Hungarian experiences with the EU ETS

Transcription

1 Hungarian experiences with the EU ETS Dóra Fazekas Mariann Csikesz Understanding the Pilot Phase of EU ETS in EU 12 Member States APREC workshop - June , Prague

2 Agenda Hungary History and development Legal and regulatory environment Allocation of allowances and effects Auctioning Development of the EUA market Emissions and abatement Impacts on power generation and other sectors Impacts on innovation Hungarian JI projects Registry

3 Hungary 13 June UNFCCC, ratified by the law LXXXII in August ratified the Kyoto Protocol 1 May joined the European Union 16 February Kyoto Protocol 30 December Kyoto eligibility Annex I country

4 History and development Reduction target: 6% compared to average Very low per capita emissions level

5 History and development 2 CO 2 emissions are relatively small compared to its size Electricity generation and distribution privatized started in 2004 State owned national electricity grid <MAVIR> Raising awareness of climate change issues

6 Hungarian operators in the EU ETS

7 Legal and Regulatory Environment Lack of Human Resources Delays Prudent allocation CCGT vs. Co-generation GIS

8 Allocation of allowances and effects Hungarian NAP I - November 25, 2006 Total cap: m t for NER: 1.89 m t (2% of the cap) Auction reserve: 2.37 m t (2.5% of the cap) Gov.decree - March 27, 2006 (vs. January 2005) Top-down macroeconomic analysis Primary allocation method

9 Allocation of allowances and effects 2 Proposed amount - 3.8% more than emissions in 2002 Accepted in December 2004 without any reductions Complex process: Ministry of Environment Ministry of Economy lobby groups NAP withdrawn, a new version resubmitted

10 Allocation of allowances and effects 3 Free-riding technique Early action reserve New entrants reserve Data collection

11 Registry Stand-alone registry Operated by the National Inspectorate for Environment, Nature and Water Software: licensed from DEFRA Registry: Administrative costs of the Register Administrative service provision fees Account management fee Registration fee

12 Auctioning 2.5% for auctioning Hungary sold 2.4 million EUAs at two auctions

13 Auctioning 2 euets.com CO 2 trading platform Uniform-price auction

14 Development of the EUA market?

15 Emissions and abatement 250 installations emission increased at 96, decreased at 134 Significant net long positions (14%) 12 M t/3 years

16 Impacts on power generation and other sectors Power generation Neutral due to over-allocation Effects differ for coal-/gas-/lignite-/biomass fired power plants BAT references (cogeneration) Iron and steel Emissions due to technology Only abatement possibility is to reduce production Leakage production to Ukraine

17 Impacts on innovation Oil refinery 25 /t carbon price on every project (40 /t from 2012) Built in each business unit s performance assessment EBITDA corrected with CO 2 emissions indicators Power plant Fuel-switch from coal to biomass After feed-in tariff cancelled switched back to coal

18 Recent JI statistics in Hungary 58 Project Idea Notes 31 Letters of Endorsement / Letters of no Objection 15 Letters of Approval issued (plus one suspended) AES, Bakonyi, Pannon Power, Exim-Invest, Pálhalma, Nitrogénművek By ERUPT (the Netherlands), Mitsubishi C. (Japan), PCF (World Bank), Austrian Government, ELSAM Kraft A/S (Denmark), CDC Ixis (France) and others

19 Number of projects Project partner (country) Projects endorsed Projects approved ERUPT (The Netherlands) 10 5 Austrian Government 10 5 PCF (World Bank) 1 1 Other 10 4 Total: 31 15

20 Experiences with JI projects

21 Types of JI project endorsed Landfill gas utilization in deposits to be closed before 2009 Wind projects with energy storage Biomass + sink together (no projects to date) Geothermal and solar power (no projects to date) Methane capture in agriculture Demand-side energy saving projects (no projects to date) Off-grid solar power and wind power (no projects to date) Sink projects forestation (no projects to date) So far, most projects have been renewables

