Report on the and the technical

Transcription

1 UNITED NATIONS UNEP P/CHW.13/INF/35 Distr.: General 13 February 2017 English only BC Conference of the Parties to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal Thirteenth meeting Geneva, 24 April 5 May 2017 Item 4 (d) (i) of the provisional agenda Matters related to the implementation of the Convention: technical assistance: capacity-buil lding Report on the technical assistance needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition for the implementation of the Basel Convention and the technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others Note by the Secretariat As referred to in the note by the Secretariat on technical assistance and capacity-building for the implementation of the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm conventions (UNEP/CHW. 13/17- UNEP/ /FAO/RC/COP.8/17-UNEP/POPS/COP. 8/17), the annex to the present note sets out a report on the technical assistance needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition for the implementation of the Basel Conventionn and the technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others. The present note, ncluding its annex, has not been formally edited. UNEP/CHW.13/

2 Annex Report on the technical assistance needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition for the implementation of the Basel Convention and the technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others I. Introduction 1. This assessment of the technical assistance needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition and the technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others has been developed as a follow-up to decision BC-12/9 adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Basel Convention. 2. The results of this assessment have been taken into account by the Secretariat in the development of the technical assistance plan for the implementation of the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm conventions for , in order to better respond to the needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition, also taking into account the technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others. II. Methodology 3. In order to facilitate the submission of information, two online questionnaires were developed and Parties were invited to complete them through their focal points. 4. The questionnaire on technical assistance needs was made available in three languages (English, French and Spanish) to relevant Parties from 10 May to June A total of 45 (32%) developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition provided responses to the online questionnaire. Table 1 below provides an overview of the Parties that responded to the questionnaire on technical assistance needs. 5. The questionnaire on technical assistance available was provided in English to applicable Parties and others from 20 June to 20 July The questionnaire focused on priority areas for assistance identified by developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition in A total of 5 Parties provided responses to the online questionnaire. Table 2 below provides an overview of the Parties that responded to that questionnaire. 6. Other sources of information on Parties technical assistance needs were also considered in this assessment: individual requests from Parties recorded in the database on technical assistance needs, needs identified during online and face-to-face training activities, meetings and projects, the conclusions and recommendations emanating from the effectiveness evaluation of the Stockholm Convention 2 and the review of the synergies arrangements for the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm conventions 3. The Secretariat further developed and updated a database to centralize the collection of information related to the needs of Parties in connection with implementation of the conventions, upon request. The database allows for analysis of data on a regional and a thematic basis. The needs are clustered into different areas such as technical issues, legal frameworks, coordination and cooperation and information exchange. The database also allows for a comparison of identified needs with those technical assistance activities that have already been provided to each Party, for the monitoring of progress and for an analysis of the impact of the technical assistance programme. 1 UNEP/CHW.13/INF/36-UNEP/FAO/RC/COP.8/INF/26-UNEP/POPS/COP.8/INF/25. 2 UNEP/POPS/COP.8/22/Add.1, annex. 3 UNEP/CHW.13/INF/43-UNEP/FAO/RC/COP.8/INF/29-UNEP/POPS/COP.8/INF/46. 2

3 Table 1: Respondent Parties to the questionnaire on technical assistance needs UNEP/CHW.13/INF/35 Region Number of Respondent Parties respondent Parties per region Africa 16 Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Central African Republic, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Madagascar, Malawi, Morocco, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe and Tunisia Asia and Pacific 9 Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) Latin America and Caribbean (GRULAC) Western Europe and other groups (WEOG) 6 Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Nepal and Yemen Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Montenegro and Republic of Moldova 14 Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay and Saint Lucia 0 Table 2: Respondent Parties to the questionnaire on technical assistance available Region Number of respondent Parties per region Africa 0 Asia and Pacific 0 CEE 0 GRULAC 0 WEOG 5 Respondent Parties Canada, the European Union, Norway, Portugal and Slovakia III. Compilation of responses received for the questionnaires on technical assistance needs and technical assistance available 7. The results of the questionnaire on technical assistance needs, as set out in section IV below, provide an overview of priority areas for developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition. The results of the questionnaire on technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others, as set out in part II below, allow for the identification of technical assistance that is currently available from developed country Parties and others. The results are organized following the structure of the online questionnaires. IV. Technical assistance needs of developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition to implement the Basel Convention A. Technical assistance 1. Priority areas of technical assistance 8. Table 3 provides a summary of the responses regarding priority areas identified for technical assistance on a global scale, as well as with a regional focus. 9. The highest priority identified by respondents was the environmentally sound management (ESM) of hazardous (73.3%), followed by the disposal of hazardous (60%), national coordination (44%), and legal and institutional frameworks (37.8%). 10. At the regional level, the highest priority for all regions was ESM of hazardous and other, followed by disposal of hazardous. Regional specificities included greater demand for assistance related to national coordination in African and GRULAC States, while Asian and Pacific States requested more assistance with national reporting and CEE States with the control procedure for the transboundary 3

