Solar Frontier CIS modules

Transcription

1 Solar Frontier CIS modules

2 AGENDA Company Presentation CIS Technology Product Information Reference Cases 2

3 Company Presentation 3

4 Mission The Company Mission: To create the most economical, ecological solar energy solutions on Earth 4

5 About Solar Frontier 100% subsidiary of Showa Shell Sekiyu, with 110+ years experience in energy 30+ years experience in solar employees Offices in Tokyo, Munich, Santa Clara and Al Khobar Module production capacity of > MW / year 5

6 Solar Frontier Global Footprint Munich, Germany Santa Clara, USA Tokyo, Japan Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia 6

7 Japan Business Locations Sales Offices OSAKA NAGOYA TOKYO Head office (Daiba) Miyazaki No.2 Plant FUKUOKA Kunitomi Plant MIYAZAKI Miyazaki No.1 Plant ATSUGI Atsugi Research Center (ARC) 7

8 Group Structure Saudi Aramco Royal Dutch Shell Other Investors 15% 35% 50% Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K. 100% Subsidiary Showa Shell Sekiyu Downstream oil oil refining & & marketing company Basic Data FY (USD) (US$) * Tokyo Tokyo Stock Stock Exchange Exchange Class Class 1 1 Turnover $27 $28 billion B Total Assets $12 $41 billion B 100% 100% Solar Frontier Europe GmbH Solar Frontier Americas Inc. *FOREX USD-JPY exchange rate - December

9 History Oil crisis sparks joint solar project with Japanese government Technical partnership with Arco Solar Launched Showa Arco Solar JV with Arco Solar Showa Arco Solar renamed Showa Solar Energy Shell Solar acquired Siemens Solar Commitment to CIS production Commercial production in Miyazaki Plant 1 New Global Name Solar Frontier 1974 R&D crystalline-si amorphous-si CIS Showa Shell starts PV R&D Started c-si production Co-founded JPEA Start CIS research funded by NEDO Showa Shell Solar established Shell Solar Japan established Production at 2 nd plant begins; Atsugi R&D Center opens Launching world s largest PV plant 1GW Scale 9

10 R & D and Production R&D Production Atsugi Research Centre Next Gen production technology via three key processes: enlarged substrate size, higher throughput, higher efficiency Laboratory Key technology development achieved world record of 17.8% (march 2012) Miyazaki Plant 1 Bldg = 6,300 m 2 Capex = USD 50 M JPY 5 bn Miyazaki Plant 2 Bldg: 27,000 m 2 Capex : USD 150 M JPY 15 bn Miyazaki Plant 3 bldg: 158,000 m 2 Capex : USD 1 bn JPY 100 bn 20 MW 60 MW MW Yearly production capacity: > 1 GW 10

11 CIS Technology 11

12 What is CIS? CIS is a thin-film compoundsemiconductor PV consisting of three major elements: Cu Copper In Indium Se Selenium Sometimes called CIGS since portions of In are replaced by Ga Cu In * Crystal structure of CIS (Chalcopyrite structure) * Partially Ga ** Partially S Se** 12

13 Structure of the CIS Modules Buffer layer using Zn(S,O) instead of CdS; responsible for Light Soaking Effekt Cover glass TCO electrode ( ) Buffer layer Light-Absorbing layer Mo electrode ( + ) Glass Backsheet Encapsulant CIS substrate Encapsulant Cover glass (3.2 mm) Sealing material CIS substrate Buffer layer: some nm Light absorbing layer: some μm back glass: 1.8 mm Frame Encapsulant Extremely low MVTR film 13

14 Solar Frontier CIS Module production: minimal use of PV-relevant materials Required raw materials for production of the same amount of crystalline Simodules: One truckload / 7.5 tons Required amount of raw materials for the daily output of Myasaki Module production plant (~2.5 MW): ca. 60 kg 14

15 Years Energy Payback Time Energy Payback Time (EPT): the time required for a module to generate the amount of energy spent in its production CIS modules have a faster EPT than conventional silicon 1,5 1 0,5 Crystalline Silicon Amorphous Silicon CIS Quelle: New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) The data presented in this document is the proprietary information of Solar Frontier K.K. and is intended for discussion purposes only. Solar Frontier does not intend to warranty any data beyond the performance specifications of CIS modules as indicated in their respective specification datasheets.. 15

