Commodore PETSCII character sets PET ASCII, CBM ASCII
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1 Commodore PETSCII character sets PET ASCII, CBM ASCII The PETSCII character sets, also known as PET ASCII or CBM ASCII, were 8-bit character sets used by Commodore computers of the 970s and 980s. Originally introduced with Commodore PET 00 in 977, PETSCII was modified and reused in several later Commodore computers. In each version of PETSCII, there were two alternative character sets available: an upper case set (graphics mode) and a lower case set (text/business mode). The upper case set supported upper case letters along with digits and symbols. The lower case set supported both upper and lower case letters, but less symbols. The current set was selected by either the user or a program. Originally, both character sets consisted of 7 visually unique characters. In upper case, there were 6 standard ASCII characters and 65 additional graphic characters. In lower case there were 87 ASCII and 8 graphic characters. Several of the 7 unique characters were duplicated, resulting in each set containing a total of 9 visible characters. Character order was ideal for the PET keyboard layout: holding down the SHIFT key would produce the character whose PETSCII value was base character + 8. Later on, the sets were adjusted a bit, ending with unique characters (6 ASCII, 6 graphical) in upper case and 5 ones (87 ASCII + 8 graphical) in lower case for Commodore 6. In addition to the visible characters, the sets also supported a number of invisible control characters. Support for these control codes varied from device to device. Control characters were used for special keys, cursor movement, editing, color selection and the like. If typed between quotes "..", control characters became visible in program listings. There they appeared in reverse field (see the Sym column in the character charts). PETSCII (Commodore 6) p. C6, C6, C8 PETSCII (Commodore VIC0) p. 5 PETSCII (Commodore PET) p. 8 Commodore PET 80 PETSCII (Original version) p. First Commodore PET 00 (977) Commodore 6 screen display codes (POKE) p. Thick vs. narrow characters p. 5 Commodore PETSCII control characters p. 6 At least four different versions of PETSCII have existed, not counting any regional modifications. ) The 977 version defaulted to upper case letters. In business mode, lower case letters were available with SHIFT. ) Business mode soon changed. Upper and lower case were swapped. Lower case could now be typed without SHIFT. ) VIC0 replaced the backslash (\) by the pound ( ). Area hex 60F now duplicated different characters than before. Most characters were still similar to PET, but they all appeared stretched on VIC0. ) With Commodore 6, the characters became thicker in order to look better on TV. -pixel lines were converted to -pixel lines. This caused pairs of line drawing characters, which used to be pixel off each other, to become similar. If we consider visible characters only, the 977 version of PETSCII was downwards compatible with ASCII96, which was the initial (and long forgotten) version of the ASCII standard. Control characters differed, though. Because of this, PETSCII has never been compatible with any version of ASCII. Thus, the names PET ASCII and CBM ASCII are rather misleading. Even though PETSCII is not fully compatible with either ASCII or Unicode, the following charts list matching characters in these standard character sets where available. PETSCII was used in main memory, keyboard input, storage and printing. A completely different representation for the same characters was used for screen memory. For this purpose Commodore computers used screen display codes. These codes could be "poked" to screen RAM area instead of using PETSCII. As with PETSCII, poke codes too came in upper and lower case sets, which meant each Commodore computer used a total of non-standard character encodings.
2 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c 0 C8 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c 6 C8 PETSCII (Commodore 6) Character sets & C6, C6, C Sym C6 C6 C8 0c 8 C8 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c BLACK C ORANGE PUR UL UL RUN WHITE F BROWN YEL F PINK YEL PINK GRN BELL 5 F GRY PINK GRY CYN 8 LOCK TAB SET/ 6 F MED BL MEDIUM GRY GRN GRAY UNLOCK TAB 7 F LGT LGT LIGHT GRN BLU GREEN LINE FEED 8 F LGT LIGHT BLU BLU BLUE UNLOCK ESC 9 F LGT LGT LIGHT GRY GRN GRAY LOCK RED 0 F8 HLP F PURPLE SHIFT LOWER GREEN UPPER YELLOW BLUE CYAN Character images from C6. Sym=Symbol for control inside quotes.
