Mock Paper Religious Education

Transcription

1 Mock Paper Religious Education Animals a) What is meant by factory farming? 1 Mark Factory farming is where animals are raised intensively / high numbers to produce the maximum produce Factory farming is where animals are kept in cramped conditions in sheds and sold for food Factory farms are a cheap way of keeping animals before they are slaughtered MARK b) Give two reasons why many religious believers are against the fur and ivory trade 2 Marks Muslims and Christians believe that animals should be respected as part of God's creation The fur and Ivory trade involves the slaughter and suffering of animals The fur and ivory trade is illegal in many countries and threatens some species of animals Our society does not need for clothing as there are manmade materials MARK c) Religious believers should not eat meat. 3 Marks Christianity and the Bible does not teach that it is wrong to eat meat Muslims and Christians believe that animals were put here for humans to use as long as we treat them with respect Some Christians choose to be vegetarian to show respect for God's creatures Muslims are allowed to eat meat as long as it is halah - killed in a humane way with a prayer of thanks to Allah Some religious believers (such as Muslims) do not agree with factory farming because of the poor conditions so choose to be vegetarian

2 d) Explain the attitudes of religious people to experiments on animals. Use religious teaching and beliefs in your answer 6 Marks Christians view animals as part of God s creation. They believe part of their duty to protect animals, therefore some Christians are against animal testing Christians may agree on the use of animals for medical experiments, as testing can find cures for diseases or advances in surgery Quakers actively campaign against animal testing as it causes too much suffering to the animals The Qur an teaches that animals have feelings and purpose in their lives so some Muslims are against animal testing Some Muslims believe that scientific experiments should not involve cruelty and should only be done for important medical research Muslims believe that there should be no repeat testing and suffering of animals should be kept to a minimum. Religious believers think that where possible alternative methods should be used such as computer simulation _ e) Animals are not as important as humans. Refer to religious teaching 6 Marks Christians believe that Humans were made in God's image and were put in charge of all creation so therefore they are more important Muslims believe that Allah created humans last and made them stewards in charge of the planet Humans are more evolved than animals and can make decisions based on morals Animals cannot produce music, art, poetry or make advances in technology Religious believers think that animals should be respected and are needed for our world to exist Animals are needed for food and are also used for work, entertainment and as pets. They are important as it makes our world diverse

3 Planet Earth a) What is conservation? 1 Mark Conservation is looking after the environment Conservation is protecting animals and plant life Conservation means setting up national parks to protect the environment b) Give two reasons why many religious believers are against deforestation 2 Marks Christians are against deforestation because it means the loss of natural habitats and the extinction of animals Muslims are against deforestation as it adds to increased climate change and freak weather conditions Christians and Muslims are against deforestation as it damages the environment and God's creation Christians and Muslims are against deforestation as humans are stewards and should be protecting the planet from harm as it is God's creation c) Recycling is good stewardship. 3 Marks Good stewardship as it is looking after God s creation, recycling helps this by protecting the Earth's resources Recycling shows concern for future generation so it is seen by Christians as good Stewardship Muslims believe that recycling is good stewardship as it allows items and materials to be reused Recycling helps prevent global warming as it cuts down the amount of deforestation therefore it is good stewardship Some people think that it is sometimes not worth recycling as it can take up a lot of energy

4 d) Explain the attitudes of religious people to global warming. Use religious teachings and beliefs in your answer 6 Marks Christians believe humans were put in charge of the planet (stewardship), therefore responsible for the environment and need to stop global warming Christians believe that the world is a gift and they can use the resources as long as it is with respect to the planet so things that add to global warming are discouraged Muslim stewardship is khalifah and means humans are responsible for looking after the planet not destroying it The Qur'an teaches that the balance of the universe should be maintained so global warming is wrong Muslims believe that humans will be judged on how we look after the planet on the Day of Judgement Some religious believers understand the need for developing countries to use their resources to help the economy so a balance needs to take place _ e) The Earth is ours; we can do what we want with it. 6 Marks Some people think that we are the dominant species so we control the world we have the power to do what we want Some people believe that there is no higher being to instruct humans on our behaviour A lot of people believe that we have a responsibility to look after the planet for future generations rather than exploit and abuse the earth Christians believe that the world belongs to God and we are here to help look after the planet Muslims believe in Khalifah that Allah created the universe and it is humanity's responsibility to conserve the planet Some people believe that if we abuse the planet there will be problems with pollution and climate change that will damage human life so it is important to look after our world