16 Current Density (ma/cm 2 ) Record Efficiency of 30 x 30cm 2 Mini Module Performance Eff. (%) Voc (cell//v) Jsc (ma/cm 2 ) 37.0 F.F Aperture Area (cm 2 ) 819 March, Voltage (mv/cell) Efficiency of 17.8% achieved March 2012 at Atsugi Research Center The data presented in this document is the proprietary information of Solar Frontier K.K. and is intended for discussion purposes only. Solar Frontier does not intend to warranty any data beyond the performance specifications of CIS modules as indicated in their respective specification datasheets.. 16

17 Product Information 17

18 10 Reasons for Solar Frontier CIS Modules 1. High shading tolerance 2. Best behavior under low light and low angle irradiation 3. Temperature stability 4. Light Soaking Effect 5. No module grounding, no inverter restrictions 6. Resistance against Ammonia / Salt corrosion (TÜV-Cert.) 7. Free of lead and cadmium (RoHS compliant) 8. Mechanical stability - Framed Module 9. Superior appearance 10. Superior quality The PV Module best optimized for real life conditions The highest output even under toughest conditions! 18

19 Pm (%) Pm (W) High shading tolerance Under partially shaded conditions, the unique patterning of CIS modules keeps the drop of output to a minimum CIS c-si c-si CIS 0 Shadow Shadow Shade Area(%) There is a partial loss of output but the overall effect is minimum The module s output drops significantly under partial shadow 19

20 Best behavior under low angle irradiation Best energy yields are achieved with the PV system facing south and a tilt angle of 30% (values for Germany). Deviations from these orientation are resulting in less power harvest. Rooftop BIPV Flat roof Integration Façade vert.bipv shed roof sun protect. Graphics: Solarpraxis AG The Spectral Response (SR or QE) is governed by the ability of the photons to be absorbed in the Depletion Region of the detector. Source: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Valencia, Spain, 1 5 September

21 Best behavior under low angle irradiation Best energy yields are achieved with the PV system facing south and a tilt angle of 30% (values for Germany). Deviations from these orientation are resulting in less power harvest. 92 A CIS-house could have values like these (depending on location / climate / environment) Rooftop BIPV Flat roof Integration Façade vert.bipv shed roof sun protect. Graphics: Solarpraxis AG The Spectral Response (SR or QE) is governed by the ability of the photons to be absorbed in the Depletion Region of the detector. Source: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Valencia, Spain, 1 5 September

22 2. Normalized Efficiency Dependence on Irradiance: Low Light Behavior Module efficiency (%) PVSYST characteristics. based on actual data Example: SF 140 module typ. CdTe module typ. a-si module typ. c-si module PVSYST default data Irradiance (W/m 2 ) 22

23 Temperature stability Temperature-Coefficient SF-CIS Temperature Coefficient I SC 0.00 (A/ ) 0.01 (%/ ) V OC (V/ ) (%/ ) P max (W/ ) (%/ ) This means: Higher stability of energy production in case of high module temperatures Example: 70 o C module temp.: SF-CIS module: -13.9% c-si-module: -20.3% Temperature -Coefficient c-si (example) > 45% less reduction! Temperature Coefficient I SC (%/ ) V OC (%/ ) P max (%/ ) module temp. 25 o C 70 o C SF-CIS 100% 86.1% c-si 100% 79.7% 23

24 RoHS compliant environment-friendly What is the RoHS directive? Restriction of (the use of) hazardous substances This directive prohibits, effective July 1, 2006, electrical and electronic equipment put on the market in the European Union from containing specified chemical substances exceeding the specified value. Lead (Pb) 1,000ppm, Mercury (Hg) 1,000ppm, Cadmium (Cd) 100ppm, Sechswertiges Chrom, (Cr6) 1,000ppm, PolyBrominated Biphenyls (PBB) 1,000ppm, PolyBrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE) 1,000ppm Cd Although not yet required in the PV market, Solar Frontier is one of the very few PV module manufaturers compliant with RoHS. 24

25 Aesthetics of CIS Solar Frontier CIS modules have superior aesthetics to polysilicon panels and look better especially in residential applications 25

26 Superior appearance Example E-W orientation SF-CIS: Elegant integrated solution Surface-optimized Harmony of optics and technology c-si: Less esthetical, expensive tilted construction Suboptimal space utilization 26

