEE are required the import permission from DIW Import of used EEE is allowed only for activities of resale, reuse, repair/refurbish as it original purposes, disassembly and recycle/recovery with different conditions as well as only from Parties to the Basel Convention.

12 29 Items are: Radio Tape-recorder player Video player VCD player DVD Player TV Air conditioner Washing machine Cloth dyer Dry-cleaner machine Rice cooker Electric pot Microwave Electric oven Electric fan Refrigerator Import Control of Used EEE Water cooler Hair dryer Iron Burglar or fire alarm & similar apparatus Compressors of a kind used refrigerating equipment Calculator Electric type writer Photocopier Telephone Fax machine Telegraph machine Mobile phone Computer & its devices

13 Criteria for determination: Import Control of Used EEE Age ( ( 5 yrs for photocopier 3 yrs for other 28 items) Testing product std. Quality guarantee Economic value Appropriate amount compared to the capacity of facilities In case of repair/refurbish, disassembly & recycle/ recovery: Facilities must have a permit required by Factory Act Consent of Exporting Country is required for the guarantee that all residues from such process will be taken back to the Exporting Country

14 Import Control of E-waste The Import and export of hazardous wastes and special wastes (i.e. plastic wastes) are required the permission from Department of Industrial Works in accordance with the national law and the Basel Convention Perform the waste sample & its analytical compositions and the condition of waste container/packaging Report the work plan for the importation of hazardous waste on the yearly basis Notification/ Apply the Permit Waste Samples Waste Compositions Waste Conditions Yearly plan for importation/shipment Notify/declare the necessary documents before importation not less than 15 days

15 กรมควบค มมลพ ษ Parts to be improved Controlled by LAO (10) EEE Repair Shops LAW NEED TO BE IMPROVED Non-marketable scraps & parts STRATEGIC PLAN PILOT PROJECT Reuseable Spare Parts Shops (9) Waste (7) Collection Non-reuseable (11) Dismantling (Tricycles/ Junk Shops) Sold Reuseable Parts (12) Improperly Disposed WEEE - with general waste - in public area Final Disposal Facilities (15)

16 Government Agencies Strategic Plan Drafting Group Pollution Control Dept. (PCD) Office of Industrial Economics (OIE) Dept. of Industrial Works (DIW) Thai Industrial Standards Institue (TISI) Off. of Natural Resources & Environmental Policy & Planning (ONEPP) Customs Dept. Fiscal Policy Office Comptroller General s s Dept Dept. of Foreign Trade Dept. of Trade Negotiation Private agencies National Metal & Materials Technology Center (MTEC) Clean Technology Advance Gr. (CTAP/MTEC) Chulalongkorn U. (CU) Thai Environment Ins. (TEI) Electrical & EIectronic Institute (EEI) Federal of Thai Industries (FTI) : Recycling, EEE 16

17 Polluter Pay Principle Concept of Strategic Plan Producer, Importer and Consumer Responsibility WEEE Fund New Law Public Education, PR, R&D (Eco-product development), etc. 17

18 WEEE Strategic Plan Strategy 1 Technology Development & Best Available Practice Strategy 2 Capacity building & empowerment Strategy 3 Law enforcement & development Strategy 4 Financial & investment system Strategy 5 Management scheme & organization development 18

19 Target Collection rate 50% by 2011 Recycling rate 50% by 2011 Dismantling and recycling facility for WEEE is established Thai EE industries can design and manufacture environmentally friendly products to increase competitiveness HHW management center is established by 2011

20 Producer Excise Dept. Product Charge (Draft) Law for Hazardous Waste Management Importer Customs Dept. Committee Municipalities Users Take-back service network Take-back center Waste processor Specific fund 20

21 Pilot Projects and other activities End-of-life FL and mobile phone battery take back programs Household hazardous waste management scheme E-Waste inventory Capacity building and other services