3 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c 0 C8 UL Sym C6 C6 C8 0c Character images from C6. Sym=Symbol for control inside quotes WHITE LOCK BELL u UNLOCK TAB u C8 u+008 u u+000 u PETSCII (Commodore 6) Character set C6, C6, C8 Upper case (graphics mode) LINE FEED u+000a UNLOCK LOCK LOWER u+000e RED u+0008 TAB SET/ u+0088 ESC u+00b GREEN BLUE u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u u+500 u+660 u u u u u u+005b u+56e u+570 u+56f u+00a u+005d u u+57 u u+90 u+5cf u+665 u+56d u+57 u+5cb u+66 u+666 u+5c u+50 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c ORANGE RUN F F F5 F7 F F F6 F8 HLP F8 SHIFT+ UPPER C8 PUR UL u+000f Sym C6 C6 C8 0c BLACK BROWN PINK YEL GRN C8 u+008d PINK YEL u+58c u+58 u+59 u u+50c u u+500 u+660 u u GRY PINK GRY CYN MED BL MEDIUM GRY GRN GRAY 5 LGT LGT GRN BLU LIGHT GREEN LGT LIGHT BLU BLU BLUE LGT LGT GRY GRN PURPLE LIGHT GRAY YELLOW CYAN u+5e u+5c u+5 u u+7 u+596 u+56e u+570 u+56f u+5cf u+665 u+56d u+57 u+5cb u+58c u+58 u+59 u u+66 u u+58 u u+57 u u+59a u+5c u u+5e u+5c u+5 u u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598
4 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c 0 C8 UL Sym C6 C6 C8 0c Character images from C6. Sym=Symbol for control inside quotes WHITE LOCK BELL u UNLOCK TAB u C8 u+008 u u+000 u PETSCII (Commodore 6) Character set C6, C6, C8 Lower case (text mode) LINE FEED u+000a UNLOCK LOCK LOWER u+000e RED u+0008 TAB SET/ u+0088 ESC u+00b GREEN BLUE u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+0065 u+0066 u+0067 u+0068 u+0069 u+006a u+006b u+006c u+006d u+006e u+006f u+0070 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+0075 u+0076 u+0077 u+0078 u+0079 u+007a u+005b u+00a u+005d u+9 u u+500 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+0055 u+0056 u+0057 u+5c u+50 Sym C6 C6 C8 0c ORANGE RUN F F F5 F7 F F F6 F8 HLP F8 SHIFT+ UPPER C8 PUR UL u+000f Sym C6 C6 C8 0c BLACK BROWN PINK YEL GRN C8 u+008d PINK YEL u+58c u+58 u+59 u GRY PINK GRY CYN MED BL MEDIUM GRY GRN GRAY 5 69 LGT LGT LIGHT GRN BLU GREEN 5 70 LGT LIGHT BLU BLU BLUE LGT LGT GRY GRN PURPLE LIGHT GRAY YELLOW CYAN u+5c u+5 u u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 u+59a u+500 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+0055 u+0056 u u+58c u+58 u+59 u u+00d u+00e 07 u+00f u+5c u u+5c u+5 u u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598
5 PETSCII (Commodore VIC0) Character sets & BLACK RUN WHITE F F F LOCK UNLOCK F F F F RED 0 F PURPLE SHIFT LOWER GREEN UPPER YELLOW BLUE CYAN Differences to C6: Stretched characters with narrow lines. Character pairs A5, A7A, C0, CD differ from each other (also in duplicated areas).
6 PETSCII (Commodore VIC0) Character set Upper case (graphics mode) u+000 u+000 u u+008 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u u+00 u+00 u u+00 u+00 u u+0008 u+00 u+00 u WHITE u+005 u+005 u u+006 u+006 u u+007 u+007 u LOCK u+008 u+008 u UNLOCK u+009 u+009 u BLACK u u+5cf u+005 u RUN u+005 u+665 u u+005 u u+0055 u+56d u+0056 u u+0057 u+5cb u u+56e u+00a u+00a u+00a u+570 u u+00b u+00b u+00b u+005b u+56f u+5c RED u+00c u+00c u+00c 9 65 F u+58f u+50c u+500 u+50c u+008d u+58c u+5 u+660 u+5cf u+58c u u u+665 u u u+56d u+58f F u F5 u+595 u+5cb u F7 u F F u+7 u u+56e 8 50 u+666 u F6 u+5c u+596 u+56f u+5c u+5c u F8 PURPLE u+00a SHIFT+ u+00d u+00d u+00d u+005d u+57 u+50 u+5 u+58 u+57 u+50 u+5 u LOWER GREEN UPPER YELLOW u+000e u+00e u+00e u+00e u+9 u+57 u+000f u+50 u+598 u+57 u+50 u BLUE u+00f u+00f u+00f CYAN u u+59a Differences to C6: Stretched characters with narrow lines. Character pairs A5, A7A, C0, CD differ from each other (also in duplicated areas).
