Chapter 16 Review Page 1

Transcription

1 hapter 16 Review Page 1 1 This is an image of a phage. protist. moneran. bacterium. red blood cell. 2 Who demonstrated that N is the genetic material of the T2 phage? Franklin Watson and rick Meselson and Stahl Hershey and hase arwin and Wallace 3 The radioactive isotope 32P labels the T2 phage's tail. N. head. base plate. protein coat. 4 Hershey and hase used to radioactively label the T2 phage's proteins S 32P 92U 222Ra 5 fter allowing phages grown with bacteria in a medium that contained 32P and 35S, Hershey and hase used a centrifuge to separate the phage ghosts from the infected cell. They then examined the infected cells and found that they contained, which demonstrated that is the phage's genetic material. labeled N... N labeled N... protein labeled protein... N labeled protein... protein labeled N... labeled protein

2 hapter 16 Review Page 2 6 In the accompanying image, a nucleotide is indicated by the letter. 7 Which of these is a difference between a N and an RN molecule? N contains uracil, whereas RN contains thymine. N is double-stranded, whereas RN is single-stranded. N contains nitrogenous bases, whereas RN contains phosphate groups. N contains five-carbon sugars, whereas RN contains six-carbon sugars. N is a polymer composed of nucleotides, whereas RN is a polymer composed of nucleic acids. 8 This is an image of a(n) thiol. nucleotide. amino acid. nucleic acid. none of the above

3 hapter 16 Review Page 3 9 The letter "" indicates a sugar. nucleotide. phosphate group. nitrogenous base. none of the above 10 nitrogenous base is indicated by the letter. 11 You can tell that this is an image of a N nucleotide and not an RN nucleotide because you see a phosphate group, not a uracil. sugar with two, and not three, oxygen atoms. uracil nitrogenous base, not a thymine nitrogenous base. thymine nitrogenous base, not a uracil nitrogenous base. double-stranded molecule, not a single-stranded molecule.

4 hapter 16 Review Page 4 12 Which of these nitrogenous bases is found in RN but not in N? uracil guanine adenine cytosine thymine 13 Which of these is(are) pyrimidines? and,, and and,, and,, and 14 In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's carbon. 1'... 2' 1'... 5' 2'... 3' 1'... 3' 2'... 1' 15 Nucleic acids are assembled in the direction. 1' to 5' 2' to 3' 5' to 3' 4' to 5' 5' to 1' 16 In a N double helix an adenine of one strand always pairs with a(n) of the complementary strand, and a guanine of one strand always pairs with a(n) of the complementary strand. cytosine... uracil uracil... cytosine guanine... adenine cytosine... thymine thymine... cytosine

5 hapter 16 Review Page 5 17 Short segments of newly synthesized N are joined into a continuous strand by ligase. primase. helicase. N polymerase. single-strand binding protein 18 fter N replication is completed, there are four double helices. each new N double helix consists of two new strands. each new N double helix consists of one old N strand and one new N strand. each of the four N strands consists of some old strand parts and some new strand parts. one N double helix consists of two old strands and one N double helix consists of two new strands. 19 The first step in the replication of N is catalyzed by ligase. primase. helicase. N polymerase. single-strand binding protein. 20 The action of helicase creates primers and N fragments. primers and replication bubbles. N fragments and replication forks. N fragments and replication bubbles. replication forks and replication bubbles. 21 Why is the new N strand complementary to the 3' to 5' strands assembled in short segments? the replication forks block the formation of longer strands it is more efficient than assembling complete new strands only short N sequences can extend off the RN primers N polymerase can assemble N only in the 3' to 5' direction N polymerase can assemble N only in the 5' to 3' direction

6 hapter 16 Review Page 6 22 The synthesis of a new strand begins with the synthesis of a(n) poly() tail. Okazaki fragment. short pieces of N. single-strand binding protein. RN primer complementary to a preexisting N strand. 23 Which of these is responsible for catalyzing the formation of an RN primer? 24 n old N strand is used as a for the assembly of a new N strand. model primer template complement source of nucleotides

7 hapter 16 Review Page 7 nswer Key : hapter 16 Review Question: nswer