22 Mobile Phones Batteries Promote the bring-back back program of mobile phone bodies & batteries

23 Pilot Project on Mobile Phone Battery Taking Back System โรงงานร บ Final ก าจ ดของเส ย Disposal โรงงานผ ผล ต Producer Dismantle/ โรงงานค ดแยก Recycle ผ ให บร การเคร อข าย Service Provider Collection ศ นย เก บรวบรวม Center Retailed ร านค าย อย/ Shop/ Service ศ นย บร การท วไป Center ร านค าย อย/ศ นย บร การ Designated Retailed Shop/ ท เป นจ ดร บท ง Service Center ผ ใช โทรศ พท User ตลาดแลกเปล ยน Second- hand Market ผล ตภ ณฑ เส อมสภาพ End-of-life product

24 Mobile phone battery take back program

25 Fluorescent Lamps Initiate fluorescent lamps partnership for the environmentally sound management of end-of of-life fluorescent lamps

26 Current Situation

27 กล มเป าหมายหล ก ป Target generators

28 Pilot Project on Fluorescent Lamp Recycling Registered to PCD 1 Business Users Provide containers 3 Makers may collect WFL directly from Business Users 4 Municipalities collect WFL from Business Users PCD PR Household Users PR 4 Collection Municipalities 3 - Focal point - Facilitate collection activities - Develop main guideline - Manifest document - PR 5 5 Producers collect WFL from municipalities 2 Contact producers Producers 3 Provide containers

29 Fluorescent lamp recycling facility

30 HHW Management Scheme Objective To enhance capability of municipalities for environmentally safe community generated hazardous waste separation, collection, transportation and disposal. To make people aware of the environmental and health impacts from household hazardous waste and promote cooperation from residents to segregate household hazardous waste.

31 Pilot areas Phitsanulok Bangkok Metropolitan Nonthaburi

32 CGHW management scheme การกระต นจ ตส าน ก ประชาส มพ นธ ทางส อต างๆ จ ดก จกรรม Road Show การต ดโปสเตอร การสร างแรงจ งใจ จ ดก จกรรมขยะ อ นตรายแลกของ การสร างความร จ ดอบรม การเคาะประต บ าน การประช มกล มย อย 1. การสร างกลไกการค ดแยก 6. การร ไซเค ล หลอดไฟชน ดตรง แบตเตอร ม อถ อ ถ านอ ดประจ ได 7. การบ าบ ด/ก าจ ด 7.1 การปร บเสถ ยร/ฝ งกลบ 7.2 การเผา 5. การขนส งไปย งสถานท จ ดการ บรรท กภาชนะท บรรจ ขยะอ นตรายข นรถ Roll- off truck ขยะอ นตรายจากช มชน บ านเร อน/สถานประกอบการ/ ส าน กงาน ต วอย างขยะอ นตราย จากช มชน 2. การแยกท ง 2.1 แยกใส ถ งวางหน าบ านตามเวลา 2.2 แยกท งตามจ ดท ก าหนด 2.3 การจ ดว นพ เศษเพ อรวบรวม 3. การเก บรวบรวม 3.1 โดยรถขยะม ลฝอยท วไปท ม ช องเก บโดยเฉพาะ 3.2 โดยรถเก บขนของเส ยอ นตรายโดยเฉพาะ 4. การเก บก ก ณ สถานท เก บรวบรวม 4.1 รวบรวมหลอดไฟชน ดตรงท ไม แตกส งร ไซเค ล 4.2 บรรจ ขยะอ นตรายในภาชนะแยกตามประเภท

33 Containers 88-liter bin for aerosol cans, pesticide cans and cleaning liquid bottles. To be used in the storage facility. Drop-off container to be installed at drop-off points in communities 160-liter FL collection containers (up to 100 lamps)

34 Modification of collection trucks

35 Drop off container in community center

36 Storage facilities

37 Collected HHW

38

39 E-waste Inventory in Thailand Survey on the Discharge of the Selected E-wastes and the Mobile Telephones in Bangkok & its Vicinity, Survey on Discarded Fluorescent Lamps in Thailand, Survey of Import and ESM of E-waste in Thailand, Survey of E-waste by EEI and BCSC-SEA

40 Capacity Building and other services Green Camps LCA and EcoDesign for EEE Upgrading laboratories for RoHS compliance EEI s laboratory International cooperation and training projects

41 41