7 PETSCII (Commodore VIC0) Character set Lower case (text mode) WHITE LOCK 9 5 UNLOCK LOWER u+000e 5 u+008 u+0008 RED GREEN BLUE u+00 u+00 5 u+00 6 u+00 7 u u u u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c 5 u+00d 6 u+00e 7 u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+0065 u+0066 u+0067 u+0068 u+0069 u+006a u+006b u+006c u+006d u+006e u+006f u+0070 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+0075 u+0076 u+0077 u+0078 u+0079 u+007a u+005b u+00a u+005d u+9 u u u u u u+00 0 u u u u u u+00a 07 u+00b 8 BLACK u u u+008d u+58c u+005 u RUN u+005 u u+005 u+58 7 u u u u+5c F u+58f F F5 u F F F F6 u+5c F8 PURPLE u+00c SHIFT+ u+00d u+50 u u+00e 7 u+00f UPPER YELLOW u+000f u CYAN u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 u+59a u+500 u u+00 u+005 u+58c u+00 u+005 u u+00 u+005 u u+00 u+005 u u+005 u+0055 u+58f 98 u+006 u u+007 u u u u+00a 0 u+00b u u+5c u+5c u+00c u+00d u+50 u u+00e u u+00f u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 Differences to C6: Stretched characters with narrow lines. Character pairs A5, A7A differ from each other (also in duplicated areas).
8 PETSCII (Commodore PET) Character sets & Commodore PET KILL LINE INSERT LINE ABOVE ERASE TO RIGHT ERASE TO LEFT BELL DOUBLE BELL TAB SCROLL UP 7 TAB SET/ SCROLL DOWN ESC SHIFT LOWER SET WINDOW TOP UPPER SET WINDOW END Differences to VIC0: Hex 5C is \ instead of. Hex 60F duplicates a different area.
9 PETSCII (Commodore PET) Character set Commodore PET 80 Upper case (graphics mode) u BELL u TAB u LOWER u+000e 5 SET WINDOW TOP u+008 u+0008 KILL LINE ERASE TO RIGHT SCROLL UP ESC u+00b u+00 u+00 5 u+00 6 u+00 7 u u u u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c 5 u+00d 6 u+00e 7 u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+0055 u+0056 u+0057 u+005b u+005c u+005d u+9 u u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f 8 u u u+00 u u+00 u u+00 u INSERT LINE ABOVE u+005 u+58f 8 50 ERASE TO LEFT u u u+50c u u+008d u+58c u+5 u+660 u+5cf u+58c u u+665 u u u+56d u+58f u DOUBLE BELL u+595 u+5cb u u TAB SET/ SCROLL DOWN u+0088 u+5e u+00a u+7 u u u u+56e u+5e 8 50 u u+00b u+5c u+596 u+56f u+5c u+5c u+00c SHIFT+ u+00d u+5 u+58 u+57 u+50 u+5 6 u+00e 7 u+00f UPPER u+000f u+50 u+598 u+57 u SET WINDOW END u+59a u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 Differences to VIC0: Hex 5C is \ instead of. Hex 60F duplicates a different area.
10 PETSCII (Commodore PET) Character set Commodore PET 80 Lower case (business mode) u BELL u TAB u LOWER u+000e 5 SET WINDOW TOP u+008 u+0008 KILL LINE ERASE TO RIGHT SCROLL UP ESC u+00b u+00 u+00 5 u+00 6 u+00 7 u u u u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c 5 u+00d 6 u+00e 7 u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+006 u+0065 u+0066 u+0067 u+0068 u+0069 u+006a u+006b u+006c u+006d u+006e u+006f u+0070 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+007 u+0075 u+0076 u+0077 u+0078 u+0079 u+007a u+005b u+005c u+005d u+9 u u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f 8 u u u+008d u+58c u+00 u u+00 u u+00 u INSERT LINE ABOVE u+005 u+58f 8 50 ERASE TO LEFT u u DOUBLE BELL u u u TAB SET/ SCROLL DOWN u u+00a u+00b u+5c u+00c SHIFT+ u+00d u+5 6 u+00e 7 u+00f UPPER u+000f u SET WINDOW END u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 u+59a u+500 u u+00 u+005 u+58c u+00 u+005 u u+00 u+005 u u+00 u+005 u u+005 u+0055 u+58f 98 u+006 u u+007 u u u u+00a 0 u+00b u u+5c u+5c u+00c u+00d u+50 u u+00e u u+00f u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 Differences to VIC0: Hex 5C is \ instead of. Hex 60F duplicates a different area.
11 PETSCII (Original version) Character sets & First Commodore PET 00 (977) SHIFT Business mode differs from later PET machines: A-Z and a-z appear swapped (thus, SHIFT+a = lower case a).
12 PETSCII (Original version) Character set First Commodore PET 00 (977) Upper case (graphics mode) u u+008 u+0008 u+00 u+00 5 u+00 6 u+00 7 u u u u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c 5 u+00d 6 u+00e 7 u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+0055 u+0056 u+0057 u+005b u+005c u+005d u+9 u u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f 8 u u u+00 u u+00 u u+00 u u+005 u+58f 8 50 u u u+50c u u+008d u+58c u+5 u+660 u+5cf u+58c u u+665 u u u+56d u+58f u u+595 u+5cb u u+009 u+5e u+00a u+7 u u u u+56e u+5e 8 50 u u+00b u+5c u+596 u+56f u+5c u+5c u+00c SHIFT+ u+00d u+5 u+58 u+57 u+50 u u+00e u+50 u+598 u+57 u u+00f u+59a u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 Graphics mode is the same as in later PET machines.
