Nutrient recycling in agriculture. Tarja Haaranen Natural Resources Institute Finland HELCOM AGRI

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1 Nutrient recycling in agriculture Tarja Haaranen Natural Resources Institute Finland HELCOM AGRI Sivu

2 Every year the overshoot day comes earlier Overshoot Day is the date when humanity has exhausted nature s budget for the year. For the rest of the year we will be operating in overshoot. Globally we need one and half planets to provide the resources we use and absorb our waste. Sivu

3 Circular economy Waste becomes a resource. Products are planned to be reused and recycled. Nonrenewable natural resources are replaced by renewable. Energy is produced by renewable energy sources. Products are replaced by services. People and industry are sharing items and services instead of ownership. Nutrient recycling is an important part of circular economy. Sivu

4 Why nutrient recycling? At some time in the future there will be a point when the supply of phosphate rock starts to diminish. The use for feed and fertilizer purposes already consumes around 90% of the total mined resources. There has been considerable price volatility in recent years - in 2008 the price of phosphate rock rose by 700% in a little over a year, leading to higher fertilizer prices. Sivu

5 Why nutrient recycling? The production of nitrogen fertilisers is a highly energyintensive process that creates a lot of greenhouse gases. Nutrient recycling protects the waters and soil. Nutrient recycling may create new business. There is a market for technologies that promote nutrient recycling. Nutrient recycling secures the conditions for food production with nutrients that are safe and of high quality. Sivu

6 Nutrient recycling in agriculture The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has financed a two-year project Nutrient Recycling in Agriculture to be carried out by LUKE. The aim of the project is to secure that the nutrients in manure and other organic matter are in effective use by 2020.

7 Main goals of the project 1. To secure that in the implementation of the Rural Development Programme the objectives of nutrient recycling are implemented in close cooperation among different actors and with due account for the special regional characteristics. 2. To identify the bottlenecks in nutrient recycling and contribute to removing these. 3. To monitor the different nutrient recycling processes of different actors and enhance the coherence of different policies.

8 Objectives of the project To bring different actors together and motivate them to cooperate in nutrient recycling issues. To disseminate information about research results, practical pilots, technical solutions and market experiments to different actors and get feedback for the administration. To communicate about the opportunities offered by the Rural Development Programme for promoting nutrient recycling. To communicate on the importance of nutrient recycling in improving the competitiveness of agriculture and for better water protection in agriculture. Sivu

9 Rural Development Programme Agri-environmental programme Investments Advisory system 6,5 mill. euros earmarked to projects that enhance nutrient recycling. Kuva Tarja Haaranen Sivu

10 Nutrient recycling is not only about manure Good management of agricultural land is essential for efficient utilization and recycling of nutrients and for producing good yields. Declining trend of carbon in Finnish cropland soils Sivu

11 Animal feeding Manure volumes and amount of nutrients in manure as well as ammonium and methane emissions can be influenced by feeding. By replacing imported soya by domestic protein feed would help in closing the the nutrient circle. Sivu

12 Manure is a valuable fertilizer In Finland 20 mill. tn of manure is produced annually containing 17.5 mill. kg P. In theory, manure produced in animal farms would be sufficient to cover plant phosphorus needs at national level. Ylivainio Kari & al Regional P stocks in soil and in animal manure as compared to P requirement of plants in Finland. MTT:n reports Sivu

13 Cooperation between animal and crop farms Economical and environmental benefits by cooperation between the farms in producing feed and using manure as a fertilizer. Cooperation in machinery and development of contracting. Development of knowledge in manure utilization at crop Sivu 13farms Kuva Tarja Haaranen

14 Manure Processing Manure processing to facilitate more profitable transportation of manure to regions in need of nutrients. One method doesn t fit for all -> technology options are needed. Separation, composting, granulation, biogas, pyrolysis Sivu

15 Managing the big picture Processing of manure does not guarantee more efficient recycling of nutrients, but also markets and division of work and logistics are needed for further spreading of manure to. Farms and companies aiming at profitable integrated local cooperation based on recycling of nutrients and renewable energy. The concept of nutrient and energy self sufficient farm. Sivu

16 Manufacturing of fertilizers Recycled nutrients are produced to fertilizers which are profitable, safe and easy to use. Kuva: Tarja Haaranen Sivu

17 Sewage sludge Use of sewage sludge in agriculture A lot of research on harmful substances but all environmental impacts not known. New processing technologies Sivu

18 HELCOM work in nutrient recycling? Collecting information on aims and policies in nutrient recycling? Possible workshop in 2016? Sivu

19 Thank you! Sivu Photo Tarja Haaranen