5 Religion and Prejudice a) What is stereotyping? 1 Mark Stereotyping is judging someone on their group type rather than an individual Stereotyping is grouping people together and considering them to have the same traits Stereotyping is thinking people of the same race, religion or culture all behave the same way b) Give two reasons why many religious believers are against discrimination 2 Marks Christians believe that God created everyone equal so discrimination is wrong The Muslim holy book (Qur'an) states that prejudice and discrimination are wrong Religious believers think that discrimination is unfair and not a good way to treat people Religious believers think that discrimination can cause great suffering so it should not be allowed c) Religious believers should do more to fight prejudice. 3 Marks Christianity is sometimes considered as prejudiced as Catholics do not allow woman priests Muslim countries are often criticised for not treating woman fairly or equally Many religious believers have stood up against prejudice such as Martin Luther King who was a Christian that fought for black people's rights in USA Religions promote tolerance and harmony. They believe that people should be treated with respect It is the responsibility of all people to fight prejudice not just religious people

6 d) Explain the attitudes of religious believers towards racism. Use religious teachings and beliefs in your answer 6 Marks Christianity is against racism as it states that there is no difference between Jews and Non Jews or between men and women Jesus showed no prejudice when he healed people - male female or Roman so racism is seen as wrong Jesus taught the parable of the good Samaritan where the Samaritan was the one to help the Jewish person showing no prejudice in his actions Christianity teaches that you should love your neighbour and treat people as you want to be treated. The Muslim holy book (Qur'an) states that prejudice and discrimination are wrong so Islam is against racism Islam teaches that all people are equal, they wear white to show this while on pilgriamage to Mecca (Hajj) The attitudes shown by religious believers such as Martin Luther King and Desmond Tutu show that racism is seen as wrong and should be fought against Religious believers promote tolerance and understanding rather than racism and mistrust e) Fear is the greatest cause of prejudice. 6 Marks People are often fearful of others who are from a different race or religion it is often due to a lack of understanding People can be fearful of others if they have been a victim of attack. For example if a white person has been attacked by a black person they may be racist towards all black people Fear of Muslims has developed after the terrorist attacks of 9 / 11 and extremist views Fear over losing jobs, housing or problems with schools and hospitals can add to prejudice thoughts Christianity believes that fear must be overcome as it leads to hatred and mistrust. There are other causes of prejudice such as if people have been brought up with racist parents or guardians. The influence of the media has been regarded as causing prejudice with biased or stereotyping often occurs Christianity teaches that people should be tolerant of other races and promotes education of different cultures to help reduce prejudice

7 Religion, War and Peace a) What is meant by a Holy War? 1 Mark A holy war is a war with a religious goal A holy war has a religious goal and led by a religious leader A holy war must have spiritual reward for people who fight b) Give two reasons why countries may go to war 2 Marks A country may go to war to defend itself - World War II A country may go to war to stop the threat of Nuclear Attack - Iraq War A country may go to war to protect itself against terrorism - Afghanistan A country may go to war to protect other countries or people - Gulf War Some countries go to war over religion - Crusades c) No one who is religious can be a terrorist. 3 Marks Religion teaches that killing is morally wrong so terrorist do not follow religious beliefs Terrorism goes against the teachings of God so people who commit these acts cannot be defined as religious Religion teaches that peace and harmony are better than suffering and chaos Some extremists think that they are defending their religion and doing God's will - they consider themselves as religious

8 d) Explain why some religious believers are prepared to fight in a war 6 Marks A religious person may be prepared to fight as Christianity believes in the Just War Theory which are 7 conditions that must be met to consider a war to be fair or just The conditions of the Just War Theory include - that there must be a just cause, the intention must be for good, innocent people must be protected, war must be a last resort, there needs to be a good chance of success, it needs to be declared by the head of state and the overall good gained must be better than the evil before. Christianity believes in justice and that war is sometimes necessary to promote peace. Islam states that war can be justified if it is in self defence, the defence of innocent people or the defence of Islam Muslims believe that Allah gives them permission to fight to help oppressed people as long as suffering is kept to a minimum Muslims believe that when they are at war they must respect the environment and protect innocent people Religious believers think that war must be a last resort with peace talks taking place first Religious believers think that sometimes war is necessary to get rid of evil dictators or to protect innocent people e) Wars do not solve problems; they only create them. Refer to religious arguments in your answer 6 Marks War causes great suffering with the loss of loved ones and horrific injuries which can last a lifetime War also creates problems in the economy, environment and infrastructure (road systems and buildings) War can create problems of bitterness and revenge as with the terrorist attacks happening after the Iraq war War can create problems because it costs so much money that could go elsewhere to solve problems such as in education or hospitals Christianity believes that war can be justified and does solve problems such as getting rid of an evil dictator Muslims believe that war can help innocent people and create peace Christians believe that war can solve problems of injustice and suffering which will only get worse and hurt more people if a war does not take place