22 Thank you for your attention! Q & A Contact details Dóra Fazekas Mobile (Hu): Mobile (US): fazekasdora@gmail.com Mariann Csikesz Phone: Mobile: mariann.csikesz@vertisfinance.com

23 Supplementary slides Hungarian NAP I Administrative service provision fees Account management fee JI projects in Hungary Installations interviewed

24 Emissions allowances to be allocated to existing installations free of charge Quantity of emissions allowances (CO 2 tonnes/year) I/a-I/b. Electricity generation* 16,927,857 I/b. District heating 2,267,091 I/c. Combustion for internal purposes (except for sugar industry) 2,100,160 I/d. Sugar industry 431,479 II. Mineral oil processing 1,383,170 III. Coking 264,233 IV-V. Roasting and concentration of metal ores; iron and steel production* 2,643,354 VI/a. Cement production 2,390,321 VI/b. Lime production 464,575 VII. Glass production 295,420 VIII. The production of roof tiles, bricks, fire-resistant bricks, wall tiles, stone products and china 865,447 IX-X. The production of cellulose, paper and cardboard 203, Total for existing installations 30,236, New entrants reserve 633,218 TOTAL FREE OF CHARGE (1+2) 30,869, Quantity to be allocated for compensation 791,523 TOTAL FOR SECTORS (1+2+3) 31,660,907 * Including the quantity to be transferred by the sector later under point 15 of the Allocation Plan.

25 Hungarian NAP I

26 Administrative service provision fees Serial No. Name of activities subject to administrative service provision fees relating to greenhouse gas emissions The amount of administrative service provision fees (HUF) sectio n sub-section 1. Emission permit for activities resulting in the emission of greenhouse gases [Section 3 of Government Decree 272/2004. (IX. 29.)] 1.1. annual emissions <50 kt of CO 2 50, kt < total annual emissions <500 kt 75, total annual emissions >500 kt 100, when authorisations in points 1.1., 1.2. and 1.3. are amended 2. Entry into the register of auditors, auditor experts, and the European Community Register of Auditors and the termination of the suspension [Government Decree 183/2005. (IX. 13.)] 30% of the amount in points 1.1., 1.2. and ,000 Source: Section I of the Annex to Decree 32/2005 KvVM of the Minister of Environmental Issues and Water of the Minister of Environmental Protection and Water Issues

27 Account management fee Serial No. Accounts relating to the emissions allowance Transaction Log Amount of the account fee section subsection 1 Operator s account emission allowance quantity/year HUF/year ,000 20, , ,000 61, ,001-1,000, , ,000,001-3,000, , from 3,000,001 emissions 610, Personal account 35,000 Source: Point I. of Annex 2 to Government Decree 143/2005. Korm.

28 JI projects in Hungary Borsod Power Plant Bakonyi Power Plant PANNONPOWER Co. Exim-Invest Biogas Ltd. Pálhalmai Agrospeciál Ltd. coal-to-biomass conversion biomass conversion methane utilization from landfill methane utilization from abandoned landfill methane, biogas utilization Nitrogénművek Co. nitrous oxide (N 2 O) reduction project

29 Installations interviewed give more than half of Hungarian allocation Sector Allowances Percentage of allowances Cumulative percentage Mátrai Erőmű Rt. Visontai Erőmű 1-Combustion % 22.54% Dunamenti Erőmű Rt. 1-Combustion % 31.31% Dunaferr Nagyolvasztó és Konverteres Acélgyártómű 5-Iron and steel % 37.69% Vértesi Erőmű Rt. Oroszlányi Erőmű 1-Combustion % 43.42% AES Tisza Erőmű Kft. 1-Combustion % 48.19% MOL Rt. Dunai Finomító 2-Refineries % 52.77% Csepel II. KCGT Erőmű 1-Combustion % 55.46%