13 PETSCII (Original version) Character set First Commodore PET 00 (977) Lower case (business mode) u u+008 u+0008 u+00 u+00 5 u+00 6 u+00 7 u u u u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c 5 u+00d 6 u+00e 7 u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+000 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f u+0050 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+005 u+0055 u+0056 u+0057 u+005b u+005c u+005d u+9 u u+00 u+00 u+00 u+00 u+005 u+006 u+007 u+008 u+009 u+00a u+00b u+00c u+00d u+00e u+00f 8 u u u+008d u+58c u+00 u u+00 u u+00 u u+005 u+58f 8 50 u u u u u u+00a u+00b u+5c u+00c SHIFT+ u+00d u u+00e u u+00f u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 u+59a u+500 u u+006 u+007 u+58c u+006 u+007 u u+006 u+007 u u+006 u+007 u u+0065 u+0075 u+58f 98 u+0066 u u+0067 u u u u+006a 0 u+006b u u u u+007a u+5c u+5c u+006c u+006d u+50 u u+006e u u+006f u+50c u+5 u+7 u+596 u+58 u+598 Business mode differs from later PET machines: A-Z and a-z appear swapped (thus, SHIFT+a = lower case a).
14 Commodore 6 screen display codes POKE character sets & Character codes in screen memory Character images from C6.
15 Thick vs. narrow characters C6 vs. PET 80 POKE character sets & Commodore 6 and later used thick characters. PET and VIC0 used narrow characters. Characters marked with red became duplicates when the characters were made thicker for C6.
16 Commodore PETSCII control characters (monitor and keyboard) 6 Control characters C0/C BELL BEL (07) Produce bell tone. ESC ESC (B) Escape. LOCK Output following characters in flashing mode. Terminate flashing mode. Disable SHIFT + C= keypress. User cannot change character set. LOWER SO (0E) Switch character set to lower case (text/business mode). Output following characters in reverse field mode. Terminate reverse field mode. TAB SET/ HTS (88) Set horizontal tab position. Clear position if it exists already. UL UL UNLOCK Output following characters in underlined mode. Terminate underlined mode. Enable SHIFT + C= to change character set. UPPER SI (0F) Switch character set to upper case (graphics mode). Cursor and editing controls Clear screen and move cursor to home position (top left). Similar to Ctrl+L on some systems. Closest ASCII equivalent is FF (0C). IND (8) Move cursor to next line, keeping the same column. Move cursor one position to left. Move cursor one position to right. RI (8D) Move cursor to previous line, keeping the same column. BS (08) Delete character on the left. Move cursor to home position (top left) of the display. Insert a space at current position. LINE FEED LF (0A) Move cursor to next row, keeping the same column. Carriage return and line feed. This is the newline character. Closest ASCII equivalent is CR+LF. *) SHIFT+ Carriage return and line feed. Do not execute current line. *) TAB HT (09) Move cursor horizontally to next tab position. PET specific control characters ERASE TO LEFT ERASE TO RIGHT INSERT LINE ABOVE KILL LINE SCROLL DOWN SCROLL UP SET WINDOW END SET WINDOW TOP Keyboard codes Erase all from start of line to current position. Don't move cursor. Erase all from current position to end of line. Don't move cursor. Insert empty line before current line. Move remaining lines down. Delete current line. Move remaining lines up. Scroll all lines down by one line. Scroll all lines up by one line. Set viewport bottom-right coordinate to current position. Set viewport top-left coordinate to current position. F..F8 Keycodes for function keys F to F8. HLP RUN Color codes BLU CYN PUR YEL BL GRN YEL GRN Keycode for HELP key (on F7 key on keyboard). Keycode for RUN key (SHIFT+RUN/). Pressing RUN causes the loading and running of a program. Keycode for SHIFT+. The character is visually similar to a regular space. (Not really a non-breaking space without word wrapping functionality.) Keycode for key. Pressing ends the current program. Similar to Ctrl+C on other systems. Dark blue Dark cyan Dark purple Dark yellow Blue green Yellow green GRY Dark gray (gray ) MED GRY Medium gray (gray ) LGT GRY Light gray (gray ) Other colors appear by their name. C0/C: Respective standard control code in ASCII/Unicode. *) Pressing executes current line, SHIFT+ discards it. Both move cursor to start of next line. Line ending convention is alone, no LF. Printer control characters differ from these codes.
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