7.08 HD INDEX. San Jose (7.08) 83.9 LIFE EXPECTANCY (years) 6.70 EDUCATION INDEX $42,461 MEDIAN EARNINGS

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1 A PORTRAIT OF CALIFORNIA SAN JOSE METRO AREA CLOSE-UP A PORTRAIT OF CALIFORNIA SAN JOSE METRO AREA CLOSE-UP San Jose (7.08) San Francisco (6.72) 7.08 HD 83.9 LIFE EXPECTANCY (years) 6.70 EDUCATION $42,461 MEDIAN EARNINGS Oxnard Thousand Oaks (5.62) San Diego (5.59) Sacramento (5.47) Los Angeles (5.44) Riverside San Bernardino (4.59) Stockton (4.34) The San Jose Sunnyvale Santa Clara metropolitan statistical area ranks first among the ten most populous metro areas in California in terms of well-being and access to opportunity, as measured by the American Human Development Index. Its impressive Human Development (HD) Index score of 7.08 out of a possible 10 is significantly higher than the California average and almost double the score of Bakersfield, the metro area at the bottom of the rankings. The San Jose metro area, with a population of 1.9 million, comprises San Benito and Santa Clara Counties and contains seven principal cities: Cupertino, Palo Alto, Milpitas, Mountain View, Santa Clara, Sunnyvale, and San Jose. Fresno (3.96) THIS CLOSE-UP IS A COMPANION TO A PORTRAIT OF CALIFORNIA , AVAILABLE AT. MEASUREOFAMERICA of the Social Science Research Council

2 San Jose Today HOW HAS SAN JOSE FARED SINCE THE GREAT RECESSION? A PORTRAIT OF CALIFORNIA SAN JOSE METRO AREA CLOSE-UP San Jose ranks first on the Human Development Index, as it did before the Great Recession. San Jose is one of only four major metro areas in California that saw improvements in well-being and access to opportunity along with San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Bakersfield during a period when cities across the United States saw plummeting earnings. Human Development before and after the Great Recession San Jose San Francisco The American Human Development Index Los Angeles The American Human Development (HD) Index for California is a composite measure of well-being and access to opportunity made up of health, education, and earnings indicators. The Index is expressed on a scale from 0 to 10. Bakersfield Riverside San Bernardino A Long and Healthy Life is measured using life expectancy at birth, calculated with mortality data from the California Department of Public Health and population data from the U.S. Census Bureau. Access to Knowledge is measured with school enrollment for those ages 3 to 24, and educational degree attainment for those 25 and older, with data from the American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. A Decent Standard of Living is measured using median earnings of all full- and part-time workers 16 years and older from the American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau, Sacramento Fresno San Diego Life expectancy at birth Educational degree attainment INDICATORS School enrollment Median earnings Oxnard Thousand Oaks Stockton Health + + Education 3 Income CHANGE IN HD American Human Development 2

3 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT NEIGHBORHOOD BY NEIGHBORHOOD A PORTRAIT OF CALIFORNIA SAN JOSE METRO AREA CLOSE-UP The San Jose metro area is divided by the U.S. Census Bureau into fifteen neighborhood clusters, each with a population between one hundred thousand and two hundred thousand residents. The HD Index scores across neighborhood clusters in the San Jose metro area do not vary as dramatically as do those in other California metro areas, and even the neighborhood cluster with the lowest well-being levels Monterey County (South and East) and San Benito County registers only slightly more than one point below the California average. An area of concern in San Jose is earnings inequality. The typical worker in Cupertino, Saratoga Cities & Los Gatos Town earns over three and a half times as much as the typical worker in Monterey County (South and East) and San Benito County. This gap has more to do with the extremely high earnings of the former rather than a particularly poor performance by the latter. At $85,310, those in the top earnings group earn nearly three times as much as the typical Californian. Human Development by Neighborhood Cluster in San Jose HD LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (years) LESS THAN HIGH SCHOOL AT LEAST BACHELOR S DEGREE GRADUATE OR PROFESSIONAL DEGREE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT MEDIAN EARNINGS (2012 dollars) CALIFORNIA ,502 SAN JOSE METRO AREA , Mountain View, Palo Alto & Los Altos Cities , Cupertino, Saratoga Cities & Los Gatos Town , Sunnyvale & San Jose (North) Cities , San Jose City (Southwest/Almaden Valley) , San Jose (Northwest) & Santa Clara Cities , San Jose (West Central) & Campbell Cities , Milpitas & San Jose (Northeast) Cities , San Jose City (Southeast/Evergreen) , San Jose City (South Central/Branham) & Cambrian Park , San Jose City (Central) , San Jose City (East Central) & Alum Rock , Gilroy, Morgan Hill & San Jose (South) Cities , San Jose City (Northwest) , San Jose City (East Central/East Valley) , Monterey (South & East) & San Benito Counties ,164 Source: Measure of America calculations using California Department of Public Health mortality data and U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates and American Community Survey

4 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT BY RACE AND ETHNICITY Another lens for understanding access to opportunity is race and ethnicity. Wellbeing levels in San Jose vary across racial and ethnic groups. Asian American well-being levels in San Jose top the charts at Asian Americans, whites, and African Americans in San Jose outperform their counterparts in California s other large metro areas. Latinos in San Jose come in second to Latinos in San Francisco. The typical African American, Asian American, and white residents earn more in San Jose than in any other metro area. A typical Latino in San Jose, however, earns almost $1,000 less annually than a typical Latino in San Francisco. Human Development by Neighborhood Cluster Palo Alto Mountain View Sunnyvale 880 Milpitas Santa Clara Cupertino 280 San Jose Morgan Hill HD Parkland Hollister 4