27 Superior Quality Risk-minimizing technology Microcracks More critical for p-si than m-si Caused by weight on modules Snail tracks Material defects, can be caused or boosted by microcracks PID Potential-Induced Degradation NO RISK for Solar Frontier CIS modules, due to different technology! 27

28 Power [W] Well- balanced daily energy distribution Marathon vs. Sprinter module PV power production Power consumption Own PV Power consumption Optimisation of self sustainability: Higher percentage of directly used power Equalized energy production Energy storage optimisation (smaller batteries less system cost) Low Light / Low irradiation angle behaviour: Yield increase in morning and evening hours Temperature coefficient: Better yields in the afternoon Light Soaking Effect: Additional kwh throughout the day

29 What is the real value? Powerful modules? kwp? or best harvest? kwh/kwp & kwh/ha 29

30 Overview: USP and customer benefit Customer advantage Highest output even under toughest conditions Ecological Security Aesthetical design Reason / Product Characteristics Light Soaking Effekt Good low-light behaviour Shadow tolerance Low temperature coefficient Low distance between module rows in the case of free field pwer plants and on flat roofs. Free of lead and cadmium No use of cardboards Re-usable packaging and own return system Very low Energy Payback Time, EPT < 1 year Strong partners: Shell & Saudi Aramco Decades of experience in the energy / solar business Numerous large power plants as references Not only sales office, but European centre of operations with all relevant functions Homogeneous black appearance Good integration into house and environment Better integration due to low tilt angle Free field power plants and flat roofs need a smaller area due to the low distance required between the module rows. Relevant target groups ALL: - installers - house-owners - farmers - industry customers - EPCs - communities, etc. ALL, especially: - house-owners - installers ALL, especially: - farmers - installers ALL, especially: - house-owners - communities 30

31 Reference Cases 31

32 DC Performance Ratio (%) DC Output (kwh/kwp) Irradiation (kwh/m 2 ) Studies made by neutral reknown institutes: IWES Fraunhofer, Germany (CIS vs Mono-Si) FDE003_1203 Site Overview CIS DC Output (kwh/kwp) Mono- Si DC Output (kwh/kwp) CIS DC-PR (%) - Location: IWES Fraunhofer, Germany 110 CIS Technical Overview 90 Mono-Si Date onstream: Mar, System capacity: CIS: 145W x 2pcs, Mono-Si: 180W x 2pcs - Panel type: CIS: SF145 Mono-Si Unrestricted SFEMT _02 32

33 AC Output (kwh/kwp) Customer s comparison studies (example 1): BalticSolar, Germany (CIS vs Other Technologies) Site Overview Site Overview Baltic Solar Technical Overview Location: Futterkamp, Germany Coordinates: 54 o N, 10 o E Average Irradiance: kwh/m2/yr Average Temp.: 9.0 o C (48.2 o F) Site Overview FDE004_1206 Poly-Si (180W) Poly-Si (220W) Solar Frontier CIS (85W) Mono-Si (220W) Poly-Si (230W) Technical Overview Azimuth:130 o East Tilt Angle: 15 o Module System Capacity (kwp) AC Output (kwh/kwp) (Jan'11-May '12) Inverter Poly-Si (180W) SMC 6000TL Poly-Si (220W) SMC 6000TL Solar Frontier CIS (85W) SB 5000TL Mono-Si (220W) SPR 4600 Poly-Si (230W) SMC 6000TL Month-Year Solar Frontier CIS module confirmed to be performing better compared to other module technology! Unrestricted RAC _07_1 33

34 Power plants and microgrids Megawatt power plant, Germany, 1,840.0 kwp Power plant, Germany, kwp Megawatt power plant, Germany, 4,886.0 kwp Megawatt power plant, France, 4,190.0 kwp 34

35 Power plants and microgrids Megawatt power plant, Thailand, 3,300,0 kwp Megawatt power plant, Germany, 959 kwp Megawatt power plant, Germany, 3,102.0 kwp Megawatt power plant, Spain, 1,000.0 kwp 35

36 Rooftops Commercial rooftop, Germany, kwp Commercial rooftop, Germany, kwp Commercial rooftop, Italy, kwp Commercial rooftop, Germany, kwp 36

37 Rooftops Commercial rooftop, Germany, 1,724.0 kwp Commercial rooftop, Italy, kwp Commercial rooftop, Namibia, kwp Commercial rooftop, Germany, kwp 37

38 Thanks for your attention! Any questions remained? 38 38