4 movements, as well as waste minimization. African States also highlighted needs in the area of legal and institutional frameworks. Table 3 - Priority areas for implementing the Basel Convention for all four regions and by region (percentage of responding Parties); Most cited priority has been highlighted All four regions Africa Asia and Pacific CEE GRULAC Environmentally sound management of hazardous and other 73.3% 68.8% 66.7% 100% 71.4% Disposal of hazardous 60.0% 62.5% 55.6% 50.0% 64.3% National coordination (including national strategy for the management of hazardous ) 44.4% 56.3% 22.2% 33.3% 50.0% Legal and institutional frameworks 37.8% 50% 44.4% 16.7% 28.6% Control procedure for the transboundary movements of hazardous and other 37.8% 31.3% 44.4% 50.0% 35.7% National report 33.3% 31.3% 55.6% 16.7% 28.6% Illegal traffic 28.9% 31.3% 33.3% 0% 35.7% Waste minimization 26.7% 25% 22.2% 50% 21.4% Accidents, liability and compensation 22.2% 12.5% 22.2% 16.7% 35.7% Regional cooperation among competent 20.0% 12.5% 22.2% 33.3% 21.4% authorities or focal points Ban Amendment 8.9% 12.5% 11.1% 0.0% 7.1% Total respondents per region Delivery approach 11. Table 4 below presents the types of technical assistance activities preferred by respondents. 12. Highest preferences identified were: face-to-face trainings (workshops or train-the-trainers ) (100%) and supporting project proposal development (84.4%). These preferences remained the most preferred approaches for delivery of technical assistance across the regions. Table 4 - Types of technical assistance activities preferred for all regions, and by region (percentage of respondents); Most cited preference has been highlighted All regions Africa Asia and Pacific Central and Eastern Europe Latin America and Caribbean Face-to-face trainings (workshops or % train-the-trainers ) % 100% 100% 100% Support for project proposal development 84.4% 87.5% 100% 83.3% 71.4% Implementation of specific projects 77.8% 87.5% 88.9% 50% 71.4% Documentation (tools and guidance) 66.7% 81.3% 44.4% 66.7% 64.3% E-learning tools (such as online course 24.4% 18.8% 22.2% 16.7% 35.7% without trainer support, or toolkit) Online training/webinars (i.e. where trainer support is available) 22.2% 0% 33.3% 0% 50% Videos 8.9% 18.8% 11.1% 0% 0% Total respondents per region B. Cross-cutting issues 1. National implementing framework 13. The areas where respondents require technical assistance the most to set up a national coordination and regional cooperation mechanism for implementing the Convention were as follows: national coordination for enforcement activities (80%), national coordination for the development of the a national strategy for hazardous waste management (77.8%), fostering cooperation between competent authorities 4