5 The racial and ethnic profile of the San Jose metro area is rather unique. The share of Asian Americans, 31.4 percent, is nearly two and a half times greater than that of California overall. San Jose also has an atypically small share of Latino residents, 27 percent less than in California as a whole. No major California metro area has a sufficiently large Native American population to allow for reliable calculations of the HD Index at this level, unfortunately; the HD Index score for Native Americans in the state is Racial and Ethnic Makeup of the San Jose Metro Area San Jose Forecast: The Next Generation Although HD Index scores are a good proxy for potential risks to child well-being, the HD Index uses a set of indicators that chart the life course of adults and are therefore less suited to capturing how the next generation will fare. Additional indicators can help round out the picture. Below are a set of faster-moving indicators that shed light on the overall physical and social conditions children and youth face as they grow up in San Jose today. These factors, which operate behind the scenes, affect the degree to which children and teens in San Jose are sheltered from harm, have their fundamental needs met, and are able to build the capabilities required to flourish in the future Violent crime in the San Jose metro area, at 274 per 100,000 residents, is the second lowest of the ten largest metro areas in California. San Jose also performs especially well in terms of employment and wages. The unemployment rate is only 5.3 percent, one of the lowest of the ten major metro areas in the state. The percentage of the full-time working population earning under $25,000 a year is only 13.1 percent. These two indicators, taken together, suggest that youth in San Jose have a better chance of finding a well-paying job compared to those in the other nine metro areas. Children and youth in San Jose are also better positioned to succeed in terms of educational attainment compared to those in other metro areas. Almost six in ten children ages 3 to 4 years old attend preschool, and only slightly more than one in ten high schoolers drop out. The future looks bright for children and youth in San Jose. Armed with the tools to succeed as well as a generally safe, nurturing, and healthy environment, it is likely that the next generation of San Joseans will drive the San Jose HD Index ranking higher in the years to come. 34.7% Whites 31.4% Asian Americans 27.8% Latinos 3.5% Two or more Races or other 2.4% African Americans 0.2% Native Americans These indicators track important risks that children and youth are facing as they grow up in San Jose today. 5

6 Forecast Indicators: The Next Generation (BASED ON HD ) NEWBORNS WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (% of births less than 5.5 lbs.) AIR QUALITY (# of unhealthy days per year) NO HEALTH INSURANCE (% of residents) GREEN SPACE (square miles per 100,000 residents) 1. San Jose San Francisco Oxnard San Diego Sacramento Los Angeles Riverside San Bernardino Stockton Fresno Bakersfield (BASED ON HD ) PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT (% of 3- and 4-year-olds) HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUT (% of cohort) DISCONNECTED YOUTH (% year olds not working or in school) 1. San Jose San Francisco Oxnard San Diego Sacramento Los Angeles Riverside San Bernardino Stockton Fresno Bakersfield Sources: California Department of Public Health, 2010 Birth Records; Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality Index Report 2013; U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey , Table DP03; California Protected Areas Database. Sources: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey , Table S1401 and analysis of PUMA microdata; California Department of Education cohort dropout rate. (BASED ON HD ) UNEMPLOYMENT EARNING UNDER $25,000/YEAR INCOME INEQUALITY (% 16 years old and older) (% of full-time workers) (gini) 1. San Jose San Francisco Oxnard San Diego Sacramento Los Angeles Riverside San Bernardino Stockton Fresno Bakersfield (BASED ON HD ) AFFORDABLE HOUSING (% who spend less than 30% of income on housing) AVERAGE COMMUTE TIME (minutes/day) VIOLENT CRIMES (per 100,000 residents) 1. San Jose San Francisco Oxnard San Diego Sacramento Los Angeles Riverside San Bernardino Stockton Fresno Bakersfield Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics Local Area Unemployment Statistics; U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2012, Tables S2001 and B Sources: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2012, Tables S2503 and S0802; FBI Uniform Crime Reports

7 Human Development in San Jose at a Glance San Jose in the National Context Human Development in California's Ten Most Populous Metro Areas San Jose (7.08) 5.07 UNITED STATES HD 5.39 CALIFORNIA HD 7.08 SAN JOSE HD San Francisco (6.72) TOP 5 Neighborhood Clusters Race/Ethnicity Mountain View, Palo Alto & Los Altos Cities, Cupertino, Saratoga Cities & Los Gatos Town, Sunnyvale & San Jose (North) Cities, San Jose City (Southwest/Almaden Valley), San Jose (Northwest) & Santa Clara Cities, BOTTOM 5 Neighborhood Clusters San Jose City (East Central) & Alum Rock, Gilroy, Morgan Hill & San Jose (South) Cities, San Jose City (Northwest), San Jose City (East Central/East Valley), Monterey (South & East) & San Benito Counties 10 (HD MAXIMUM) Asian Americans 8.97 Whites 7.91 African Americans 5.57 Latinos (HD MINIMUM) Oxnard Thousand Oaks (5.62) San Diego (5.59) Sacramento (5.47) Los Angeles (5.44) Riverside San Bernardino (4.59) Stockton (4.34) Fresno (3.96) Bakersfield (3.69) Measure of America is a nonpartisan project, founded in 2007, of the Social Science Research Council. It creates easy-to-use yet methodologically sound tools for understanding well-being and opportunity in America and stimulates fact-based dialogue about these issues. Through hard copy and online reports, interactive maps, and custom-built dashboards, Measure of America works closely with partners to breathe life into numbers, using data to identify areas of need, pinpoint levers of change, and track progress over time. For policymaker and press inquiries: Eric Henderson, Chief of Advocacy and Media eric@measureofamerica.org, (718) MEASUREOFAMERICA of the Social Science Research Council