Build a Self-Propelled Rocket Build a Gravity Well Gravity Design Challenge
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- Malcolm Wood
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1 Last step in the training course! We want to clearly outline some specifics about the challenge, so that every mentor will be fully informed about the structure of the challenge and equipped to properly guide students in their submissions. Once you have read through this document, leave a short message on the training course to confirm that you have read through and understand this document. First, all of the things we noted earlier about convergent vs. divergent questioning and fixed vs. growth mindset are embedded into the rubric. So by following those tips when giving feedback, you will be eliciting the sort of answers that will lead students to score well on the rubric. The feedback you give to the Gravity Design Challenge entries really shouldn t be that different from the feedback you d give to any other activity. There are three activities related to the Gravity Design Challenge. The first two activities, Build a Self-Propelled Rocket and Build a Gravity Well, are chances for students to practice the different components of the main challenge. Answers to these activities are not considered as part of the main challenge submission. Only answers to the Gravity Design Challenge activity are entered into the contest. Any submissions to that activity during the dates of the challenge automatically enters a student into the challenge. These three activities are listed in full in this document. There will be two categories of prizes available to mentors. First, the mentor that mentored the three (3) winning students on their Gravity Design Challenge activity will win 1 ticket to the premiere on Oct. 1st in New York. Thus, three (3) mentors will win this prize. Second, the five (5) mentors who have evaluated the most student projects will also win a prize, most likely a movie promo package, Iridescent swag and tickets to see the movie in your local theater. Student entries to any of the three activities related to this challenge count toward this total.
2 Build a Self-Powered Rocket Design Challenge: Build a self-powered alka seltzer rocket to propel an object up into the air at a target. Collect: film canister water alka seltzer tablet marble Instructions: 1. Do this outdoors. 2. Place some water in a film canister. 3. Break ½ alka seltzer tablet into pieces and place it in the canister 4. Snap the lid closed. 5. Place the canister on the ground. You have about 15 seconds to do this so practice beforehand. Step at least 10 feet away from the rocket to watch the launch! 6. Now repeat your launch, put place a marble on top of the canister after you snap it shut. You have about 15 seconds to do this so don t waste time! CAREFUL: the marble will shoot upwards at great velocity, step away from the canister as soon as the marble is in place, and NEVER put your face over the rocket. Questions: 1) SHOW US YOUR FIRST DESIGN, WITH A PICTURE OR VIDEO OF THE ROCKET IN ACTION. 2) HOW MIGHT YOU AFFECT THE STRENGTH OF THE ROCKET LAUNCH? 3) WHAT OTHER FUEL CAN YOU USE FOR YOU ROCKET? MAKE A SECOND ROCKET USING A DIFFERENT FUEL. 4) TRY TO HIT A TARGET CONSISTENTLY WITH YOUR MARBLE. HOW CAN YOU HELP AIM YOUR ROCKET?
3 Build a gravity well Design Challenge: Build a gravity well to simulate a satellite s orbit around earth using household materials. Collect: strong round object like a hula hoop or bucket stretchy material binder clips or clothespins marble Instructions: Do this with two people: Stretch the stretch fabric around the hula hoop and secure with clothespins or binderclips, avoiding any wrinkles. Place a heavy object like a bocce ball in the center of the hoop. Hold the hoop level, and try to spin a marble around the well for as long as possible. Additional Info: Your marble needs to have a certain start velocity to stay in orbit. Too slow and it will fall into earth -- too fast and it will escape the gravity well. Questions: 1) SHOW US YOUR FIRST DESIGN, AND HOW MANY ORBITS YOU WERE ABLE TO ACHIEVE. 2) HOW MIGHT YOU IMPROVE YOUR DESIGN TO CREATE BETTER ORBITS? MAKE MODIFICATIONS TO YOUR DESIGN TO IMPROVE THE ORBITS, AND SHOW US WHAT YOU DID. 3) HOW MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF ORBITS CAN YOU CREATE? WHAT DO YOU NEED TO ADJUST TO CHANGE THE ORBITS? 4) WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU ADD A SECOND BALL IN THE GRAVITY WELL? SHOW US WITH A VIDEO AND TELL US WHAT YOU THINK IS HAPPENING.