5 at the regional level (33.3%), and fostering cooperation between focal points at the regional level (33.3%). 14. Among the needs for establishing appropriate legal and administrative measures to implement and enforce the provisions of the Basel Convention, respondents identified the provision of advice (policy, legal, institutional, technical and scientific) (73.3%), the development of project proposals (68.9%), and the development of legislations (51.1%). 2. National reports 15. When questioned about the challenges encountered in the preparation of national reports, respondents listed: collecting data for inventories of hazardous (93.3%), collecting data on imports and exports of hazardous (48.9%) and matching national waste classification codes with Basel Convention codes (40%). Some respondents also requested assistance to complete their report through the online reporting system (6.7%). C. Transboundary movements of hazardous and other 1. The control procedure for transboundary movements of hazardous and other 16. When asked about the challenges faced to implement the control procedure for the transboundary movements of hazardous and other according to the Basel Convention, many respondents pointed out a lack of awareness raising (62.2%), challenges with the use of the notification and movement documents (including identifying the composition of when constituents are mixed) (53.3%), insurance, bonds and guarantees (48.9%), review and drafting of legal texts (44.4%), and lack of coordination at the national level (including with the generator, exporter, importer and disposer) (42.2%). 2. Illegal traffic, accidents, liability and compensation 17. Respondents were asked to indicate two priority areas to assist in preventing and combating cases of illegal traffic in hazardous and other. Respondents identified the following areas: to develop a national strategy to combat illegal traffic (87%), to support coordination at the national level (51%), awareness-raising (40%) and the review and drafting of legal texts (20%). D. The environmentally sound management of hazardous and other 1. The environmentally sound management of hazardous and other 18. Table 5 below provides information on the type of assistance required in relation to the ESM of hazardous and other. The three most cited priorities have been highlighted for each waste stream 5

6 Table 5: Type of assistance required in relation to ESM for priority streams under the Basel Convention (percentage of responses received) Waste Stream Activity Review of good practices Training on technical guidelines and other guidance documents Review and drafting of legal texts Development of national strategies Coordination with the private sector Development of technical standards Review of waste disposal technologies Socio-economic assessments Developing project proposals To mainstream waste management issues into national strategies and plans for sustainable development E- Biomedical or healthcare oils lead acid batteries POPs (includin g new POPs) Obsolete pesticides Ship dismantling and waste pneuma tic tyres Mercury 20.3% 12% 9.8% 13.5% 9.8% 9% 3.8% 10.5% 11.3% 20.7% 12.4% 10.3% 11% 13.1% 7.6% 6.2% 9.6% 9% 20% 13.% 8.7% 13% 15.7% 6.1% 5.2% 7.8% 10.4% 23.5% 11.8% 14.3% 10.% 10.1% 5.0% 2.5% 9.2% 13.5% 24.2% 13.6% 12.9% 13.6% 10.6% 5.3% 2.3% 8.3% 9.1% 21.9% 10.9% 10.9% 13.5% 13.5% 8.4% 5.% 6.7% 9.2% 20.4% 14.1% 11.3% 9.9% 12% 9.9% 2.1% 7.8% 12.7% 19.1% 11.3% 11.3% 12.2% 11.3% 7% 2.6% 11.3% 13.9% 23.1% 9.8% 10.5% 13.3% 11.2% 7.7% 2.8% 10.5% 11.2% 24.8% 14.4% 9.6% 12% 10.4% 8.8% 4.8% 7.2% 8% 6

7 2. Disposal of hazardous 19. Table 6 below provides information on the type of assistance required in relation to the disposal of hazardous and other. The most cited priority per waste stream has been highlighted. Table 6: Type of assistance required for the disposal of hazardous and other for priority streams under the Basel Convention (percentage of responses received) Waste Stream Activity Training on the technical guidelines and other guidance documents Training on the role of key stakeholders in implementing ESM Review of good practices Development of national strategies for disposal Coordination with generators/dispo sers E- Biomedical or healthcare oils lead acid batteries POPs (including new POPs) Obsolete pesticides Ship dismantling and waste pneuma tic tyres Mercu ry 23.2% 11.9% 11.3% 11.3% 14.6% 5.3% 2.7% 8% 11.9% 24.5% 12.3% 11% 11% 11.6% 6.5% 3.9% 7.7% 11.6% 18.9% 10.8% 13.5% 10.8% 12.2% 9.5% 4.1% 9.5% 10.8% 21.8% 12.9% 11.6% 10.2% 10.9% 9.5% 2% 8.8% 12.2% 20.4% 13.2% 14.5 % 11.2% 13.8% 9.2% 2% 6.6% 9.2% E. Minimization and prevention of waste generation 20. In relation to the provision to reduce and prevent the generation of hazardous, respondents have indicated that developing systems to measure hazardous waste generation (77.8%), developing economic incentives (64.4%), raising awareness (87.8%), review and drafting of legal texts (42.2%), policy development (28.9%), and inter-ministerial coordination (20%) were among the challenges faced by Parties, i.e. where they most require technical assistance. V. Technical assistance available from developed country Parties and others, including obstacles and barriers to providing technical assistance % of the respondents to the questionnaire (2 Parties) indicated their willingness to provide technical assistance to other Parties to the Basel Convention. 22. Regarding the ESM of hazardous, expertise may be provided in the areas of reviewing good practices, training on technical guidelines and other guidance documents, developing technical standards, reviewing waste disposal technologies, developing national strategies for disposal, mainstreaming waste management issues into national strategies and plans for sustainable development. This expertise would be available for the following waste streams: used oils, used lead acid batteries, POPs waste, and mercury waste. No country indicated availability to provide technical assistance on reviewing and drafting legal texts, developing national strategies, coordinating with the private sector, socio-economic assessments, developing project proposals, and coordinating with generators/ disposers. 23. Regarding disposal of hazardous and other, expertise may be provided in the areas of reviewing good practices, training on technical guidelines and other guidance documents, developing technical standards, reviewing waste disposal technologies, training key stakeholders in implementing ESM and development of national strategies for disposal. No countries indicated availability to provide technical assistance on coordination with generators and disposers. 24. Regarding the control procedure for the transboundary movements of hazardous and other, the responding countries indicated availability to provide assistance on all priority areas identified in 7

