Towards the standardization and harmonization of world soil data: An overview of the ISRIC World Soil Information Service(WoSIS 2)
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1 Towards the standardization and harmonization of world soil data: An overview of the ISRIC World Soil Information Service(WoSIS 2) Niels Batjes, Eloi Ribeiro, Ad van Oostrum, Johan Leenaars and Jorge Mendes de Jesus Thematic day on Soil data New developments and applications organised by the Dutch Soil Science Society (NBV) and ISRIC World Soil Information (Wageningen, 4 December 2015)
2 Context This talk ISRIC mission: To serve the international community with information about the world s soil resources to help addressing major global issues Three priority areas: soil data and soil mapping application of soil data in global development issues training and education Source infographic: FAO 2015
3 WoSIS objective Developing a centralized enterprise database to: - safeguard world soil data as is - share soil data (point, polygons and grids) upon their standardization and harmonization - provide input for a range of applictions We need to better understand and manage our global soil resources Status of the World Soil Resources Report (GSP, 4 December 2015) Decision makers and managers must have access to the information they need, when they need it, and in a format they can use (GEO, 2010)
4 Basic WoSIS principles Everybody may contribute data for inclusion in WoSIS Data providers must indicate how their data may be distributed Conditions for use (licences) are stored/enforced in WoSIS The submitted data will be gradually standardized and harmonized, ultimately to make them comparable as if assessed by a single given (reference) method All quality-assessed and harmonized shared data will be made queryable using various web services embedded in ISRIC s upcoming Spatial Data Infrastructure The next slides serve to illustrate some of these ongoing developments
5 Providing mechanisms for the collation, analysis and exchange of consistent and comparable global soil data and information (Baritz et al. 2014, GSP Pillar V) Areas of harmonization Initial focus in WoSIS 2 GSP areas of harmonization
6 Source data - Depend on soil profile data provided by a wide range of international partners - Not all profile data are freely accessible due to inherited restrictions (licences) - Access rights and lineage are managed in WoSIS 2 and many others...
7 Towards data standardization and harmonization 2 import source data as is in PostgreSQL Ribeiro et al. (2015)
8 Data base format conversion PostgreSQL Import data as is, with the original naming and coding conventions, abbreviations, domains etc. AfSP... WISE SOTER NRCS ISIS... AfSP SOTER safeguarding soil collections
9 Map source data into WoSIS2 data model USDA-NRCS CanSis Soil data holdings are organised according to numerous: data models data conventions data contents SOTER WoSIS2 data model Other data providers...
10 WoSIS2 data model Relational model implemented in PostgreSQL 44 interrelated tables
11 Flag repeated profiles Key: ISIS - ISRIC Soil Information System (reference collection) SOTER - Soil and Terrain database programme (compilation) WISE - World Inventory of Soil Emission potentials (compilation) AfSP - Africa Soil Profiles database (compilation)
12 Data holdings in WoSIS 2 About 98,000 unique profiles (December 2015) Some 76,000 profiles are georeferenced within defined limits Number of measured data for each property varies between profiles with depth, generally depending on the purpose of the initial studies Source data based on diverse (inter)national standards Generally, limited quality information provided with the source (analytical) data Lineage: Datasets, reports & maps Soil observations and measurements: Feature (georeferenced profiles & layers) Attribute (x-y-z-t, map, class, site, layer-field, layer-lab) Method Value, including units of expression
13 Standardize soil (analytical) method descriptions Initial focus on 9 properties considered in the GlobalSoilMap specifications
14 Standardize soil analytical method descriptions A property is best described by key elements of the (laboratory) procedure applied (Soil Survey Staff, 2011) Similar approach has been developed for WoSIS 2: Major characteristics of commonly used methods for determining a given soil property are characterised Code confidence in the translation : Low, Medium, High Standardize units of measurements GSM: ph water, 1:5
15 WoSIS 2 Standardized contents Some 28.5 million soil analytical records in WoSIS 2 45% thereof has been standardized and quality-assessed
16 Harmonize to reference method Y (not yet undertaken in WoSIS) Make the data comparable, as if assessed by a single given (reference) method There is generally no universal equation for converting from one method to another in all situations (GlobalSoilMap 2013) This would imply that: each regional node will need to develop and apply node-specific conversions (towards the GSP-adopted standard methods and soils), building on comparative analyses of say archived samples (Baritz et al., 2014)
17 OGC soil IE experiment OGC Soil Data Interoperability Experiment Development and testing of a Soil Markup Language (soilml) (Geography ML compatible encoding for soil features) WoSIS2 data model was used for testing (Soil IE presentation at 97th OGC Tech. Comm., Sydney, Australia, 3/12/ 2015) On the way to a new OGC standard? IE initiators: CSIRO, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia Landcare Research New Zealand (Tech. Lead) ISRIC - World Soil Information, The Netherlands
18 OGC soil IE experiment Data providers: CSIRO, AU Landcare Research, NZ ISRIC, NL (WoSIS2) Three organizations sharing soil data in an inter-operable manner Provides basis for a technical solution to a federated soil database Demo version only
19 OGC soil IE experiment ISRIC developed a Web Processing Service (WPS) and Soil Pedotransfer Service (prototype): - Get soil horizon information on texture from the server - Apply PTF to calculate: bulk density, available water (FC, WP), and saturated hydraulic conductivity
20 Serving WoSIS data to the user (prototype) - Content consistency checks are ongoing - Prototype WFS (via - Official release in 2016 through ISRIC s upcoming GeoNode
21 Interoperability and webservices (SDI under development) WoSIS2 Work in progress...
22 Conclusions Disparate source databases pose many and diverse challenges In view of its global scope, WoSIS will always remain work in progress Future releases of WoSIS will consider a broader range of soil data and their standardization/harmonization WoSIS-derived data will be served using an increasing range of webservices through ISRIC s evolving SDI (2016)
23 Thank you Further information:
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