4 Gravity Design Challenge Design Challenge: Build at least three components for a Rube Goldberg space mission: a launch mechanism, and orbit transfer mechanism, and a gravity well that simulates the orbit. Collect: self-powered rocket (link) gravity well (link) cardboard tape marbles any other items around your house that you can make part of the rube goldberg machine Activity: A. Launch Mechanism 1. Design a self-powered rocket. There are many ways to do this, one is to use a chemical reaction to built up pressure in a film canister, like in this activity. But any mechanism which causes a device to shoot in the air (as opposed to you throwing it in the air) will do. 2. Figure out where you want your rocket to go, and design a launch platform that directs your rocket in that direction. Cardboard and tape works well here. B. Orbit Transfer Mechanism 1. Find or build a funnel to catch your rocket or transfer the momentum of your rocket to another object. 2. Find a way to secure your funnel off the ground. 3. Make a track that connects the funnel to the gravity well. TIP: If you can, try to attach a marble to your rocket in such a way that it will detach from the rocket and go down the track into the gravity well. If that s too challenging, you can simply have your rocket knock a marble down a track into the gravity well. C. Gravity Well 1. Create a gravity well, or a stretchy fabric that has some kind of weight in the middle. Check out this activity for more details. 2. Angle the track from the funnel onto some part of the gravity well, so that when a marble goes through the funnel, it will roll around the gravity well with your desired orbit. Play around with the direction and height of the track to get the orbit you want. Explore: What is a Rube Goldberg Machine? A Rube Goldberg machine is an overly complicated machine used to do a really simple task, like turning on a light switch or filling a glass of
5 water. A good Rube Goldberg machines is as complex and convoluted as possible. Here are some sample Rube Goldberg Machines to use as inspiration: Through your Rube Goldberg machine, you will simulate three parts of a space mission: launching your space vehicle, dropping your payload into space, and entering into orbit around a planet. Space vehicles are usually made up of a launch vehicle (the rocket) and the payload (a communications satellite, space telescope, orbiter, etc.). Your launch vehicle can be made of things like gravity-fed water rockets, slingshots, balloon power, etc. but must include an element of self-powered free-flight. For example, you may not simple throw your vehicle into the air. Although this Rube Goldberg machine doesn t exactly simulate a space mission (we aren t sending our rocket into outer space!) it does deal with several of the issues that astronauts face, like how to generate enough force to get a spaceship far off the ground, or what angle to approach a planet to enter into orbit. But there are many other factors to take into account in a space mission! We encourage you to design new components to the mission and to make your machine as complex as possible. Bonus points for adding components that are space-mission-themed. Questions: 1) SHOW US YOUR FIRST DESIGN AND DESCRIBE HOW IT WORKS. HOW DID YOU DESIGN YOUR ORBIT TRANSFER MECHANISM TO CONNECT THE ROCKET TO THE GRAVITY WELL? 2) LET S FOCUS ON THE ORBITS. HOW MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF ORBITS CAN YOU CREATE? WHAT DO YOU NEED TO ADJUST TO CHANGE THE ORBITS? 3) SHOW US YOUR FINAL DESIGN. WHAT PARTS DID YOU REDESIGN TO MAKE YOUR FINAL DESIGN? HOW AND WHY DID YOU CHANGE THEM? 4) CAN YOU THINK OF AN ADDITIONAL SPACE MISSION THEMED COMPONENT THAT YOU CAN ADD TO YOUR DESIGN? ADD THIS COMPONENT, SHOW US HOW IT WORKS, AND TELL US WHY YOU CHOSE IT.
6 The Judging Rubric There is an initial judging round by the Iridescent staff, which will eliminate entries to the top 20 finalists according to the following criteria: Elimination Rubric 1. # of questions answered 2. Clearly illustrated design with pictures and videos, and well formed text answers (grammar, complete sentences) 3. # of questions in which there was a response to mentor feedback 4. # of stages completed The 20 finalists will be evaluated by a panel of at least three expert judges, according to the following rubric. The parenthesis indicate which question s answers will be used to evaluate each item: Final Rubric 1. Persistence: Did the student undergo multiple attempts with their design? Did their design show significant variation from their initial to final design? (Q1, Q3) 2. Completeness: Were all of the required stages built satisfactorily? How many different kinds of orbits were they able to generate (circular, elliptical, hyperbolic, small and large radius)? (Q1, Q2) 3. Courage: Can they explain what they learned from their failures? Do they understand why variations of their designs worked or didn t work? (Q3) 4. Creativity: How much did the student go beyond the materials and instructions given in creating their design? Did they add more than the 3 required stages, and was any additional stage space-themed? (Q4) 5. Mentorship: How well did the student respond to the mentor s feedback? Please keep this rubric in mind when giving feedback, as the feedback you give to students can help guide them towards achieving these items. You role in mentoring students plays directly into their chances of winning the challenge (which translates to you also winning the challenge).
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