8 2014: for the review and drafting of legal texts, for the use and notification of movement documents, for the coordination at national level, for the contract specifying ESM in relation to import/export and regarding insurances, bonds or guarantees. 25. Respondents indicated that they could provide the following technical assistance: financial support to the programme of work of the Convention, provision of a technical expert/consultant and expert study visits. 26. Among the barriers identified by the respondents for providing technical assistance, respondents included lack of human and financial resources and limitations in national budgets. VI. VII. Other sources of information on technical assistance needs 27. Between June 2015 and December 2016, the Secretariat received 57 individual requests for technical assistance recorded in the database on technical assistance needs. 23 requests were submitted by Parties in the Asia-Pacific region, 24 by Parties in the African region, 7 by Parties in the Latin American and Caribbean region, and 3 by Parties in the Central and Eastern European region. Assistance was requested in relation to the ratification of the Ban Amendment to the Basel Convention, the environmental sound management of POPs and other hazardous, the development of legislation to implement the Basel Convention and on emergency assistance. Summary of the information collected 28. The environmentally sound management (ESM) of under the Basel Convention is an area that respondents considered the highest priority for technical assistance across all regions (see table 3). 29. Another area highlighted as a priority is the control of the transboundary movements of hazardous. In this context, many respondents pointed out the lack of awareness, challenges with the use of the notification and movement documents, and insurance, bonds and guarantees. 30. Respondents also emphasized their preference for technical assistance to be delivered through faceto-face trainings and through support to the development and implementation of specific projects. 31. The Parties that completed the survey on technical assistance available indicated their willingness to provide technical assistance for the highest priority areas identified in These areas cover building capacity: to reinforce the ESM of used oils, used-lead acid batteries, POPs waste, and mercury waste (assistance would be available to review good practices, train on technical guidelines and other guidance documents, develop technical standards, review waste disposal technologies, develop national strategies for disposal, mainstream waste management issues into national strategies and plans for sustainable development); the disposal of hazardous and other ; the control procedure for the transboundary movements of hazardous and other, assistance could be provided for the review and drafting of legal texts, for the use and notification of movement documents, for the coordination at national level, for the contract specifying ESM in relation to import/export and regarding insurances, bonds or guarantees. 32. Such assistance could be provided under different forms (financial support, expertise). 33. On the basis of information provided by Parties, the main needs and challenges in implementing the three conventions include: training for customs authorities, the sound management of POPs stockpiles and, multi-stakeholder coordination at the national level, development of national legal frameworks, and national reporting, with a focus on the collection of inventory data. 34. The responses received shows that Parties are aware of the technical assistance activities (over 90%) mainly through the conventions websites and invitations to participate in the activities organized by the Secretariat. 35. To facilitate access to technical assistance, the Secretariat continues to have regional focal points within the Secretariat to ensure that a prompt and tailored response is provided that addresses the needs of Parties. Their contact information has been posted on the websites and disseminated through several channels. 8